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MHI's Commercial Post Combustion CO2 Capture Experiences in a Carbon Constrained

World

Ronald MitchellMitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

International Workshop on Power Generation with Carbon Capture and Storage in India

22-23 January 2008, Ashok Hotel, Delhi, India

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1. Introduction & Concept of Post Combustion CO2 Capture

2. MHI’s CO2 Capture Experience

3. MHI’s Flue Gas CO2 Recovery Technology

4. CO2 Recovery from Coal-fired Boilers

5. MHI’s scope in a CCS Project

6. Path Forward - Government incentives for CCS

CONTENTS

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Coal will persist as a dominant fuel for power generation well into this century

MHI has commercialized an advanced post combustion CO2 capture technology process

MHI has an expanding list of commercial deliveries mainly in the fertilizer production industry

MHI has conducted demonstration testing of CO2 capture from coal fired boilers

Government support is needed to encourage large scale CCS deployment – how?

1. Introduction

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Concept of Flue Gas CO2 Recovery, Sequestration and EOR

1. Concept of Post Combustion CO2 Capture

Schematic diagram of possible CCS systems

SRCCS Figure TS-1Source: IPCC

Fertilizer Production in

India

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① Is applicable for the current, global PC fleet② Offers high degree of flexibility – is adaptable and cost

competitive with other technologies③ Operation at atmospheric pressure – safe and does

not require exotic materials

④ Produces highly purified CO2 – important environmental consideration for transport and disposal

⑤ Easy to transfer post combustion technology to developing countries – simple process and configuration

⑥ Allows for future zero emission use of coal

Advantages of Post Combustion CO2 Capture

1. Concept of Post Combustion CO2 Capture

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MalaysiaPetoronas1999~200 t/dUrea

JapanChemical Co.2005~330 t/dGeneral use

IndiaIFFCODec 2006~2 x 450 t/d Urea

OTHER PROJECTS

Abu Dhabi

China India Bahrain

Project

StatusFEED

CompleteFEED

CompleteAwarded Project

Awarded Project

Flue Gas Source

Nat. Gas. Reformer

Nat. Gas.

BoilerNat. Gas. Reformer

Nat. Gas. Reformer

Expected on stream

2008 2009 2010 2010

CO2 Capture Capacity (T/D)

400 800 450 450

2. MHI’s Experience

MHI’s Commercial CO2 Capture Plants

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Example of a Commercial Project in India

Client : Indian Farmers Fertilizer Co.Solvent : KS-1 SolventCapacity : 450 T/D x 2 unitsFeed Gas : Natural Gas and Naphtha

Reformer Flue GasUse of CO2 : Urea ProductionStart-up : 2006

• CO2 is recovered from steam reformer flue gase

s. • CO2 is compressed and then used for urea synth

esis. • Includes a Deep FGD caustic soda wash in the q

uencher to remove SOx• Flue gas is cooled and then SOx is removed bef

ore entering the CO2 absorber.

2. MHI’s Experience

Process Description

Plant Outline

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Coal Fired Long Term Demonstration Plant

Solvent : KS-1Capacity : 10 T/DFeed Gas : Coal Fired Boiler (14.1 v% CO2)Start-up : July 2006Location : Nagasaki, Japan

Increased understanding of the effects of impurities on the system (dust, SOx, NOx, etc.)

Identifying and incorporating countermeasures for each impurity

>4,000 hours of operation and experience Test results exceeded expectations and will

facilitate scale up CO2 capture for coal fired boilers Confirms that the MHI CO2 capture process can be

applied to coal fired flue gas streams

2. MHI’s Experience

Process Description

Plant Outline

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Large Scale CO2 Capture Plant (3000 T/D Plant)Basic design complete

2. MHI’s Experience

Cooling Tower Deep FGD

Stripper

Absorber

Flue Gas Duct

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3. MHI’s Flue Gas CO2 Recovery Technology

C.W.

C.W.

Steam

Reboiler

C.W.

ABSORBER

Flue GasCooler

CO2

Flue Gas Outlet

Flue Gas

STRIPPER(Regenerator)

Purity : 99.9 %

Combustion flue gas from a fossil fuel fired

power station

Pre-Treatment Facility (Deep FGD) required for Coal Fired Flue Gas

MEA KS-1

Circulation Rate 1 0.6

Regeneration Energy 1 0.68

Solvent Degradation 1 0.1

Solvent Loss 1 0.1

Corrosion Inhibitor Yes No

Feature of Process: Comparison with MEA solvent

Process Flow for Amine Absorption

MHI’s proprietary

KS-1 solvent

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2 t/d 200 t/d 330 t/d 450 t/d 800 t/d 3000 t/d

Commercial Experience with Natural Gas fired flue gas

Basic Design Complete (Nat. Gas)

MHI’s Operating ExperienceMHI’s operating experience includes an expanding number of commercial plants in a range of countries, combined with a strong foundation of pilot and small scale demonstration plant experience for both natural gas and coal fired flue gas application.

1 t/d 10 t/d

Pilot & small scale demonstration experience (Nat. Gas & Coal)

FEED Complete (Nat. Gas)

～ 5000 t/d500-3000 t/d

Phase 1(Coal)

Phase 2(Coal)

Me

diu

m-la

rge

sc

ale

de

mo

Fu

ll sc

ale

co

mm

erc

ial

MHI’s Proposed Phased Approach to Commercialization of CO2 Capture Technology for Coal Fired Boilers

4. CO2 Recovery from Coal-fired Boilers

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PowerPlant /

Industrial Source

CO2

Capture

CO2CompressionDehydration

CO2

Transport

CO2 Injection EOR etc

CO2 Credit

Generation

Long term Monitoring

Projects

The supply chain for a complete CCS project is complex Requires integration of a number of industry segments A carbon price creates incentives to drive CCS project execution Regulatory framework is in the pipeline

MHI ScopeSingle Contractor

Flue gaspre-treatment

5. MHI’s Scope in a CCS Project

The CO2 Supply Chain

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A) Funding for CCS demonstration projects – to reduce risk

B) Establish regulatory certainty – do not delay further

C) Create tax credits/subsidies for downstream application of anthropogenic CO2 (act as an initial industry driver)

D) Legislate to include CCS within emission trading schemes to ensure there are ‘rewards’ for industrial CCS projects

E) Establishing a carbon price will create additional incentives for CCS deployment – contribute toward project finance

Governments must create incentives which will encourage industry investment and widespread CCS – How?

6. Path Forward – Government Incentives for CCS

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Ronald MitchellManager Business DevelopmentCarbon Abatement Project OriginationEnvironmental Plant DepartmentMitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.3-3-1 Nishi-ku, Yokohama, JAPAN, 220-8401Office Ph: +81-45-224-9400 | Cell Ph: +81-90-4420-3941E-mail: ronald_mitchell@mhi.co.jpMHI Web: http://www.mhi.co.jp MHI CO2 Recovery Process: http://www.mhi.co.jp/mcec/product/recov_co2/

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