13 Colonies

The Colonial Period

1607-1776 Overview

Questions and

Vocabulary

1.Up until 1680 most of the settlers who

came to the new world were from what

country?

2. List 3 reasons that many people left

continental Europe and came to the New

World.

Escape the path of war (over religion),

avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism

England

3. What was the population of the New

World by 1690?

4. What was the population by 1775?

_2.5 million_

5. Why was it difficult to farm in New

England?

Thin, stony soil, relatively little level

land, and long winters

¼ of a million

6. List 4 of the ways that the people of

New England made money.

Grain mills and sawmills,

shipbuilding, trade, and the cod

industry

7. Where did the people of New

England live and why did they

live there?

In villages and towns around

the harbors because many New

Englanders carried on some

kind of trade or business

8. What was being built in the

Massachusetts Bay Colony?

vessels (ships)

Why was this important?

This laid the foundation for a

trade that was to grow

rapidly

9. What was the triangular trade?

merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

10. Why was it considered

“unsavory”?

it was considered unsavory

because it was morally

wrong to purchase/own

another person

11. The people in the Middle Colonies were more than in New England.

12. Who guided Pennsylvania and was the reason it ran smoothly and grew rapidly?

William Penn

tolerant

13. What was Philadelphia?

it was the heart of Pennsylvania

14. What made it one of the most

thriving cities in the colonies?

Their talent for successful

business enterprise

15. Who were the best farmers?

Germans

16. What cottage industries were

important in the Middle

Colonies?

weaving, shoemaking,

cabinetmaking and other crafts

17. Who moved into the Middle

Colonies in the early 18th

century?

18. Describe the Scots-Irish. Tell

about them, where they settled

and how they survived.

They settled in the back country

of Pennsylvania and survived by

hunting and subsistence farming

Scots-Irish

19. What colony was a great example of

the many different nationalities that

moved to the New World?

List the other nationalities that settled

along the Hudson River.

New York

Dutch,

French, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes,

English, Scots, Irish, Germans, Poles,

Bohemians, Portuguese, and Italians

20. What city in New York became

busy with all kinds of people and

businesses?

21. How did the Southern Colonies

make their money?

lumber, tar, resin (from the long

leaf pine tree), rice, indigo,

maize, and wheat

Manhattan

22. Describe the farmers of the

Tidewater region.

they were supported by slave

labor, held most of the political

power and the best land, built

great houses, adopted an

aristocratic (power in the hands

of a few) way of life

23. ____________________________

became the leading port and

trading center in the South.

24. What did the settlers there learn

to do?

Charleston, South Carolina

to combine agriculture and

commerce

25. Which colony only grew one

crop?

26. What did North and South

Carolina grow and export?

rice, indigo, and forests/trees

Virginia

27. Who moved inland and give the

reasons why?

Germans and Scots-Irish moved

inland because they were

unwilling to live in the original

tidewater settlements, they

could not secure fertile land

along the coast, or they had

exhausted the land they held

28) Describe the frontier family. Tell

where they lived and about their

lives. They built cabins, cleared tracts

in the wilderness, cultivated maize

and wheat, the men wore leather

known as buckskin, the women wore

clothes made of cloth they spun at

home, they ate venison (deer), wild

turkey, and fish, they had great

barbeques, dances, housewarmings

for newly married couples, shooting

matches, and contests for making quilt

blankets

1. Persecuted - hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs.

2. Oppression – to keep down by the cruel or unjust use of power; rule harshly

3. Refugee – a person who flees from a country to seek shelter or safety elsewhere

4. Commerce – buying/selling of goods especially when done on a large scale between cities, states or countries

13 Colonies Vocab

13 Colonies Vocab Continued

5. Prosperity – good fortune, wealth or success

6. Export – carry or send goods to another country

7. Commodity – anything bought or sold

8. Substantial – large in amount, size or number

9. Creed – a statement of the basic belief of a religion

10. Indigent – suffering from extreme poverty

13 Colonies Vocab Continued 11. Subsistence – minimum food or shelter needed to support life

12. Predominantly – a position of power, authority or influence over others

13. Revenue – an amount of money regularly coming in

14. Oligarchy – a form of government where all power is held by a few prominent people

15. Interior – situated well inland from the coast or border

16. Tracts – an expanse or area of land, water, etc.