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BASIC COMPONENT OFREFERENCING

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WHAT IS REFEREN

REFERENCING- Referencing or citing is a standard practic

acknowedging infor!ation so"rces in ac -is de$ned as citing a"t%orities or s"pport fo

arg"!ent&especia' in a (ook or paper#

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)*+ ,O )E REFERENCE

. If I %a/e seen f"rt%er it is (standing on t%e s%o"ders o

giants0

Newton& I 123435

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WHY REFERENCE? de!onstrate 'o"r reading 6 researc%

acknowedge t%e so"rces t%at %a/e infor!

'o"r work ena(e t%e reader to ocate t%e infor!ation

%a/e "sed

To protect 'o"rsef fro! c%arges of pagiar

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WHAT NEEDS TO BE REFERENCE

*as it (een presented for!a' into t%e p"(ic doso!e wa'

*as it (een presented in a tangi(e for! 1Printed!ateria& t%e Internet& a p"(ic tak7ect"re etc5#

,oes so!eone %a/e an owners%ip of it 8ook for a"t%or or writer& or organi9ation& inc"ding a we(%ost

Is t%e infor!ation presented in t%e so"rce in :"eo"tside t%e rea! of ;co!!on knowedge<

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WHEN..?

To gi/e t%e so"rce of ta(es& pics& statistics and diagra!s!ig%t (e copied or %a/e (een a so"rce of idea#

)%en descri(ing a t%eor'& !ode or practice associated wpartic"ar writer#

To gi/e credi(iit' to an arg"!ent presented (' 'o"#

)%en gi/ing e!p%asis to a partic"ar idea t%at %as fo"nd!eas"re of agree!ent#

To infor! t%e reader of so"rces of direct :"otations or de

)%en parap%rasing anot%er person=s idea t%at 'o" fee ispartic"ar' signi$cant#

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Two Ee!ents of Referencin

IN- TEXT CITATION

Nor!a' > 1 a"t%or & 'ear5

REFERENCE LIST

At end of 'o"r essa' > detais at%e reso"rces 'o"?/e "sed andreferred to in 'o"r essa'#

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REFERENCING/CITATION STYLES

Some commonly used style manuals are.

1. Publicai!" #a"ual !$ %& A'&(ica" P)*c%!l!+ical A))!ciaPs'c%oog'&ed"cation and ot%er socia sciences 1a"t%or7 date5 date i!portant

. C%ica+! #a"ual !$ S*l& 1a"t%or7 date5 e!p%asis on so"rce origin& footnotes5

. #LA Ha"0b!! $!( W(i&() !$ R&)&a(c% Pa2&() ,#LA- iterat"re 6 arts a"t%ors%ip i!portant

3. T%& Ha(4a(0 )*)&' 1a"t%or7 date5

5. T%& 6a"c!u4&( )*)&' > "sed in !edica and scienti$c @o"rna 1n"!eric5

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SORCE OF REFERENCES Book

o"rna

Newspaper 7 !aga9ine

Conference paper7proceedings

Ann"a report

Instit"tiona 7 Go/ern!ent p"(ication

Eectronic so"rces- )e(site& C,-ROM& ,ata(ases

T%eses7 Reports7 "np"(is%ed works etc

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ELE#ENTS IN THE REFERENCE L

A"t%or

Tite of doc"!ent

,ate 1 'ear of p"(ication5

Pace of p"(ication

Edition

Periodicit' 1/o"!e7 iss"e7 part n"!(er5

Series

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TIPS

Deep track of e/er't%ing 'o" %a/e "sed- sco!piing 'o"r reference ist as soon as 'oreading a doc"!ent#

Make acc"rate notes to disting"is% 'o"r ow

words7 ideas fro! t%e work of ot%er peope Be consistent

It is (etter to reference too !"c% t%at not

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REFERENCES

%ttp77www#scri(d#co!7doc72432H7Apa-St'e-For!at

%ttp77www#"pce#c97@c7ing"a-ink7ak-psani7%arw#pdf

%ttps77eJpora(e#co!7in-teJt-citation

%ttp77www#nw!isso"ri#ed"7i(rar'7citing7apa#%t!

http://www.scribd.com/doc/176393180/Apa-Style-Formathttp://www.upce.cz/jc/lingua-link/ak-psani/harw.pdfhttps://explorable.com/in-text-citationhttp://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/citing/apa.htmhttp://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/citing/apa.htmhttp://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/citing/apa.htmhttps://explorable.com/in-text-citationhttps://explorable.com/in-text-citationhttp://www.upce.cz/jc/lingua-link/ak-psani/harw.pdfhttp://www.upce.cz/jc/lingua-link/ak-psani/harw.pdfhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/176393180/Apa-Style-Formathttp://www.scribd.com/doc/176393180/Apa-Style-Format