Microsoft Word - 13-Transport and Communications

Chapter13Transport and CommunicationsIntroductionThetechnologicaladvances

inglobal communications

and

transportation

have significantly catalysed the emergence of the global economy leading to integration of fragmented national markets of goods and services into a single globalmarket. Withthese

rapid developments, regions with adequate means of communications and transportation have grown economically and those lacking in these fields have lagged behind. The availability of an efficient transport and communications network is a pre- requisite for a meaningful economic cooperation amongst nations, particularly in the areas of trade and tourism for attracting foreign investment and realizing the potential gains from an outward oriented trade strategy.

Besides human capital (skill and education) a strong efficient and affordable means of transport and communications of the country contributes to thenationaleconomicgrowthbylowering domestic production cost, integrating markets, promoting economic opportunities and establishing links among the people. The transport and communications sector generates a large number of employment opportunities, and acts as a significant

tool in the fight against poverty. The sector is also a major contributor to governments revenue through taxes and duties on its production and imports, fees on ownership and operation of vehicles and licensing of modern communications facilities.

Sustainable economic development is dependent on a robust and low cost transport system. Enhancedexportcompetitivenessisalso contingent upon the efficient performance of the sector.Thegovernmentiscommitted

to implementing a comprehensive and modernizing transport and logistic sector through continuous reforms in all of its sub sectors.

The transport system consists broadly of roads, railways, air transport and ports shipping services.

13.1:Road TransportRoadsarethemostimportantsegmentof Pakistans transport sector. Roads carry over 96 percent of inland freight and 92 percent of passenger traffic and are undoubtedly the backbone of the economy. The current road network is about

260,000 kms catering to eleven million vehicles of all types. The Province wise distribution of roads is given in the following Table:

Table 13.1: Estimated Length of Roads in Provinces (kms)YearsCategoryPunjabSindhKPKBalochistanGB &

AJKTOTAL

2007-08Total1041158086342369294511552258350

Low Type338642630113781957950584030

High Type702515456228588198721047174320

2008-09Total1041148086342369294521552258350

Low Type329492559113409932149181761

High Type711655527228960201311061176589

2009-10Total1050858161842765297271565260760

Low Type321792499313095910348079850

177Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12Table 13.1: Estimated Length of Roads in Provinces (kms)YearsCategoryPunjabSindhKPKBalochistanGB &

AJKTOTAL

High Type729065662529670206241085180910

2010-11Total1052538062542550295001535259463

Low Type321472400013000900045078597

High Type731065662529550205001085180866

2011-12Total1064558096042975296251580261595

Low Type325902433513140912546579655

High Type738655662529835205001115181940

Source: National Transport Research Centre (NTRC)

13.1-a: National Highway AuthorityThe NHA road network is around 12,000 kms, which is merely 4.6 percent of the overall road network but it takes 80 percent of Pakistans commercial traffic. Despite overall budgetary constraints during the fiscal year, and the effects of heavy floods in 2010 and law and order challenges NHA performed well. This performance in terms, of NHA projects is summarized below:

a.Completed Projects

NHA has completed 12 projects of flyovers,

bridges, interchanges and road up gradation during the last one year at a cost of Rs 19.6 billion.

b. Ongoing Projects

At present, 46 development projects on roads covering 2,985 kms are ongoing at a cost Rs 245 billionindifferentsections/packages.These projects include construction of roads, river bridges, tunnels, flyovers, interchanges. Province wise break up of these projects is given below:

Table 13.2: Province wise break up of NHA ProjectsProvinceProjectsRoad length (Km)Cost (Rs. Billion)

1Punjab1431548.2

2Sindh1371459.5

3KPK, GB & AJK1273873.1

4Balochistan7121864.5

Total462985245.3

Source: NHAc.New Development Projects

During the financial year, NHA has launched/ awarded 16 new development projects covering a length of above 500 kms including construction of

a number of bridges, flyovers and interchanges costing Rs. 70,951 million. NHA is simultaneously constructing 12 bridges across the rivers. These are; on river Chenab 4, on rivers Sutlej 2, on river Swan 1 and on river Indus 5.

Box12011 Pakistan Floods Preliminary Damages and Needs Assessment Survey. Report Jointly Prepared by the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank.Pakistan experienced severe flooding after torrential monsoon rains hit southern Sindh and the adjoining areas of Punjab and north-eastern Balochistan in August 2011. Floods caused severe damage to infrastructure in the affected areas, coupled with the damages of 2010 floods that were still in the recovery phase, the losses in transport and communication sector are estimated at Rs. 26,468 million.

Transport and CommunicationsThe damages in the transport and communications sector involve various categories of roads, railways, bridges, and178Transport and Communicationstelecommunications infrastructure. Preliminary estimates indicate that approximately 8,385 km of the road network and 190 km of railway lines were damaged by the flood including bridges and allied structures. Most of the damages are on provincial highways and district roads in Sindh. Out of the estimated total damage and losses, the road subsector sustained the highest damage and losses of $299 million, followed by the railway subsector losses amounting to $3 million. The floods have impaired the road conditions which will continue to deteriorate faster if repairs, rehabilitation and restoration works remain deferred for a longer period. The indirect losses due to damage in the road sector would cause an increase in the road user cost during a phased recovery period.

The telecommunication infrastructure losses includes damages to cellular sites, exchange centers, equipment, power system and supporting civil works amounting to $1.9 million.

Recovery and Reconstruction NeedsThe reconstruction needs of the sector have been estimated at $ 388 million, including $ 5 million for railways and excluding $ 2 million required in the telecommunication subsector as these were private assets with insurance coverage. Most of the reconstruction needs are in the road subsector amounting $ 383 million. The recovery strategy varies across each subsector based on the nature of the responsible agency and the importance of the infrastructure. For telecommunications, the private sector operations have mobilized and repairs carried out and telecom services restored. For roads, diversion routes were created and services restored. Emergency repairs on railway lines have been undertaken. As a short term measure, the National Highways Authority (NHA) has tasked the regional maintenance units to undertake the emergent works through pre-qualified contractors and using proceeds of the annual road maintenance funds. All reconstruction costs for railways and 10 percent of the road reconstruction costs are included in the short-term recovery phase for works to be completed within 12 months. The remaining road reconstruction will require careful prioritization to ensure efficient utilization of available resources since most of the restoration works are not complex and thinly spread across wider geographic area.

13.2Pakistan RailwaysAn effective railway system of the country facilitatescommerce

and

trade,reduces transportation cost

and

promotes

rural development and national integration. Pakistan Railways has entered into the Public-Private Partnership business in;

Passenger

Trains, Rehabilitationof

Locomotives,

Management Operation of Terminal Facilities including Dry Ports. The Ministry of Railways has also adopted a TrackAccess

Policyfor

private

sector participation to operate freight and passenger trains on Pakistan Railways infrastructure. The Ministry of Railways is also in process of allowing private sector to operate on Pakistan Railways network under Public Private Partnership (PPP) frame work.

The Ministry of Railways has also created a Real Estate Development and Marketing Company as subsidiary of Ministry of Railways. The company will manage to commercialize the surplus lands of Pakistan Railways in order to overcome its financial challenges. In addition to the above, six factories including Locomotive Factory Risalpur,

Carriage Factory Islamabad, and four Concrete Sleeper Factories in Kohat, Khanewal, Sukkur and Kotri,arebeingcorporatizedfor eventual privatization subjecttoapproval

ofthe government.

Restructuring of Pakistan RailwaysThe Cabinet Committee of Restructuring (CCOR) has approved a restructuring framework for Pakistan Railways. New Board of Directors of PR has been constituted by including academia, management

professionals,

rail expertsand executivefunctionaries.

Theprocess for recruitment of a professional Chief Executive Officer and other technocrats is being undertaken. Repair of locomotives has been given a priority for restorationof

Railwayservices

andfreight operations are also being prioritized for revenue generation. Financial viability is being ensured through improving revenue and support by GOP. It has been decided that adjustment of fares and freight pricing will be determined according to market conditions and cost of doing business. An asset management company is being established for optimum utilization of PRs assets. Private Sector involvement is the focus moving forward,

179Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12Chamber of Commerce and Industries, Lahore has been engaged for their freight transportation from Karachi to Lahore. Commercial management of

Table 13.3: Railways Passenger Traffic and Freight

railoperationsandoutsourcingofnoncore functions is being initiated with an aim to improve efficiency of rail operations.

S. No.Subject2009-20102010-2011July-Feb 2012

1.Number of Passenger carried

(Million)74.964.925.0

2.Passenger Traffic KM (Rs. Million)23522.520618.816810.2

3.Freight carried Tones (Rs. Million)5.82.60.9

4.Freight Tones Km (Rs. Million)4846.91757.3279.3

5.Route Km7791.07791.07791.0

6.Freight Wagons16499.018464.017698.0

7.Gross Earning (Rs. Million)21,886.918,739.99359.0

Source: Ministry of RailwaysAchievements during the Fiscal YearTrack: During the last financial year, 16 kms of track was rehabilitated on the Pakistan Railways network besides doubling of more than 15 kms of track.Service Buildings: Construction of D Class railway station at new Multan city was carried out at a cost of Rs. 39.8 million which has facilitated the local population to a large extent. Renovation of Khudian Khas, Usmanwala, Raiwind and Kanganpur railway stations was carried out at a cost of Rs. 24.0 million to improve facilities for the passengers.

Signaling: Signaling system of four railway stations damaged during the riots of 2007 was rehabilitated during the period.

Rolling Stock: During February of the current fiscal year, 52 new design passenger coaches were imported from China at a cost of Rs. 4.1 billion. Remaining150passenger coacheswillbe manufacturedat PakistanRailwayCarriage Factory Islamabad by June 30, 2013. In addition,

22 passenger coaches have been rehabilitated at the Pakistan Railway Carriage Factory Islamabad during last year.

Establishment of new Dry Port: A new dry port was set up at Prem Nagar near Raiwind industrial area, Lahore through Public Private Partnership at a cost of Rs. 494.0 million.

Table 13.4: Earning of Pakistan Railways(Rs. Million)

Source: Ministry of Railways

13.3 Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)A restructuring plan of PIA has been finalized which addresses corporate governance, human resource rationalization, financial and operational restructuring,

engineering

improvement, procurement and logistics, marketing and fleet, airport services and dispatch reliability among others. Increased fuel cost has been a major downside risk to the financial strength of PIA; and, effective measures have been put in place to mitigate the

effect.Various

other

cost minimization and revenue enhancement measures have been put in place to reduce the revenue- expenditure gap in the medium term. Fleet renewal andaddition is

being

planned.Route rationalization, code sharing and alliances are being pursued for moving to a new business model. Dispatch reliability will be improved through various initiatives including expansion of reliability system, use of reliability tools and standardizeddataexchange on

maintenance. StrategicBusiness

Units(SBUs)

are being established for outsourcing of non-core functions of PIA. Rationalization of employment in PIA is being addressed through attrition and no new

180Transport and Communicationshiring is being undertaken except for operational staff. A financial restructuring plan has been finalized which includes equity injection, rollover of loan and government guaranteed loans among others. A holistic view needs to be developed for revitalization of PIA entailing industry dynamics, aviation policy and strategic needs. This is the focus of the government.

Pakistan International Airlines Corporation earned increased revenue amounting to Rs. 116.02 billion in year 2011 as compared to 107 billion last year. Passenger revenue increased upto Rs. 7.76 million. New destinations including Zahedan and Madina also added in increasing the revenue.

A purchase agreement of five Boeings 777 has been signed. Chairman PIAC inaugurated the state of the art PIA Boeing-777 Flight Simulator installed at the PIA Training Centre, Karachi on October 30, 2011. The acquisition of this full flight simulatorhasresultedinimprovedtraining standards, better coordinated crew scheduling and planning.

Following new destinations have been introduced during the year 2011:

Karachi Madina

(Twice weekly with B747/A310 w.e.f July 2011)

Quetta Zahedan

(Twice weekly with ATR w.e.f Jan 2011)

Following new routes were introduced during the year 2011.

Peshawar - Kuala Lumpur

Sialkot Riyadh & Sialkot - Dammam.

Table 13.5: PIA PerformanceSource: PIA

* : PIA Data is on calendar year basis

13.4Ports and Shipping13.4 (a) Karachi Port Trust (KPT)The Karachi Port Trust (KPT) came into being under the 1886 Act. With a 11.5 kilometers long approach channel, a depth of 12 meters and a turning basin of 600 meters, the Karachi Port provides safe navigation for vessels up to 75,000 metric tones deadweight. The KPT consists of two wharves; the East and West Wharf. The East wharf has 17 multipurpose berths and the West Wharf has 13 berths. Each of the Wharves has two dedicated container terminals and oil piers to handle liquid cargo. The KPT handled 27.8 million tones of cargo during the first 9 months of the current fiscal year. The data on cargo handled during the last five years is given in the following table:

Table 13.6: Cargo Handled at Karachi Port(000 M/Tones)PeriodImportsExportsTotal

2007-0825,51711,67637,193

2008-0925,36713,36538,732

2009-1027,89213,52841,420

2010-1128,58912,84341,432

2011-12(Jul-Mar)19,1968,58627,782

Source: Karachi Port Trust181Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-1213.4 (b) Pakistan National ShippingCorporationShipping is a highly competitive market driven industry; its profitability is dependent on optimum utilization of vessels, strict cost controls and maximization in cargo lifting. The economic downturn has affected every sector of the maritime industry and the PNSC was no exception. Despite this PNSC remained profitable during the period under review. The Commercial performance of the PNSC translated into financial gains. The PNSC remained profitable during the first nine months of fiscal year 2011-12.

The consolidated revenue of the PNSC Group during July-March 2011-12 were Rs. 6640 million.

One dry Combi vessel was sold for demolition as it had completed its useful commercial life. The Commercial and Financial performance of the PNSC (un-audited) from July-March 2011-12 is given in the following tables.

Table 13.7: Commercial Performance(In Metric Tons)

Source: PNSC

Table 13.8: Financial Performance(Rs. in 000)

The Corporation intends to acquire four vessels on commercial loan / joint venture-basis. Acquisition of two vessels is in process, while two more will be acquired in next financial year.

13.4 (c) Gwadar PortThe Gwadar Port was inaugurated on the 20th of March, 2007 and started commercial operations from March 2008. The government has decided to import all bulk cargo comprising of Urea, Wheat and Coal through Gwadar Port. The total cargo handled at the port up till now is 4.1 million tones. Gwadar Port has earned total revenue since its start of operation amounting to Rs. 53.4 million.

13.4 (d) Port Qasim AuthorityPort Qasim Authority was established in 1973 as a second deep sea port of Pakistan. Port Qasim caters around 40 percent shipping requirements of the country. PQA handled a cargo volume of 19.7 million tones during July-March 2011-12. The volume of import cargo during July-March 2011-

12 stood at 14.7 million tones, while the exports handled during the same period was 4.9 million tones.Table 13.10: Cargo Handled at Gwadar Port(000 Tones)

Source: Gwadar Port Authority

Source: PNSC

Table 13.9: PNSC-Fleet Deadweight Tonnage(In MT)

Table- 13.11: Cargo Handled at Port Qasim(00 Tones)

Source: PNSC

Source: Port Qasim Authority

182Transport and CommunicationsBox Item2Draft National Transport Policy (NTP)To address the Transport Sector issues and implement governments policies and strategies for sustainable growth, Ministry of Communications has prepared a draft National Transport Policy in consultation with all stakeholders. It covers all modes of transport sectors i.e. (i) Roads, (ii) Railways, (iii) Ports & Shipping and (iv) Aviation, NTP also includes the National Transport Corridor Improvement Program (NTCIP) to make it more productive and environment friendly. The broad objective of the draft National Transport Policy are:

To Provide safe, reliable, effective, efficient, affordable, accessible, sustainable and fully integrated transport system that will best meet the needs of freight & passenger access and mobility requirements and will be aimed at improving levels of service and cost effectiveness in a fashion that supports governments goal of increasing public welfare through economic growth, and social improvement, poverty reduction and infrastructure and development while being environmentally and economically sustainable and energy efficient.

National Trade Corridor Improvement ProgrammeNational Trade Corridor Improvement Programme (NTCIP) has been launched in the country to revamp the whole transport sector including ports, roads, railway, aviation etc. and a frame work to develop and improve the North South corridor has been formulated. The framework takes a holistic and integrated approach to reduce the cost of doing business in Pakistan by improving the trade and transport logistics chain and bringing it up to key standards. The strategy also takes into account the regional and domestic scenarios, particularly with respect to rail, road and shipping sub-sectors, enhancing regional connectivity to improve links with the Central Asian States, China, Iran, Afghanistan and India. With the development of the North-South and East West trade links, energy and industrial corridors with these states would also be developed.

Progress on Studies in 2011-12`Study on Aviation Safety Audit by Civil Aviation Authority/Ministry of Defence has been completed

`Work is underway for preparing a Ports Master Plan by the Ministry of Ports & Shipping with the help of international consultants.

`Study on Financial Restructuring of Pakistan Railways is ongoing while consultancy firm is being hired for preparation of Pre-Feasibility of Peshawar-Jalalabad Railway Link

`Pakistan Railways Revitalization Strategy (PRRS) has been prepared for the approval of Cabinet

`The Trucking Policy approved in October 2007 is being updated

`Procurement of consultants is on fast track for preparing an Implementation Strategy for the Trucking Policy.13.5CommunicationsThe 21st century can safely be named the IT Century as no institution can run without the help of IT in the future. The advancement of IT has broughtenormousbenefitstoindividuals, businesses and organization. The world has developed into an information economy and the application of new technologies has become the centerpiece of activities.

RapiddevelopmentofInformationand Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and its adoption is now a prerequisite for making national progress in the economy and in daily life as well. Modernization and development of telecom infrastructure has been correlated with increase in economic activities. The Information Technology (IT) revolution is probably the most important force shaping communities today.

183Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12country stood at 68.3 percent showing 6.7 percent

Fig-13.2: Cellular Subscribers120.0

94.3 99.2

108.89

118.32

growth as compared to the previous year. Since the

100.0

88.0

mobile sector contributes over 95 total teledensity of the country,

percent to an increase

the in

80.0

63.2

mobile penetration from 60.4 percent in 2010-11 to64.9 percent in 2011-12 resulted in improvement of 4.3 percentage points in total teledensity. Fixed Local Loop teledensity has been declining over the years due to mobile substitution and today it stands

60.040.0

20.0

-

33.9

at 1.93 percent in 2011-12 as compared to

2.1percent percent.

last year showing a decrease of 0.17Wireless Local Loop subscribers have

Source: PTAbeen increasing but

the proportionate rise in

Cellular Market Sharepopulation keeps the teledensity of WLL servicesat 1.6 percent over the last three consecutive years.

The

mobile market over the

years has become

more

stable due to intense competition.

Market

Fig-13.1: TeledensityLocal Loop

(71.66)

operators with almost insignificant changes over the year. At the end of March 2012, Mobilink had80.0070.00

Cellular Mobile

(58.80)

(64.10) (68.3)1.811.93

a market share of 30.25 percent followed byWireless Local Loop

(61.99)60.00

(45.02)3.04

2.172.70

2.1

Telenor with 24.80 percent and Ufone with 19.54percent.

30.00

3.3722.20

40.90

54.70

58.22 60.4

Fig-13.3: Cellular Subscribers Market ShareMarch 12Zong10.000.00

0.661.081.401.601.6

1.61.65

Warid

13.24%

Mobilink

30.25%2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Mar-12

12.17Source: PTA

Cellular Mobile Sectorand business environment during

the last fiscal

Telenor

24.80%year due to taxes, power crisis, security situation,

Ufoneextensive

subscriber

andnaturalcalamities.

19.54%Despite

all these factors, the cellular industry

Source: PTAmanaged

to double

its growth

rate from

the

Network Coverageprevious

fiscal year.

According

to the WorldEconomicForumsGlobal

Information

One of the key indicators of

a successful and

Technology Report 2010-11, Pakistan ranks no. 1

advanced cellular

market is

the geographical

in the Internet and

Telephony Competition. The

coverage of land

area by the cellular

mobiletotal of mobile subscribers reached 118.3 million at the end of March 2012.

operators in the country. Pakistan has a uniquetopography ranging from steep mountains to raging deserts. Despite such difficult terrain, more than 92 percent of the land area is under the umbrella of cellular mobile services a laudable effort by the

184Transport and Communicationsmobile companies.

At the end

of March 2012,

Long Distance Internationalthere are 33,027 cell sites across Pakistan.

Long Distance and International (LDI) is anotherpillar

of Pakistan telecom sector, responsible forFig-13.4: Total Cell Sites

carrying international traffic to and from Pakistan.33,027

LDI

licenseesareresponsibleforreceiving35,000

28,159

30,126

31,303

international traffic from other countries

and30,000

handing these over to their respective LL/mobile25,000

21,518

operatorfornation-widelongdistance

andinternational telephony service. PTA awarded 1413,725

licenses for Long Distance

and International15,00010,0005,000

services and currently 13 of them are operational. PTCL is the largest LDI operator in the country as it also owns the international backhaul of Pakistan.

02006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Mar-12

The other major

players include Link

Direct,

Source: PTA

lower

tariffs and

availability

of internationalBasic ServicesBasic Services comprising of Local Loop (fixed

connectivity through fiber optic and satellite links. During 2011 total international traffic (Incoming + Outgoing) stood at 5,126 million minutes.

and wireless) and

Long Distance Internationalservices

form the

basis of telecommunication

Fig- 3.6: LDI International Incoming andOutgoing TrafficinfrastructureofPakistan.The

technological

6000

International incoming Traffic

(5,126)impact

on Fixed Local Loop

business since

5000

International Outgoing Traffic

(3,751)

(4,323)maintenance requirement shifted

consumer focus

4000

(2,409)

(2,871)

3,934from fixed to wireless services. The figure below

shows the declining trend in local loop subscribers, especially FLL services over the years. By the end

30002000

1,609

1,872

2,628

3,092

subscribers reached 5.93 million all over Pakistan. Out of total 5.93 million subscribers 3.10 million

800

0

991,123

1,2311,192

belong to FLL and 2.83million to WLL.

Oct-Dec 10 Jan-Mar 11 Apr-Jun 11 Jul-Sep 11 Oct - Dec 11Source: PTA

Fig-13.5: Local Loop Subscribers

WLLFLL

Broadband7.006.005.00

(5.60)(6.14)(6.08)1.162.622.66

(5.72)(5.93)2.702.83

more than 150 percent on average for the last four years. Such an astounding growth rate highlights the tremendous potential in Pakistans broadband4.00

market. Broadband

subscribers

have crossed the3.00

4.44

one million mark

in 2011 with the highest net

2.001.000.00

3.533.423.023.102007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Dec - 11

additions in a year. According to the latest market

data, Broadband subscribers reached 1.9 million at

percent.

185Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12Fig-13.7: Broadband SubscribePenetration2,200,000Subscribers2,000,000

1.10

1.20

Telecom RevenueRevenue of the telecom sector reached an all time high during the 2012, standing at Rs. 363 billion.

1,800,0001,600,000

Penetration

0.88

1.00

Telecom revenue

showed an

increase of 5.41,400,0001,200,000

0.55

1,912,152

0.800.60

percent as compared to the previous year. In linewith the teledensity, the cellular sector also has the

1,000,000

highest share in telecom revenue. During

2011,800,000600,000400,000

45,153

0.11

0.25

900,648 1,491,491

0.400.20

cellular revenue increased by 11 percent to reach

Rs. 262,761 million as compared to Rs. 236,047

200,000

0.03

168,082413,809

million

in the previous year.

The rise in

total

--telecom revenue

is mainly

attributed to the

Source: PTA

increase in revenue of mobile services only since

the rest of the services except WLL have reported decrease in their total revenue. During the first two

quarters of 2012,

Rs. 197,686

million worth ofTelecom Economy

revenue has been generated by the telecom sector.

The Telecom sector

is an important contributor

Fig-13.9: Telecom Revenue (Rs. Million)44,212 362,935depositing over Rs. 100 billion on average each

400,000

333,809year to

the National Exchequer.

The Telecom

350,000

235,613

278,550sector made its highest ever contribution to

the

300,000national

exchequer in 2011 as

almost Rs.

117

250,000

194,562

197,686billion were deposited by the telecom companies showing 7 percent growth during 2011. During the

200,000150,000first two

quarters of 2012, Rs. 58.1 billion have

100,000been deposited to the national exchequer.

50,000Fig-13.8: Telecom Contribution to Exchequer

-2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Jul-Dec2012OthersPTA DepositsActivation TaxGST

(117.

Source: PTA

120.0

(100.1) (111.6)

(112.1) (109.1)0)

Telecom Investment100.080.060.040.0

37.0

9.7

17.6

37.0

10.9

19.2

39.3

9.2

14.2

44.9

13.6

6.6

45.2

12.0

7.2

(58.1)27.9

require a continued investment stream into the telecom sector. Although companies have invested over US$ 12 billion in building of infrastructure and other projects in the last six years, there is no denying the fact that there are untouched lands and

52.6

2.2

3.9

grey

areasthat

needneworimproved20.0

36.344.6

49.444.0

infrastructure. Most of the telecom companies have24.1

established their infrastructure

and expanded to

0.0

every

nook and corner of the country. However,2006-07 2007-08

2008-09 2009-10

2010-11 Jul - Dec11

due to the terrain/security situation, companies are

Source: PTA

reluctant to invest

fact has worked

further. PTA recognizing this

out with both operators andNote: PTA's contributions comprise of all its receipts including Initial and

Annual License Fee, Annual Spectrum Administrative Fee, USF and R&D Fund

UniversalService

Fund(USF)to

make

Contributions, Numbering Charges, License

Others include custom duties, WH Tax and other taxes.

Application Fee,

etc.

investments in areas where there is no telecom

service. In 2011, the telecom sector invested US$495.8 million; with the cellular mobile sector being186Transport and Communicationsthe major contributor. In addition USF invested Rs.

3.5 billion during the 2011.

ForeignDirectInvestmentbythetelecom companies is more than 30 percent of the total FDI in the country during the last six years. As in the

improved economic condition of the country will further encourage investors to bring capital into Pakistan.

Fig-13.10: Foreign Direct Investmentinvestment scenario explained above, telecom companies reduced FDI because they have already laid down the required infrastructure. In 2011, telecom sector attracted over US$ 79 million FDI in the country which is about 5 percent of the total FDI in Pakistan in 2011.

6,0005,0004,0003,000

3521

5140

5410

3720

FDI in Telecom

Total FDI

2199Analysis of investment and FDI clearly reveals that the telecom sector of Pakistan needs an influx of new investment in the near future to boost these

2,0001,0000

1,9051,824

1,439

815

37479

1574figures. The auction of 3G licenses is expected, that will bring more FDI into the country. An

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11Source: PTA

Table 13.12: Telecom InvestmentUS$ (Million)2005-062006-072007-082008-092009-102010-11

Cellular1,420.92,584.52,337.71,229.75908.8358.6

LDI50.5602.8403.9276.75183.1108.8

LL0.340.6342.157.3722.518.2

WLL259.4747.052.882.1123.010.2

Total1,731.13,974.83,136.41,645.91,137.5495.8

Source: PTARegulatory Intervention by PTASpectrum Auction for 3G & DefunctInstaphone LicenseThe Government of Pakistan announced spectrum auction for 3G and Instaphone license on 24th November 2011. The Ministry of Information Technology issued a policy directive to PTA with the objective of redefining the policy framework and setting guiding principles for the auction of 3G frequency leading to introduction of relevant services. Itwas announced bythe Federal government that the auction would be transparent and competitive; the allocation will be neutral; and, usable for any available or upcoming technology. Similarly the auction of three blocks of 10 Mhz each, out of currently available 3G spectrum (1.9

GHz/2.1Ghz band), shall be announced by PTA. The license of defunct Instaphone along with allocated frequency will also be auctioned.

WLL Spectrum Auction in 1.9 GHz and 3.5GHz Frequency BandDuring the de-regulation of the telecom sector in

2004-05, significant portion of the frequency spectrum in 1.9 GHz and 3.5 GHz bands was auctioned for WLL licensees. However, with unprecedented growth of wireless broadband services and introduction of new players in the market, it became imperative for the government to allocatemorespectrumresourcestoWLL operators. In this regard, PTA has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the auction of the WLL spectrum as per guidelines provided in the Policy Directive issued by Ministry of IT on 16th December 2011 for spectrum auction of available frequency in 1.9 GHz and 3.5 GHz. The Information Memorandum for WLL auction is available on the PTA website. The base price for

3.5 GHz band is set at USD 28.2 million (covering all telecom regions) and the base price for 1.9 GHz

187Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12band is set at USD 88.75 million (covering all telecom regions).

Mobile BankingIntroduction of efficient mobile banking services in the country can utilize the strengths of mobile networks to provide financial services to the large unbanked (rural, poor) population as well as increase the overall efficiency of the banking sector in Pakistan.The State Bank of Pakistan introduced the Branchless Banking Regulations in March 2008. Subsequently, the Ministry of IT issued the Policy Directive (May 2008) to support the technical implementation of mobile banking in the country. The government under the Policy Directive states that a relevant telecom sector policy framework is required to complement SBP Branchless BankingRegulations.For implementation of this Policy Directive, PTA draftedtheThird

Party ServiceProviders (Branchless Banking) Regulations 2011.

In order to provide an enabling regulatory environmentand develop cooperationfora simplified mobile banking framework that can allow license holders to take on branchless banking activity and harness the full potential of such services,thePakistan Telecommunication Authority and the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on 11th January, 2012. With this MoU, both the institutions have

showntheirinterest

and

commitment in stimulating the mobile banking services in the country. The SBP and PTA would act as facilitators for third party service providers for mobile banking in Pakistan.

Cellular Mobile Network Quality ofServices Regulations, 2011To ensure that mobile operators maintain quality of service the PTA has prepared the Cellular Mobile Network Quality of Services (QoS) Regulations,

2011. These regulations apply to all cellular mobile operators and identify the minimum quality of service standards and associated measurement, reporting and record keeping tasks (except packet switchedorGPRS/EDGEservices).The Regulations have been gazette notified.

GPRS/EDGE Service Quality of ServiceRegulations, 2010In order to maintain Mobile cellular Quality of Service, Pakistan Telecom Authority prepared GPRS/EDGE Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) followingthe

international

standards

and consulting the industry. Further these KPIs have beenincorporatedintheregulations.These regulations are applicable to all cellular mobile communication service licensees for the purpose of laying down quality of service parameters for GPRS/EDGEservices,

to

ensureconsumer satisfaction in line with the criterion determined by the Authority from time to time.

Table 13.13: Pakistan Telecommunication Subscribers Category(Nos.)YearsFLL SubscribersWLL SubscribersMobile PhonesBroadbandSubscribers

2007-084,548,3501,155,18888,019,812168,082

2008-093,526,6342,617,61694,342,030413,809

2009-103,419,2712,659,82499,185,843688,373

2010-113,016,8522,704,873108,894,5181,491,491

Jul-March

2011-123,098,1172,968,813118,316,9161,912,152

Source: PTA

13.6Electronic Media13.6 (a) Pakistan Electronic Media RegulatoryAuthorityTheelectronicmediainPakistan,remained dominated, since independence, by the state-run Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation and Pakistan

Television. Pakistan Television was launched in November 1964. As access to diverse sources of information was limited and people could not keep abreast of the rapidly growing developments around them, the government in 2002 opened up the electronic media to the private sector in the country. Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory

188Transport and CommunicationsAuthority (PEMRA) as a statutory body was set up with a view to facilitate through licensing and to regulate the growth of the electronic media in the private sector. PEMRA is mandated for regulating the establishment and operation of all broadcast mediathatissatelliteTV,FMradioand distribution services like Cable TV, DTH (Direct To Home), IPTV (Internet Protocol TV), Mobile TV etc. in the country.

Economic ContributionInvestment friendly policies of the government have been conducive to the development of the electronic media industry in the private sector. According to estimates there has been a cumulative investment of approximately U.S. dollar 2.5 billion in the electronic media industry in Pakistan. New jobs to more than 200,000 people of diversified skills and qualifications have been provided. In addition,over7millionpeoplehavebeen accommodated through indirect employment. With the current growth rate of more than seven percent per annum, it is estimated that the cumulative

investment in the electronic media industry will reach above $ 3.0 billion by the end of the current financial year. This expansion in investment would in turn have a multiplier effect on increasing job opportunities for skilled media personnel and journalists, expanding work of media production houses, advertising agencies and proliferation of the performing arts.

Present Status of Private Electronic MediaDuring the last decade the country has witnessed a massive spurt in the number of TV channels and FM Radio stations in the private sector which is unmatched in the South Asian region. The unprecedented growth of TV channels, Cable TV and FM Radio stations has indeed contributed remarkably in raising the standards of public awareness and literacy. The massive growth which has taken place in the electronic media in the private sector in the last one decade is as follow:

Table 13.14: PEMRA PerformanceSr.No.CategoryLicenses Issued in2011-12Total Licenses Issued

i.Satellite TV Channels0689

ii.Landing Rights Permission to TV Channels1026

iii.FM Radio licenses06157

iv.Cable TV Licenses6003,000

v.Multimedia, Multi Channels

Distribution System (MMDS)--6

vi.Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)--01

vii.Mobile TV license0404

viii.Mobile Audio Licenses0202

Source: PEMRA13.6-(b) Pakistan Television CorporationLimited (PTV)PTV has launched Sports Channel on 11-01-2012. To eliminate the disparity and uplift the socio- economic conditions PTV is gradually extending its signals in remote and economically backward areas. Prime Minister inaugurated the Rebroadcast Station at Bhimber on 12-03-2012 RBS in Neela- But, Jura, Athmaqam, Karan, Dhudhnial, Sharda , Kel and Mirpur, Palandri are in progress. RBS at Badin is in progress and National News Bureau at Larkana is almost completed. Prime Minister

inaugurated TV Centre at Multan on 30-12-2011. RBS at Besham and Kohat are ready for inauguration; RBCs at Buneer, Kund Bangla and Pooran are in progress. RBCs at Kharan, and Bar Khan are in progress. RBS Chilas, Gahkuch, Khaplu, Shigar are ready for inauguration and RBS at Aliabad/Karimabad, Jaglot/Bunji and Astore are in progress. PTV will launch English channel shortly. In fiscal year 2011-12 TV sets were 12,252 million in the country.

189Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-1213.6-(c) Pakistan Broadcasting CorporationPakistan Broadcasting Corporation is the largest radio network in the country with a listenership larger than all private radio channels in the country. Its mission is to entertain and educate people through music programmes, features and plays.Following are the prominent services of PBC:-

`National Broadcasting Services was launched on 28th August, 2008. NBS has seventeen hours daily transmission from 7 am to 12 midnight. The programmes are originated from Islamabad and provincial capitals.

`PBC World Service broadcasts daily Urdu programmes of 8 hours and 30 minutes duration for the audience living abroad.

`PBC External Services, broadcast programmes for 8 hrs daily in 11 foreign languages covering Afghanistan, Iran, China, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka.

`CentralProductionUnits(CPU)produce music, drama, features, documentaries and programmes for special occasions. CPU has over 2 million minutes recording in its archives which are being digitized.

`PakistanBroadcastingCorporationhas established different FM Stations to cater to the infotainment and educational needs of listeners in their respective languages all over the country.

`These stations are broadcasting programmes in their respective local/regional languages and in Urdu with a ratio of 70/30 respectively. Total broadcast hours of these FM Stations are 260 hours daily.

`PBC News is putting on air 117 News bulletins daily.Theseinclude National,Regional, External and Local News bulletins besides resume of National Assembly and Senate. In addition PBC news launched the broadcast of FATA News, special news bulletins from PBC Hyderabadon

rain/floodsituationand ongoing rescue and relief activities in Urdu and Sindhi languages.

`PBC has nine approved development projects in hand for which an amount of Rs. 217.7 million has been allocated in 2012. The details of these projects are given below:-

1Balancing and Modernization of equipment.

22 X 100 KW SW transmitters and HF

aerial system Landhi Karachi.

3Up-gradation of PBC Larkana from 10KW Medium Wave to 100 KW MW

transmitter.

4Replacement of 100 KW MW transmitters at Multan, Hyderabad & Muzaffarabad.

5Establishment of PBA and IT Centre at

Lehtrar Road, Islamabad.

6100 KW MW transmitter at Gwadar.

7Establishment of 47 FM Radio Stations all over Pakistan.

8Replacement of 100 KW MW with 400

KW Medium Wave transmitter Peshawar under USAID programme.

9Replacement of 10 KW MW with 100 KW MW transmitters D.I. Khan under USAID programme and shifting of Broadcasting House.

10 Installation of 100 KW MW transmitter and BH at Turbat.

13.7 The Pakistan PostTo provide trust worthy, efficient and time sensitive services to the customers, Pakistan Post has offered full blend of Express Mail and Financial Services. It provides services through a network of 12,035 (1,797 urban and 10,238 rural) post offices across the country. Some salient achievements of the Post Office department are given below:

Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP)Complete web-based tracking and monitoring system for disbursement of funds for Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) has evolved that includes continuous processing, monitoring and reconciliation of the specialized money orders scheme. During the 1st nine months of the current

190Transport and Communicationsfiscal year (July-March) total 8,621,193 BISP Money Orders along with required funds for Rs.17,242.4 million were received from BISP authorities, out of which 97 percent Money Orders amounting to Rs.16,642.0 million have been paid within prescribed period of time.

Western Union Money Remittances BusinessDuring the first nine months of current fiscal year (July-March), Pakistan Post has received the foreign remittances amounting of Rs. 9,247.9 million.

Establishment of Small & Smart ExpressCentersTo provide quality services to the customers, 55

Small and Smart Express Centers have been set up in the urban areas. These Express Centers are fully computerizedandautomatedandcaterthe requirements of the public. These canters facilitate the customers, particularly in trade, commerce and

business. The services offer in these centers

include: Urgent Mail Service, urgent Money Order Service, Expedited Mail Service, Fax Mail, Fax Money orders, Payment of incoming foreign remittances through Western Union, Acceptance of Utility Bills, Traditional Services, Booking of Inland and Foreign Parcels.

Achievements of Saving BankPakistan Post has been doing Saving Bank work as an agency function on behalf of the Ministry of Finance under the government Savings Bank Act-

1873 on commission basis. During the period July- March 2011-12 an amount of Rs. 160,266.9 million has been collected through National SavingsSchemesandearnedcommission amounting to Rs. 801.3 million during this period.

Postal Life InsuranceTotal Policies are 382,019, for a sum assured Rs.

49,507.9 million and a Premium Income is Rs.

1,993.8 million.

ComputerizationCounter Automations SystemOver one hundred General Post Offices including renovated post offices through out Pakistan have beenprovidedwithcountercomputerization facilities for the better service quality to the customers through a LAN based system.

Computerized Pension Payment SystemOver 1.4 million Civil and Military pensioners are being served by Pakistan Post about 1.3 million pensioners has been disbursing pension from Pakistan Post. The pensioners are receiving the pension in a hassle free environment. Pakistan Post is also disbursing pension to over 40,000 PTCL pensioners. Pakistan Post has also developed a separate system for PTCL pension disbursement.

ConclusionWiththe continuing expansionof

the transportation

and

communication

sector throughout the country, Pakistan is preparing for the future in various areas from creating vast transport networks to building up a sustainable information technology infrastructure with the objective of setting the foundations for continued growth and success. Despite such challenges in areas of natural disaster recovery and difficult terrain

to

develop

upon, transportation developments have continued, and expect to expand.

Communicationsinfrastructure

has widened despite challenges with security, power outages and rough terrain in which to build upon. The cellular mobile sector has been a major contributorto

the

expanding

market for telecommunication and the various technologies that come with it, bringing the country to high standards of telecommunication structures on par with the rest of the world. This area is expected to grow at an accelerated pace due to demand, however it is important

that capital

and investments comewith it.Overall,

the transportation and communication arena remains strong, is changing, expanding and seeking to meet with the needs of Pakistans citizen.

191TABLE 13.1TRANSPORTFiscalLength in KilometersRouteNumber ofPassengersFreight carriedFreightTonneLocomo- tivesFreightWagons

YearHighLow(Kilometres)carried(Million(Kilometres(Nos.)(Nos.)

TotalTypeType(Million)Tonnes)Million)

1990-91170,82386,83983,9848,77584.907.725,70975334,851

1991-92182,70995,37487,3358,77573.307.565,96275230,369

1992-93189,32199,08390,2388,77559.007.776,18070329,451

1993-94196,817104,00192,8168,77561.728.045,93867629,228

1994-95207,645111,30796,3388,77567.708.116,71167830,117

1995-96218,345118,42899,9178,77573.656.855,07762226,755

1996-97229,595126,117103,4788,77568.806.364,60763325,213

1997-98240,885133,462107,4238,77564.905.984,44761124,275

1998-99247,484137,352110,1327,79164.905.453,96759624,456

1999-00248,340138,200110,1407,79168.004.773,75359723,906

2000-01249,972144,652105,3207,79168.805.894,52061023,893

2001-02251,661148,877102,7847,79169.005.904,57357723,460

2002-03252,168153,22598,9437,79172.406.184,83057723,722

2003-04256,070158,54397,5277,79175.706.145,33659221,812

2004-05258,214162,84195,3737,79178.186.415,53255721,556

2005-06259,021167,53091,4917,79181.436.035,91654420,809

2006-07261,821172,89188,9307,79183.896.425,45354419,638

2007-08258,350174,32084,0307,79179.997.236,17855518,638

2008-09260,200177,06083,1407,79182.546.945,89655117,259

2009-10260,760180,91079,8507,79174.935.834,84754116,499

2010-11259,463180,86678,5977,79164.902.611,75752618,464

2011-12

Jul-Mar 261,595181,94079,6557,79125.000.8927951517,698

(Contd.)

TABLE 13.1TRANSPORTCargo Handled at Karachi

Pakistan NationalShipping Corporation

Gross Earnings (Million Rs.) PakistanPNSCFiscalPort (000 tonnes)No. ofDead Wt.Railways

YearTotalImportsExportsVesselsTonnes

1990-9118,70914,7143,99528494,9566,6963,865.0

1991-9220,45315,2675,18628494,9568,2364,063.0

1992-9322,17017,2564,91429518,9539,0313,137.0

1993-9422,56917,6104,95927595,8369,1343,302.0

1994-9523,09817,5265,57215264,4109,2244,311.0

1995-9623,58118,7194,86217290,3538,3656,962.0

1996-9723,47518,3625,11315261,8179,3947,761.5

1997-9822,68417,1145,57015261,8369,8054,597.0

1998-9924,05318,3185,73515261,8369,3103,707.0

1999-0023,76118,1495,61215261,8369,5723,483.0

2000-0125,98120,0635,91814243,80211,9385,458.7

2001-0226,69220,3306,36214243,74913,3464,555.5

2002-0325,85219,6096,27313229,57914,8105,405.0

2003-0427,81321,7326,08114469,93114,6356,881.9

2004-0528,61522,1006,51514570,46618,0277,860.0

2005-0632,27025,5736,69715636,18218,1847,924.6

2006-0730,84623,3297,51715636,18219,1959,089.1

2007-0837,19225,51711,67514536,82119,97310,753.5

2008-0938,73225,36713,3641450,75023,16011,474.0

2009-1041,42027,89213,52810633,27321,8868,738.8

2010-1141,43528,58912,84611646,66618,6124,201.8

2011-12

Jul-Mar 27,782 19,196 8,586 10 628,409 9,359 6,640.0

Source: Ministry of RailwaysNational Transport Research CenterKarachi Port TrustPakistan National Shipping CorporationTABLE 13.2PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES CORPORATIONYearRouteKilometresRevenue Kilometres Flown(000)Revenue Hours FlownRevenue Passengers Carried (000)Revenue Passengers Kilometres (mln)Available Seat Kilometres (mln)Passenger Load Factor%

1992-93270,53669,377132,7755,78010,10215,73364.2

1993-94303,32169,024131,1225,64510,10815,15966.7

1994-95353,22172,544134,6835,51710,38215,84865.5

1995-96310,20574,288138,0145,39910,59216,57363.9

1996-97336,23078,796143,6865,88311,66117,52866.5

1997-98325,74473,663136,1045,53111,14716,95265.8

1998-99335,34870,697129,3795,08610,72216,75264.0

1999*332,41775,483135,1364,91410,65317,83959.7

2000*317,21376,212134,0665,29712,05618,69264.5

2001*324,81540,15865,6152,7296,3059,88563.8

2001-02291,42862,974110,1364,29010,84315,77868.7

2002-03311,15263,863108,9424,39111,27616,26469.3

2003-04294,08258,14696,7654,79612,76918,29969.8

2004-05354,66480,699131,2625,13213,63420,34867.0

2005-06343,52587,273141,6665,82815,26021,99169.4

2006-07446,57080,302141,4795,73215,12422,09268.5

2007-08383,57480,759132,4165,41513,68020,313.367.4

2008-09311,13179,580132,3785,61713,92519,528.271.3

2009*380,91780,108132,1555,53513,89119,859.070.0

2010*424,57081,588142,9405,53815,65721,219.074.0

2011460,71984,898141,7275,95315,66421,725.072.1

(Contd.)

TABLE 13.2PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES CORPORATIONYearRevenue Tonne Kilometres (Mln)Available Tonne Kilometres (Mln)Revenue Load Factor (%)Operating Revenue (Million Rupees)Operating Expenses (Million Rupees)PIA Fleet No. of Planes

1992-931,3332,35256.721,97021,34745

1993-941,3652,34758.223,63122,71347

1994-951,4082,45257.425,41724,19947

1995-961,4022,52655.527,50527,15047

1996-971,4952,64956.432,73232,80947

1997-981,4252,43558.5....47

1998-991,3132,40354.6....45

1999 *1,3072,56051.035,49236,39551

2000 *1,4522,63155.239,22842,03346

2001 *7691,43853.521,96623,29645

2001-021,3252,27058.442,84439,37744

2002-031,3892,40157.845,44239,12543

2003-041,4562,52855.051,04147,19742

2004-051,6573,03354.661,30862,36042

2005-061,8183,30255.167,57473,07442

2006-071,8013,36953.570,58779,16439

2007-081,5933,12551.070,48076,41544

2008-091,5802,93453.989,201120,57942

2009*1,5252,93352.094,56498,62940

2010*1,7463,09156.0107,532106,81240

20111,6782,97256.5117,356132,97039

.. : Not availableSource: Pakistan International Airlines Corporation* : PIA Financial Year is the Calendar YearTABLE 13.3NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTEREDCalendarYearMotor Cars Jeeps & Station WagonsMotor Cabs/ TaxisBusesTrucksMotorCycle(2 Wheels)MotorCycle(3 Wheels)OthersTotal

1990682,63632,30484,016105,2451,250,74950,862507,0252,712,837

1991731,96033,23589,094107,1711,381,13652,439528,8782,923,913

1992819,35041,24594,988111,3911,497,01756,267558,9263,179,184

1993868,15947,89798,681114,3941,573,37059,510589,2813,351,292

1994902,65452,444107,440118,3891,679,25962,183615,4973,537,866

1995923,57753,400113,516119,1741,754,73763,370642,1743,669,948

1996966,74754,501114,415123,6581,842,53169,756666,5493,838,157

19971,068,11683,182119,365131,3221,995,42176,224700,3154,173,945

19981,085,96983,687125,929132,8952,068,73081,777724,3094,303,296

19991,162,87683,844150,108145,1112,175,48895,345746,7184,559,490

20001,182,30783,892154,401148,5692,260,77299,376772,2794,701,596

20011,198,91890,062161,507155,7932,283,381107,555786,9074,784,123

20021,279,36290,077155,555169,2742,341,051120,569814,2394,970,127

20031,289,85490,424165,846177,4782,379,260127,360834,4245,064,646

20041,298,35390,460166,136179,7272,609,442138,153848,6885,330,959

20051,318,48891,893168,713182,5162,649,910101,058861,8515,374,429

20061,372,191105,373175,589189,9502,757,842136,394896,0145,633,353

20071,440,801103,397184,368199,4472,895,734143,215940,8515,907,813

20081,549,854104,431187,367202,5743,039,815156,068961,6466,201,755

20091,657,860106,463195,163210,9443,215,583167,9101,005,4416,559,364

20101,726,347122,882198,790216,1194,305,121201,8271,081,9167,853,022

20111,826,090123,446201,167223,1525,321,066239,1521,146,3649,080,437

Source: Pakistan Bureau of StatisticsTABLE 13.4MOTOR VEHICLES ON ROAD (000 Number)YearMcy/ ScooterMotorCarJeepStationWagonTractorBusesM. Cab/ TaxiMotorRck

1991-92971.8429.131.643.6275.345.033.542.4

1992-931,165.5465.835.648.8353.051.740.046.7

1993-941,287.3493.738.052.7376.656.444.550.5

1994-951,482.0516.841.356.0399.860.947.953.4

1995-961,481.9538.443.559.0424.864.551.458.7

1996-971,576.0564.545.562.0439.868.254.165.6

1997-981,691.4593.047.865.0463.672.557.374.6

1998-991,833.7731.316.760.6489.884.468.556.7

1999-002,010.0815.717.073.9528.492.869.859.9

2000-012,218.9928.018.393.8579.486.679.872.4

2001-022,481.11,040.043.4122.7630.596.696.480.8

2002-032,656.21,110.044.4126.4663.298.3104.180.9

2003-042,882.51,193.147.8132.4722.7100.4112.681.0

2004-053,063.01,264.751.8140.5778.1102.4120.381.3

2005-063,791.01,999.265.7140.8822.3103.6122.177.8

2006-074,463.81,682.285.4169.1877.8108.4119.179.0

2007-085,037.01,853.582.9163.2900.5109.9129.889.3

2008-095,368.02,029.179.0155.6911.7111.1138.688.4

2009-105,412.12,387.278.3171.4940.8123.3146.489.1

2010-115,468.82,822.278.5175.2970.9125.6154.689.8

2011-12 P5,503.53,205.078.6178.31,008.7129.2158.7102.4

(Contd.)

TABLE 13.4MOTOR VEHICLES ON ROAD (000 Number)YearD.VanTrucksPickupAmbu-

Tankers

OthersTotallanceOilWater1991-9261.475.830.21.74.00.649.52,095.5

1992-9369.884.239.52.04.30.752.72,460.0

1993-9474.092.044.12.34.70.773.62,690.4

1994-9578.298.347.12.75.10.860.72,951.6

1995-9681.3104.250.53.35.60.963.73,000.2

1996-9784.3110.350.23.76.11.166.53,195.8

1997-9887.6117.156.14.36.81.369.73,405.3

1998-9951.7121.056.41.56.80.774.73,651.7

1999-0055.5127.461.61.77.00.778.83,997.2

2000-0172.4132.368.41.77.20.889.04,471.0

2001-02116.9145.278.34.17.60.971.55,016.8

2002-03120.3146.780.64.37.60.971.45,315.0

2003-04121.3149.284.44.47.60.971.35,711.2

2004-05121.9151.887.64.57.70.969.46,048.3

2005-06143.3151.893.54.57.70.960.27,084.5

2006-07148.9173.3104.54.67.80.938.58,063.6

2007-08163.5177.8115.35.28.81.040.88,878.5

2008-09167.2181.9125.55.69.71.141.39,413.7

2009-10170.4200.5130.34.010.01.121.89,866.4

2010-11173.6209.5135.34.510.31.124.010,443.8

2011-12 P176.6212.3141.33.910.61.350.410,960.7

P : ProvisionalSource: Ministry of Communication (NTRC)TABLE 13.5PRODUCTION AND IMPORT OF MOTOR VEHICLESFiscal Year/Type of Vehicles1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-012001-02PRODUCTION (Nos.)Trucks2,2221,3947033,0302,9161,8501,1319779481,141Buses1,1774273124388624251,2201,5081,3321,099L.C.Vs11,4785,1285,1546,8349,8174,8868,0796,6566,9608,4914x4 Vehicles1,3248161,3102,274792651622380459570Tractors17,12714,90717,14416,20810,41714,14426,88535,03832,55624,331Motor Cycle/Scooters/Rickshaw95,79363,95860,960 121,809 117,18896,99193,16794,881 117,858 133,334Cars26,94519,51420,95531,07933,46233,68338,68232,46139,57341,171IMPORTS (Nos.)Cars100,18838,21631,74335,10031,81736,85146,36334,98862,18740,079Jeeps1,4843431,535959542116548338666Motor Rickshaw2,773548250

..

..900

8 20

.. Station Wagon

7462513262651731439771115165Buses Including TrollyBuses2,247893267344396498603917588700Lorries/Trucks IncludingAmbulance4,7432,6738821,9482,1011,034443500545728 special Lorries, Trucks& Vans53546121910219899152109138157Motor Cycle119,97086,34962,100 115,235 135,22090,43579,73885,59215,771 111,711Motorised Cycles 42626 2341,305 990 925

44

3

..

.. Passengers M. Cars (n.S)21288224

91933831816216199161Road Tractors forTrailers10274193340383773618Tractor Agricultural..95210,0846,8052,0201,0863,2812,46955220Tractor Caterpillar..3216..1..44Tractor Heavy Dutyfor const.115142..1428..5134Tractor Roads........8....325,96415,174Tractor (NES)7811580323179113436115115Car's Chassis withEngine111....282..1041Bus etc. Chassis102244812....2775760Spl. Truck etc. Chassis..26............ 4 .. Rickshaw, Chassis with

.. Engine.. ..............1736Pickup17,9316,0995,7515,5065,5116,3143,7343,6722,7033,600Delivery Van22,3432,8231,9401,8314,8515,2183,1493,3791,5732,120Chassis Un-Mounted168Motor Vehicles No457

..

127

1 194

9

..

..

62

.. Bicycle4689289,9168,3033,6187,84429,21822,21114,50520,240Motor Vehicles forGoods13457431512218146160..2Passenger VehiclesPublic No171582722461183626.. : not available(Contd.)TABLE 13.5PRODUCTION AND IMPORT OF MOTOR VEHICLESFiscal Year/ Type of VehiclesPRODUCTION (Nos.)

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-072007-08 2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12Jul-MarTrucks1,9502,0223,2044,5184,4104,9933,1353,4252,8101,893Buses1,3401,3801,7628259931,146657628490439L.C.Vs12,17414,08923,61329,58119,67221,35416,15815,56819,14214,791Tractors26,50136,10343,74649,43954,61053,60760,10771,73070,85526,858Motor Cycle176,591 327,446 571,145 751,667 839,224 1,057,751 917,628 1,389,047 1,637,531 1,245,732Cars63,267 100,070 128,381 163,114 179,314166,30085,240122,819134,855110,430IMPORTS (Nos.)Cars60,55488,13066,33836,563 202,785540,025 425,721750,888675,810 1,079,828Jeeps6,01011,4355,4092,1081,93821014272728Motor Rickshaw10133151,7271,02912510,81114,74645,564Station Wagon440154372842,817345281092930Buses Including TrollyBuses1,2302,4294112,104652217232285861580Lorries/Trucks IncludingAmbulance14,0362,8832,61613,46316,6104,3312,40512,81924,7289,238 special Lorries, Trucks& Vans54951,5445515738751,2035,3253,371627Motor Cycle143,952 127,861 189,721 167,626 164,078209,098 200,745175,577215,990315,001Motorised Cycles5096754,1439,47212,46718,51220,72633,596103,69422,032Passengers M. Cars1942432441,5871,174690557176344115Road Tractors forTrailers1221241174989972,4092,1492,1541,345650Tractor Agricultural14,00011,4206,54320,76930,5888,9142,63612,0529052,443Tractor Caterpillar1302321211........ Tractor Heavy Dutyfor const.12021956363284574440224514865Tractor Roads1,1152,1041,6462,2849041,892434165144100Tractor (NES)4967362,1673,3787,21319,63214,2056,18912,20812,513Car Chassis withEngine........6-2011632Bus etc. Chassis46164187243141,0176711,553883Spl. Truck etc. Chassis......38483359122331Rickshaw, Chassis withEngine

10

2

144

315

421

187

6

84

..

.. Pickup5,1626,8575,39423,30321,8981,8691,87121,09635,46299,488Delivery Van471261782,5861,58331137241Chassis Un-Mounted.................... Motor Vehicles NoBicycle37,83639,89461,18752,02228,50938,24942,96699,349184,023174,852Motor Vehicles forGoods2345112693,844297222..52Passenger VehiclesPublic No4737211,5195,2282,123836363364225238.. : not availableSource: Pakistan Bureau of StatisticsTABLE 13.6POST AND TELECOMMUNICATIONSFiscalYearNo of PostOfficesTelephones(000 Nos.)Broad BandSubscribersMobilePhones

UrbanRuralTotal(000 Nos.)(000 Nos.)

1990-911,86711,54613,4131188....

1991-921,90911,47113,3801461....

1992-931,98311,21313,1961548....

1993-941,97011,31513,2851801....

1994-952,02611,29413,3202126....

1995-962,09211,32713,4192376..68.0

1996-972,02411,19213,2162558..135.0

1997-982,04411,25013,2942756..196.1

1998-992,10310,75112,8542861..265.6

1999-002,10310,75112,8543124..306.5

2000-012,3029,93212,2343340..742.6

2001-021,98310,28412,2673656..1,698.5

2002-031,80810,44612,2544940..2,404.4

2003-042,2679,84012,1074460..5,022.9

2004-051,83110,49912,3305191..12,771.2

2005-061,84510,49412,339512826.634,506.6

2006-071,84910,49412,343480645.263,160.9

2007-081,84910,79312,3424546168.088,019.8

2008-091,85210,51412,3663523413.894,342.0

2009-101,84610,49512,3403411688.499,185.8

2010-111,58010,45512,0353,2271,491.5104,006.8

2011-12

Jul-Mar 1,797 10,238 12,035 3,098 1,912.2 118,316.9

.. : Not Available

Source: (i) : Pakistan Post Office(ii) : Pakistan Telecommunications Company LtdFiscal YearEarning% Change2007-0819,973-2008-0923,16016.02009-1021,886-5.52010-1118,612-15.02011-12

(July-Feb)9359.0-

Description2011*Revenue Hours Flown141,727Route KMS460,719Revenue KMS Flown (000)84,898Revenue Passenger carried (000)5,953Revenue Passenger Kms (mil)15,664Available Seats Kms (mil)21,725Passenger Load Factor %72.10Revenue Tonne Kms (mil)1,678Available Tonne Kms (mil)2,972Revenue Load Factor (%)56.45Operating Revenue (mil)117,356Operating Expense (mil)132,970PIA Fleet (No. of Planes)39Passenger Revenue (Rs. bn)104.41Passenger Yield (2010: 6.12)6.67

Cargo LiftedJul-Mar 2011-12Liquid Cargo5,804,294Dry Cargo205,379Total (Dry + Liquid)6,009,673

YearImportsExportsTotal2008231.6-231.620091218.1-1218.12010705.9-705.92011462.5-462.52012541.2-541.2

Jul-Mar 2011-12Revenue6,639,971Fleet Expenses5,173,907Gross Profit1,466,064Other Income327,412Expenses1,541,464Profit before tax252,012

PeriodImportExportTotal2007-0821,5024,92226,4242008-0919,4455,58425,0302009-1019,2266,38025,6262010-1119.5116,65726,1682011-12

(Jul-Mar)14,7224,94219,664

YearNo. of shipsTotal DWT200714536,821200814536,821200911477,238201010633,273201111646,666201210628,409

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