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2 a valuation

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Page 1: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

V

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

Page 2: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

VALUATION

What is a Firm Really Worth?

IRS Revenue Ruling 59‐60 

The price a willing buyer might pay a willing seller for a property, when neither is under compulsion to carry out the transaction and when both parties are able to trade and are reasonably informed about both the property in question and the business in which it operates.

Rules of Thumb are Worthless!!!

Page 3: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

COMPONENTS OF VALUE

Earnings Value (Book of Business Value)

Balance Sheet / Tangible Net Worth (Liquidation Value)

Working Capital

Earnings Value + Balance Sheet –Working Capital = Fair Market Value

Page 4: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

METHODOLOGIES OR MYSTERIES?

Asset Approach (Tangible Basis)

Income Approach (Net Present Value of Discounted Future Cash Flows)

Market Approach (Comparable Transactions)

Page 5: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

KEY FACTORS AFFECTING VALUE EIBTDA, EBITDA, EBITDA

Business Structure

Employment Agreements

Concentration Risks

Key Personnel

Market, Competitors & Trends

Tangible Balance Sheet

Page 6: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

EBITDA, EBITDA, EBITDA PRIMARY DRIVER of Valuation

Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation & Amortization

Gross or Net (i.e. Revenues or Earnings?)

Normalization of Pro Forma EBITDA (i.e. elimination of non‐recurring items & extraordinary items, as well as adjustment to reflect operations under a third party’s business model)

Page 7: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

IMPACT OF EBITDA vs. REVENUES

Comm. Rev’s $400,000 $400,000Profit Margin 30% 20%

EBITA $120,000 $80,000Multiple 6 6

Value $720,000 $480,000

Value/Revenues 1.8 1.2

Revenue Multiple = Value ExpressionEBITDA Multiple = Value Calculation

Page 8: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

BUSINESS STRUCTURE “C” Corporation vs. “S” Corporation

Are Capital Gains “Passing” you by?

Tax Benefits Equate to REAL dollars for BOTHparties

Structure can not only impeded Valuation, but can also impede the ability to get a “deal done”

Page 9: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS

Can NOT sell what is not YOURS

Non‐solicitation & non‐piracy provisions

Non‐Competition

Vesting &/or other Deferred Compensation

Page 10: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

CONCENTRATION RISKS

Lines of Business or Products

Customer Base

Markets

Geographic Region

Production Staff

Page 11: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

KEY PERSONNEL

Who “runs” the Agency? Sales? Operations?

How deep is the “bench”?

Should I stay or should I go?

Method of Compensation

Page 12: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

MARKET, COMPETITORS & TRENDS

Trend Analysis‐Market‐ Products‐ Historical Performance

Competitor Analysis

Niche / Strategic Benefits

Page 13: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

TANGIBLE BALANCE SHEET

Net Tangible Worth (Deficit)

Stock deals assume the Balance Sheet – both Stated & Unstated Obligations

Work Capital – Pay attention to the language!!!!

Page 14: 2 a   valuation

PRESENTED BY:

w w w . M e r g e r s A n d A c q u i s i t i o n s S e m i n a r . c o m

SUMMATION & QUESTIONS

Earnings Value + Tangible Balance – Working Capital = Fair Market Value

Intangible nature of the Industry makes EBITDA the Key Driver of Valuation

Final Questions?


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