1 RAIL OPERATIONS 612-501-01 / 502-01 / 503-02 U M O D P C.

11

RAIL OPERATIONSRAIL OPERATIONS

612-501-01 / 502-01 / 503-02612-501-01 / 502-01 / 503-02

U M O D P CU M O D P C

22

ReferencesReferencesFM 3-35.4, FM 3-35.4, Deployment Fort-To-PortDeployment Fort-To-Port

FM 4-01.011, FM 4-01.011, Unit Movement OperationsUnit Movement Operations

FORSCOM/ARNG Regulation 55-1, FORSCOM/ARNG Regulation 55-1, Unit Movement PlanningUnit Movement Planning

TM 55-2200-001-12, TM 55-2200-001-12, Application of Blocking, Bracing, Tiedown Application of Blocking, Bracing, Tiedown Materials for Rail TransportMaterials for Rail TransportTEA PAM 55-19, TEA PAM 55-19, Tie-Down Handbook for Rail MovementsTie-Down Handbook for Rail Movements

TB 55-46-1,TB 55-46-1, Standard Characteristics for Transportability of Standard Characteristics for Transportability of Military Vehicles and Other Outsize/Overweight EquipmentMilitary Vehicles and Other Outsize/Overweight Equipment

33

Surface Surface TransportationTransportation

• What if unit equipment is non-roadable?.... or What if unit equipment is non-roadable?.... or is beyond organic lift capability…. or is is beyond organic lift capability…. or is beyond 400 mile motor march criteria?beyond 400 mile motor march criteria?

…Then you must depend upon commercially Then you must depend upon commercially provided service ….provided service …. ….. like rail!….. like rail!

44

Responsibilities -- General Responsibilities -- General

- Rail loading/unloadingRail loading/unloading

- Rail car inspectionRail car inspection

- Restraining MaterialRestraining Material

- Rail site preparationRail site preparation

TRANSPORTATION CORPS

US ARMY U M & O Railroad

• The deploying unit & installation both have The deploying unit & installation both have planning and execution responsibilities for planning and execution responsibilities for major rail activitiesmajor rail activities

55

Unit ResponsibilitiesUnit Responsibilities• Unit commander:Unit commander: Overall responsibility for Overall responsibility for

preparing unit for rail operations preparing unit for rail operations

- Prepare rail movement Prepare rail movement planplan- Submits Submits movement requirementsmovement requirements to the to the

ITO (AUEL to DEL/OEL to UDL)ITO (AUEL to DEL/OEL to UDL)- Prepare Prepare equipmentequipment for rail movement for rail movement

• Major unit responsibilities:Major unit responsibilities:

- LoadLoad railcars (under the technical supervision of railcars (under the technical supervision of the UMC)the UMC)

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2

66

Unit Responsibilities Unit Responsibilities (Cont)(Cont)

- Appoint an Appoint an OICOIC for the rail operation for the rail operation

- Designate Designate safety officersafety officer

- Provide trained Provide trained load teamsload teams

- Coordinate with Director of Public Works for Coordinate with Director of Public Works for blocking and bracing material blocking and bracing material

• Specific responsibilities:Specific responsibilities:

77

Unit Responsibilities Unit Responsibilities (Cont)(Cont)

• Coordinate logistical support for railhead opsCoordinate logistical support for railhead ops Lighting, latrines, mess, and medicalLighting, latrines, mess, and medical

• Ensure vehicles are Ensure vehicles are properly prepared/configuredproperly prepared/configured Removing canvas and bowsRemoving canvas and bows

- Securing moving vehicle partsSecuring moving vehicle parts

Use FORSCOM/ARNG 55-1 & SDDCTEA Use FORSCOM/ARNG 55-1 & SDDCTEA Pam 55-19Pam 55-19

- Packing, crating, banding, and blocking and Packing, crating, banding, and blocking and bracing secondary loadsbracing secondary loads

88

Unit Responsibilities (Cont) Unit Responsibilities (Cont)

• Stage equipmentStage equipment

• Inspect rail carsInspect rail cars

• Ensure sufficient numbersEnsure sufficient numbers ofof cars are spottedcars are spotted

• PreparePrepare rail carsrail cars forfor loadingloading

• Conduct safety briefingsConduct safety briefings

• Ensure tie-down teams have proper equipmentEnsure tie-down teams have proper equipment

• Load and tie-down equipment on rail carsLoad and tie-down equipment on rail cars

• Provide all required HAZMAT documentation to ITOProvide all required HAZMAT documentation to ITO

Ref: FM 4-01.11, p.3-2/3Ref: FM 4-01.11, p.3-2/3

99

Installation Transportation Installation Transportation Office ResponsibilitiesOffice Responsibilities

• Orders rail carsOrders rail cars based on the deploying unit’s requirements. based on the deploying unit’s requirements.

• Computes railcars based on the shipping configuration of the Computes railcars based on the shipping configuration of the equipment (need accurate DEL/UDL) and prepares equipment (need accurate DEL/UDL) and prepares Government Bill of Lading Government Bill of Lading

• Provides Provides technical advicetechnical advice to units on blocking, bracing to units on blocking, bracing and tie down materialand tie down material

• Joint InspectionJoint Inspection of railcars with railroad rep (for serviceability) of railcars with railroad rep (for serviceability) prior to loading commencing prior to loading commencing

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2 and FM 4-01.011,p.3-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2 and FM 4-01.011,p.3-3

• Official Official liaison liaison with SDDC and the railway agentwith SDDC and the railway agent• Designates installation load-out staging areaDesignates installation load-out staging area

1010

Installation Transportation Office Installation Transportation Office Responsibilities (Cont)Responsibilities (Cont)

• Notifies the Unit on type and quantity of railcars, and railcar Notifies the Unit on type and quantity of railcars, and railcar arrival schedule (cognizant of scheduled arrival date as POE - arrival schedule (cognizant of scheduled arrival date as POE - as listed in TPFDD)as listed in TPFDD)• Publishes/maintains rail loading schedule according to the Publishes/maintains rail loading schedule according to the movement order/directive movement order/directive

• Provide spanners as requiredProvide spanners as required

• Joint inspection or loaded railcars with railway agent to ensure Joint inspection or loaded railcars with railway agent to ensure compliance with Army Regulations, AAR loading rules, or host compliance with Army Regulations, AAR loading rules, or host nation rail rules nation rail rules

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.3-3 and H-2Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.3-3 and H-2

• Provides DD Form 836,if necessary for HAZMAT Provides DD Form 836,if necessary for HAZMAT

1111

Director of Director of Public Works (DPW)Public Works (DPW)

• Provides B & B materials for deploying unitsProvides B & B materials for deploying units

• Deploying unitsDeploying units must determinemust determine requirements & requirements & provide in advanceprovide in advance to the DPW.to the DPW.• Provides tools, potable Provides tools, potable end loading ramps and end loading ramps and assistance as required assistance as required

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2, FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FORSCOM ARNG Reg 55-1, p.46/47Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2, FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FORSCOM ARNG Reg 55-1, p.46/47

1212

SDDC ResponsibilitiesSDDC Responsibilities

• Units can request assistance through the SDDC Units can request assistance through the SDDC Operations Center at Fort Eustis, VAOperations Center at Fort Eustis, VA

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3

• Unit Movement Teams from Deployment Support Unit Movement Teams from Deployment Support Brigades (USAR) are available to be dispatched to Brigades (USAR) are available to be dispatched to support unit preparation for movementsupport unit preparation for movement

• Request SDDC assistance through the UMC/ITORequest SDDC assistance through the UMC/ITO

• Obtaining the railcars and the routing from the railroad Obtaining the railcars and the routing from the railroad that is supporting the move. Advises ITO of route that is supporting the move. Advises ITO of route restrictions (height or weight)restrictions (height or weight)

1313

Rail Carrier Representative Rail Carrier Representative ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

• Joint inspection with ITO rep before cars Joint inspection with ITO rep before cars positioned at loading ramp. positioned at loading ramp.

Loaded railcars comply with AAR rulesLoaded railcars comply with AAR rules

• Inspection following railcar loading to ensure:Inspection following railcar loading to ensure:

• Final approval authority for accepting the rail Final approval authority for accepting the rail loadsloads

1414

OCONUS RAIL OPERATIONSOCONUS RAIL OPERATIONS

• A A Movement Control Team (MCT)Movement Control Team (MCT) normally performs the normally performs the functions associated with the installation (ITO [ordering functions associated with the installation (ITO [ordering railcars, liaison with HN railway agent, inspection of railcars, liaison with HN railway agent, inspection of railcars, technical advice etc])railcars, technical advice etc])

• Area Support GroupArea Support Group or or Base Support BattalionBase Support Battalion provide provide blocking and bracing material and tools/assistance as blocking and bracing material and tools/assistance as requiredrequired

• Unit determines movement requirements and submits them Unit determines movement requirements and submits them to the MCTto the MCT

• Deploying unit prepares equipment (cleans and configures) Deploying unit prepares equipment (cleans and configures) - cognizant or pertinent regulations if crossing international - cognizant or pertinent regulations if crossing international boundaries - and loads equipmentboundaries - and loads equipment

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.4-16 and FM 4.01.011, p.3-7/8Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.4-16 and FM 4.01.011, p.3-7/8

1515

OCONUS RAIL OPERATIONS OCONUS RAIL OPERATIONS (cont)(cont)

• MCT unit manages railhead ops in the marshaling and MCT unit manages railhead ops in the marshaling and staging areasstaging areas

• Deploying units provide drivers, tie-down teams, safety Deploying units provide drivers, tie-down teams, safety monitors, and other support personnel as directedmonitors, and other support personnel as directed

• Deploying unit documents its equipment and personnel Deploying unit documents its equipment and personnel for rail transportfor rail transport

• MCT unit consolidates and coordinates all rail movement MCT unit consolidates and coordinates all rail movement with other en route nations and the carrierwith other en route nations and the carrier

• When rail is the primary means of deployment, the When rail is the primary means of deployment, the railhead is the railhead is the POEPOE

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.4-16Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.4-16

1616

• Use FORSCOM Form Use FORSCOM Form 285-5-R for manual load 285-5-R for manual load planningplanning

• TC-ACCIS/TC-AIMS II TC-ACCIS/TC-AIMS II provides automated rail provides automated rail load planning capabilityload planning capability

Rail Load PlanningRail Load Planning

REF: FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30REF: FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30

1717

Railcar RequirementsRailcar Requirements

• Rail cars are obtained Rail cars are obtained by ITO in the types and by ITO in the types and quantities required, quantities required, based upon the based upon the deploying unit’s deploying unit’s requirementsrequirements

• Deployment may be by commercial or Deployment may be by commercial or ‘DODX’ railcars‘DODX’ railcars

1818

The Official Railway The Official Railway Equipment Register Equipment Register

• The Official Railway The Official Railway Equipment Register is Equipment Register is used to determine the type used to determine the type of rail cars needed, and of rail cars needed, and their associated capacity their associated capacity and dimensionsand dimensions

• Excerpts for Trailer Train & Excerpts for Trailer Train & DODX railcars contained in DODX railcars contained in TM 55-2200-001-12TM 55-2200-001-12

1919

TM 55-2200-001-12 TM 55-2200-001-12

• TM 55-2200-001-12 (Appendix H-1), contains TM 55-2200-001-12 (Appendix H-1), contains DODX table used to determine the types of DODX DODX table used to determine the types of DODX rail cars needed, and their associated capacity and rail cars needed, and their associated capacity and dimensionsdimensions

• TM 55-2200-001-12 (Appendix G), contains TM 55-2200-001-12 (Appendix G), contains information on commercial special-purpose information on commercial special-purpose railcarsrailcars

2020

Types of Trains Types of Trains

• CarloadsCarloads (part of carrier regular train service) - (part of carrier regular train service) - average speed of 13 mph or 312 miles per dayaverage speed of 13 mph or 312 miles per day

• Unit trainUnit train - additional train - additional train• If not carrying dimensional (high/wide loads) use If not carrying dimensional (high/wide loads) use an average speed of 22 mph or 528 miles per dayan average speed of 22 mph or 528 miles per day• For dimensional loads For dimensional loads use the ‘carload’ speeduse the ‘carload’ speed for planningfor planning

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3/4Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3/4

2121

RailcarsRailcars

• There are several There are several types of railcarstypes of railcars used for military exercises and deploymentsused for military exercises and deployments

- OpenOpen Top Cars Top Cars

+ GondolasGondolas

+ Flat CarsFlat Cars

2222

Railcars (Cont)Railcars (Cont)

- ClosedClosed Cars Cars

- SpecialtySpecialty Cars Cars

+ Box carBox car

+ Heavy lift Heavy lift

+ MultilevelMultilevel

+ TOFCTOFC+ COFCCOFC

2323

ITO Requests Rail RITO Requests Rail Routingouting fromfrom SDDC SDDC

SDDC obtains routing from rail company SDDC obtains routing from rail company selectedselected

First Rail LineFirst Rail Line

Second Rail LineSecond Rail Line POEPOE

Camp Camp SwampySwampy

Spotting locationSpotting location

2424

SUMMARYSUMMARY

2525

QUESTIONS ???QUESTIONS ???

2626

OnOnLearningLearning

2727


Answer 1: Answer 1: The Installation Transportation The Installation Transportation OfficerOfficer

Question 1: Question 1: Who is responsible for Who is responsible for obtaining rail cars for the deploying unit?obtaining rail cars for the deploying unit?

2828


Question 2: Question 2: When railcars arrive on site,When railcars arrive on site,who is responsible for inspecting the railcars who is responsible for inspecting the railcars prior to accepting the cars from the rail carrier? prior to accepting the cars from the rail carrier?

Answer 2: The ITO is responsible for the The ITO is responsible for the initial inspection prior to accepting the railcarsinitial inspection prior to accepting the railcars

2929

Question 3: Question 3: Who is responsible for providing Who is responsible for providing the deploying unit with spanners for rail loading the deploying unit with spanners for rail loading operations?operations?

Answer 3: Answer 3: The Installation Transportation The Installation Transportation Officer.Officer.


3030

Answer 4: Answer 4: Association of American Association of American Railways (AAR) rulesRailways (AAR) rules

Question 4: Question 4: What established rules govern all What established rules govern all rail movements in CONUS? rail movements in CONUS?


3131

RAILWAY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT RAILWAY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

3232

RAILWAY FACILITIESRAILWAY FACILITIES

3333

Railyards & TracksRailyards & Tracks

3434

Siding # 1Siding # 1


Sidings Sidings

Main TrackMain Track

= Switch= Switch

3535

Spur Spur


Spur lineSpur line

= Switch= Switch

3636

SwitchSwitch


SwitchSwitch

3737


Wye Layout Wye Layout

Wye Wye InterchangeInterchange

Branch LineBranch Line

= Switch= Switch

3838

Loading RampsLoading Ramps

Combination Yard Combination Yard LayoutLayout

Main TrackMain Track= Switch= Switch








3939

Hank’s Yard (FEVA)Hank’s Yard (FEVA)

4040

InterchangeInterchange

• Interchange pointInterchange point - area where trains are - area where trains are handed off to other carrier handed off to other carrier

4141

RailcarRailcar ComponentsComponents

• Railcar Railcar underframeunderframe

4242

RailcarRailcar Components (Cont)Components (Cont)

• Body boosterBody booster

4343


• Truck Truck assemblyassembly

4444


• Automatic couplerAutomatic coupler

4545

Association ofAssociation ofAmerican RailroadsAmerican Railroads

4646

FlatcarsFlatcars:: General Purpose 1477General Purpose 1477 Special Purpose 139Special Purpose 139

Tank carsTank cars:: General Purpose 375General Purpose 375 Special Purpose 18Special Purpose 18

BoxcarsBoxcars:: Special Purpose 30Special Purpose 30 Refrigerated 9 Refrigerated 9

Misc carsMisc cars:: Escort CaboosesEscort Cabooses 6 6 Guard CarsGuard Cars 5 5 Spec Lease 11Spec Lease 11

TOTAL DODX: 2070TOTAL DODX: 2070

Defense Freight Rail Defense Freight Rail Interchange Fleet (DFRIF)Interchange Fleet (DFRIF)

• Mainly used for over-Mainly used for over-dimensional equipment or to dimensional equipment or to meet deployment time meet deployment time constraintsconstraints

4747

ASMP RailcarASMP Railcar RequirementsRequirements

- Ft StewartFt Stewart 233233- Ft HoodFt Hood 185185- Ft CarsonFt Carson 85 85- Ft CampbellFt Campbell 236236- Ft BenningFt Benning 62 62

AMCCOM Installations:AMCCOM Installations:198 cars at 198 cars at 12 Ammo Plants12 Ammo Plants

• Part of DFRIF - sited at PPPs to support rapid Part of DFRIF - sited at PPPs to support rapid deployment (restrictions on use)deployment (restrictions on use)• DA DCSOPS sets priority on which installationsDA DCSOPS sets priority on which installationsget railcars first.get railcars first.

Ref: FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.31Ref: FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.31

4848

566 -335 -

140 TON FLAT RAILCARS100 TON FLAT RAILCARS

* PRE-ASSIGNED IN ORDER TORESPOND TO CONTINGENCIES

SDDC Managed RailcarsSDDC Managed Railcars

RAIL FLEET:TANK CARS:FLAT CARS:BOX CARS:REEFERS:CABOOSES:SCHNABEL:

3751,477

30962

FT. STEWARTFT. STEWART

MCLB BARSTOWMCLB BARSTOWCAMP LEJEUNECAMP LEJEUNE

4343

FT. HOODFT. HOOD

9292

3434FT. BENNINGFT. BENNING6262

FT. CAMPBELLFT. CAMPBELL

Total rail fleet: Approximately 2,070Total rail fleet: Approximately 2,070Total rail fleet: Approximately 2,070Total rail fleet: Approximately 2,070

MCLB ALBANYMCLB ALBANYFT. BLISSFT. BLISS

FT. CARSONFT. CARSON

8585

1401409999

8585

55

4949

RailwayRailway EquipmentEquipment

5050

Flat CarsFlat Cars

• Ideal for Ideal for transporting transporting military cargo military cargo and vehiclesand vehicles

• Equipment may Equipment may be carried on be carried on DOD or common DOD or common carrier flatcarscarrier flatcars

5151

DODX 40000 Series DODX 40000 Series 68’ Flat Car68’ Flat Car

• 40000 Series40000 Series

- 140 Ton 140 Ton CapacityCapacity

- Only DODX Only DODX railcar to railcar to move move M1A1M1A1

5252

DODX 41000 DODX 41000 Series 68’ Flat CarSeries 68’ Flat Car

• 41000 Series41000 Series

- 85-100 85-100 Ton Ton

- Most have Most have spanners, spanners, chains & chains & container container pedestalspedestals

5353

DODX 42000 Series DODX 42000 Series 89’ Flatcar89’ Flatcar

- Used for wheeled, Used for wheeled, light tracked light tracked vehicles & vehicles & containerscontainers

• 42000 - Series42000 - Series

- 85 -100 ton 85 -100 ton capacitycapacity

- Chain tie-down with lift up container pedestals Chain tie-down with lift up container pedestals

5454

DODX 42000 Series DODX 42000 Series 89’ Flatcar (Cont)89’ Flatcar (Cont)

• Some have no integral spanners Some have no integral spanners

5555

ConventionalConventionalFlat CarsFlat Cars

• Wire rope tie-downWire rope tie-down• Block & braceBlock & brace• Stake pocket sidesStake pocket sides

5656

Chain Tie-down Chain Tie-down Flat CarsFlat Cars

• Wooden Wooden or steel or steel deckdeck

• Center Center or center or center and side and side chainschains

Preferred type for unit movesPreferred type for unit moves(less B&B and quicker to load)(less B&B and quicker to load)

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3

5757

Types of Flat CarsTypes of Flat Cars

• Flatcars without side rails are easier to load, and Flatcars without side rails are easier to load, and wider vehicles more easily accommodated wider vehicles more easily accommodated

Side railsSide rails

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3

5858

• Taller vehicles on upper levelTaller vehicles on upper level

Bi-level Bi-level Flat CarsFlat Cars

5959

Multilevel Multilevel Flat CarsFlat Cars

• Ramps are Ramps are used to load used to load the upper the upper levelslevels

• Small wheeled Small wheeled vehicles, vehicles, protectedprotected

6060

Trailer on Flatcar (TOFC)Trailer on Flatcar (TOFC)

6161

Container on Flatcar (COFC)Container on Flatcar (COFC)

6262

MHE Support (TOFC)MHE Support (TOFC)

6363

BoxcarsBoxcars

• Ideal for commodities Ideal for commodities requiring protectionrequiring protection from weather or from weather or susceptible to pilferage: susceptible to pilferage:

foodstuffs, medicines, foodstuffs, medicines, electronics, spare parts electronics, spare parts and ammunitionand ammunition

• US Boxcars in domestic service have a US Boxcars in domestic service have a capacity of about 100k lbs., or over 3900 cu capacity of about 100k lbs., or over 3900 cu feet. feet.

6464

Tank CarsTank Cars

6565

Gondola Cars Gondola Cars

• If car sides are necessary to keep bulk loads If car sides are necessary to keep bulk loads from shifting, usefrom shifting, use

gondola carsgondola cars

ConexConex

6666

• Cars can be either covered or open Cars can be either covered or open at the topat the top

Hopper CarsHopper Cars

• Used forUsed for transporting transporting loose bulkloose bulk commodities likecommodities like gravel and coalgravel and coal

6767

• Used to switch rail cars in and out of a Used to switch rail cars in and out of a loading area.loading area.

Switch Switch EnginesEngines

6868

Line HaulLine HaulLocomotivesLocomotives

6969

CabooseCaboose

• Only used Only used when escort when escort requiredrequired

• Not used on Not used on civilian trainscivilian trains

7070

SUMMARYSUMMARY

7171

QUESTIONS ?QUESTIONS ?????

QUESTIONS ?QUESTIONS ?????

7272


7373


Question 1: Question 1: What enhanced rail deployment What enhanced rail deployment capability does the Defense Freight Rail capability does the Defense Freight Rail Interchange Fleet (DFRIF) provide?Interchange Fleet (DFRIF) provide?

Answer 1: Answer 1: Pre-positioning of railcars at Pre-positioning of railcars at selected installations provides flexibility to selected installations provides flexibility to quickly load military equipment for deployment quickly load military equipment for deployment operations.operations.

7474

Question 2: Question 2: What type of railcar is ideal for What type of railcar is ideal for transporting wheeled and tracked vehicles transporting wheeled and tracked vehicles and oversized equipment? and oversized equipment?

Answer 2: Answer 2: Flat CarsFlat Cars


7575

Rail LoadingRail LoadingRequirements and ProceduresRequirements and Procedures

7676

Preparing Unit Equipment Preparing Unit Equipment for Rail Movementfor Rail Movement

• The deploying unit The deploying unit is responsible for is responsible for preparing its preparing its vehicles and vehicles and equipment for rail equipment for rail movementmovement

7777

General GuidanceGeneral Guidance

• Don’t carry ammunition and fuel (as a secondary Don’t carry ammunition and fuel (as a secondary cargo) together on any vehicle of a rail movementcargo) together on any vehicle of a rail movement

• Place warning placards on all sides of hazardous Place warning placards on all sides of hazardous cargo loadscargo loads

• Load unit equipment in organic vehicle to the greatest Load unit equipment in organic vehicle to the greatest extent possible. Secure equipment loads properlyextent possible. Secure equipment loads properly

• Lock and seal sensitive materials Lock and seal sensitive materials (arms/ammo/explosives) in approved security (arms/ammo/explosives) in approved security containers containers

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30

7878

Preparing VehiclesPreparing Vehicles Prior to LoadingPrior to Loading

• Vehicle Preparation Requirements:Vehicle Preparation Requirements:

All lifting and tiedown shackles All lifting and tiedown shackles attached to vehicles attached to vehicles

Fuel tanks no more Fuel tanks no more than 3/4 fullthan 3/4 full

Canvas and bows Canvas and bows removed or bandedremoved or banded

Check all tire inflation and conditionCheck all tire inflation and condition

7979

• Old series vehicles (eg HMMWV) roll down side Old series vehicles (eg HMMWV) roll down side windows, lower windshields, turn mirrors inwardwindows, lower windshields, turn mirrors inward

• New series vehicles (eg PLS, HET, HEMTT) windows New series vehicles (eg PLS, HET, HEMTT) windows must remain up because of potential rail damage to must remain up because of potential rail damage to electronic transmission and central tire inflation electronic transmission and central tire inflation systems. Protect with plywood, cardboard or double systems. Protect with plywood, cardboard or double layer of bubble wraplayer of bubble wrap

• Do not cover headlights, windshields or mirrors with Do not cover headlights, windshields or mirrors with tapetape

Preparing VehiclesPreparing Vehicles Prior to Loading (Cont)Prior to Loading (Cont)

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3/4 and FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30/31Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3/4 and FORSCOM/ARNG Reg 55-1, p.30/31

8080

8181

Preparing VehiclePreparing Vehicle Prior to Loading (Cont)Prior to Loading (Cont)

- Reduce vehicle configuration based on Reduce vehicle configuration based on information contained in movement orderinformation contained in movement order

- Secure any materials Secure any materials or equipmentor equipment

- Bands must be Bands must be approved by AAR. approved by AAR.

- Ensure that hood Ensure that hood latches are functional latches are functional and secure.and secure.

8282

Blocking and Bracing Blocking and Bracing MaterialsMaterials

• Blocking & bracing references contained in both Blocking & bracing references contained in both TM 55-2200-001-12 & SDDCTEA Pam 55-19TM 55-2200-001-12 & SDDCTEA Pam 55-19

8383

Medical supportMedical support

Rail Site FacilitiesRail Site Facilities

LightingLighting

8484

Rail Site Facilities (Cont)Rail Site Facilities (Cont)

- Command and control facilitiesCommand and control facilities

- LightingLighting

- Latrine facilitiesLatrine facilities

- MessingMessing

- Medical supportMedical support

- Warming TentWarming Tent

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3/4Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3/4

8585

Safety RequirementsSafety Requirements

• Brief all soldiers on established safety procedures prior to Brief all soldiers on established safety procedures prior to loading commencing: loading commencing:

• Appoint Safety OIC or NCOIC and OIC conduct risk Appoint Safety OIC or NCOIC and OIC conduct risk assessment before commencing loadingassessment before commencing loading

• Qualified and properly equipped medical personnel on siteQualified and properly equipped medical personnel on site

- All loading personnel MUST wear leather gloves and hard All loading personnel MUST wear leather gloves and hard hats/helmets. Goggles and safety boots are also recommendedhats/helmets. Goggles and safety boots are also recommended

- Personnel will not jump between or from railcars - use steps Personnel will not jump between or from railcars - use steps provided (running on railcars is also prohibited)provided (running on railcars is also prohibited)

- Do not crawl under or walk between railcarsDo not crawl under or walk between railcars- Do not step or walk on the railsDo not step or walk on the rails

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1

- For night loading ops, ensure adequate lighting and that For night loading ops, ensure adequate lighting and that personnel have reflector vests and flashlightspersonnel have reflector vests and flashlights

8686

Safety Requirements (Cont)Safety Requirements (Cont)

- Never walk backwards on rail carsNever walk backwards on rail cars

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-4Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-4

- All vehicles being loaded/unloaded on a railcar must All vehicles being loaded/unloaded on a railcar must have a car guide (on the rail car in front of the vehicle) have a car guide (on the rail car in front of the vehicle) and two side guides (one on the ground on each side and two side guides (one on the ground on each side of the vehicle being moved)of the vehicle being moved)

- Only the car guide gives instructions to the vehicle Only the car guide gives instructions to the vehicle driver - side guides keep car guide advised of how driver - side guides keep car guide advised of how close the vehicle is to the edge of the railcarclose the vehicle is to the edge of the railcar

- Car guides escort vehicle onto ramp and railcar and Car guides escort vehicle onto ramp and railcar and must stay in clear view of the driver at all timesmust stay in clear view of the driver at all times

8787


Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1/2Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1/2

- Car guide should stay one railcar Car guide should stay one railcar ahead of the vehicle being guided. If ahead of the vehicle being guided. If a vehicle is already on railcar a vehicle is already on railcar assume a secure and observable assume a secure and observable position on or beside the parked position on or beside the parked vehicle so that you cannot be pinned vehicle so that you cannot be pinned between the moving and parked between the moving and parked vehiclesvehicles

- Car guides must use uniform hand Car guides must use uniform hand signals (drivers must also signals (drivers must also understand this signals)understand this signals)

8888


- Ensure spanners are properly aligned, set and secured Ensure spanners are properly aligned, set and secured before a vehicle drivers over them. However, do not stand before a vehicle drivers over them. However, do not stand beside spanners when a vehicle is driving over thembeside spanners when a vehicle is driving over them

- Reduced speed is used when driving vehicles onto railcars Reduced speed is used when driving vehicles onto railcars - Personnel stay clear of main track and railcars when vehicles Personnel stay clear of main track and railcars when vehicles

are moving on them (unless a designated guide)are moving on them (unless a designated guide)- No sleeping in or around rail carsNo sleeping in or around rail cars- Be aware of overhead electric power linesBe aware of overhead electric power lines- Display a blue flag on the track behind the last car being Display a blue flag on the track behind the last car being

loaded so that other trains will not approachloaded so that other trains will not approach- Complete list at Appendix A in FM 4-01.011Complete list at Appendix A in FM 4-01.011

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1/2 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-5Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.A-1/2 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-5

8989

Rail SiteRail Site

• Ensure that MHE is Ensure that MHE is on site for on site for equipment that equipment that requires MHE requires MHE supportsupport

• Rail site must be clean and free of debris.Rail site must be clean and free of debris.

• Ensure spanners are Ensure spanners are available.available.

9090

Inspection of Inspection of RailcarsRailcars

• Rail cars are inspected prior to being Rail cars are inspected prior to being positioned at final loading locationspositioned at final loading locations

• Purpose of inspection is to determine the cars Purpose of inspection is to determine the cars suitability for the intended equipment/vehicle suitability for the intended equipment/vehicle loadsloads

• After railcars are accepted, Military accepts full After railcars are accepted, Military accepts full responsibility to comply with AAR rulesresponsibility to comply with AAR rules

9191

Inspection of Inspection of Railcars (Cont)Railcars (Cont)

• Deploying unit and ITO representative inspect Deploying unit and ITO representative inspect railcars prior to loading equipment. Checks railcars prior to loading equipment. Checks include: include: - Doors on closed cars open and close and Doors on closed cars open and close and

interior is free of debrisinterior is free of debris- Open car decks are free of residue and old Open car decks are free of residue and old

blocking & bracing materialsblocking & bracing materials- Chains are present and serviceable on Chains are present and serviceable on

chain rail carschain rail cars

9292

CONUS GENERAL RAIL CONUS GENERAL RAIL LOADING RULESLOADING RULES

9393

• Excerpts of AAR Excerpts of AAR Rules containedRules contained

in TM 55-2200-001-12in TM 55-2200-001-12

• Contains Tie-down Contains Tie-down Information for Mil Information for Mil Vehicles & EquipVehicles & Equip

• Abide by host nation Abide by host nation rail rules and regs rail rules and regs OCONUSOCONUS

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

9494

AAR Loading Rules AAR Loading Rules

• The AAR makes The AAR makes no provision to no provision to protect cargo protect cargo from the from the elements or elements or other forms of other forms of damagedamage

9595

• The loading rules are applicable to The loading rules are applicable to both the railroad and the ITO/Unit.both the railroad and the ITO/Unit.

Railcar load Railcar load and weight and weight limits must not limits must not be exceededbe exceeded

AAR Loading Rules (Cont) AAR Loading Rules (Cont)

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

9696

One-half the load One-half the load limit of the railcar must limit of the railcar must not be exceeded on not be exceeded on any axleany axle


Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

9797

Balance load evenly on carBalance load evenly on car

When loading large and heavy items not When loading large and heavy items not covered by rules, load largest dimensions and covered by rules, load largest dimensions and heaviest weight on the floor to prevent tippingheaviest weight on the floor to prevent tipping

Items having a high center of balance (CB) must be Items having a high center of balance (CB) must be secured to prevent tipping while in transitsecured to prevent tipping while in transit


Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

9898

Idler cars must be Idler cars must be used when loads used when loads extend beyond the extend beyond the end of the loaded car.end of the loaded car.

Trailers loaded with heavy equipment are not to Trailers loaded with heavy equipment are not to be loadedbe loaded


Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

9999

Loads must be adequately secured to the railcarsLoads must be adequately secured to the railcars

Railcars must be suitable for the safe Railcars must be suitable for the safe transportation of the load, and the load must not transportation of the load, and the load must not exceed the width and height restrictions over the exceed the width and height restrictions over the proposed routeproposed route


Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

100100

HAZMATHAZMAT

• IAW Title 49, CFR and DTR Part IIIAW Title 49, CFR and DTR Part II• Consider exclusions, marking and Consider exclusions, marking and placardsplacards• If exemption required SDDC will If exemption required SDDC will request from carrierrequest from carrier• Carrier provides certificate needed for Carrier provides certificate needed for movement of Class 1 explosivesmovement of Class 1 explosives• Rail cars used for shipment of Rail cars used for shipment of explosive must be properly sealed with explosive must be properly sealed with an Army approved sealan Army approved seal

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-4Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-4

101101

SENSITIVE/CLASSIFIED MATERIALSENSITIVE/CLASSIFIED MATERIAL

• When shipping sensitive or classified material by rail, When shipping sensitive or classified material by rail, commanders may be required to provide guards or escortscommanders may be required to provide guards or escorts•Cargo guards and escorts maintain surveillance over the Cargo guards and escorts maintain surveillance over the military equipment during the journey and notify railroad military equipment during the journey and notify railroad personnel of any problemspersonnel of any problems• Escort supervisor given copy of trip itinerary (interchange Escort supervisor given copy of trip itinerary (interchange points, stops etc)points, stops etc)• Escorts have portable radios and are given safety and ROE Escorts have portable radios and are given safety and ROE briefs prior to departurebriefs prior to departure

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-4 and FM 4-01.011, p.A-3Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-4 and FM 4-01.011, p.A-3

102102

ESCORT/GUARD DUTIESESCORT/GUARD DUTIES

• Detailed in Appendix A of FM 4-01.011, Detailed in Appendix A of FM 4-01.011, Unit Movement Unit Movement OperationsOperations• Conduct cargo check one to two hours before departureConduct cargo check one to two hours before departure• Cargo checks whenever train stops for 30 minutes or more Cargo checks whenever train stops for 30 minutes or more (check for cargo shifting, tampering [eg, missing seals], and (check for cargo shifting, tampering [eg, missing seals], and missing or damaged cargo)missing or damaged cargo)• During stops guards staggered along both sides of the trainDuring stops guards staggered along both sides of the train• Incident reports to SDDC, immediately for all major incidents Incident reports to SDDC, immediately for all major incidents that could delay a shipment en routethat could delay a shipment en route

Ref: FM 4-01.011, p.A-3/4Ref: FM 4-01.011, p.A-3/4

103103

Preparation of RailcarsPreparation of Railcars

• Deploying unit check chain tie-downs and positions Deploying unit check chain tie-downs and positions them on the railcar deck to avoid having to reposition them on the railcar deck to avoid having to reposition chains after vehicle are loaded.chains after vehicle are loaded.

• Unused chains are placed in the channels to Unused chains are placed in the channels to prevent them being damaged.prevent them being damaged.

• Ensure railcar brakes are applied and chock rail Ensure railcar brakes are applied and chock rail wheels to prevent the railcars shifting during loadingwheels to prevent the railcars shifting during loading

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2

104104

Vehicle and Equipment Vehicle and Equipment LoadingLoading

• Prior to loading, stage vehicles in the order theyPrior to loading, stage vehicles in the order they will be loadedwill be loaded

• Most common and expeditious method for loading Most common and expeditious method for loading vehicles on flatcars is the “circus” methodvehicles on flatcars is the “circus” method

Flatcars equipped with spanners used asFlatcars equipped with spanners used as roadbed (spanners adjusted as required for roadbed (spanners adjusted as required for each vehicle type)each vehicle type) All vehicles loaded on rearmost car, thenAll vehicles loaded on rearmost car, then moved forward to assigned locationsmoved forward to assigned locations

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-3Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-3 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-3

105105

Vehicle and Equipment Vehicle and Equipment Loading (Cont)Loading (Cont)

Vehicles being loaded by the “circus” methodVehicles being loaded by the “circus” method

106106

• Rail guide should be one car ahead of vehicle or Rail guide should be one car ahead of vehicle or positioned not to be caught between vehiclespositioned not to be caught between vehicles

RampRamp

SpannerSpanner

• Prior to loading the vehicle onto railcar, all Prior to loading the vehicle onto railcar, all personnel with the exception of the driver must personnel with the exception of the driver must dismount vehicledismount vehicle

LoadingLoading

107107

• Ensure spanners are properly positioned & capable of Ensure spanners are properly positioned & capable of supporting the heaviest load anticipatedsupporting the heaviest load anticipated

• At least 12” of spanner should overlap the rail car deckAt least 12” of spanner should overlap the rail car deck• Most track vehicles don’t require spanners between rail carsMost track vehicles don’t require spanners between rail cars

Loading (Cont)Loading (Cont)

Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2Ref: FM 3-35.4, p.H-2

• When loading vehicle When loading vehicle between railcars of between railcars of uneven uneven deck heightsdeck heights, be sure to , be sure to place dunnage under the place dunnage under the spanner to prevent it from spanner to prevent it from slippingslipping

DunnageDunnage

108108

• When driving When driving on spanners, on spanners, maintain a maintain a constant constant speed.speed.

Loading (Cont)Loading (Cont)

• Avoid jamming Avoid jamming on brakes or on brakes or reversing reversing

109109

Vehicle SpacingVehicle Spacing

• Vehicles require a Vehicles require a minimum of 10 minimum of 10 inches of space inches of space between vehicles.between vehicles.

• Ensure sufficient Ensure sufficient space around top space around top mounted brake mounted brake wheels for wheels for operationoperation

Wrong spacingWrong spacing

Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 2Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 2

110110

Loading Multilevel CarsLoading Multilevel Cars

• Exercise caution when loading vehicles onExercise caution when loading vehicles on or moving vehicles through multilevel rail cars. or moving vehicles through multilevel rail cars. Check deck heightsCheck deck heights

• Decks mayDecks may be different heights be different heights causing vehicle to causing vehicle to strike the upperstrike the upper deck.deck.

111111

Setting VehiclesSetting Vehicles

• After positioning vehicle on railcar, vehicle After positioning vehicle on railcar, vehicle operator:operator:

Places transmission in neutral, secure with wirePlaces transmission in neutral, secure with wire

Sets parking brake, secure with wireSets parking brake, secure with wire

Places battery switches in “off” positionPlaces battery switches in “off” position

Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 1-2Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 1-2

112112

Force Applied to Railcar LoadsForce Applied to Railcar Loads

Front to backFront to back movement movement (coupling, start-up and (coupling, start-up and stopping)stopping) Side to sideSide to side

movement (curves)movement (curves)

VerticalVertical movement movement (dips in track)(dips in track)

THIS IS WHY WE TIE DOWN VEHICLES/EQUIPMENTTHIS IS WHY WE TIE DOWN VEHICLES/EQUIPMENT

113113

Tie-down ProceduresTie-down Procedures

• When securing vehicles use theseWhen securing vehicles use these techniques:techniques:

Inspect chain assembliesInspect chain assembliesand components (for and components (for damage, missing parts and damage, missing parts and proper operation)proper operation)

Apply chains in pairs and Apply chains in pairs and equal numbers front and equal numbers front and rearrear

114114

Tie-down Procedures (cont)Tie-down Procedures (cont) Ensure in turntable type winches that the chain Ensure in turntable type winches that the chain is taken up on the underside of the ratchet wheelis taken up on the underside of the ratchet wheel

BackwardsBackwards Proper PositionProper Position

115115

Tie-down ProceduresTie-down Procedures(Cont)(Cont)

Ensure proper wire or chain tensionEnsure proper wire or chain tension - Place tension on Place tension on chain or wire rope to chain or wire rope to

allow no moreallow no more than one inch than one inch deflection when deflection when

supporting the weight of supporting the weight of a full grown mana full grown man

116116


Secure excess wire rope or chain to theSecure excess wire rope or chain to the tension bearing part of the wire rope. tension bearing part of the wire rope.

On chain devices, secure open-faced On chain devices, secure open-faced hooks to chain link with wire or nylonhooks to chain link with wire or nylon tie strap. tie strap. Lock chain-tightening device with wire. Lock chain-tightening device with wire.

- Turnbuckles must have jamnuts tightenedTurnbuckles must have jamnuts tightened wrench-tight using two wrenches wrench-tight using two wrenches

117117


Secure chain through tie-down points atSecure chain through tie-down points at forty-five degree angle. forty-five degree angle.

Pull chain tight asPull chain tight as possible, ensuringpossible, ensuring that there are no that there are no twists or kinks, andtwists or kinks, and secure chain hooksecure chain hook to chain. to chain.

118118


Hand tighten turnbuckles first, then Hand tighten turnbuckles first, then continue to tighten with open end or continue to tighten with open end or crescent wrench until 1/8 inch of the crescent wrench until 1/8 inch of the rubber compression ring shows. rubber compression ring shows.

- Store used chain assemblies in theStore used chain assemblies in the rail car channel rail car channel

119119

Loading and Tie-down Loading and Tie-down ChecklistChecklist

• Checklists should be distributed to the loadingChecklists should be distributed to the loading teams. The checklist should contain the following:teams. The checklist should contain the following:

Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 34Ref. TEA Pam 55-19 Pg. 34

120120

Loading and Tie-down Loading and Tie-down Checklist (Cont)Checklist (Cont)

• Checklist Cont:Checklist Cont:

121121

Loading and Tie-down Loading and Tie-down Checklist (Cont)Checklist (Cont)

• Checklist Cont:Checklist Cont:

122122

TEA PAM 55-19 TEA PAM 55-19

• App B:App B: Tracked and Wheeled Tracked and Wheeled Armored VehiclesArmored Vehicles

• App A:App A:. Trucks and Trailers. Trucks and Trailers

• Distribute check lists for tie-Distribute check lists for tie-down procedures on page 34 down procedures on page 34 and for 40000-series Flatcarsand for 40000-series Flatcars

• App C:App C: MHE & Construction MHE & Construction Equip. & Non-VehiclesEquip. & Non-Vehicles

123123

Trucks up to 80,000 lbs --Trucks up to 80,000 lbs --Chain Tie-down IllustrationChain Tie-down Illustration

- Alloy SteelAlloy SteelChain 3/8” and ½”Chain 3/8” and ½”

- TEA PAM TEA PAM 55-19 55-19 App A App A page A-2page A-2

124124

Final Inspection Final Inspection

• The rail representative The rail representative is the final approvingis the final approving authority for accepting authority for accepting rail loads.rail loads.

• Final inspection is made after the railcarsFinal inspection is made after the railcars are loaded to ensure that the contents are are loaded to ensure that the contents are loaded, blocked and braced in complianceloaded, blocked and braced in compliance with AAR loading rules.with AAR loading rules.

125125

Intransit Visibility Intransit Visibility

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-2Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-2

MSLMSL ReaderReader TC-AIMS IITC-AIMS II

ITV Regional ServerITV Regional Server

126126

Unloading Unloading

• Railcars off-loaded promptly at POE to allow return Railcars off-loaded promptly at POE to allow return for further use and to avoid demurrage or detention for further use and to avoid demurrage or detention charges (usually within 48 hrs)charges (usually within 48 hrs)

Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-4 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-4Ref: FM 4-01.011,p.3-4 and FM 3-35.4, p.H-4

• Units must remove Units must remove blocking, dunnage and blocking, dunnage and banding from unloaded banding from unloaded cars before release to the cars before release to the carriercarrier

127127

SUMMARYSUMMARY

128128

QUESTIONS ???QUESTIONS ???

129129


130130

Question 1: Question 1: What is the procedure used in the What is the procedure used in the “circus loading” of unit equipment on railcars?“circus loading” of unit equipment on railcars?

Answer 1: Answer 1: The “circus loading” method uses The “circus loading” method uses flatcars as a roadbed with spanners between the flatcars as a roadbed with spanners between the railcars. Vehicles are loaded from the rear most railcars. Vehicles are loaded from the rear most railcar and then moved forward to their assigned railcar and then moved forward to their assigned locations.locations.


131131

Answer 2: Answer 2: AAR rules require a minimum of AAR rules require a minimum of 10 inches between vehicles.10 inches between vehicles.

Question 2: Question 2: What is the minimum amount of What is the minimum amount of space that must be maintained between space that must be maintained between vehicles that are secured to the railcar deck? vehicles that are secured to the railcar deck?


132132


Answer 3: Answer 3: SDDC TEA Pam 55-19, SDDC TEA Pam 55-19, Tiedown Tiedown Handbook for Rail MovementsHandbook for Rail Movements

Question 3: Question 3: What reference provides a checklist What reference provides a checklist for loading and tying down unit equipment on for loading and tying down unit equipment on railcars?railcars?

133133

FINAL REVIEWFINAL REVIEW

134134

Next Lesson ….Next Lesson ….

135135

TAKE A BREAK!TAKE A BREAK!

Date post:	15-Jan-2016
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1 RAIL OPERATIONS 612-501-01 / 502-01 / 503-02 U M O D P C.

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