1.7: The 13

Original

Colonies AMERICAN HISTORY I

UNIT 1 – EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION

DAY 7 – THE 13 BRITISH COLONIES

Essential Questions

What were the major

defining characteristics

of the 3 colonial regions?

Which colonies were in

each region?

Why come to the new world?

The 4 G’s:

Gold: to increase wealth by gaining land and natural resources

God: to escape religious persecution or spread religion

Glory: to be recognized as a famous explorer or claim new land for your country

Going to start a new life

Who Came?

Spanish (Florida

and Caribbean)

English (East

coast)

French (Canada,

New Orleans)

Dutch (New York)

German

(Pennsylvania)

European

Colonization

of North

America

Colony

A group of people who leave their native country to form a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation

In this case:

13 original colonies = Colonies

Great Britain = parent nation

Mother Country = England

Wealth comes from=

13 colonies

Types of Colonies

Charter/Proprietary: Owned by an

individual or group—given the land by the

monarch in Britain

Joint-Stock: owned by investors in a

company that used the land to make $$$

Royal Colonies: owned and ruled by the

king through a royal governor

You are responsible for knowing which colonies are in

which region!

Colonial

Regions

1. New England

2. Middle

3. Southern

New England Colonies (4):

Connecticut

Rhode Island

New Hampshire

Massachusetts

New England Info.

Economy:

Trade (Big cities)

Shipping

Small farms

Government:

Town Meetings

(direct

democracy)**

New England Colonies, cont.

Religion:

Mainly settled by people seeking religious freedom

Most common religion was Puritan

These people were escaping persecution in England from Anglicans

Roger Williams was a colonial preacher

Banished from Mass. for his idea of Separation of Church and State (This means the views of the church and laws of the state may be different)

**Later this idea was in the 1st Amendment (Bill of Rights)

Middle Colonies (4):

Pennsylvania

New York

New Jersey

Delaware

Middle Colonies Info.

Economy:

Livestock

Hunting

Small farms

Trading center of Colonial America Britain depended on

this area for Mercantilism

EX. Buy tobacco cheaply, turn into cigarettes and sell back to America at high profits

Middle Colonies, cont.

Population: Most populated

area in America

Religion: Had religious

freedom which included Catholics, Quakers, etc.

Contributed to religious DIVERSITY

Southern

Colonies (5):

Maryland

Virginia

North

Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

Southern Colonies

Economy:

Plantations,

Single cash crops

Tobacco**, indigo

Few cities (mainly rural)

Slave labor

Colonial Government

Royal Governors were

appointed by the

King.

They were responsible

for collecting taxes

Elected assemblies

tried to enforce their

rights to approve or

disapprove taxes

Colonial Government, cont. (Some Review)

Colonies set up elected assemblies similar to British Parliament

Virginia: 1619—the House of Burgesses was created—FIRST

EXAMPLE OF SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE COLONIES. (rep.

democracy)

Connecticut: Wrote a constitution to set up their government

in 1639 called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Town Meetings: An example of direct democracy in

Connecticut & Mass.

Colonial Religion

Puritans

Protestants that wanted to purify the Church of England.

Pilgrims: Puritans that left England to practice their beliefs in New England (Mayflower)

Religious Dissenters

disagreed with puritans and were exiled from Mass.

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

Salem Witch Trials: 1692, Mass.; executed people accused of witchcraft. Ex. Of restricted religious freedom

Quakers (Society of Friends)

Religious group that settled

in Pennsylvania

Led by William Penn

Believed in equality,

tolerance, and religious

freedom

Catholics

Persecuted in Europe and

in some colonies

Most settled in Maryland

and middle colonies

Vocabulary:

Colony

New England Colonies

Middle Colonies

Southern Colonies

Cash crop

Separation of Church & State

House of Burgesses

Questions:

What were the reasons settlers would come to the

colonies?

What are the differences between proprietary,

joint-stock and royal colonies?

Which region seems most attractive to new

settlers?