THE ART AND SCIENCE OF UNMANNED SYSTEMS

MARKO PELJHAN sUAS EXPO 2014

or

THE ROBOTS ARE COMING!

THE ROBOTS ARE COMING!

DRONE

TARGET DRONE BQM-74C The master of many disguises

UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS – REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT

NIKOLA TESLA – US613809 - TELEAUTOMATION !  1893 WIRELESS CONTROL OF AN ELECTRIC MODEL BOAT !  1900 WIRELESS UNMANNED AIRSHIP

HEWITT- SPERRY AUTOMATIC AIRPLANE

•  1914 START OF DEVELOPMENT •  1917 FIRST FLIGHT •  The system consisted of a gyroscopic

stabilizer, a directive gyroscope, an aneroid barometer to regulate height, servo-motors for control of rudders and ailerons and a device for distance gearing.

CURTISS- SPERRY FLYING BOMB

•  1918 FIRST CONTROLLED FLIGHT / 910m

•  CAPABLE OF HITTING A TARGET 150km away WITH ACCURACY OF 3 miles

KETTERING BUG aka DAYTON WRIGHT LIBERTY EAGLE

•  120 km range •  180 pound of explosives •  45 produced / none used •  A substantial failure ratio

VAN NUYS – RADIOPLANE COMPANY

•  RADIOPLANE OQ2 •  15000 built during 2nd WORLD WAR •  TARGET DRONES

NORMA JEANE

Phillips claimed that 'for £300 I can make, equip, and dispatch to any distance three wirelessly controlled airships carrying huge quantities of explosives' -- and unlike a naval torpedo, his aerial torpedos were reusable, making them very cost effective. "I offer my invention to the British Government, whose official representatives will inspect it in a day or two, because I want England to have command of the air just as she has command of the sea."

LITTO POMMI – FINNISH GLIDE BOMB

•  1939 •  Simple and efficient design •  Flying torpedo – first system with a TV

camera •  Experiments with pigeons for guidance

LITTO POMMI – FINNISH GLIDE BOMB

•  Nahkuri trained the Pigeons to be comfortable in a harness while they pecked at the target and ate their rewards. When they had learned this, he progressed to training the pigeons to ‘steer’ their bomb. Nahkuri designed a system that reflected the birds movements – when the pigeon lifted or lowered its head, it closed electrical contacts to operate a hoist. When it moved its head from side to side, the hoist moved back and forth. Nahkuri would push the whole thing across the room and the birds learned to guide it straight towards the target, finally receiving its reward at the end. The pecking itself was transmitted as electrical signals. When the image of the target started to move off center, the pigeons would peck frantically to bring the device back on track (and to get their reward!)

EARLY SPECTRAL – SYSTEM CONCEPTS

FLIGHT TESTING 2007

BRAMOR gEO family •  Ideal for aerial terrain mapping •  Equipped with 24.3 megapixel color or NIR sensor •  Detailed results with 1.29 cm/px @ 100 m AGL •  Consistent overlap in windy conditions •  Compatible with all GIS image processing software tools and coordinate systems •  Flight endurance up to 2h •  Parachute landing

Georeferenced Results

Pointcloud / DEM / DSM creation

Application sample Flood simulation

Normal situation Flooded 5cm+ Flooded 10cm+

Landslide drift, rock fall simulation

Bramor C4EYE

Specifications

Wingspan) 230 cm)

Length) 96 cm&Engine) Brushless &Onboard power) li-po &T/O Weight) 3,8 kg&

Optimal cruise speed) 16m/s&

Max horizontal speed) 30m/s&

Endurance) Up to 3h&

Command & control RF) 868 MHz or 900 MHz + options&

Command & control range) Up to 30 km, Video 30km&

Takeoff) Autonomous / catapult&

Navigation) Autonomous / waypoints array&

Landing) Autonomous / parachute&

Emergency failsafe’s) User Pre-programmed&

EYE payload

Sensor Sony FCB 10x op.zoom or FLIR Quark

Focusing Auto focus Stabilization Gyro + Software stabilized Pan 360° Tilt 90° Movement Brushless electric motors Material Carbon composite

EYE-X payload 360 degree, continuous rotation Gyro-stabilized HD 720p digital video, 10 MP high-res stills 10MP Electro-Optical (EO) imager HD 720p video 10 MP high-res stills Electronic pan-tilt-zoom (ePTZ) 640×480 long wave infrared (IR) imager 300 mW laser illuminator (LI), available at 400 - 2000 nm

Full suite of OnPoint On-Board computer vision features:

Image stabilization Target tracking Target geo-location Moving target detection Electronic zoom on EO Electronically pan-tilt-stabilized inner stage on EO imager

Durable direct drive Extremely smooth, precise actuation

•  Ideal for C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance)

•  Equipped with EO/IR or EYE-X payload •  Live picture stabilization •  Object tracking •  Object geo-location from live video Convoy following •  Flight endurance up to 3h (demonstrated) •  Parachute landing

Sensor control

Video from Bramor C4EYE

OPERATIONS IN DRONNING MAUDLAND - ANTARCTICA

NUNAVUT OPERATIONS – BAFFIN ISLAND, IKPIK BAY

ARCTIC 2009 / NON ORTHO

LOS PELAMBRES MINE, CHILE, flight at 4150m ASL, 12.7 GSD on bottom of the mine, 20 cm precision achieved with a grid of GCP’s, Record altitude flight, 60 minutes operations

VOLUME CALCULATIONS

GALATI MINE - ROMANIA

GALATI MINE – final mapping product ROMANIA

VIPAVA – SLOVENIA, FLIGHT TEST ZONE PRECISION MAPPING AND MODELING TESTS

SURVEYING – CADASTER UPDATING – 3 D MODELING

BRAMOR TEST FLIGHTS AT KILPISJAERVI, LAPLAND, -15deg C EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE

NIR FOREST MONITORING TEST FLIGHT, EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE

SATERI road section, Finland, 5cm PRECISION with a grid of GCP’s

SATERI road section, Finland, 5cm PRECISION with a grid of GCP’s

BRAMOR TEST FLIGHTS AT KILPISJAERVI, LAPLAND, -15deg C EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE

AIRSPACE INTEGRATION •  NOTAM segregated operations since 2007 •  ADS-B OUT operational on two aircraft in

New Zealand •  Crew required to always have an AIR BAND

transceiver during operations and to inform local aerodrome of the operations

•  Binoculars, ADS-B receiver for SITAWARE

FAIL SAFE ARCHITECTURE •  Power fail safes •  Unusual attitude fail safes •  Systemic anomaly fail safes •  PARACHUTE – both a fail safe and

regular landing device