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2017-18NFHSDIVINGOFFICIALS’GUIDELINES

MANUAL

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2017-18NFHSDIVINGOFFICIALS’GUIDELINES

MANUAL

ROBERTB.GARDNER,PublisherSandySearcy,EditorNFHSPublications

©2017bytheNationalFederationofStateHighSchoolAssociationsPermissionisgrantedtocopyanduseinitsentiretybyanindividualornon-profitorganizationsolelyforthepurposeoftrainingdivingofficials.Anyotheruseofanyportionsofthisdocumentisprohibitedwithoutwrittenpermissionfromthe

NFHS.

CoverDesign:KimVogel,NFHS

CoverphotoscourtesyofVisualImagePhotography,Illinois.

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INTRODUCTION

Thismanualisprovidedtoimprovetheconsistencyofofficiatinghighschooldiving.ItisbasedonthepremisethatthepurposeofdivingjudgesatameetistoensurefaircompetitionforallparticipantsinaccordancewiththerulesestablishedbytheNFHS.Inordertoaccomplishthis,officialsmustunderstandtherulesandenforceallruleswithoutregardfortheoutcomeofthecompetition.

Thismanualisnotmeanttobe“anotherrulesbook.”Rather,itisdesignedtoassistallofficials in understanding their role in conducting competition.While it should be especiallyusefulfornewandlessexperienceddivingjudges,itwillalsohelptheveteranjudgehonetheindividual’sorganizationalskillsalongwiththemechanicsofofficiatingtheeventofone-meterdiving.

PHILOSOPHYANDETHICS

Theprimaryroleoftheofficialistoensurethattheactionsofthecompetitors,coachesandotherteampersonnelareincompliancewiththerules.Infulfillingthistask,theofficialmustestablishthebestpossibleclimateforfaircompetitionwiththeattentionontheathletes,ratherthanontheofficial. Theconductofeachofficialaffectsthepublic’sattitudetowardallofficials.Therefore,everyofficialmustupholdthehonor,integrityanddignityoftheprofession.

TABLEOFCONTENTS

NFHSOfficialsCodeofEthics.........................................................................................................5

KeyPointsforAllHighSchoolSwimmingOfficials.........................................................................6

AllSwimmingOfficials....................................................................................................................7

TheDivingReferee.........................................................................................................................8

DivingJudges................................................................................................................................12

TheDivingAnnouncer..................................................................................................................13

GuidelinesforJudgingDiving.......................................................................................................14

DivingPointAwards.....................................................................................................................16

SimplifyingtheDiveNumbers......................................................................................................18

OneMeterDivingTable...............................................................................................................20

NFHSDiveSilhouettes..................................................................................................................22

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OfficialsCodeofEthics

Officialsataninterscholasticathleticeventareparticipantsintheeducationaldevelopmentofhighschoolstudents.Assuch,theymustexerciseahighlevelofself-discipline,independenceandresponsibility.Thepurposeof thisCode is toestablishguidelines forethical standardsofconductforallinterscholasticofficials.

Officialsshallmasterboththerulesofthegameandthemechanicsnecessarytoenforcetherules,andshallexerciseauthorityinanimpartial,firmandcontrolledmanner.

Officials shall work with each other and their state associations in a constructive andcooperativemanner.

Officialsshallupholdthehonoranddignityoftheprofessioninallinteractionwithstudent-athletes,coaches,athleticdirectors,schooladministrators,colleagues,andthepublic.

Officials shall prepare themselves both physically and mentally, shall dress neatly andappropriately,andshallcomportthemselvesinamannerconsistentwiththehighstandardsoftheprofession.

Officialsshallbepunctualandprofessionalinthefulfillmentofallcontractualobligations.

Officialsshallremainmindfulthattheirconductinfluencestherespectthatstudent-athletes,coachesandthepublicholdfortheprofession.

Officialsshall,whileenforcingtherulesofplay,remainawareoftheinherentriskofinjurythat competition poses to student-athletes. Where appropriate, they shall inform eventmanagementofconditionsorsituationsthatappearunreasonablyhazardous.

Officialsshalltakereasonablestepstoeducatethemselvesintherecognitionofemergencyconditionsthatmightariseduringthecourseofcompetition.

Officialsshallmaintainanethicalapproachwhileparticipatinginforums,chatroomsandallformsofsocialmedia.

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KEYPOINTSFORALLHIGHSCHOOLOFFICIALS

• BeknowledgeableofNFHSdivingrules.

• StudytheNFHSSwimmingandDivingRulesBook,includingthesituationsandrulings,and

attend rules meetings regularly as required by the state association or officials’associationtostayinformedregardingcurrentrules.

• Beconsistentintheapplicationoftherulesatalltimesandatalllevelsofcompetition.

• Enforceallrulesequitablyandfairly.Donotallowruleinfractionstogouncalledsimplybecausenoonehasgainedanadvantage.Ifthereisaviolation,itmustbecalled.Donottrytodecidewhomightbeunfairlyaffectedbyaviolation.

• Exercisefairandunbiasedjudgmentbydisregardingadiver’s identity,teamaffiliation,etc.

• Mentally reviewwhat is required fora legalperformanceandwhatwould render theperformanceillegal.

• Maketimelydecisions.

• Callonlythoseviolationsyouspecificallyobserve.Donotguessoranticipate.Bepreparedtoexplain the“who,”“what”and“when”of theviolation,aswellaswhereyouwerepositionedtoseetheviolation.DoNOTnotifydiversorcoachesthatadiverclosetofailadive.Diversareeitherinviolationoftherulesortheyarenotinviolation.Donotdiscussclosecallswithcoachesorcompetitors.Aclosecallisanocall!

• Giveyourundividedattentiontoyourspecificassignment.

• Avoidcoachingathletes,butareminderastolegalstartingpositionpriortothestartofaraceisacceptable.Atlowerlevelsofcompetition,specificallyjuniorhigh,theexplanationof legal starting position may be given in much more detail than at higher levels ofcompetition.

• Explaintheruleandtheviolationtodiversand/orcoacheswhenrequestedtodoso.Donotgiveadvicetodiversorcoachesonruleviolations.At lower levelsofcompetition,specificallyjuniorhigh,theexplanationoftheruleandviolationmaybemuchlengthierthanathigherlevelsofcompetition.

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• Whendiscussingthecircumstancessurroundingevents thatoccurredduringthemeetwithotherofficials,waituntilthemeetisoverorthereisascheduledbreakandyouareawayfromfansandcoaches.

• Asanofficial,neverpubliclycriticizeanotherofficialoranofficial’sdecision.Reportanyconcernsaboutanotherofficialtothemeetreferee.

• Commentsordiscussiononacallshouldnottakeplacewithrepresentativesofthemedia.

• Refrainfromcheeringorverballysupportingparticipantsorateamwhileservinginanofficial’srole.

• Mentorlessexperiencedofficials,aslongasitisnotadistractionduringameet.

• AdmitwhenmistakeshavebeenmadeandcorrectthemistakeaccordingtotheNFHS

rules.Donotmakeadecisionto“makeup”forapoordecisionmadeearlier.

• Be professional and friendly when interacting with administrators, coaches, athletes,spectators,otherofficials,etc.Donotsocializewiththeseindividuals,asitmaygivetheimpressionoffavoringoneteamoveranother.

• Dress professionally in accordance with state association rules regarding officialsuniforms.

• Maintaincontrolofthemeet,butrememberthatallparticipantswanttodotheirbestwhilehavingafunandenjoyableexperience.

• Workavarietyofmeets.Themoreexperiencegainedthemorecomfortabletheofficialwillbeondeckandthemoreconfidentinobservation.

ALLOFFICIALS

Allofficialsmust remember theirprimarypurposeswhenondeck.Officials shall conduct themeet in a professional manner, assure compliance with the NFHS rules and assure that nocompetitorhasanunfairadvantage.Officialsshallremainmindfuloftheinherentriskofinjurythat competition poses to student athletes. Where appropriate, they shall inform eventmanagementofconditionsorsituationsthatappearunreasonablyhazardous.Ineverymeet,allswimmingofficialsshould:

• Arriveatleast30minutespriortothescheduledstartofthemeet.

• Have ready access to an NFHS Swimming and Diving Rules Book, whistle, notepad,pen/pencil,andappropriateforms.

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• Silencecellphonesbeforethemeetbegins.

• Introducethemselvestothecoachesfromallparticipatingteams.

THEDIVINGREFEREERefertoNFHSRules9-6through9-8

Thedivingrefereeistheheaddivingjudgeandhasfullauthorityoverotherdivingjudges.Thedivingreferee’sdecisionisfinal.Beforedivingcompetition,thedivingrefereeshould:

• Arrive at least 30 minutes prior to the scheduled start of the meet to see that theequipmentnecessarytoconducttheone-meterdivingevent is incompliancewiththerules.Anyconcernshouldbereferredtothehostteam’srepresentativeormeetmanager.

• Ifnecessary,besurelanelinesandbackstrokeflagsareremovedfromthedivingarea.

• Requirealldivingscoresheetsbesubmittedbyadesignatedtime,allowingadequatetimeforreviewofthescoresheetspriortothecompetition.

• Confirmtheprocessbeingutilizedtoobtainthediverandcoachsignatureswhenusing

electronicdivingentries.

• Checkcarefullythatalldivingscoresheetsaresignedbythediverandcoach.

• Whenusingelectronicdevices for entries and/or scoring, confirm theprotocols tobefollowed by the diving referee, coaches and divers to ensure all requirements andresponsibilities, by rule, are being met. Review the protocol with appropriate meetpersonneltoensuresmoothadministrationofthecompetition.

o Fordualmeets:§ Thenumberofteamentriesindivingshallbethesameasthenumberof

swimmersallowedineachswimmingevent.§ Diving shall count as oneof the athlete’s two individual entries for the

meet.§ Thediversfromthevisitingteamhavethechoiceofselectingtheoddor

evendivingpositions.Asinglediverfromthevisitingteammayselectanyoftheoddorevenpositions,i.e.,1,3,5,whichmaybedifferentthanthelanesselectedfortheteam’sswimminglanes.

§ The diving referee, or his/her designee, should check the divingscoresheetsforthefollowing:(Thisisperformedasacourtesytothediver

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andhis/her coach. Theprimary responsibility for accuracyof thedivingscoresheetlieswiththediverandcoach.)

• The diver’s name and school, diver and coach signatures, divenumber and position, the order in which the dives will beperformed, and that the designated degree of difficulty for thevoluntarydiveiscircledandnotgreaterthan1.8.Remember:thedivenumberandpositionaretheofficialdescriptionofeachdive.When electronic sheets are utilized, initials may be used assignatures;

• VerifythatalldivershavethecorrectVoluntaryDiveGroupfortheweek:Week#1–forwardgroup;week#2–backgroup;week#3–inwardgroup;week#4–twistinggroup;week#5–reversegroup;then start again with the forward group (unless determinedotherwisebythestateassociation.);

• Verifythatthefiveoptionaldivescomefromat leastfourofthefivedivegroups,andmayincludeanydivefromthevoluntarydivegroupotherthanthevoluntarydive,and;

• Besurenodiveisrepeatedonthescoresheet.

o For11-divemeets:§ The number of team entries shall be determined by the meet

management.§ Theorder inwhich thedivers shallperformshallbedeterminedby the

meetdirectorandshallbebylotorbyseedingbasedonthediver’sbestcompetitive11dive scoresubmitted. If seedingandno11dive score issubmitted,thedivershallbeseededbylotatthebeginningofthedivingorder.Thesamerelativepositioninthedivingordershallbemaintainedbythediversthroughoutalllevelsofthecompetition;however,thedivingfinalistsmaybeseededbasedonthesemifinalscores(lowesttohighest)or kept in the same dive order as the preliminaries and semifinals, asdeterminedbythemeetdirector.

• The default method for determining the order of the divingcompetition shall be by lot for a championship meet or meetconductedunderachampionshipformat.

§ The diving referee, or his/her designee, should check the divingscoresheetsforthefollowing:(Thisisperformedasacourtesytothediverandhis/her coach. Theprimary responsibility for accuracyof thedivingscoresheetlieswiththediverandcoach.)

• The diver’s name and school, diver and coach signatures, divenumber andDD for voluntary dive(s) circled (if electronic divingentriesarebeingused,thevoluntarydiveswillbeidentifiedassuch,butnotcircled),position,writtendescription,degreeofdifficulty,and the order the diveswill be performed.Remember: the dive

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numberandpositionaretheofficialdescriptionofeachdive.Whenelectronicsheetsareutilized,initialsmaybeusedassignatures;

• Thatalldivershave11diveslisted;• Verifythatthefivevoluntarydives(twointhepreliminaryround,

twointhesemifinalroundandoneinthefinalround)comefromeachofthedivegroupswiththeirassignedDDandhaveasumtotalof9.0,orless;

• Verifythatthesixoptionaldivesincludeatleastonefromeachofthefivegroupsandthatnomorethanoneoptionaldivefromthesame group is performed through the semifinals (i.e., first eightrounds);and

• Verifythatallfivegroupsarerepresentedinthefirsteightroundsofcompetitionandnodiveisrepeated.

• Haveameetingwiththecoaches,anddiversifnecessary,todiscussthefollowing:

o Theorderinwhichthediverswillperform;o Warm-upproceduresbeforeeachsessionofcompetition.Immediatelypriorto

thedivingcompetition,eachdiverisallowedatleasttwoapproaches,withorwithoutawaterentryatthediver’sdiscretion.Adrybounceshallcountasoneofthetwoallottedapproaches(i.e.onedrybounce,onewaterentryequalstwoapproaches);

o Responsibilityfordivingsheets;o Requestingdeclaredfalsestartsandprotocoltofollow(Rule3-2-3);o Theimportanceofthediverlisteningtoeachdiveasitisannouncedandwhatto

doifadiveisannouncedincorrectly. Instructthediversthatifthedescriptionisnotaccurate,thedivershallimmediatelybringittotheattentionoftheDivingRefereebeforebeginningtheirdive;

o Quietingthecrowd;o Instructthediversregardingtheprocedureforexceptionaleventsthatmayoccur.

Adivermustimmediatelycometothereferee,afterthecompletionofadivetorequestthatdiveberepeated;i.e.nottheircoachoranotherperson;

o Requestsby thediver towipewater from thedivingboardbefore assumingastartingposition;

o Reviewrulesregardingtaping(Diversmayweartapeorwrapsforsupportandnomedicalauthorizationisrequired)and;

o Anyspecialruleswhichwillapplytothecompetition.

• Meet with the other diving judges to review calls by the referee, individual judges’responsibilities, the scale for awardingpoints, their locationswhile judgingdivinganddiscussanyotheruniquecircumstancesrelatedtodiving.

• Thefollowingareasshouldbecovered:

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o JudgesshouldNOTdiscussormakecommentsregardingdiveswithotherjudgesuntilafterthescoresareawarded;

o Ifajudgeisalsoacoach,itisonlyappropriateforthatcoachtotalktohis/herowndivers;

o Reviewmandatorydeductionforabalkorviolationoftheforwardapproachasdeterminedbythedivingreferee;and

o Notshowingtheirscoreuntilitiscalledforandwhencallednotdelayingshowingthescore.

Duringthedivingcompetition,thedivingrefereeshould:

• Requestquietfromspectatorsandswimmers.Thisappliestoallmeetsunlessswimminganddivingarebeingconductedsimultaneously.

• Haveannouncerannouncetheorderofdiversfollowedbythefirstdive.

• Keeparecordofallfaileddives,inordertoknowwhenadiverhasfailedtwodivesandisdisqualified.Ifthereisadisqualification,notifythediverandthecoachandgivereason.

• DeterminedisqualificationsaspertheNFHSrulesandnotifythecompetitorand/orthecoach.

• Determine and announce failed dives, including declared false starts (choosing not toparticipateinthedivingevent),aspertheNFHSrules(Rules9-6-2and3-2-3).

• Allowdiverstowithdrawfromthecompetitionandtreatthisthesameasa‘declaredfalsestart’takenbyswimmers.

• Deducttwopointsfromeachjudge’sawardforaviolationoftheforwardapproachora

balkaspertheNFHSrules.

• Declareanunsatisfactorydivewhen:o Thediveisclearlydoneinapositionotherthanwhatiswrittenonthescoresheet;o Thediverhitstheboard;o Thediverdoesnotattempttocomeoutofatuckorpikeposition;oro Thediverdoesnotattempttocomeoutofatwist.o Thediverdoesnotholdthestraightpositionuntilthebodyishorizontaltothe

wateronanyflyingonesomersaultdives,ordoesnotholdthestraightpositionuntil the body is perpendicular to the water on any flying one and one halfsomersaultdives.

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• Notinvokeapenaltyunlessthedivingrefereeisabsolutelycertainitiswarranted.Thedivingrefereemayconferwithanotherjudgeonlyregardingthedeterminationofafaileddive.

Followingthedivingcompetition,thedivingrefereeshould:

• Review,ordesignateotherdivingofficialstoreview,thescoresheetsforaccuracy.Whenelectronicscoringisnotuseditisimportanttocheckthemathforaccuracyandresolveanyproblemsbeforeannouncingthefinalscores.Establishtheorderoffinishandhavethescoresannounced.

• Signthedivingscoresheet.

DIVINGJUDGES

RefertoNFHSRules9-7and9-8Whiletherearemanyaspectstobeingagooddivingjudge,knowledgeoftherulesisparamount.Knowingtherulesregardingthefiveelementsofalldives(startingposition,approach,takeoff,flightandpositions,andentryintothewater)isessentialtobeingacompetentdivingjudge.Itisimportantfordivingjudgestoreviewthedivingguidelinesand/orsilhouettesfrequently.Divingjudgeshould:

• Be sure to consider all five elements of a dive when scoring. Judge the entire diveindependentlyandselectascorepromptlyuponcompletionofthedive.

• Beconsistentandfairtoallthedivers.Scorealldiversonthesamebasis.• Rememberthespecificrulesrequiringdeductionsbyadivingjudge.

• Trusthis/herinstincts,judgewhatisobservedandusetheentirerangeofnumbers10-0.

Do not allow outside factors such as other judges, spectators, coaches and/or teammemberstoenterintothejudgingprocess.Individualjudgesdonothavetoagreewiththerestofthepanel;thescoreinthemiddleisn’talwaysthecorrectone.

• Knowthedescriptionofeachofthejudgingcategories(Excellent,VeryGood,Good,

Satisfactory,Deficient,UnsatisfactoryandFailed),andscoreeachdivebasedonthescoreswithineachcategory.

• Ifindoubt,givethebenefittothediver.

• Notshowthescoreforadiveuntilithasbeencalledforandoncecallednotdelayshowing

thescore.

• Expectproperly-executeddivesbeperformedinfrontoftheboardandatanappropriatedistancefromtheboardandwalls.

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Itisimportanttoheartheannouncerreadthediveanddivedescriptioninordertodevelopamentalpictureofthedivetobecompleted.Beginjudgingthedivewhenthestartingpositionhasbeenestablishedanddonotstopjudgingthediveuntilthediverhaspassedbelowthesurfaceofthewater.Oncethediveiscompleted,selectascorequicklywithoutconsultinganotherdivingjudge.Ifthereisanerrorinascorereadbytheannouncer,immediatelybringittotheattentionofthedivingreferee.Thejudgingpanelmayormaynotincludethedivingreferee(Rule9-6-1).Adivingjudge,whoismaybeacoach,mayconversewithhis/herdiver(s)attimesdeterminedbythedivingreferee,butmaynotdosowhen itwilldistractthediving judgefromadivebeingperformed by another diver. (Note: Coachesmay only officiate if it is allowed by their stateassociation.)

THEDIVINGANNOUNCERRefertoNFHSRule9-6-3

Thedivingannouncershould:

• Befamiliarwithdivingandreviewthedivesheetspriortocompetitioninordertoclarifyanyquestions.Thisisagoodopportunitytoreviewforcorrectpronunciationofnames.

• Makeanyannouncementsdirectedbythedivingreferee,i.e.,noflashphotography,quiet

duringcompetition,etc.

• Announcetheorderinwhichthediverswillperform.

• Announceeachdiveinthefollowingmanner:“Nameofthediver,divenumber,position,divedescription,anddegreeofdifficulty.”Makethisannouncementslowlyandclearlytobecertainthecompetitorsanddivingjudgeshearthisinformation.

• Announcethejudges’scoresinthesameordereverytime,ashasbeendeterminedbythedivingreferee.Waituntilallscoresarepostedbeforeannouncing.

• Underchampionshipformat,announcethenamesandplaces,ornamesandscores,of

thediversatthecompletionofthepreliminaryandsemifinalroundsforthoseadvancingtothenextroundofcompetition.

• Announcethefinalindividualandteamscores.

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GUIDELINESFORJUDGINGDIVINGRefertoNFHSRulesBookAppendixC

StartingPosition

• Forward–Thediver shoulddemonstrategoodposturewitharms inapositionof thediver’schoice.

• Back/inward–Thedivershoulddemonstrategoodposture,withtheheadupright,arms

inapositionofthediver’schoice.Adivermaymovethearmstoavarietyofpreparatorypositionsprovidedthereisnoattempttostartthedive.

Approach

• Forward–Theapproachshallbeginwithnotlessthanthreestepsandfinishwithahurdle,definedasajumpoffonefoottoalandingonbothfeetattheendoftheboard.Thedivermay use steps, hops, leaps and/or jumps during the initial steps and before theculminatinghurdle. The forward takeoff shall be fromboth feet simultaneously to anadequateheighttoperformthedive.Thehops,leapsand/orjumpsshallbeconsideredas"steps".

Hurdle

• Thelaststepintheforwardapproach,calledthehurdle,consistsofthediverliftingtheleg(diver’schoiceofwhichleg)toformananglethatmaybeapproximately90degreesatthehipandknee.Theotherlegpushesdownontheboardandhelpsthediverjumptotheendoftheboardwherehe/shelandsontwofeet.Thehurdleisthefoundationfortherestofthedive,thusanimportantelementforjudgestoobserve.

BackPress

• Thedivershouldstopprimingtheboardwithhis/herfeet(oscillating)toassumeastartingposition. Oncethediverassumesthestartingposition,theboardcanbeoscillateduptofourtimespriortomovingthearmsfromthestartingposition.Theoscillationsshallnotbeso largeastodisruptthetempoorsmoothnessofthedive.Aftermovingthearmsfromthestartingposition,thedivermaycontinuetooscillatetheboarduntilthetakeoffoccurs.AtNOtimeshouldtheballsofthefeet/footlosecontactwiththeboard.Ifthefeet/footleavetheboardormorethanfouroscillationsoccurbeforemovingthearms,orthedivertakesexcessivelylargeoscillations,oscillationoccurs(morethanfour)priortothearmmovement,thejudgeshoulddeduct½-2pointsforeachviolation.

Takeoff• Thetake-offshouldbebalancedandcontrolledsoastoallowthedivertoachievegoodheight

andappropriatedistancefromthespringboard.Thepostureshouldbeuprightandpleasingtotheeye.

• Balanceontheballsofthefeetshouldbemaintained(onbothaforwardapproachlandingandabackpress)asthearmsswingaroundandmoveintimewiththelegpushtoassistliftfromthe

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board.Toomuchleanforwardorbackwardwillaffectthediversbalance,power,distanceandultimatelythesuccessofthedive.

Flight

• Thediveshouldhaveadequateheighttoprovideenoughtimeintheairtocompletetherotationandallowthedivetotravelasafedistancefromtheboard.

• Ideallyadivershouldexhibitstrengthandpowerwhiledisplayinggraceandbeauty.

• Theoverallformofthedivermustalsobeconsidered,aswellasspeedofrotationandtwistmechanicsintwistingdives.

• Thediveposition(tuck,pikeorstraight)shouldbeclearlydefined.Goodformshouldbedisplayed bymeans of body flexibility and firmness and toe pointwhich should be ismaintained throughout the entire dive flight. The armsmaybe in the position of thediver’schoice.Justpriortotheentry intothewater,thearmstheyshouldbebroughttogetherandextendedbeyondtheheadinlinewiththebodyforahead-firstentryoragainstthesidesofthebodywithstraightelbowsforafeet-firstentry.

• Straightposition(A)–Thebodyshallnotbebenteitheratthekneesorhips,kneesand

feettogether,toespointedwithoutexcessivearchinthelowerback.Thearmplacementisthediver'schoice.

• Pikeposition (B)–Thebodyshallbebentat thehips, legsstraightandtogether, toes

pointed.Likeinthestraightpositionthearmplacementisthechoiceofthediver.• Tuckposition(C)–Thebodyshallbebentatthehipsandknees,kneesatorinsidethe

shoulders,toespointedandbeascompactaspossible,thightochest,calvesincontactwiththebackoftheupperleg.

• Freeposition(D)–Thefreepositionisnotreallyabodypositionbutacombinationofthe

other three positions, and is usedmost often to perform certain twisting dives. Thecombinationsshouldbewelldefinedusingthepositionsdescribedabove.NOTES:

1. Flyingonesomersaultdivesrequirethedivertoholdthestraightpositionuntilthebodyishorizontaltothewater(9-7-4e).

2. Flyingoneandone-half somersaultdives require thediver tohold thestraightpositionuntilthebodyisperpendiculartothewater.

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Entry• Theentryintothewatershouldbeasverticalaspossiblewiththebodystraightandtoes

pointed.Thediver’slineintothewaterisonlyonesegmentofthetotaldiveandshouldnotbeoverjudged.

• Thediveshouldnotbetooclose,toodistantorofftothesideofthespringboard.• TwistonEntry-thediveshouldbesquare(withoutanytwist)asitentersthewater.• Aproperlyperformeddivewillresultinanentrywithaminimumsplash.An

exceptionallygoodentrywillresultinwhatiscalleda"rip"entrywithalmostnosplash.Splashlessentriesareimpressiveandareessentialtotheoverallimpression.However,sincetheentryisthelastpartofthediveseen,itiseasytojudgethedivesolelyontheentry,forgettingmistakesotherelementsofthedive.Avoidthiscommontrapandrewardthedivebasedonallofitselements.

• Thediveiscompletedandscoredwhenthebodypassesthroughthesurfaceofthewater.Whathappensafterthediverpassesthroughthesurfaceofthewatershouldnotaffectthejudgesscore.

Properlyexecuteddivesshouldbeperformedasafedistancefromtheboardandwalls.

DIVINGPOINTAWARDSRefertoNFHSRule9-7

10 Excellent–Novisibleflaws–Approach,hurdle,height,distance,executionand

entryareallexceptional.8½–9½ VeryGood–Approach,hurdle,heightanddistanceslightlyaffected.Execution

welldefined.7–8 Good – Approach and hurdle unaffected. Height and distance acceptable.

Executiondefined,entrycontrolled,butslightlyaffected.5–6½ Satisfactory –Approachandhurdleacceptable.Heightanddistanceadequate.

Executioncompleteandentryslightlyoverorunder.2½–4½ Deficient – Approach and hurdle affected. Height and distance inadequate.

Executionaffectedandentryoverorunder.½–2 Unsatisfactory–Approachandhurdleaffected.Heightanddistanceinadequate.

Executionnotcompleteorbrokenposition.Entrysignificantlyaffected.0 Failed.Divingjudge’sdeductions:

• Deficientdives:

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o Thediverpartiallyaltersthepositionofthediveduringflight;o Adiverentersthewaterwithoneorbothhandsabovetheshouldersonadive

requiringafeet-firstentry,orwithoneorbothhandsbelowtheshouldersonadiverequiringahead-firstentry.

• Mandatory½–2-pointdeduction:

o Notstoppingtheoscillationsoftheboardjustbeforeorafterthestartingpositionisassumedinaback/inwardtakeoff;

o Excessiveoscillationduringaback/inwardtakeoff;o Feet/footleavingtheboardpriortoaback/inwardtakeoff(crowhop);o Obviouslyspreadingkneesinthetuckpositionoutsidetheshoulders;o Enteringthewatertothesideoftheboard,and;o Twistingmanifestlyfromtheboard.

Divingreferee’sdeductions:

• 2-pointdeductionfromeachjudge’sscorefor:o Violationsoftheforwardapproach;o Balks(Declaredbeforethedivingjudgeshavescoredthedive).Itisabalkifthe

divingrefereebelievesthediverassumesthestartingposition,makesanobviousattempttostarttheapproachorpress,andstopsthecontinuousexecutionofthedivepriortothewaterentry.

• Unsatisfactorydive(maximumscoreof2points):

o A dive clearly done in a position other than that described on the divingscoresheet;

o Adiverhitsthedivingboard;o Adivernotattemptingtocomeoutofthetuckorpikeposition;o Adiverdoesnotattempttocomeoutofthetwist;o Thediverdoesnotholdthestraightpositionuntilthebodyishorizontaltothe

wateronanyflyingonesomersaultdives,ordoesnotholdthestraightpositionuntil the body is perpendicular to the water on any flying one and one-halfsomersaultdives.

• Faileddive(0pointsawarded):

o Executingadiveotherthanthatgivenonthedivingscoresheet;o Notassumingastartingposition;o Fallingintothewater;o Beingassistedbyanotherperson;o Notexecutingthepikebeforethetwistfordives#5111Band#5411B;o Doesnotcontactthewaterwiththeheadorhandsfirstonahead-firstdiveor

withthefeetfirstonafeet-firstdive;o Executesatwist,asdeterminedbythediver’sshoulderposition,moreorlessthan

90degreesindicatedonthedivingscoresheetwhenthediver’sfeet/handscontactthewater;

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o Inatwistingdive,twisttheshoulderspast90degreesbeforethefeetleavetheboard;

o Repeatsadive;o Stepsofftheboardafterassumingthestartingposition(withoutpermission);o Performsadiverequiringaforwardapproachfromthestandingforwardposition;o Doesnotrecordtheofficialdescriptionofthedive(divenumberandposition)on

thedivingscoresheet;o Commitstwobalksonthesamedive;o Inadualmeet,doesnotperformthevoluntarydivefirst;o Inachampionshipmeet,doesnotperformthevoluntaryandoptionaldivesas

specified;o Performsadivenotlistedonthedivingtable;o Performsanadditionalbounce(s)ontheendoftheboardaftertheculminating

hurdle.• Disqualificationsbythedivingreferee:

o Diverdoesnotmakeasincereattempttoperformthedive;o Itbecomesobviousthediveslistedonthediver’sscoresheetaretoodifficultfor

thedivertoperform;o Diverunnecessarilydelaysintheperformanceofadive;o Diverbehavesinanunsportingmanner;o Diverfailstwodivesforanyreason.

SIMPLIFYINGTHEDIVENUMBERS

Themeaningofthedivenumbers:

• Itisimportantforadivingjudgetoknowthemeaningofthedivenumberssohe/shecanbegintopreparetojudgethedivewhenitisannounced.Thedivenumberandpositiondefinethedivetobeperformed.

o 100’s=forwarddiveso 200’s=backdiveso 300’s=reversediveso 400’s=inwarddiveso 5000’s=twistingdives

o Positiondesignations:

§ Straightorlayoutposition=“A”§ Pikeposition=“B”§ Tuckposition=“C”§ Freeposition=“D”

• Forforward,back,inwardandreversedives:o Thefirstnumberindicatesthedirectionoftravel;o Thesecondnumberindicateswhetherthediveutilizestheflyingposition

§ 0=nota“flying”dive

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§ 1=“flying”diveo Thethirdnumberindicatesthenumberofhalfsomersaults;

§ 2=1somersault§ 3=1½somersaults§ 4=2somersaults,etc.

o 1,2or3somersaults=afeet-firstentry;o 1½,2½or3½=ahead-firstentry;o Diveswithanoddthirdnumbershouldalwaysenterthewaterhead-first;o Diveswithaneventhirdnumbershouldalwaysenterthewaterfeet-first,

• Fortwistingdives:

o Thefirstnumberindicatesthedivewillbefromthetwistgroup;o Thesecondnumberindicatesthedirectionoftravel;o Thethirdnumberindicatesthenumberofhalfsomersaults;

§ 1=½somersault§ 2=1somersault§ 3=1½somersaults§ 4=2somersaults

o Thefourthnumberindicatesthenumberofhalftwiststobeperformed.§ 1=½twist§ 2=1fulltwist§ 3=1½twists§ 4=2fulltwists§ 5=2½twists§ 6=3fulltwists

Seethechartbelowforexamplesofwhatthefournumbersinatwistingdivemean.

Group Category Somersaults Twists5 1 3 2

Twisting Forward #of½SS #ofhalfTwists• Twistingdiveswithahead-firstentry

DiveGroup 0,1,2,3Twists ½,1½,2½TwistsForward Facingtheboard LookingawayBack Lookingaway Facingtheboard

Reverse Facingtheboard LookingawayInward Lookingaway Facingtheboard

• Twistingdiveswithafeet-firstentryDiveGroup 0,1,2,3Twists ½,1½,2½TwistsForward Lookingaway FacingtheboardBack Facingtheboard Lookingaway

Reverse Lookingaway FacingtheboardInward Facingtheboard Lookingaway

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ONEMETERDIVINGTABLE

Anydive fromagroupmaybedesignatedasa voluntarydive. Itwill receive its assignedDDthrough1.8.AnyvoluntarydivewithaDDgreaterthan1.8willbeassignedaDDof1.8.

NFHSOneMeterDivingTable

DiveNo.

ForwardDives

CTuck

BPike

AStraight

DFree

101 ForwardDive 1.2 1.3 1.4 ---102 Forward1SS 1.4 1.5 1.6 ---103 Forward1½SS 1.6 1.7 2.0 ---104 Forward2SS 2.2 2.3 2.6 ---105 Forward2½SS 2.4 2.6 --- ---106 Forward3SS 2.9 3.2 --- ---107 Forward3½SS 3.0 3.3 --- ---112 ForwardFlying1SS 1.6 1.7 --- ---113 ForwardFlying1½SS 1.8 1.9 --- ---

BackDives

C

B

A

D

201 BackDive 1.5 1.6 1.7 ---202 Back1SS 1.5 1.6 1.7 ---203 Back1½SS 2.0 2.3 2.5 ---204 Back2SS 2.2 2.5 --- ---205 Back2½SS 3.0 3.2 --- ---

ReverseDives

C

B

A

D

301 ReverseDive 1.6 1.7 1.8 ---302 Reverse1SS 1.6 1.7 1.8 ---303 Reverse1½SS 2.1 2.4 2.7 ---304 Reverse2SS 2.3 2.6 2.9 ---305 Reverse2½SS 3.0 3.2 --- ---

InwardDives

C

B

A

D

401 InwardDive 1.4 1.5 1.8 ---402 Inward1SS 1.6 1.7 2.0 ---403 Inward1½SS 2.2 2.4 --- ---404 Inward2SS 2.8 3.0 --- ---405 Inward2½SS 3.1 3.4 --- ---412 InwardFlyingSS 2.0 2.1 --- ---413 InwardFlying1½SS 2.7 2.9 --- ---

TwistDives

C

B

A

D

5111 ForwardDive,½Twist 1.6 1.7 1.8 ---5112 ForwardDive,1Twist --- 1.9 2.0 ---5121 Forward1SS,½Twist --- --- --- 1.75122 Forward1SS,1Twist --- --- --- 1.95124 Forward1SS,2Twists --- --- --- 2.3

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5126 Forward1SS,3Twists --- --- --- 2.85131 Forward1½SS,½Twist --- --- --- 2.05132 Forward1½SS,1Twist --- --- --- 2.25134 Forward1½SS,2Twists --- --- --- 2.65136 Forward1½SS,3Twists --- --- --- 3.15142 Forward2SS,1Twist 2.6 2.7 --- ---5152 Forward2½SS,1Twist 3.0 3.2 --- ---5211 BackDive,½Twist --- --- 1.8 ---5212 BackDive,1Twist --- --- 2.0 ---5221 Back1SS,½Twist --- --- --- 1.75222 Back1SS,1Twist --- --- --- 1.95223 Back1SS,1½Twists --- --- --- 2.35225 Back1SS,2½Twists --- --- --- 2.75227 Back1SS,3½Twists --- --- --- 3.25231 Back1½SS,½Twist --- --- --- 2.15233 Back1½SS,1½Twists --- --- --- 2.55235 Back1½SS,2½Twists --- --- --- 2.95251 Back2½SS,½Twist 2.7 2.9 --- ---5311 ReverseDive,½Twist --- --- 1.9 ---5312 ReverseDive,1Twist --- --- 2.1 ---5321 Reverse1SS,½Twist --- --- --- 1.85322 Reverse1SS,1Twist --- --- --- 2.05323 Reverse1SS,1½Twists --- --- --- 2.45325 Reverse1SS,2½Twists --- --- --- 2.85331 Reverse1½SS,½Twist --- --- --- 2.25333 Reverse1½SS,1½Twists --- --- --- 2.65335 Reverse1½SS,2½Twists --- --- --- 3.05351 Reverse2½SS,½Twists 2.7 2.9 --- ---5411 InwardDive,½Twist --- 1.7 2.0 ---5412 InwardDive,1Twist --- 1.9 2.2 ---5421 Inward1SS,½Twist --- --- --- 1.95422 Inward1SS,1Twist --- --- --- 2.15432 Inward1½SS,1Twist --- --- --- 2.75434 Inward1½SS,2Twists --- --- --- 3.1

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NFHSDIVESILHOUETTES

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CONTRIBUTORSTOTHISPUBLICATION

ColoradoHighSchoolActivitiesAssociationCaliforniaInterscholasticFederationDelawareSwimmingandDivingOfficialsAssociationIndianaHighSchoolAthleticAssociationIowaHighSchoolAthleticAssociationMichiganHighSchoolAthleticAssociationMissouriStateHighSchoolActivitiesAssociationMembersoftheNFHSSwimmingandDivingRulesCommitteesNebraskaSchoolActivitiesAssociationNewYorkStateCertifiedSwimmingOfficialsAssociationNationalInterscholasticSwimCoachesAssociationNorthCarolinaHighSchoolAthleticAssociationNorthDakotaHighSchoolActivitiesAssociationNorthDakotaOfficials’AssociationOhioHighSchoolAthleticAssociationPennsylvaniaInterscholasticAthleticAssociationSouthDakotaHighSchoolAthleticAssociationUtahHighSchoolActivitiesAssociationWisconsinInterscholasticAthleticAssociation

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