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IS 10%62' 200!1

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Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee, CED 2

FOREWORDThis Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalizedby the Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering DivisionCounciLThis standard was first published in 1982. In this first revision, the following major modifications have beenmade:

a) The title of the standard has been modif ied as 'Concre te mix proport ioning - Guidelines' from theearlier title 'Recommended guidelines for concrete mix design'.

b) The applicabi li ty of the standard has been specified for ordinary and standard concrete gntdes only.c) Various requirements have been modified in line with the requirements of IS 456 : 2000 'Plain and

reinforced concrete - Code of practice (jourth revision)'.d) The requirements for selection of water-cement ratio, water content and estimation of coarse aggregate

content and fine aggregate content have been reviewed and accordingly modified. Similarly, otherrequirements such as trial mixes, illustrative examples, etc, have also been reviewed and modified.

c) A new illus trative example of concrete mix proport ioning using fly ash as one of the ingredients hasbeen added.f) Considering that the air content in normal (non-air entrained) concrete is not of much significance in

mix proportioning procedure and is also not a part of IS 456 : 2000, the consideration of air content hasbeen deleted.

Concrete has become an indispensable construction material.According to the present state-of-the-art, concretehas bypassed thestage of mere four component system, that is, cement, water, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate.It can be a combination of far more number of ingredients for example, ajudicious combination of ingredientsfrom as many as ten materia ls . In the recent past, apart from the four ingredients mentioned above, fly ash,ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk ash, metakaoline and superplasticizer are six moreingredients which are generally used in concrete produced in practice as the situation demands. Hence, it is allthe more essential at this juncture to have general guidelines on proportioning concrete mixes. The need hasbeen further augmented by the importance given to proportioned concrete mixes according to IS 456 : 2000.The objectiveofproportioning concrete mixes is to arrive at the most economical and practical combinations ofdilTerent ingredients to produce concrete that will satisfy the perfonnance requirements underspecified conditionsof use. An integral part of concrete mix proportioning is the preparation of trial mixes and effcctadjustments tosuch trials to strike a balance between the requirements of placement, that is, workabili ty and strength,concomitantly satisfying durability requirements.Concrete has 10 be of satisfactory quality both in its fresh and hardened states. This task is best accomplished bytrial mixes arrived at by the use or certain established relationships among difrcrent parameters and by analysisof data already generated thereby providing a basis for judicious combination of all the ingredients involved.The basic principles which underline the proportioning of mixes areAbram's law for strength development andLyse's rule for making mix with adequate workability for placement in a dense state soas toenable the strengthdevelopment as contemplated. From practical view point, compressive strength is often taken as an index ofacccptability. This does not necessarily satisfy the requirements of durability unless examined under specificcontext. Mix proportioning is generally carried out for a particular compressive strength requirements ensuringthat fresh concrete of the mix proportioned to possess adequate workability for placement without segregationand bleeding while attaining a dense state. In addit ion, the method has scope to consider the combination orwider spectrum of cement and mineral admixtures proposed to be used to meet the requirements of durabilityfor the type of exposure conditions anticipated in service.

(Continued on third cover)

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I S ~ ' _Indian Standard

CONCRETEMlX PROPORTIONlNG - GUIDELINES( First RevisiOfl)

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(Conrinued from second cover)Proportioning of concrete mixes can be regarded as procedure set to proportion the most economical concretemix for specified durability and grade for required sitc conditions.As a guarantor of quality of concrete in the construction, the constructor should carry out mix proportioningand the cnginecr-in-chargc should approve the mix so proportioncd. Thc method given in this standard is to beregarded as the guidelines only to arrive at an acceptable product, which satisfies the requirements ofplaeementrequired with development of strength with age and ensures the requirements of durability.This standard does not debar the adoption of any Olher methods of concrete mix proportioning.In this revision. assistance has also been derived from ACI 211.1 (Reapproved 1997) 'Standard practice forselecting proportions for nonnal, heavyweight, and mass concretc', American Concrete Institute.The composition of the Committee responsible for fonnulation of this standard is given in Annex C.For the purpose of deciding whcther a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance withIS 2: 1960 'Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)'. Thc numbcrof significant places retained in therounded off value should be thc same as that of the specified value in this standard.

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Bureau of Indian StandardsHIS is a statutory insti tution established under the Bureall of II/dian Standurd.\ Act. 1986 [0 promotcharmonious devclopmcll! of the aetivities of standardization, marking and quality ccrtification of goodsand allending 10 connected mailers in the country.Copyright

HIS has the copyright of all its publications. No pUrt of these puhlications may he reproduced in any formwithout the prior permission in writing of BIS. This docs not preclude the free usc. in the course ofimplementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Dircctor (Publications). BlS.Review of Indian StandardsAmcndments are issued to standards as the need arises on the hasis of comments. Standards arc also reviewedperiodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes arcneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of'BIS Catalogue' and 'Standards: Monthly Additions'.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: CED 2 (7288).Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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