SPLOS/30/CRP.1 Distr.: General 6 April 2020 Original: English Thirtieth Meeting New York, 15–19 June 2020 Item 13 of the provisional agenda* Election of seven members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Complete curricula vitae of candidates nominated by States Parties for election to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, including list of publications Note by the Registrar The Registrar hereby submits to the Meeting of States Parties the curricula vitae of the candidates nominated by States parties for the election of members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, which will be held at the thirtieth Meeting of States Parties (see annex). A list of the candidates nominated by States parties is contained in document SPLOS/30/8. * SPLOS/30/L.1/Rev.1.
Transcript
SPLOS/30/CRP.1
Distr.: General 6 April 2020 Original: English
Thirtieth Meeting New York, 15–19 June 2020 Item 13 of the provisional agenda* Election of seven members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
Complete curricula vitae of candidates nominated by States Parties for election to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, including list of publications
Note by the Registrar
The Registrar hereby submits to the Meeting of States Parties the curricula vitae of the candidates nominated by States parties for the election of members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, which will be held at the thirtieth Meeting of States Parties (see annex). A list of the candidates nominated by States parties is contained in document SPLOS/30/8.
Complete curricula vitae of candidates nominated by States parties for election to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, including list of publications*
* Curricula vitae are issued without formal editing.
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Attard, David J. (Malta)
General Information
Date of birth: 29 March 1953
Languages: Fluent: English, Italian and Maltese Working Knowledge: French and Spanish
Scholarships: 1973 Council of Europe, Strasbourg
1976 American Legal Studies, Harvard Seminar, Salzburg
1977 British Council, Oxford
1978 Nuffield Foundation, Researchship, Oxford
1994 Italian Scientific Research Council, Rome
2000 Fulbright Scholarship, Washington D.C.
Prizes/awards: 1987 Paul Guggenheim Prize for Public International Law, Geneva
1988 MUYAP Award, Istanbul
1993 Thorn/EMI Intellectual Property Award, London
1998 Lega Navale “DIOSCURI Prize”, Catania
2003 Chevalier de l’Ordre National de La Legion d’Honneur, France
2007 The Courts of Justice of Thailand, Certificate of Appreciation, Thailand
2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climite Change, Certificate for Contributing to the Award of the Nobel Peace Prize, Switzerland
2007 Officer, National Order of Merit, Malta
2009 Encomienda de Número de la Orden de Isabel la Católica, Spain
2010 Grande Ufficiale, Order of Merit, Italian Republic
Professional qualifications: Advocate, Malta
Barrister-at-Law, Middle Temple, London
Academic
(a) Academic Qualifications
1977 Diploma Notary Public (University of Malta)
1978 Doctor of Laws (LL.D. University of Malta)
1986 Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil. University of Oxford)
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(b) Academic Appointments
1986 Associate Professor in the Department of Public Law, University of Malta
1988 Full Professor of Public International Law, University of Malta
1989 Visiting Professor, International Maritime Law, IMO International Maritime Law Institute, Malta
1990 UNEP Chair of Environmental Diplomacy, Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
1992 Director, IMO International Maritime Law Institute, Malta
1994 Visiting Professor of International Law of the Sea, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
1995 Visiting Professor on the Law of the Sea, College of Foreign Affairs, Beijing
1998 Visiting Senior Research Fellow on the Law of the Sea, University of Oxford
2000 Fulbright Scholar on the Law of the Sea, Yale Law School
2001 Titular Member, Comité Maritime International
2002 Honorary Member, Comité Maritime International
2007 Visiting Professor on the Law of the Sea, University Pantheon- Sorbonne, Paris
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
2011 Elected Judge
2011 Member, Chamber of Summary Procedure
2011 Member, Chamber for Fisheries Disputes
2011 Member, Committee of Rules and Judicial Practice
2011 Member, Committee on Staff and Administration
2011 Member, Committee on Buildings and Electronic Systems
2011 Member, Committee on Public Relations
2014 Member, Chamber of Summary Procedure
2014 Member, Chamber for Fisheries Disputes
2014 Member, Chamber for Maritime Environment Disputes
2014 Member, Committee Budget and Finance
2014 Member, Committee Staff and Administration
2014 Member, Committee Library
2017 Elected Vice President
2017 Member, Seabed Dispute Chamber
2017 Member, Chamber of Summary Procedure
2017 Member, Chamber for Maritime Delimitation Disputes
2017 Member, Committee on Rules and Judicial Practice
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IMO International Maritime Law Institute
Professor Attard has been for over thirty years teaching international law of the sea at the IMO International Maritime Law Institute, where he is currently the Director. This institution was established to train government officials mainly from developing States in the whole spectrum of international maritime law. A special feature of teaching at the Institute is training participants in the techniques of incorporating and implementing international maritime treaty rules into their domestic legal systems. To date 1008 participants from 146 States have been trained at the Institute, which has been under Professor Attard’s direction for over 27 years.
United Nations Appointments
1988 Special Adviser to the IMO Secretary-General, London
1989 Special Senior Legal Adviser to the UNEP Executive Director, Nairobi/Geneva
International Appointments
1988 Member, United Nations Group of Experts on Petroleum Law, Paris
Member, Committee of Experts on the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution, Valletta
1989 Elected Co-Chairman of Legal Experts
Group to present working document on legal and policy issues to the Ministerial Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, Netherlands
Member, Board of Governors of the IMO International Maritime Law Institute, Malta
Member, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (UNEP/WMO) Working Group on the Drafting of an International Convention on Climate, Geneva
Member, Council of Europe Group of Experts on Public International Law, Strasbourg
1990 Member, Board of Governors, Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
Member, World Academy of Art and Science (nominated by Professor M. Reisman [Yale Law School]), Sweden
Member, Board of Advisers, Climate Institute, Washington D.C.
Adviser to President of the United Nations General Assembly, New York
1991 Chairman, UNITAR Working Group on Environmental Diplomacy, Geneva
1993 Co-ordinator, EU/MED CAMPUS course on Maritime Legal Problems in the Mediterranean, Rome
Vice Chairman, Board of Governors, Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
1997 Co-ordinator, with Professor Paul Kennedy (Yale Institute of Security Studies), of the Symposium “Law, Strategy and Policy in the Mediterranean: Past, Present and Future”, Yale University
1998 Member, National Group of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, The Hague
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2004 Convenor, National Group of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, The Hague
2019 Member, Board of Advisers, International Law Studies, Naval War College, Rhode Island, USA
National Appointments
1986 Member, Malta Oceanographic Commission
Consultant on International Maritime Legislation to the Parliamentary Secretary on Maritime Affairs
Member of the National Committee on the Offshore Business Legislation
Member of and Legal Advisor to the Malta Oil Exploration Division, Office of the Prime Minister, Malta
1988 Legal Consultant to the Prime Minister, Malta
Personal Advisor to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Malta
Chairman, Oil Exploration Division, Office of the Prime Minister, Malta
Chairman, Malta Jurisdiction Commission, Office of the Prime Minister, Malta
1989 Member, Malta Council for Science and Technology
1989 Adviser to the Minister of Foreign Affairs
1998 Chairman, Malta Arbitration Centre
Diplomatic Appointments
1986 Member of and Consultant to the Maltese Delegation to the International Maritime Organization General Assembly
1987 Head of the Maltese Delegation to the United Nations Preparatory Commission on Deep Sea Mining and the Law of the Sea Tribunal, New York
Special Envoy of the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the United Nations Secretary-General, New York
1988 Special Envoy of the Maltese Foreign Minister to the Government of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
Special Envoy of the Maltese Foreign Minister to the Government of the United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi
Adviser to the Maltese Delegation to the 43rd Session of the United Nations General Assembly, New York
Representative of Malta at the 2nd Committee (Economic) of the United Nations General Assembly, New York
Principal Delegate to the UNEP/WMO Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva
1989 Personal Representative of the Maltese Prime Minister to the Heads of States and Governments Meeting on the Global Atmosphere, The Hague
Head of the Maltese Delegation to the UNEP Governing Council, Nairobi
1990 Ambassador, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malta
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Member of Maltese Delegation to the IMO Diplomatic Conference on the Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response Convention, London
1991 Adviser to the Maltese Delegation to the CSCE meeting on the Settlement of Peaceful Disputes, Valletta
Head of the Maltese Delegation to the United Nations Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on the Framework Convention on Climate Change, Washington D.C./Geneva/ Nairobi
1992 Head of Maltese Delegation responsible for negotiating Malta’s Continental Shelf boundaries
1994 Head of Delegation to the Law of the Sea Meeting, New York
1995 Representative of Malta to the U.N. Congress on International Law
2000 Chairman of the Maritime Jurisdiction Commission at the Office of the Prime Minister, Malta
University of Malta Appointments
1972 Faculty Board of Laws (Student Representative)
1974 President, Students’ Representative Council
1974 Senate (Student Representative)
1976 Finance Committee
1976 Council (Student Representative)
1987 Council (Appointed by the Prime Minister of Malta)
Selection Board for posts in the Department of Social Studies
1989 Honoris Causa Committee
1991 Academic Promotions Board
1992 Head of the Department of International Law
2007 President of University Council
2011 Chancellor of the University
Academic Experience
1977 Lectured on “Mediterranean Regional Problems” at Colgate University (United States)
1977 Lectured on the “Law of the Sea and the Mediterranean”, University of Malta
1978 Lectured on “Legal Aspects of Mediterranean Regional Institutions”, University of Malta
1980 Lectured on various aspects of Public International Law, Colgate University and at Syracuse University, United States
1981 Appointed examiner for the doctorate thesis by the Faculty Board of Laws, University of Malta
1984 Lectured on the International Arbitral Process, Civil Law Department, University of Malta
1985 Visiting Lecturer in the department of Public Law, University of Malta
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1987 Co-ordinator for Diplomatic Studies, University of Malta
1987 Lectured on “The Law of the Sea and the Mediterranean” at the International Ocean Institute, Malta
1988 Co-ordinator for the International Relations, Mediterranean Relations Programme, University of Malta
1988 Co-ordinator and lecturer at the Faculty of Laws in International Law and the Law of the Sea
1989 Lecturer in International Law and Law of the Sea, IMO International Maritime Law Institute, Malta
1989 Co-ordinator for the International Law Programme, Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
1992 Co-ordinator for the International Law of the Sea Programme, IMO International Maritime Law Institute, Malta
Research Interests
(1) International Law of the Sea
Whilst at the University of Oxford, Professor Attard undertook research on the exclusive economic zone in the new law of the sea. This research formed the basis of his work entitled “The Exclusive Economic Zone in International Law”. Oxford University Press published it in book form – under its “Clarendon Press” academic imprint – in 1987. He continues to take a deep interest in the study of the law of the sea. Currently, he is undertaking research in respect of two books he is writing. The first is a practitioner’s handbook on the Law of the Sea. The second deals with the international regime regulating the exploration and exploitation of the continental shelf resources (particularly oil and gas) and will complement his work on the exclusive economic zone.
Professor Attard is the General Editor of the three volumes entitled “The IMLI Manual on International Law”, published by Oxford University Press in 2014 and 2016.
He is also the General Academic Coordinator and Editor of the three volumes “The IMLI Treatise on Global Ocean Governance”, published in 2018 by Oxford University Press.
(2) International Environmental Law
For a number of years, Professor Attard has been active in the study of the law relating to the protection of the environment. In 1988, he advised the Maltese Government to raise the question of the Global Climate at the U.N. He was a key drafter of General Assembly Resolution 43/53 of December 6th, 1988 which was unanimously approved and initiated a process which culminated in the adoption of the 1992 U.N. Climate Convention.
Professor Attard continues to take an active interest in the subject especially on its interaction with law of the sea, and IMO legal instruments.
(3) International Human Rights Enforcement
Since 1977, Professor Attard has been active in promoting the recognition and enforcement of human rights, both nationally and internationally. He was responsible for establishing the Human Rights Research Unit (1987) and the International Human Rights Programme (1989) at the University of Malta in collaboration with the Human
Rights Division at the Council of Europe. He has written a collection of studies on the “Maltese Legal System”, published by University of Malta: Volume 1 deals with an introduction to the Maltese Legal System; Volume 2 deals with the Maltese Constitution with special reference to its human rights and fundamental freedoms provisions; and Volume 3 deals specifically with the Maltese and European Court of Human Rights jurisprudence.
Furthermore, Professor Attard is working on a manual dealing with human rights in the Law of the Sea, which will be published in 2020.
Conference Papers and Participation
1975 Presented a paper entitled “Some Aspects of the New International Economic Order” to a UNESCO meeting on the New International Economic Order, Oran
1976 Presented a paper entitled “The E.E.C. and its relation to the Mediterranean” to a meeting organized by the Union of Spanish University Students, Madrid
Presented a paper entitled “Mediterranean Co-operation” to a joint meeting of the Club of Rome/Pacem in Maribus, Algiers
Presented a paper entitled “The New Law of the Sea” at the Sonnenburg Conference, Malta
1978 Participated in a meeting of Legal Experts on Deep Sea Mining held at the University of Malta
1980 Participated in the I.O.I. International Meeting on the Exclusive Economic Zone held at the U.N. Headquarters, New York
Participated as Legal Advisor for the Mediterranean in the IFPI International Annual Conference, Copenhagen
Participated in the Biannual Conference of the I.L.A., Belgrade
1984 Participated in the Biannual Conference of the I.L.A., Paris
Presented a paper entitled “State Practice on Maritime Jurisdiction” to a public meeting of the I.L.A. Committee on the Exclusive Economic Zone, Paris
1985 Panel speaker in a forum on the 1985 Judgment of the International Court on the Continental Shelf Dispute between Malta and Libya, organized by the Ghaqda Studenti tal-Ligi at the University of Malta
1986 Presented a paper entitled “The Legal Regime relating to the Exploration and Exploitation of Non-Living Resources” in the Conference “The Mediterranean in the New Law of the Sea, Malta
1987 Presented a paper on “The U.N. and Youth” in a seminar organized by the Ministry of Education (Youth Section), Malta
Presented a paper on “Maritime Boundaries in the Mediterranean” to the Summer Session of the Euro Arab University
Attended meetings and sessions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva
1988 Participated in the Meeting of Legal and Policy Experts on the Protection of the Environment, Ottawa
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Member of the drafting committee of the Hague Declaration on the Global Atmosphere under the Chairmanship of Prime Ministers Rochard, Lubbers and Brundtland
Attended the UNEP Conference on Climate Change, Cairo
1989 Participated in ENEP Group of Legal Experts to consider the Common Concern of Mankind, Malta, Geneva
1990 Participated in the Colloquium on Neutrality and Non-Alignment in the Post-Cold War Era, organized by the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
1991 Participated in a Colloquium on the Legal Protection of the Environment Beyond the Limits of National Jurisdiction, organized by the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
Participated in a Workshop on the Training needs of Palestinian Diplomacy, organized by the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, Malta
1994 Speaker at the Conference on Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Gulf Region, Dubai
1995 Lectured on Current Developments in International Environmental Law, Diplomatic Community Association; Beijing
Lectured on the 1982 U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea at the China Oceanic Administration, Beijing
1997 Speaker at the Forum on the Mediterranean Maritime Heritage entitled “The International Regime for the Protection of Archaeological and Historical Objects found at Sea: A Mediterranean Perspective”, Maritime Museum, Malta
Speaker at the Seminar organized by the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies on Environmental/Economic Diplomacy: Some Observations with Special Reference to the Mediterranean
Speaker at the Seminar organized by the Lega Navale Italiana (Sezione di Agrigento e Porto Empedocle): “Aspetti Internazionali di Diritto del Mare”
1998 Speaker at the Seminar organized by the European Law Students’ Association (ELSA) on “The Status and Functions of the Malta Arbitration Centre under Act No. II of 1996”
1999 “Specificities of Mediterranean Shipping”, Speech delivered at the International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF) Conference, Malta
2000 Opinion submitted to the United Nations Transitional Administration for East Timor (UNTAET) on several issues relating to the delimitation of maritime areas lying between East Timor and Australia
2001 Chaired an ELSA Panel on Human Rights and the Mediterranean Perspective, with speakers from the European Court of Human Rights
2003 Participated in the Tenth Ambassadors’ Conference, organized by the Maltese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Speech delivered entitled “Malta’s issues on Delimitation”
2010 ‘Mediterranean Maritime Jurisdictional Claims: A Review’. Lecture delivered as part of The Hamburg Lectures on Maritime Affairs, a joint venture of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and the International Max Planck Research School for Maritime Affairs, both established in Hamburg
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2011 Annual Lecture at the Summer Academy of the International Foundation on the Law of the Sea on ‘Maritime Zones and Jurisdiction’, Hamburg
2017 Keynote speech entitled ‘Protecting the Womb of Life: The Role of the Law of the Sea in the 21st Century’ organized by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea and the Korean Society of International Law, Korea
Lecture entitled ‘The Importance of International Maritime Law in the exercise of the Peaceful Uses of the Sea: an Achilles Heel’, Conference organized by the Navy of Mexico, Vera Cruz
‘Enforcement of International Maritime Law’, Lecture delivered at the Centros des Studios Superiores Navales (CESNAV), Mexico City
2019 ‘Challenges of Ocean Governance’, Lecture delivered at the 2018–2019 ITLOS-Nippon Fellows Programme, ITLOS, Hamburg
‘IMLI Capacity Building’, address at the Oceans Ambassadors Meeting, Malta
‘New Directions in International Maritime Shipping’, address delivered at the Closing Ceremony of the ELSA Summer Law School, Malta
Moderator of International Panel on ‘Climate Change and the Law of the Sea’ at the 2019 International Conference on the Law of the Sea, organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Korea, ITLOS, and the Korean Society of International Law, Seoul, Korea
Keynote speech entitled ‘The Role of Ports in Maritime Law’ delivered at the Seminar ‘Do Ports have need International Regulation’ organized by IMO, IMLI and Hutchison Ports, held at IMO, London
‘Ocean Governance’, Lecture delivered at the 2019–2020 ITLOS-Nippon Fellows Programme, ITLOS, Hamburg
Keynote speech entitled “Capacity Building Opportunities in the Law of the Sea” delivered at the United Nations, New York, USA
Speech entitled ‘ITLOS and Climate Change’, delivered at The Malta Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Trade Promotion event entitled “Pursuing Common Goals: Perspectives of Malta’s Foreign Policy”
Professional Experience
(a) Legal Practice
Over the years, Professor Attard has been successful in establishing a Malta-based international legal practice, specializing in public international law, commercial law, oil and gas law, intellectual property law, maritime law and finance law. His clients were generally Middle East, or Mediterranean based. They ranged from Governments to industrial groups. His work has taken him on assignments to the following States: Bahrain, Belgium, Cyprus, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
In 2000, the United Nations Transnational Administration for East Timor sought the advice of Professor Attard on the question of maritime delimitation in the area between East Timor and Australia.
Professor Attard has been particularly active in the field of maritime boundary delimitations (continental shelf boundaries, exclusive economic zone/exclusive
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fishery zone boundaries, and single maritime boundaries). He has advised, represented and negotiated on questions of maritime delimitation United Nations bodies, Governments, and international corporations.
In his capacity as legal advisor to the Maltese Government, Professor Attard has been regularly consulted on international law problems. He has also been instructed to draft legislative acts.
(b) Membership in Professional Societies
World Academy of Art & Science
American Society of International Law (Washington)
Oxford Law Society (Oxford) (Convenor, Malta Branch)
Middle Temple, London
Chamber of Advocates (Malta)
Comité Maritime International
Publications
(a) Books
The Exclusive Economic Zone in International Law (Oxford University Press/Clarendon Press) This book was the first in a new series entitled “Oxford Monographs in International Law”. In 1988 it won the Paul Guggenheim Prize (Geneva University) which is awarded every two years by a panel of publicists to “a work of International Law which is distinguished by its exceptional quality and which is the first outstanding work of its author”.
General Editor of IMLI Manual on International Maritime Law (3 volumes) (Oxford University Press)
General Academic Coordinator and Editor of the IMLI Treatise on Global Ocean Governance (3 volumes) (Oxford University Press)
(b) Articles
“Investment in Maltese Human Capital”, Cobweb-Economic Journal (1974)
“The Right to Strike: A Comparative Study”, Cobweb-Economic Journal (1975)
“The New Economic Order: Myth or Reality”, Cobweb-Economic Journal (1976)
“Bahar ta’ Paci”, Illum (1976)
“Towards a Mediterranean Consciousness” MSM Proceedings (1976) (International Ocean Institute)
“Rio-Reshaping the International Order”, S.T.O.M. (1976)
“Mankind’s Interdependence: Club of Rome Report”, S.T.O.M. (1976)
“Prevention of Oil Pollution in the Mediterranean”, S.T.O.M. (1976)
“A New Constitution to Govern Ocean Space”, S.T.O.M. (1976)
The New Law of the Sea and the Mediterranean (1976, 1977)
“Fluctibus Haud Aequis: A Brief Analysis of the Current Talks on the New Law of the Sea”, The Law Journal (1976)
Malta’s 1967 Initiative on U.N. on Sea-bed Problems, (1976)
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“Who will Own the Sea Around Us?”, S.T.O.M. (1977)
“Will Malta Replace Jamaica as Home for the I.S.A.?”, S.T.O.M. (1977)
The Exclusive Economic Zone (University of Oxford) (1979)
“Malta’s Growing Interest in the Law of the Sea”, Perspective (1978)
“The Current Status of the EEZ in International Law”, I.L.A. Proceedings (1984)
“The Relationship between the EEZ and the Continental Shelf”, I.L.A. Proceedings (1984)
“European Rights – At Last”, Daily Telegraph (LONDON) (2 August 1985)
“Delimitation by a Single Maritime Boundary”, Id-Dritt (law journal) Vol. XIII (1985)
“The Delimitation of the Continental Shelf and the Exclusive Economic Zone in the Mediterranean Sea”, Il regime giuridico internazionale del Mare Mediterraneo (V. Leanza Editor) (1987)
“Some Aspects of the Legal Regime relating to the Allocation and Utilization of Mineral Resources”, The Mediterranean in the new Law of the Sea (1987)
“Exploitation of Offshore Mineral Resources”, in Cope News (Part I, March 1987), Part II, April 1987)
Oration delivered on the occasion of the conferment of the Honorary Degree on H.E. Mr. Chandrika Prasad Srivastava, Secretary-General of the IMO, October 1988, University of Malta
Statement on the need to conclude an International Convention on Climate delivered to the 2nd Committee of the United Nations General Assembly, Records of the 43rd Session of the U.N. General Assembly (1988)
“Joint Developments of Non-Living Marine Resources”, I.L.A. Proceedings (1988)
CLIMATE CHANGE, Foundation of International Studies (1989)
“Possible Elements for an International Legal and Institutional Strategy on Climate Change and Global Warming”, in Proceedings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (February 1989)
“The 1985 Continental Shelf (Libyan Arab Jamahirija/Malta) Judgment: A Brief Analysis”, in De Jure, Vol. 1, No. 3 (January 1989)
“Protection of Global Climate: A Review of Developments”, Id-dritt (law journal) Vol. XIV (1989)
“Global Climate Change – The Maltese Initiative”, World Medical Journal (1992)
Oration delivered on the occasion of the conferment of the Honorary Degree on H.E. Dr. M. Soares, President of Portugal, (October 1994), University of Malta
“The Arrest of Ships: Current Legal Developments” Journal of the International Ship Suppliers Association, December 1994
“The Universal Constitution for the Oceans”, oration delivered at the unveiling of the Law of the Sea Monument, (February 1995), University of Malta (Published in Law Journal)
“The Exclusive Economic Zone: Current Developments”, lecture delivered to members of the Diplomatic Community, Beijing, March 1995 (MFA Lecture)
“Mare Clausum v. Mare Liberum” in Proceedings of the ELSA Seminar on Maritime Law (1996).
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“The International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships: The Process of Revision”, The ELSA Law Review, Number 1 (1996)
“The Law of the Sea and Jurisdictional Issues in the Mediterranean”, co-author, in Naval Strategy and Policy in the Mediterranean, Past, Present and Future, edited by John B. Hattendorf with a Foreword by Paul Kennedy (1997)
The Relevance of the “Consolato Di Mare” to the Development of Contemporary International Maritime Law, Historical Roots of Contemporary International and Regional Issues, Occasional Paper Series, No. 13, International Security Studies, Yale University (1997)
“The International Regime for the Protection of Archaeological and Historical Objects found at Sea”, Records of the Forum for the Debate on the Mediterranean Maritime Heritage (1997)
“For an Effective International Law: From the Preparatory Committee to the Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of an International Criminal Court - The Commitment of the International Community”, Mediterranean Journal of Human Rights (1998)
“Opening Session – Address by Professor David Attard”, Part II – The Work of the CMI, CMI 37th Conference, Singapore (2001)
“The Delimitation of Maritime Zones: Some Mediterranean Experiences”, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Traffic Science, University of Ljubljana (2001)
“A Universal Constitution for the Oceans”, Id-Dritt (law journal) Vol. XVIII (2002)
(c) Editorship
1976 Established and edited The Journal of Educational Affairs, University of Malta
1985 Appointed by the American Society of International Law as a “corresponding editor” of its publication International Legal Materials
1989 Member of the editorial board of the Journal of International Boundary Studies, University of Durham
1991 – 1998 Editor, IMLI News, Official Newsletter of the IMO International Maritime Law Institute
1997 Co-author, book entitled The U.N. New Horizons – Perspectives on Restructuring the United Nations, The University of Malta
1998 -2001 Maritime Law editor, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, Oxford University Press
2017 Advisory Board Member, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Comparative Constitutional Law, Oxford University Press
(d) Reviewer
Appointed a book reviewer for the British Yearbook of International Law, and American Journal of International Law
(e) Journalism
Frequent contributor to a number of Maltese and foreign newspapers including the London Times and Daily Telegraph
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(f) Assisted in the Preparation
“The Freedom of the High Seas and the Exclusive Economic Zone: The Problems of Interactions”, Report of the International Law Association Committee on the Exclusive Economic Zone (1984)
The International Law of the Sea, D.P. O’Connell (Two Volumes), (Clarendon Press, 1983)
International Copyright and Neighbouring Rights, S. Steward Q.C. (Butterworth, 1983)
“The Joint Development of Non-Living Resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone” Report of the International Law Association Committee on the Exclusive Economic Zone (1988)
The Common Concern of Mankind, (UNEP, 1989)
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Brown, Kathy-Ann (Jamaica)
As an academic and practitioner for thirty-five years, Dr. Brown is well versed in international law, having researched, published, taught, advised and provided technical assistance on various aspects of international law and, in particular, the law of the sea. Dr. Brown pursued her doctoral studies at Osgoode Hall, York University, Canada, as a recipient of a Canadian Commonwealth Scholarship, and focussed her research on the Area, that is, the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof, beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. She also studied the Law of the Sea at Cambridge University, England, where she did her Masters, and conversely, taught Law of the Sea at the Masters level at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Barbados, where she pursued her undergraduate law degree and was awarded The Vice Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Human Rights. The role of the law in protecting and promoting the sustainable development of the individual, peoples, States and the global commons inspired the course of her distinguished career. She was inducted into the Hall of Eminent International Caribbean Jurists in October 2019.
Having worked for many years in international and regional organizations, most notably, the Commonwealth Secretariat, African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, and the Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery (CRNM), providing technical assistance to developing countries, Dr Brown is keenly aware of the development challenges faced by many States and the importance of the Rule of Law in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). She has placed emphasis on the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) as the Constitution of the Oceans and, as such, the corner stone in the implementation of SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
As Jamaica’s Permanent Representative to the International Seabed Authority (ISA), Dr. Brown’s focus has largely been on the implementation of the UNCLOS and the 1994 Implementing Agreement. The synergies between the work of the ISA and the New York-based negotiations on biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) have called for her involvement in defining national and regional positions on the BBNJ negotiations. Being Jamaica’s lead negotiator in maritime boundary delimitation negotiations since 2009, Dr. Brown has drawn on the wealth of jurisprudence provided by ITLOS, the ICJ and arbitral awards in seeking an equitable solution with neighbouring States in defining Jamaica’s maritime boundaries in accordance with the UNCLOS.
University and Professional Education
Doctor of Jurisprudence (Ph.D.), York University, Osgoode Hall Law School, Canada (1992)
Thesis: “The Common Heritage of Humankind: The Status of the Deep Seabed – Legal and Political Realities”
United Nations DPI Graduate Student Programme, New York (1986)
Certificate of Legal Education, Norman Manley Law School, Jamaica (1984)
Member, Jamaican Bar
Master of Laws (International Law) Cambridge University, Faculty of Law, England (1982)
Bachelor of Laws University of the West Indies, Faculty of Law, Barbados (1981)
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Awards
Induction into the Hall of Eminent International Caribbean Jurists – (October 2019)
Received scholarships to pursue familiarization tours and postgraduate studies from the U.S. Department of State under the named International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) (1997); the United Nations Fellowship Programme (1995) and the Canadian Commonwealth Scholarship – (1984–89).
Recipient of the H.H. Dunn Award for Outstanding Work in Conveyancing from the Norman Manley Law School (1984); the University of the West Indies Vice Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Human Rights (1981) and the University of the West Indies’ Mark of Merit (1979).
Professional Experience
Permanent Representative of Jamaica to the International Seabed Authority (ISA) (since 2018)
Deputy Permanent Representative and member of Jamaica’s Delegation to the International Seabed Authority (2014–2017)
Chief Technical Advisor to the Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister of Jamaica (since2019)
Serves as a liaison between the Prime Minister and all international and regional organizations, including the United Nations, the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Organization of American States, and the Caribbean Community.
Adjunct Lecturer on Advanced International Law, LLM, Faculty of Law, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus (since 2019)
Deputy Solicitor General, International Affairs Division, Attorney General's Chambers, Jamaica (2008–2019)
Represented the Government of Jamaica in bilateral, regional and international negotiations.
Member of the National Consultative Group on the International Court of Justice (since 2014)
Alternate to the Attorney General on the Council of Legal Education (2009–2013; 2016–2019)
Representative of Jamaica at numerous international conferences addressing the international drug conventions and other international matters of growing significance including biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and in international commercial arbitration and before the Caribbean Court of Justice in its Original Jurisdiction.
Consultant, CARICOM/Caribbean Development Bank study, “Determination of the EPA-Compliant Legislative Framework for Jamaica in relation to Title II of the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement” (2012)
Consultant, IDB study, “Assessment of Regulation in Services in the Caribbean – a review of the legislation of Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago” (2012)
Consultant, OAS study on OECS, “Implementing the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement: Legal review and design of projects in trade in services and investment” (2011)
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Consultant, Commonwealth Secretariat external consultant to provide support to Belize in its preparations for its 2010 WTO Trade Policy Review (2010)
Consultant, OAS study on Belize, “Implementing the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement: legal review and design of projects” (2010)
Deputy Director/Adviser (Legal), Economic and Legal Section of the Special Advisory Services Division, Commonwealth Secretariat (2003–2008)
– Provided technical assistance to Commonwealth developing countries, in particular LDCs, low-income countries, and small economies in trade-related policy reforms consistent with their strategic development objectives, regional trading commitments and WTO rules; a special memorandum of understanding governing assistance to all ACP states (including non-Commonwealth countries)
– Also provided technical support and advice on implementation of WTO accession commitments
Vice-Chair, Commonwealth Secretariat Staff Association (2004–2006)
External Trade Consultant based in the ACP Secretariat, Brussels, providing Commonwealth Secretariat technical assistance to the ACP Group (2002–2003).
Consultant, Commonwealth Secretariat external consultant, “Defining responses to the challenges posed to small developing economies in the multilateral trading system – focusing on regional trading arrangements and contingency protection measures” (2002)
Lecturer-in-Law, Faculty of Law, U.W.I., Barbados (1991–1998)
Course Director: Law of the Sea (L.L.M Programme); Public International Law; Foreign Private Investment (L.L.M Programme); International Development and Economic Law; and Law of International Organizations (LL.B. Programme 1992–97)
Consultant with the Barbados Negotiating Team on the Barbados/US Maritime Counter-Narcotics Agreement (1997)
IDB Project Consultant on Intellectual Property Laws in the Caribbean (one of five regional consultants with specific responsibility for Barbados, 1997–98)
Crown Counsel, Attorney General's Department, Government of Jamaica (1991–1991)
Counsel with involvement in the following Caribbean Court of Justice cases
Trinidad Cement Ltd v. The Caribbean Community, Application No. OA 1 of 2009, [2009] CCJ 4 (OJ) – In this case, the CCJ first established that the power of judicial review was implicit in its mandate. However, in carrying out such review the Court must strike a balance and should not frustrate or hinder the ability of Community organs and bodies in fulfilling their roles which will invariably be guided by an assessment of economic facts, trends and situations for which no firm standards exist.
Shanique Myrie v. Barbados (Request for leave to intervene by Jamaica) Application No. OA 002 of 2012, [2012] CCJ 3 (OJ) – In overruling the objections of the Respondent the CCJ found that the Intervenor had a substantial interest of a legal
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nature that extended beyond the instant proceedings as Community Law embraced a system of binding precedent for all Member States and the Community.
Shanique Myrie v. Barbados (with Jamaica as Intervener) OA 002 of 2012, [2013] CCJ 1 (OJ) – This landmark decision enshrined the right of free movement for all Community nationals and clarified the limitations on the Court’s jurisdiction in awarding damages for human or fundamental rights breaches.
Counsel with Involvement in the Following WTO DSB Cases
European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas (Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Ecuador) – collaboration with CARICOM Third Parties and Counsel as well as ACP Counsel
United States – Import Measures on Certain Products from the European Communities – Oral submission on behalf of the Commonwealth of Dominica and Saint Lucia before the Panel
United States - Section 301-310 of the Trade Act of 1974 – Oral submission on behalf of the Commonwealth of Dominica and Saint Lucia; and written responses to questions posed to Third Parties on behalf of the Commonwealth of Dominica and Saint Lucia
United States - Import Measures on Certain Products from the European Communities – Written and oral submissions on behalf of the Commonwealth of Dominica and Saint Lucia before the WTO Appellate Body
European Communities – Export Subsidies on Sugar (request for consultations by Australia and Brazil, DS266) – consultations with ACP Third Parties and oral statement on behalf of St Kitts & Nevis
European Communities – The ACP-EC Partnership Agreement – Recourse to Arbitration Pursuant to the Decision of 14 November 2001, Award of the Arbitrator, WT/L/616, dated 1 August 2005 (Provision of legal assistance to the ACP Secretariat)
European Communities – The ACP-EC Partnership Agreement – Second Recourse to Arbitration Pursuant to the Decision of 14 November 2001, Award of the Arbitrator, WT/L/625, dated 27 October 2005 (Provision of legal assistance to ACP Commonwealth banana exporting countries)
European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas – Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Ecuador (Provision of legal assistance to ACP Secretariat)
European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas – Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by the United States (Provision of legal assistance to ACP Secretariat)
Panellist in Japan – Measures Affecting the Importation of Apples (2002/3)
Arbitrator in Japan – Measures Affecting the Importation of Apples: Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by the United States (2004/5)
Lead Negotiator for CARICOM in Negotiating Group on Subsidies, Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Measures in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA, 1999–2001)
Publications (Selected)
“Will history record the victory of John Selden’s thesis, ‘mare clausum’ in the interest of protecting biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction?”Eminent Caribbean International Law Jurists: The Rule of International Law in the Caribbean, (W. Anderson,
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ed.) (The CCJ Academy for Law: The CCJ Academy for Law’s Eminent Caribbean Jurists Series, Oct. 2019), Chapter 17
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Summary Report”, IDB-TN-566, April 2013
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Horizontal Measures”, IDB-TN-567, April 2013
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Information and Communications Technology”, IDB-TN-568, April 2013
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Transport Services”, IDB-TN-569, April 2013
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Professional Services”, IDB-TN-570, April 2013
“Services Regulation in the Caribbean: Tourism Services”, IDB-TN-571, April 2013
“FATCA and the IGAs in a nutshell …” Jambar Journal, Vol. 26, 2013
“WTO Jurisprudence on Regional Trade Regimes,” Presentation at the Second Caribbean Academy of Law and Court Administration (CALCA) Seminar on International Law, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Port of Spain Trinidad and Tobago, September 24-28, 2012 (Thomson Reuters)
“Coherence, Energy, Subsidies, Carbon Taxes and the CSME” (2009) http://www.cavehill.uwi.edu/clic/symposium/presentations/kab.pdf
“Opinion on the General Preferential Regime Applicable to Imports of Goods Originating in ACP Non-LDC Failing the Conclusion and Entry into Force of EPAs by 1 January 2008” (Commonwealth Secretariat, 2007)
“Can Donors Help Countries to Negotiate and Maintain their Rights under Trade Agreements?” Trade and Aid: Partners or Rivals in Development Policy?, Sheila page (ed.) (Cameron May, 2006) pp. 245-275
“Defining our Vulnerability: The Commodity Protocols and WTO Rules”, The Multilateral Aspects of the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement, Berthelot & Robin (eds.) (Agence Francophonie & Commonwealth Secretariat, 2002) pp. 117 -123
Commentary on Tangermann’s paper on the future of preferential trade arrangements for developing countries and the current round of WTO negotiations on agriculture, FAO Papers on Selected Issues Relating to the WTO Negotiations on Agriculture (FAO 2002) pp. 108-115
“What Economic Integration in the Hemisphere Means to Florida Industries: Now and in 2005”, University of Florida Levin College of Law’s Second Annual Conference on Legal and Policy Issues in the Americas (2001) 14 Fla J. Int’l L. 79 et seq.
Trade Law Commentary, “Finding a Place for Small Developing Economies in the World Trade Organization”, World Trade Agenda, April 2001, pp. 12-13
“Access to Industrialized Country Markets - a CARICOM Perspective”; EC Parliament, PES Group, ‘Towards a Development Round: A Seminar on the WTO Millennium Round and Developing Countries’ (Brussels, 28/09/2000); (summary presentation published in Report on a Seminar hosted by the PES Group of the European Parliament (Dec. 2000)
“The WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism – A Developing Country Perspective”, Internationale Berliner Wirtschaftsrechtsgespräche, Ulrich Immenga / Natalie Lübben / Hans Peter Schwintowski (Hrsg.) Conflict Resolution in a Global Economy, Proceedings of the Fifth International Trade Law Conference (Humboldt University, May 2000)
“The Shiprider Model: An Analysis of the U.S. Proposed Agreement Concerning Maritime Counter-Drug Operations in its Wider Legal Context” (1997) No.1, Contemporary Caribbean Legal Issues, pp. 1-80
“‘Now that the Ship has Docked ...’: A Postscript to the Shiprider Debate” 1997, No. 67, CARICOM Perspectives
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“The Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations by P.K. Menon” 1992, Scholarly Research and Review, pp. 82-88
“CARICOM: Unity for Survival”, Free Trade in the Americas (An Hemispheric Approach), N. Lacasse & L. Perret (eds.) (Wilson & Lafleur Ltee: Montreal, 1994) pp. 335-368
Expert Presenter on International Law and Trade Issues
National Workshop on the Implications of Non-Compliance on the Implementation of Trade Agreement Obligations, Ministry of International Trade, St. Kitts and Nevis, March 2016, “Trade Policy Implementation: Consultation and Collaboration”, “Implementing Trade Agreements: What’s in it for us?”
Regional Seminar on Trade Policy for Caribbean Parliamentarians, St. Kitts and Nevis Marriott Resort, St. Kitts & Nevis, 25–26 November 2010, “The Structure, Principles and Functioning of the International Trading System (Doha Negotiations) and their Impact on Growth, Development and Welfare in the Caribbean”
“Supporting Commonwealth Countries’ Accession to the WTO”, Husa President Park Hotel, Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 44 1000 Brussels Belgium, 28 June 2010
OECS Consultation on the Reform of Export Subsidy Programmes, Bay Gardens Hotel, Gros Islet, Saint Lucia, May 3–4, 2010
“The Inaugural Symposium: Current Development in Caribbean Community Law” sponsored by the Caribbean Law Institute Centre (CLIC) in association with the CARICOM Secretariat and the Caribbean Court of Justice, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Trinidad, November 9–11, 2009, Session VI: Caribbean Integration and Trade Issues 9–11 November 2009
“Supporting the Commonwealth Response to HIV and AIDS” Seminar and Planning Workshop, October 1–2, 2009, Commonwealth Secretariat, Commonwealth Foundation, Commonwealth HIV and AIDS Action Group and the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, ‘Increasing Access to HIV Treatment – Patent Pools’
OECS/FAO: Workshop on WTO Capacity Building in the OECS: Addressing Implementation Issues on the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) and Participation in the Agriculture Negotiations, 7–8 February, 2003
ACP-EC Post-Doha Seminar, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic – 30 June–1 July 2002, paper presented – “Negotiations on WTO Rules”
ILEAP Nairobi Conference – 4–6 May 2002, paper presented – “Implementation of Trade & Trade-related Agreements at the Country-level: Problems & Needs”
CARICOM Meeting of the Working Group on Global Trade and Economic Issues, including the World Trade Organisation (WTO) issues under the Regional Negotiating Machinery, Guyana, 12–13 September 1997; resource person on – Perspectives on Multilateral Trade and Investment Issues and Recent Developments at the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and Related Organizations in Geneva
Legal Issues Arising from the Uruguay Round Agreements: Caribbean Region Commonwealth WTO workshop, Trinidad & Tobago, 18-22 August 1997; as resource person, papers presented on – “Trade and Development”; “The WTO TRIPs Agreement and the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Laws in the Caribbean”
OAS/UWI Workshop on Legislative Drafting, Barbados, 21 July–15 August 1997; paper presented – “The Legislative Implications of the Agreement Establishing the WTO for the Commonwealth Caribbean”
Treaties: International Agreements - the impact on legal information systems in Commonwealth Caribbean jurisdictions, Caribbean Association of Law Libraries,
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CARALL XII Conference, St. Vincent, 16–18 July 1997; paper presented - “Exposing Secrets: A Call for Transparency in the Treaty Making Process”
United States Trade Policies, USIA International Visitor Program, (Washington, D.C., Raleigh, Cleveland, San Francisco, San Jose) USA, 30 Jan–20 Feb 1997
WIPO Sub-Regional Workshop for Legal Draftsmen of Caribbean Countries on Industrial Property, Barbados, 7–12 October 1996; paper presented – “Implications of the Paris Convention and the TRIPS Agreement on the Drafting of Modern Industrial Property Legislation”
CARICOM/UNCITRAL Regional Seminar on International Trade Law, Barbados, 23–26 April 1996; paper presented - “Party Autonomy and the Role of the Courts in International Arbitration”
Seminar on Arbitration and ADR in the English-speaking Countries of the Caribbean, CLI, Barbados, April 1995; paper presented – “Domestic and International Enforcement of Arbitral Awards”
OECS/UWI Fisheries Surveillance Workshop, Barbados, August 1993; paper presented – “The Role of ‘Authorized Officers’ in the Enforcement of OECS Fisheries Legislation”
Procurement and Contract Negotiations Seminar, Caribbean Development Bank, Barbados, July 1993
Canada and Free Trade in the Americas, University of Ottawa & Carleton University, Canada, October 1992; paper presented – “CARICOM”
The Shiprider Agreement: Passage Beyond Sovereignty – Presented at Public Lectures in Barbados, Jamaica, and Trinidad & Tobago, in April 1997
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Caracciolo, Ida (Italy)
1. Personal Details
Date of birth: 24 November 1961
2. Education and Academic Career
Associate Professor in International Law – University of Naples 2, Faculty of Law (2001–2005)
Researcher in International Law – “Tor Vergata” University, Rome – Faculty of Law (1992–2001)
Inter University Centre of Post-graduate Studies of Dubrovnik, Summer Course on the Law of the Sea in 1990
The Hague Accademy of International Law, Summer Courses on International Public Law in 1989
Law Degree Magna cum Laude – “La Sapienza” University, Rome (1985)
3. Academic and Other Qualifications
Full Professor of International Law, Department of Political Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” (previously Naples 2) (since 2005)
Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration
Alternate Arbitrator in the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration – OSCE
Ad hoc Judge in the European Court of Human Rights
Legal Expert in the Legal Affairs Service of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
Barrister in the Rome Bar
4. Academic Positions
President of the MA Course in “International Relations and Organizations”, Department of Political Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” (since 2010)
Member of the Board of Professors in the PhD Program in “Comparative Law and Integration Processes”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” (since 2002)
Director of the Master’s Degree in “Economy, Politics and Law of the Sea”- Faculty of Political Studies, Second University of Naples (2005–2009)
5. Teaching Activities in Universities
Professor of Advanced International Law (in English), University of Naples “Federico II” (since 2017)
Visiting Professor in International Law and the law of the sea at different foreign universities including:
– the University of Paris 8, France (twice)
– the International Maritime Law Institute (IMO-IMLI), Malta (International Law)
– the University of Townsville, Australia
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– the University Saint-Esprit of Kaslik, Lebanon
6. Teaching Activities in Post-Degree Courses in Institutions of Higher Education
Lecturer on the Law of the Sea in numerous post-degree courses in institutions of higher education and other high training colleges in Italy, including:
– the High Training College for the Italian Judiciary (2019)
– the High Training College for the Italian Financial Police (2019)
– the CASD, Center for High Defence Studies of the Italian Ministry of Defence (since 2012)
– the Italian Institute of Economics and Finance
– the Italian Diplomatic Academy
– the Italian Society for International Organization (SIOI)
– the National School of the Italian Public Administration (SNA)
7. Scientific Research
Head or participant in several research projects on International Law and the Law of the Sea also funded by the Italian National Research Council, including:
– “International Migrations, State, Sovereignty, Human Rights: Open Legal Issues” (since 2019)
– “Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament” (2011–2013)
– “Arctic: Protection and Exploitation” (2008/09)
– “The Protection of the Mediterranean Basin against Pollution and the Establishment of Environmental Protection Zones” (2006/07)
– “International Disputes on Fisheries and the Means for Their Settlement” (1993/95)
– “The Impact of the Rio Conference on Environment and Development on Rational Exploitation of Marine Resources: The Issue of Sustainable Development” (1992/95)
– “The Peaceful Settlement of Disputes and the Codification of the Law of the Sea: ITLOS” (1992)
– “Protection and Repression of Marine Pollution with Specific Reference to the Area” (1990/91)
– “Analysis of the Positive and Negative Aspects of a Possible Ratification by Italy of UNCLOS 1982” (1989–90)
8. Assignments as Counsel and Judge
Counsel in legal teams:
– of Italy in the case, “M/V Norstar”, Panama v. Italy, before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea” (2016–2018)
– of Italy in the case, “The Enrica Lexie Incident”, Italy v. India, before the ad hoc Tribunal under Annex VII of UNCLOS 1982 (since 2015)
– of Italy in the case, “The Enrica Lexie Incident” (provisional measures), Italy v. India, before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (2015)
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– of Italy in the case, “Criminal Proceedings against Dante Bigi” before the EU Court of Justice (2000–2001)
– of Italy in the case, “Beyeler v. Italy” before the European Court of Human Rights (2000–2002)
– of Italy in the case of “The Legality of Use of Force” (Serbia Montenegro v. Italy) before the International Court of Justice (1999–2004)
– of Italy in the proceedings for an advisory opinion on “The Immunity from Legal Process of a Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights” before the International Court of Justice (1998–1999)
– of Italy in the proceedings for an advisory opinion on “The Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons” before the International Court of Justice (1995–1996)
– of Italy in the proceedings for an advisory opinion on “The Adhesion of EC to the European Convention on Human Rights” (1995)
Ad hoc judge in the European Court of Human Rights (application n. 58428/13, Berlusconi v. Italy), (2016–2018)
9. Participation in International Negotiations
One of the jurists heard by the Italian Chamber of Deputies on the “Sanctions within international parliamentary assemblies” (2017)
Member of the Italian delegation for several organs and committees within international organizations, among which the Council of Europe (CAHDI), the European Union (COJUR and COMAR), the United Nations (General Assembly VI Committee)
Member of the Italian delegation for several multilateral negotiations, including:
– the preparatory works for the adoption of a United Nations Convention on biological diversity on the high seas (2016)
– the preparatory works for the elaboration of a regional instrument for people rescued at sea, IMO (2011–2014)
– the Assembly of States Parties to the ICC (2002–2003)
– the Preparatory Commission and the United Nations Conference for the Establishment of an International Criminal Court (1994–1998)
Member of the Italian delegation for several bilateral negotiations, including:
– the delimitation of maritime spaces between Italy and Greece (2013–2014)
– the delimitation of maritime spaces between Italy and France (2006–2012)
– exchange of views on the regime of the Sicily Channel waters and their delimitation with Tunisia
– (1994–2000)
– exchange of views on the delimitation of the continental shelf between Italy and Malta (1994–2012)
Member of the Committees established:
– by the Italian Ministry of Justice for the implementation in Italy of the ICC Statute (2001–2004)
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– by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation for the Review
– Conference of the ICC Statute (since 2009)
10. Participation in Seminars and Conferences
Speaker at several conferences and workshops in Italy and abroad on International Law and in particular on the Law of the Sea, including:
– Journée d’étude de la Société française de droit international “Les îles et le droit international”, Paris, 30 September 2019
– Colloquium “Nuevos Desarrollos del Derecho del Mar”, Lima, 11–12 September 2019
– Seminar on “Geopolitics and Maritime Transport”, Naples, 2018
– International Symposium on the “Arctic Connection: The International Symposium to Promote Cooperation on Arctic Issues”, Italian Society for International Law, Rome, 18 September 2018
– International Conference on: “Oceans. Caring for our Common Home”, Pontificia Università della Santa Croce, Rome, 2017
– Workshop on “Ocean Commons. Common Heritage, Marine Genetic Resources and Biodiversity Conservation in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction”, organized by JCLOS and CNR, SIOI, Rome, 2017
– Workshop organized by the Société française de droit internationale on “The Standard of Due Diligence and the International Responsibility”, University of Maine Le Mans (France) 2017
– “The Baselines of the Italian Territorial Sea”, Hydrographic Institute of the Italian Navy, Genoa, 2016
– Workshop “Italian Seas: Delimitation and Exploitation”, Institute for International Affairs (IAI), 2016
– “The Strasbourg Convention of 1997 against the Traffic of Drogue at Sea”, meeting of the EU Member States National Coordinators on Drogue, Rome, 2014
– Workshop on: “Safety and Insurance Concerning Off-shore Exploration and Exploitation Activities in the Mediterranean Sea: News EU rules”, Rome, Ministry for Economic Development, 2013
– Seminar on “Combating the Illicit Traffic of Drugs by Sea”, Rome, Center for Police Forces, 2012
– Seminar on: “Global Warming and the Arctic”, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 2012
– Seminar on: “Géopolitique et Frontières”, Paris, University of Paris 8, 2011
– “Law of the Sea and International Community Interests”, Salina, 2011
– “The Unresolved Controversy on the Legal Regime of Maritime Areas around the Svalbard Islands. An Interpretation of the 1920 Svalbard Treaty under the Light of UNCLOS 1982” in the Conference for the 20th anniversary of the International Boundary Institute – University of Durham (UK) 2009
– “New Piracy”, University of Rome 3 and MSIOI, 2009
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– Seminar on “Legal Challenges in the Application of the Law of the Sea”, FRONTEX, Gaeta, 2009
– “Ports, Navigation and International Protection of the Mediterranean against Pollution” at the International Conference on “Mediterranean Men and the Research of their Ports”, Gaeta, 2007
– “The Italian Ecological Protection Zone and Its Impact on Navigation” at the Annual Conference of ANGOPI on “Italy, Protection of the Marine Environment and Development of Maritime Trade”, Taranto, 2006
– “Environment in the Mediterranean” (Ravenna, 2005)
– Conference “Managing the Sea: Law and Economics”, University of Reggio Calabria, 2003
– “The Law of the Sea and Countering Illicit Activities at Sea”, Institute of Studies for the Italian Financial Police, L’Aquila, 2001
11. Membership
Member of:
– the CoNISMa (National Inter-university Consortium in the field of Marine Sciences) (since 2018)
– the Italian Branch of the International Law Association (ILA) (since 2017)
– the Italian Society for International Organization (SIOI) (since 2006)
– the Human Rights Committee of the Italian Society for International Organization (SIOI) (since 2006)
– the European Society of International Law-ESIL (since 2005)
– the Italian Society of International Law (SIDI-ISIL) (since 1996)
Co-Director of the book series “Studi di diritto internazionale umanitario e dei conflitti armati”
Member of the scientific boards of several scientific reviews and book series:
– Review “La Comunità internazionale”
– Book series “Studi e documenti di diritto internazionale e comunitario”
– Book series “Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze politiche dell’Università della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’”
– Book series “Studi e dialoghi giuridici”
12. Honors and Prizes
Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
13. Publications
Author of numerous publications in Italian, English, and French on Public International Law, the Law of the Sea and Human Rights Law.
On the Law of the Sea
Books
Il diritto internazionale: diritto per gli Stati e diritto per gli individui. Parti speciali, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2010 (with U. Leanza)
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Editor
Migrazione, formazione ed integrazione, Atti del Convegno 29 e 30 novembre 2004, Naples, ESI, 2006 (with M.C. Ciciriello)
Assistant of the editor in Fifty Years of International Case Law on Fisheries, (U. Leanza and A. Del Vecchio), Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 1997
Articles
Le migrazioni nel Mediterraneo. Un’analisi alla luce del diritto internazionale, in Mediterraneo. Opportunità, criticità e prospettive, Naples, Giannini Editore, 2019, p. 18 et seq.
Due diligence et droit de la mer, in S. CASSELLA (ed.), Le standard de due diligence et la responsabilité internationale, Paris, Pedone, 2018, p. 163 et seq.
Migration and the Law of the Sea: Solutions and Limitations of a Fragmentary Regime, in A. PELLET-J.CRAWFORD (eds.), Collected Studies in Honour of Djamchid Momtaz, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, p. 274-287
Introduzione alla piattaforma continentale, in MINISTERO DELLO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO (ed.), Il mare, Rome, 2015, p. 50 et seq.
Il Mediterraneo abbandonato all’Italia, in A. PENDINELLI-M. EMANUELE (eds.), In difesa dell’Europa decadente, Rome, Eurilink, 2014, p. 65-70
International Terrorism at Sea between Maritime Safety and National Security. From the 1988 SUA Convention to the 2005 SUA Protocol, in A. DEL VECCHIO (ed.), International Law of the Sea. Current Trends and Controversial Issues, The Hague, Eleven International Publishing, 2014, p. 109-127
Diritto internazionale e conflitto tra giurisdizioni nel caso “Enrica Lexie”, in Scritti in memoria di Maria Rita Saulle, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2014, p. 245-280
L’Unione europea e la protezione dell’ambiente marino del Mediterraneo dall’esplorazione e sfruttamento di idrocarburi offshore, in Scritti in onore di Giuseppe Tesauro, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2014, vol. III, p. 2023-2059
Il caso dell'Enrica Lexie alla luce del diritto internazionale, La Comunità internazionale, 2013, Vol. 13, p. 7-59 (with F. Graziani)
L'Unione europea e la protezione dell'ambiente marino del Mediterraneo dall'esplorazione e sfruttamento di idrocarburi off-shore, Rivista di diritto della navigazione, 2013, vol. 2, p. 625-665 (with U. Leanza)
L'associazionismo internazionale nel diritto del mare: la Commissione sui limiti esterni della piattaforma continentale, in N. PARISI-M. FUMAGALLI MERAVIGLIA-A. SANTINI-D. RINOLDI (eds.), Scritti in onore di Ugo Draetta, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2011, p. 77-92
The Unresolved Controversy on the Legal Regime of Maritime Areas around the Svalbard Islands. An Interpretation of 1920 Svalbard Treaty under the Light of UNCLOS 1982, in The State of Sovereignty. University of Durham, Durham UK, 1-3 April 2009, p. 1-20
National Claims in the Arctic Ocean, The Case of the Svalbard Maritime Areas, in La Comunità internazionale, 2009, p. 207-228
Il contrasto storico ed irrisolto sul regime giuridico degli spazi marini delle isole Spitsbergen/Svalbard alla luce delle recenti pretese statali sul mar glaciale artico, in Studi in onore di Umberto Leanza, Naples, Editoriale scientifica, 2008, p. 1511-1543
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Il diritto internazionale nella prevenzione e contrasto al traffico illecito di migranti clandestini, in CARACCIOLO I.-CICIRIELLO M.C. (eds.), Migrazione, formazione ed integrazione, Atti del Convegno 29 e 30 novembre 2004, Naples, ESI, 2006, p. 57 et seq.
Dalla tratta di schiavi alla tratta di migranti clandestini. Eguaglianze e diversità nella prevenzione e repressione internazionali del traffico di esseri umani, in Atti del IX Convegno della Società italiana di diritto internazionale “Le migrazioni. Una sfida per il diritto internazionale, comunitario e interno”, Rome 17-18 June 2004, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2005, p. 153-175
Asilo, Visti ed immigrazione nell’Unione europea, in Scuola Superiore dell’Economia e della Finanza, Centro Studi di Geopolitica, Il controllo dei traffici migratori illeciti nel Mare Mediterraneo, Roma, 2003, p. 123 et seq.
Il regime delle attività in mare e le incidenze della Convenzione di Montego Bay del 1982 sulla legislazione italiana in materia (with U. Leanza), in La Comunità internazionale, 1996, 1, p. 42 et seq.
Il progetto di codice minerario e la responsabilità per danni all’ambiente marino, in M.C. CICIRIELLO (ed.), L’impatto ambientale nelle attività di esplorazione e sfruttamento dei fondali maini internazionali, Naples, Editoriale scientifica, 1995, p. 149-186
Le incidenze della Convenzione di Montego Bay del 1982 sulla legislazione italiana in materia di spazi marini (with U. Leanza), in La Comunità internazionale, 1995, 3-4, p. 469 et seq.
International Liability of the State for Pollution Due to Exploration and Exploitation of the Deep Seabed, in University of Rome II, Yearbook, 1990-91, p. 435-459
On Public International Law
Books
Il diritto internazionale: diritto per gli Stati e diritto per gli individui. Parte generale, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2012 (with U. Leanza)
La rilevazione dei valori democratici nell'Unione europea. Una proiezione internazionale per l'identità giuridica occidentale, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2003
Dal diritto penale internazionale al diritto internazionale penale: il rafforzamento delle garanzie giurisdizionali, Naples, Editoriale Scientifica, 2000
Editor
New Models of Peacekeeping. Security and Protection of Human Rights, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2018 (with U. Montuoro)
Preserving Cultural Heritage and National Identities for International Peace and Security, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2018 (with U. Montuoro)
L’evoluzione del peacekeeping: il ruolo dell’Italia, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2017
Nuclear Weapons: Strengthening International Legal Regime, The Hague, Eleven International Publishing, 2016 (with M. Pedrazzi, T. Vassalli di Dachenhausen)
Conflitti armati interni e regionalizzazione delle guerre civili, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2016
Articles
“Il diritto internazionale a sostegno dell'egemonismo coloniale europeo”, in F. Canale Cama (ed.), Una guerra mediterranea. Grande guerra, imperi e nazioni nel Mediterraneo, Soveria Mannelli, Rubettino, 2018, p. 255-278
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“Reflecting on the International Destruction of Cultural Heritage as a War Crime in the Light of the ICC Judgement in the Al Mahdi Case”, in Preserving Cultural Heritage and National Identities for International Peace and Security, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2018, p. 165 et seq.
“Light and Shade of the Legal Framework on Cooperation between the ICC and Peacekeeping”, in Caracciolo I.-Montuoro U. (eds.), New Models of Peacekeeping. Security and Protection of Human Rights, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2018, p. 147 et seq.
“Some Concluding Remarks on the Twofold Goals of Contemporary Peacekeeping: Security and Human Rights”, in Caracciolo I.-Montuoro U. (eds.), New Models of Peacekeeping. Security and Protection of Human Rights, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2018, p. 233 et seq.
“Una rilettura giuridica degli Accordi di Osimo quarant'anni dopo la loro conclusione”, in D. Lo Presti D.-D. Rossi (eds.), Quarant'anni da Osimo, Padua, Wolters Kluwers, 2018, p. 103 et seq.
“Il caso Al Mahdi: responsabilità penale internazionale per crimini di guerra e azioni di ‘pulizia culturale e religiosa’”, in Studi in onore di Ugo Villani, Bari, Cacucci, 2017, p. 101 et seq.
“Il peace-keeping: conclusioni, scenari e prospettive”, in L’evoluzione del peacekeeping: il ruolo dell’Italia, Turin, Giappichelli, 2017, p. 377-392
“The Limitations of the 1968 Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: International Law in Support of Nuclear Disarmament”, in I. Caracciolo-M. Pedrazzi-T. Vassalli Di Dachenhausen (eds.), Nuclear Weapons: Strengthening International Legal Regime, The Hague, Eleven International Publishing, 2016, p. 3-14
“Il problema del diritto applicabile ai conflitti armati interni, alle guerre civili regionalizzate e alle guerre transnazionali”, in I. Caracciolo (ed.), Conflitti armati interni e regionalizzazione delle guerre civili, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2016, p. 37-56
“Un nuovo passo nella tutela dei diritti umani sotto il profilo penalistico: i risultati della Conferenza di Kampala sulla revisione dello Statuto della Corte penale internazionale”, in L. Panella-E. Spatafora (eds.), Studi in onore di Claudio Zanghì, Turin, Giappichelli Editore, 2011, Vol. II, p. 413-434
“Il contributo di Luigi Sico all’azione diplomatica dell’Italia”, in T. Vassalli Di Dachenhausen (ed.), Atti del Convegno in memoria di Luigi Sico: il contributo di Luigi Sico agli studi di diritto internazionale e di diritto dell’Unione europea, Naples, Editoriale scientifica, 2011, p. 79-98
“Multidisciplinary study on the geopolitical aspect of the concept of "crimen iuris gentium" through the example of judge Garzón affair in Spain”, in International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, Madrid 15-17 November 2010 (with B. Loyer. R. Letteval)
“La Convenzione Unidroit del 1995. Il diritto uniforme quale strumento sussidiario per la restituzione dei beni culturali mobili trafugati nel corso dei conflitti armati od in territori occupati”, in Benvenuti P.-Sapienza R. (a cura di), La tutela internazionale dei beni culturali nei conflitti armati, Milano, 2007, p. 223-238
“Il principio internazionalista nella Costituente” (con U. Leanza), in Comunicazioni e Studi, 2007, vol. 23°, p. 67-730
“L’accordo sullo status delle Forze NATO nella giurisprudenza costituzionale”, in Daniele (a cura di), La dimensione internazionale ed europea del diritto nell’esperienza della Corte costituzionale (con U. LEANZA) Napoli, 2006, p. 99-136
“Il diritto internazionale nella prevenzione e contrasto al traffico illecito di migranti clandestini”, in Caracciolo I.-Ciciriello M.C. (a cura di), Migrazione, formazione ed integrazione, Atti del Convegno 29 e 30 novembre 2004, Napoli, 2006, p. 77 et seq.
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“La Convenzione UNIDROIT del 1995. Il diritto uniforme quale strumento sussidiario per la restituzione dei beni culturali mobili trafugati nel corso di conflitti armati od i territori occupati”, in Saporetti (a cura di), Il Futuro del Passato, Contributi scientifici della Società italiana per la protezione dei beni culturali, Civitavecchia, 2004, p. 46 ss.
“Dalla tratta di schiavi alla tratta di migranti clandestini. Eguaglianze e diversità nella prevenzione e repressione internazionali del traffico di esseri umani”, in Atti del IX Convegno della Società italiana di diritto internazionale “Le migrazioni. Una sfida per il diritto internazionale, comunitario e interno”, Roma 17-18 giugno 2004, Napoli, 2005, pp. 153-175.
14. Languages
Italian (mother tongue)
English (fluent)
French (fluent)
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Duan, Jielong (China)
Personal Details
Surname Duan
First Name Jielong
Date of Birth 20 July 1958
Academic Expertise International Law, Law of the Sea
Working Language English, Chinese
Education
2002.08-2003.06 LL.M, Columbia Law School, Columbia University
1982.09-1985.07 LL.M, Department of lnternational Law, China Foreign Affairs University
1978.10-1982.07 LL.B, Department of Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law
Work Experience
2015.07 to present Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China to Hungary
2013.04–2015.05 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China to Singapore
2011.03–2013.04 Consul General (Ambassadorial Rank) of the People’s Republic of China in Sydney
2006.06–2011.03 Director-General, Department of Treaty and Law, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China
2003.07–2006.05 Deputy Director-General, Department of Treaty and Law, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China
2000.01–2003.06 Counselor, Depaiiment of Treaty and Law, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China
1998.06–1999.12 Counselor, Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the United States of America
1997.06–1998.06 First Secretary, Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the United Nations
1985.07–1997.06 Director, Deputy Director, Staff Member, Department of Treaty and Law, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China
Academic Work Experience
Visiting Professor, Department of International Law, China Foreign Affairs University
Visiting Professor, School of International Law, China University of Political Science and Law
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Executive Director, China Law Society (2007–2012)
Executive Vice President, Chinese Society of International Law (2006–2011)
International Legal Expertise
Representative or Member of the Chinese Delegation to the Sixth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly, the Meetings of States Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Assembly and Council of the International Seabed Authority for multiple times
Head of Chinese Delegation for Bilateral and Regional Consultations for the Law of the Sea Affairs with other States for multiple times
Head of Chinese Delegation for Consultation of Legal Advisors of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the Permanent Members of the United Nations Security Council for multiple times
Head of Chinese Delegation for consultations and negotiations of legal affairs and instruments under the auspices of the United Nations or other regional and bilateral mechanisms
Head of Chinese Delegation for the annual Sessions of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization
Main Publications
International Law in China: Cases and Practice (ed.), Beijing: Law Press-China, 2011
The Latest Collection of International Counter Terrorism Legal Instruments (ed.), Beijing: China Democratic and Legal Press, 2016
“The Rule of Law at the National and International Levels”, Chinese Journal of International Law, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2008, pp. 509-512
“Diplomatic Protection, International Liability for Injurious Consequences Arising out of Acts not Prohibited by International Law”, Chinese Journal of International Law, Volume 6, Issue 1, 2007, pp.189-194
“An Analysis on the Scope of Investment Disputes and International Arbitration”, Foreign Affairs Review, Volume 1, 1987, pp. 36-43
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Infante Caffi, María Teresa (Chile)
The Hague, The Netherlands
Studies and Professional Activities
Professor Infante studied at the University of Chile. Lawyer, with postgraduate studies in Madrid, Geneva and The Hague. Full Professor University of Chile. She was Director of the Institute of International Studies of the University of Chile (1987–1994), and co-Director of the LL.M. Program, Investments, Trade and Arbitration, offered jointly by the University of Heidelberg and the University of Chile, Santiago and Heidelberg, Germany (2008–2014). Former President of the Chilean Society of International Law. Member of Committees of the International Law Association. Member of the Institute of International Law, Member of the Instituto Hispano Luso Americano de Derecho Internacional, President of the Latin American Society of International Law (SLADI) (2016–2018).
Professor Infante has taught at the Winter Program on International Law, CEDIN, of the University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (2010); in the Course on International Law of the Inter-American Juridical Committee (1991, 2017, 2018); in the International Law Academy of The Hague, External Program (1991 and 2011); in the Bancaja Euromediterranean Courses of International Law, Bancaja International Center for Peace and Development and Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain (2004); in the ITLOS-Nippon Program International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Hamburg, Germany (October 2016); at the National University of Cordoba, Argentina (1996 and 2001); She has been Professor of the Diplomatic Academy of Chile (several years), and is Professor of the Faculty of Law and of the Institute of International Studies of the University of Chile.
She has been Directora Nacional de Fronteras y Límites del Estado between 1997 (July) and 2014 (June) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile.
She is currently Ambassador of Chile to the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Permanent Representative to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). Chairs the Sub-Working Group on Non-State Actors of the OPCW and is also Co-Chair of the Study Group on Governance (together with Japan) of The Hague Working Group of the Assembly of States Parties. She chaired the Working Group of the Bureau on the implementation of article 97 of the Rome Statute (2016–2017). Professor Infante has advised and participated in research programs for the following institutions, inter alia: Permanent Commission of the South Pacific; Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile; United Nations Development Program (UNDP); National Commission of the Environment.
She has participated in diplomatic negotiations on maritime and Antarctic matters, and with neighboring and South American countries on issues of integration, limits, international law and cooperation on border policies, presiding over frontier and integration committees, among other instances.
She has presided the delegation of Chile in the Assembly of States Parties of the International Criminal Court, the Council of the Permanent Court of Arbitration and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons since 2014.
Co-agent of Chile for the “Maritime Dispute” case at the International Court of Justice (2008–2014); and Co-agent of Chile for the cases “Obligation to negotiate”, International Court of Justice (2013 to date), and the “Status and use of the waters of the Silala”, International Court of Justice (2016 to date).
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Recent Publications
“Conflictos armadas en el mar. El derecho internacional aplicable: el Manual de San Remo”. (Colección Estudios lnternacionales). lnstituto de Estudios lnternacionales. Chile. 1998, 64-77, in: Nuevos Estudios de derecho Internacional humanitario, eds. María Teresa Infante & Rose Cave.
“Procesos de integración y protección del medio ambiente: el caso del MERCOSUR”. Roma e America: Diritto Romano Comune. N° 4, 1997, 209-224.
“Responsabilidad en Antártica: los problemas derivados de la protección del medio ambiente”, in Primer Seminario sobre Política Exterior y Medio Ambiente. Santiago, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, 1-2 de octubre 1998, 297-303.
“René Millar Carvacho: ‘Pasión de Servicio. Julio Philippi Izquierdo’”, Estudios Públicos, 2006, 339-354.
“La Protección del Medio Ambiente en el Comercio: el Rol del Derecho Internacional”. Presentación: Seminario lberoamérica ante los Retos del Derecho Internacional en el Siglo XXI, Universidad de Salamanca, 10-11 octubre de 2005. Estudios de Derecho Internacional, Homenaje a Santiago Benadava, eds. H. Llanos & E. Picand, Santiago, Librotecnia, 2008, Vol. I, 185-206.
“Evolving scenarios: Antarctica and the continental shelf”, Mélanges de droit de la mer offerts à Daniel Vignes, ed. Rafael Casado Raigón & Giuseppe Cataldi, Bruxelles, Editions Bruylant, S.A., 2009, 461-479.
“Derecho del mar y Antártica. El impacto de la plataforma continental”, Diplomacia, 2009, No. 120, 79-97.
“The outer continental shelf and South American coastal States”. Law, technology and science for oceans in globalisation: IUU fishing, oil pollution, bioprospecting, outer continental shelf, ed. Davor Vidas, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2010, 577-590.
“Medio ambiente y zonas polares: la zona antártica”. Derecho Internacional del Medio Ambiente: Una visión desde lberoamérica, ed. Francesco Sindico, Rosa Fernández Egea & Susana Borrás Pentinat, London, CMP Publishing Ltd., 2011, 479-500.
“Current developments on State Responsibility and Liability in the Area”, with J.J. Gorostegui Obanoz, Anuário Brasileiro de Direito Internacional, 1, No 10, 2011, 237-249.
“The Altiplano Silala (Siloli): A Watercourse under Scrutiny”, in Coexistence, Cooperation and Solidarity. Liber Amicorum Rüdiger Wolfrum, Vol. I, ed. Holger Hestermeyer et al., Leiden, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012, 901-917.
“Lecciones aprendidas y desafíos futuros: enfoque internacional”, in Derechos económicos, sociales y culturales en el orden constitucional chileno, ed. by Gonzalo Aguilar Cavallo, Santiago, Librotecnia: Sociedad Chilena de Derecho Internacional / Asociación Chilena de Derecho Constitucional, 2012.
Boundary Disputes in Latin America, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, May 2011. Updated in February 2013.
“Joaquín Fermandois: La Revolución Inconclusa”, Estudios Públicos, 2013, 165-183. Revisión bibliográfica
“El Acta de Ejecución y los Acuerdos con el Perú”. Obra en Homenaje al Profesor Hugo Llanos Mansilla, eds. E. Picand & I. Llanos, Santiago, Legal Publishing, 2012, 397-439.
“Antártica en la legislación interna de los Estados ¿que hay de nuevo?, El Derecho Internacional en el Mundo Multipolar del Siglo XXI. Obra en homenaje al profesor Luis Ignacio Sánchez Rodríguez, Madrid, IPROLEX, S.L., 2013, 425-444.
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“Perú v. Chile: The International Court of Justice decides on the status of the maritime boundary”, Chinese journal of international law, 2014, 741-762.
“The decision on the maritime boundary between Chile and Perú: international law revisited”, Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy, V. 2, No. 2 (June 2014), 11-28.
“Chile y Perú ante el caso de La Haya: continuidad y revisión”. La política exterior de Chile, 1990-2009: del aislamiento a la integración global / Mario Artaza, Cesar Ross (editores). USACH, Doctorado en Estudios Americanos: RIL, 2015. v. 2, 555-573.
“El Estado frente a su jurisdicción territorial”, Anuario Hispano-Luso-Americano de Derecho Internacional, 22, 2015, 61-94.
“Antonio Cançado Trindade: The construction of a humanized international law”. Leiden: Brill Nijhoff, 2015, Estudios lnternacionales, XLVIII, 183, 2016, 183-198. Revisión bibliográfica
“Las fronteras desde la perspectiva del Derecho Internacional”, Estudios lnternacionales, 48, 185, 2016, 59-86.
“Latin America and the International Court of Justice: The Pact of Bogotá”, in Latin America and the International Court of Justice. Contributions to International Law, ed. by Paula Wojcikiewicz Almeida, Jean-Marc Sorel, Routledge, 2017, Cap. 6.
“The Law of the sea and Antarctica: effectiveness and perspectives”, in New approaches to the law of the sea: (in honor of Ambassador José Antonio de Yturriaga-Barberán), ed. Pablo Antonio Fernández Sanchez, New York, Nova Science Publisher, 2017, 273-290-
“El aporte del derecho internacional al estudio de las fronteras entre los Estados”, in América Latina y el Derecho del Mar. Uber Amicorum en honor de Alfredo Martínez Moreno, eds. Víctor Luis Gutiérrez Castillo & Ana Elizabeth Villalta Vizcarra, Valencia, Tirant lo Blanch, 2018, 199.223.
“Territorio y Jurisdicción: el Derecho Internacional en desarrollo”. Curso de Derecho Internacional del Comité Jurídico lnteramericano 2017. Washington DC, 2018.
“El rol del derecho internacional en instancias multilaterales”, Chile. Actor del Sistema Multilateral. Una tradición nacional, eds. Juan Somavía & Pedro Oyarce, Secretaría General lberoamericana/Academia Diplomática de Chile, 2018, 481-516.
Languages
Spoken and written English and French
Mother tongue: Spanish
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Kamga, Maurice K. (Cameroon)
Born on 12 May 1967 in Bandjoun (Cameroon)
As an experienced bilingual diplomat (Minister Plenipotentiary) and an accomplished academic, Professor Maurice Kamga has over 25 years of experience in practicing and teaching international law in general, and international justice, in particular. Having focused a substantial part of his research on the international law of the sea, in particular following his selection in 1994 as the ninth recipient of the United Nations Hamilton S. Amerasinghe Fellowship on the Law of the Sea, Mr. Kamga has acquired extensive expertise in this very technical field of international law, with especial emphasis on the delimitation of maritime boundaries. His current function as Legal Secretary of the International Court of Justice, where he has been working since 1st February 2008, has provided him with the opportunity to put this expertise into practice.
University Education
Bachelor’s Degree in Public Law, with Honours, 1989, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon
Master’s Degree in Public Law, with Honours, 1990, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon
Master’s Degree in International Relations, with Honours, 1991, International Relations Institute of Cameroon
LLM in Public Law, with Honours, 1991, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon
PhD in International Relations (specialisation in Diplomacy), Cum Laude, 1994, International Relations Institute of Cameroon
Diplôme d’études supérieures in International Relations specialisation in International Law of the Sea), 1997, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland
PhD in International Law, with specialisation in International Law of the Sea, Summa Cum Laude and authorisation for publication by the Jury, thesis supervised by Professor Lucius Caflisch, 2003, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland
Habilitation à diriger des recherches in Public Law (Accreditation to Supervise Research), under the supervision of Professors Alain Pellet and Jean-Marc Thouvenin, 2017 University Paris Nanterre (France)
Professional Career
(a) Positions Occupied
Since February 2008: Legal Secretary of the International Court of Justice, The Hague, The Netherlands: in these functions, he, inter alia, (i) conducts legal research, drafts various documents
January 2003–January 2008: Legal Advisor, Ministry of External Relations, Yaoundé, Cameroon
February 2001–November 2002: Legal/Publication Officer, International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Hamburg
October 1997–February 2001: Associate Legal/Linguist Officer, International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, The Hague
January–April 1996: Intern (as 9th United Nations Hamilton S, Amerasinghe Memorial Fellow on Law of the Sea), Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea, Office of Legal Counsel, United Nations, New York
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May 1994–October 1997: Diplomatic Officer (Secrétaire des Affaires étrangères), Directorate for African Affairs. Ministry of External Relations, Yaoundé, Cameroon
(b) Adjunct Professor at the International Relations Institute of Cameroon (since October 2006) and at the Catholic University of Lille, France (since October 2011).
(c) Member of the Cameroonian Diplomatic Service: May 1994: Integration in the Diplomatic Service as Secretary of Foreign Affairs; May 2006–May 2010: Counsellor; and since May 2010: Minister Plenipotentiary – Member of numerous Cameroonian delegations for bilateral or multilateral negotiations.
(d) Teaching Experience and Research
Courses and Lectures in various Universities and Institutions: Catholic University of Lille. France: Since the 2011–2012 academic year, annual course: Droit et Pratique des Nations Unies; United Nations University – Maastricht Economic and social Research institute on Innovation and Technology, Maastricht, The Netherlands – May 2014, May 2015, June 2016, May 2017, May 2018 and May 2019: lecture: The International judicial System, with focus on the International Court of Justice and the other major International and Regional Courts; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, March 2020: lecture: Law of the Sea – Special Issues; Kadir Has University, Istanbul, International Law of the Sea Academy, lectures in July 2018, July 2019 and July 2020: Maritime Delimitation and Jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice; Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon, November 2016, lecture: La Cour internationale de Justice et les droits de l’homme; International Maritime Law Institute. Malta: November 2013 and April 2015, lecture: The United Nations and the Law of the Sea, with special emphasis on the International Court of Justice; World Maritime University, Malmoe, Sweden: March 2013, lecture: The International Court of Justice’s Case-Law on Maritime Delimitation; International Relations Institute of Cameroon, Yaoundé: Oct. 2006–Oct. 2013, annual course: Tribunal international du droit de la mer; University of Douala (Cameroon): April–May 2012, course: Règlement pacifique des différends internationaux; Brussels School of International Studies, Dec. 2005, seminar: International Humanitarian Law; University of Yaoundé: Oct. 1993–Oct. 1995: Assistant Lecturer in Public International Law and in Constitutional Law. Participation to various conferences on International Law and on International Justice.
Major Fellowships and Research Awards: (i) Francqui Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at the Centre for International Law, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium (2005/2006); (ii) Asser Dissertation Programme Fellow at the T.M.C. ASSER INSTITUUT, The Hague (2002/2003); and (iii) 9th United Nations Hamilton S. Amerasinghe Memorial Fellow on the Law of the Sea, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva (1995–1997).
Supervision of Research: Co-supervision of numerous Master and PhD Dissertations at the International Relations Institute of Cameroon and at the University of Paris II; member of several PhD juries in various universities.
Languages
English and French
Publications
a) Books and Major Academic Works
International Law and the Protection of Migrants at Sea, co-authored with Niba Fontoh (scheduled publication date: January 2021)
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Arbitrage transnational d’investissement et souveraineté des pays en développement, co-authored with Joël Andela (scheduled publication date: January 2021)
Exploitation conjointe de gisements pétroliers et gaziers transfrontières en mer, book in preparation
Questions de droit de la mer, du droit international humanitaire et tableau synoptique de la justice internationale sur le continent africain, Volume of Synthesis of Publications defended at the University of Paris Nanterre (France) in order to obtain the Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches in Public Law, 2017
L’Afrique et le droit international: variations sur l’organisation internationale/Africa and International Law: Reflections on the International Organization - Liber Amicorum Raymond Ranjeva (with Makane Mbengue) (ed.), Paris, Pedone, 2013, 646 pages
Délimitation maritime sur la côte atlantique africaine, [préface Lucius Caflisch] Bruxelles, Bruylant, 2006, 317 pages
Nationalisme maritime et nouveau droit de la mer en Afrique, Research Report conducted under the United Nations Hamilton S. Amerasinghe Fellowship on the Law of the Sea, Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea, Office of Legal Counsel, United Nations, New York, 1997, 177 pages
La Convention des Nations Unies sur la diversité biologique, PhD dissertation in International Relations, International Relations Institute of Cameroon, Yaoundé, 1994, 359 pages
b) Articles and Chapters in Collective Books
« Les aspects juridiques de la migration par voie maritime », forthcoming publication in the Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law, Juta Editions, Cape Town, 2019
« Régionalisme et justice internationale en Afrique », in: Ben Achour (Rafaâ) et Gueldich (Hajer) (éd.), Intégration et régionalisme africain: où en est l’Union africaine aujourd’hui?, Tunis, Simpact, 2019, pp. 105-132
« L’affermissement des principes juridiques applicables à l’exploitation des gisements pétroliers ou gaziers transfrontaliers en mer », African Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 22 (2017), pp. 271-301
“Cameroon’s Natural Trend in Internationalisation of Legal Education” (with Pierrette Essama Mekongo), in: Jamin (C.) and van Gaenegem (W.) (eds.), The Internationalisation of Legal Education, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, Ius Comparatum – Global Studies in Comparative Law, Vol. 19 (2016), pp. 61-73
« Codification dans le domaine de la justice transitionnelle en Afrique », Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law, 2nd Edition (2015), pp. 324-398
“Peaceful Settlement of Disputes in Africa: the Present and the Future” (co-authored with Lucius Caflisch), African Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 20 (2013-2014), pp. 359-407
« L’assistance judiciaire devant la Cour internationale de Justice et le Tribunal international du droit de la mer », in: Maurice Kamga and Makane M. Mbengue (eds.), L’Afrique et le droit international: variations sur l’organisation internationale/Africa and International Law: Reflections on the International Organization – Liber Amicorum Raymond Ranjeva, Paris, Pedone, 2013, pp. 529-532
« L’article 2 du Protocole relatif à la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples portant création d’une Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples », in: Maurice Kamto (ed.), Commentaire article par article du Protocole relatif à la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples portant création d’une Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, Brussels, Bruylant, 2011, pp. 1242-1251
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« La Convention pour la protection des biens culturels en cas de conflit armé de 1954 et ses deux protocoles de 1954 et 1999 », in : Natziger (J.) and Scovazzi (T.) (ed.), Le Patrimoine culturel de l’humanité/The Common Cultural Heritage of Mankind, Leiden, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008, pp. 817-849
« Les procédures d’urgence devant le Tribunal international du droit de la mer », in: Kohen (M.) (ed.), Promoting Justice, Human Rights and Conflict Resolution through International Law/La promotion de la justice, des droits de l’homme et du règlement des conflits par le droit international – Liber Amicorum Lucius Caflisch, Leiden, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007, pp. 855-874
« L’existence éphémère du traité de délimitation maritime entre la République d’Estonie et la Fédération de Russie en mer Baltique (co-authored with Erik Franckx), Annuaire du droit de la mer, Tome XII (2007), pp. 393-423
« Sécurité alimentaire et droit international humanitaire », in: Mahiou (A.) and Snyder (F.) (ed.), La sécurité alimentaire/Food Security and Food Safety, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2006, pp. 391-426
“Review of International Instruments Concerning Protection of Sea Turtles” (co-authored with Annick Van Houtte), in: FAO, National and International Regimes for the Conservation of Sea Turtles, Rome, 2004, pp. 57-108
Other Relevant Facts
Secretary-General of the Association of Attendees and Alumni of The Hague Academy of International Law (2011–2017)
Member of the Société française pour le droit international
Founding Member of the African Society of International Law
Former Consultant at the Legal Office of the FAO, Rome (Italy): missions in various countries in order to draft national laws on Fisheries and Aquaculture (2001–2007)
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Kulyk, Markiyan (Ukraine)
Born
Ukraine, 27 July 1970
Education
International Law Department, Moscow Institute for International Relations (1987–1992); Ph.D. (2008)
Professional Experience
Third Secretary, Treaty and Legal Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1991–1992)
Assistant to the Deputy Foreign Minister and to the Head of the National Committee on Disarmament (1993–1994)
Third, Second and First Secretary, Legal Adviser, Permanent Mission of Ukraine to the United Nations, New York (1994–1997)
Adviser to the President of the United Nations General Assembly (1997–1998); Deputy Director, Deputy Director-General of the Treaty and Legal Directorate, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1998–2001)
Alternate Representative of Ukraine on the United Nations Security Council (2001)
Deputy Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the United Nations (2001–2004)
Director, Department of the United Nations and other international organizations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2004–2006)
Deputy Director, Foreign Policy Directorate of the Secretariat of the President of Ukraine (2006–2008)
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine to Romania (2008–2011)
Member
Delegation of Ukraine at the sessions of the United Nations General Assembly (1994–2007)
Representative to the Third Committee (Social and Humanitarian issues, Human rights, 1994–1997) and to the Sixth Committee (Legal matters, 1995–1997, 1999–2003)
Commission on Social Development (Rapporteur at 34th session, 1995); Special Committee on the Charter of the United Nations and on the Strengthening of the Role of the Organization (1995–2003, Vice-Chairman 1998, Chairman 2002)
Delegation of Ukraine at sessions of Assembly and Council of the International Seabed Authority (1995–1998)
Delegation of Ukraine at meetings of States Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1996–1999, 2001–2003, Vice-President, 12th Meeting 2002)
Ad Hoc Committee on the Scope of Legal Protection under the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel (Head of Delegation of Ukraine, 2002)
Ad hoc Committee on jurisdictional immunities of states and their property (2002–2004)
United Nations Committee for Programme and Coordination (Chairman at the 45th session, 2005)
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Council of Europe Committee of Experts on Terrorism (2006)
OSCE Working Group on the draft convention on the international legal personality, legal capacity and privileges and immunities of the OSCE (2006–2007)
Head of Delegation of Ukraine at the 24th Meeting of the Council of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, 2011
List of Arbitrators of the Maritime Arbitration Commission at the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MAC) (2013–present)
Publications
Articles on legal issues include
“Determination of criteria for equitable legal regulation of the continental shelf delimitation”, Pravo Ukraine No. 7 (2001)
“On establishment of a non-contradictorial model of maritime delimitation”, Pravo Ukraine No. 9 (2001)
“Joint exploitation of oil and gas resources of the continental shelf: possible ways of intensifying cooperation between Ukraine and Romania”, Collection of scientific essays State and law, issue 35, Institute of State and Law of V.M. Koretskyi, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (2007)
“Issues of the international legal regime to combat piracy in contemporary circumstances”, Yearbook of scientific essays Legal State, Instit ute of State and Law of V.M. Koretskyi, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, issue 21 (2010)
“The International Court of Justice findings in case of delimitation in the Black Sea (Romania v. Ukraine) and its possible impact on further settlement of delimitation disputes”, Yearbook of scientific essays Legal State, Institute of State and Law of V.M. Koretskyi, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, issue 23 (2012)
“Piracy, Hijacking, and Armed Robbery Against Ships”, in: The IMLI Manual on International Maritime Law, Vol. III, Marine Environmental Law and Maritime Security Law, Oxford UP (2016)
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Mata Prates, Carlos Alberto (Uruguay)
Degrees
– Doctor of Law and Social Sciences (University of the Republic of Uruguay – UDELAR)
– Master of Science in Political Legislation and Governance (University of Pisa, Italy)
– Diploma in Philosophy of Law (course taken) (Catholic University of Uruguay Damaso Antonio Larrañaga – UCUDAL – University of Leuven – Kingdom of Belgium)
– Economic Analyst (Institute of Economics of Montevideo – IEMM)
Professional Experience
Positions and functions currently performed
– Vice-president of the Meeting of States Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (2019–2020)
– National coordinator of the Regional ITLOS workshop in Uruguay (2019)
– Member and former Vice-President of the Inter-American Juridical Committee (OAS)
– Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration
– Diplomatic Legal Consultant and Director of International Law Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Uruguay
– President of the Advisory Commission of the Executive Power for the Establishment of the Outer Limit of the Continental Shelf (COALEP)
– Vice-president of the Uruguayan Delegation before the Bi-national Technical Commission for the Maritime Front (International Organization constituted by the Argentine Republic and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay in the Treaty of the Río de la Plata and its Maritime Front)
– President of the Uruguayan Delegation before the Joint Uruguayan Argentine Technical Commission for the Demarcation of Limits on the Uruguay River.
– Legal Advisor of the Mercosur Parliament
– Agent of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights
– Delegate of Uruguay to the Assembly of States Parties to the Convention of the Law of the Sea
– Delegate of Uruguay to the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court; in that capacity participation in the Review Conference of the Statute of the International Criminal Court held in Kampala, Uganda (May 2010)
– Coordinator of the governmental working group before the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) of the World Bank (Case Philip Morris vs. Urnguay et al.)
– Member of the Court of Appeals of the Uruguayan Football Association
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Docent and Academic Activity
– Professor of Public International Law (School of Law of the Catholic University of Uruguay – UCUDAL, and School of Law of the Latin American Center for Human Economy – CLAEH)
– Associate Professor of Public Law (School of Law of the University of the Republic – UDELAR)
– Professor in the Course on International Law of the Organization of American States –Inter-American Juridical Committee
– Professor of Master’s and Doctoral Degrees Program (University of the Republic – Schools of Law, Economic Sciences and Social Sciences –, Catholic University and Artigas Institute of the Foreign Service
– Member of the Academic Committee of the Master’s Degree Program in Integrated Coastal Area Management of the Southern Cone of the University of the Republic
– National Coordinator of the 41st Session of the External Program of the International Law Academy of The Hague delivered in Uruguay (2015)
– Associate Member of the Hispano-Luso-American Institute of International Law
Former Activities and Functions
– Delegate of the Republic before the Administrative Commission of the Uruguay River (CARU) (International Organization integrated by the Argentine Republic and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay) (2008–2010)
– General Director of the Secretariat of the Ministry of Education and Culture (1992–1995)
– Deputy Director of Legal Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1998–2008)
– Legal Advisor of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1992–1998)
– Attorney-Adviser to the Financial Analysis Commission of the Central Bank of Uruguay (BCU) (1987–1992)
– Head of the International Mixed Commissions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1996–2008)
– Member of the legal team that carried out the defense of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the dispute raised by the Argentine Republic (Pulp Mill Case). In this capacity attended the oral hearings held at the seat of the Court in The Hague (2009)
– Member of the Central Board of Directors of the University of the Republic of Uruguay (1985–1987)
– Vice-chancellor of the Assembly of the Senate of the School of Law and Social Sciences at the University of the Republic of Uruguay (UDELAR)
– Member of the Board of Directors of the Uruguayan Bar Association (1997–1999)
– President of the University Culture Foundation (FCU) (1985–1995)
– Vice-President of the Uruguayan Delegation to the Intergovernmental Committee of the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway (Puerto Cáceres-Puerto de Nueva Palmira)
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Academic Activities Abroad
Among others,
– Performed, prior selection, a teaching and research stay at the Department of International Law “Adolfo Miaja de la Muela” of the University of Valencia – Kingdom of Spain (2005)
– Participated, as a guest, in university activities in the United States of America (Department of State) (1987 and 1994) and in the United States of Mexico (Ministry of Education) (1994)
– Held a training stay at the headquarters of the European Union within the framework of the European Union-Mercosur Agreement (Mercosur Parliament – European Parliament) (Brussels – Luxembourg – Strasbourg) (2008)
Publications
Author of many articles, monographs and papers on public international law, administrative law and other related issues
Participation in International Negotiations
Participated in several international negotiations representing Uruguay
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More, Rodrigo Fernandes (Brazil)
Personal Information
Date of birth: 05 February 1973
Place of birth: Sao Paulo, Brazil
Position: Professor, field researcher, arbitrator and legal counselor on the Law of the Sea
Languages: Portuguese – native English – fluent Spanish – fluent French – oral and written comprehension
Professional Experience
Current
Juridical
Legal counselor to the Brazilian Continental Shelf Survey Plan and to the delegation to the meetings of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf of the United Nations
Conciliator (Annex V), arbitrator (Annex VII) and expert (Annex VIII) to the provisions of Part XV of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
Full partner, consultant and lawyer in the fields of shipping, maritime law, law of the sea and negotiations, More Law Firm and others for the last 28 years
During this time, Professor More has worked with success in judicial and arbitral cases, and negotiations in 15 different countries covering all continents and distinct legal systems.
Director and project coordinator in the fields of shipping (maritime and inland waterways navigation), logistics, infrastructure and surveys, Mare Brasilis Consultancy
Head and member of Blue Economy Working Group, Superior Counsel on Environment, Federation of Industries of the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Academic
Professor on the Law of the Sea, Fisheries and Law applied to marine bio- prospection, Department of Sciences of the Sea, Institute of the Sea, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Coordinator, Interdisciplinary Centre of Studies of the Oceanic Space, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Collaborating professor, Post-Graduate Program in Maritime Studies, Naval War College, Brazilian Navy, Ministry of Defense, Brazil
Instructor on the Law of Armed Conflicts and Defense Diplomacy, Superior School of War, Ministry of Defense, Brazil
Previous
Professor on International Law and Law of the Sea, City of Sao Paulo University (1998–2001)
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Consultant, United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Mercosul, Ministry of Health (2000)
Professor on International Law and Political Science, Santa Marcelina Faculty, International Relations Course (2002–2006)
Professor of International Law and International Health Law, Collaborating Centre in Sanitary Surveillance, University of Sao Paulo (2006)
Professor on Negotiations, Economic Research and Studies Foundation, University of Sao Paulo (2007)
Professor on Maritime Law, Law of International Business, International Trade law and Negotiation, International Institute of Social Sciences (2005–2011)
Member of the Work Group on Port Environmental Law, Sao Paulo Federation of Industries (2012–2015)
Pro bono legal adviser for issues related to international children abduction (1980 Hague Convention)
Professor More also dealt with the negotiations and writing of “Maria da Penha Law” for prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women in Brazil, Special Secretariat (Ministry) for Policies for Women (2003–2011).
Senior Legal Advisor and Project Legal Advisor in shipping, logistics (maritime and railway) and infrastructure in the Laboratory of Logistics and Transportation, Foundation of Engineering, Federal University of Santa (2010–2012)
Full professor on Law of the Sea and International Law (doctorate level), Post-Graduate Program in International Law, Catholic University of Santos (2007–2014)
Director and Project Coordinator, Institute of Maritime Studies (2008–2014)
Project consultant in shipping, logistics, infrastructure and Defense (military), Barral, M. Jorge and Associates (2011–2013)
Member, Special Commission on Regulatory Law, Federal Board of the Brazilian Bar Association (2013–2015)
Personal Assistant to Judge (in memoriam) Vicente Marotta Rangel at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (2015)
Formal Education
Bachelor in Law, University of São Paulo, Brazil, 1997
Master in International Law (with distinction), University of São Paulo, Brazil, 2002
Ph.D in International Law (with distinction), University of São Paulo, Brazil, 2005
Complementary Education
Yeosu Academy on the Law of the Sea, Korea Maritime Institute, Republic of Korea, 2015
Summer Academy on the Continental Shelf, University of the Faroe Islands, Faroe Islands, 2014
Democracia y Libertad en Derecho Internacional, Hague Academy of International Law, External Programme, Peru, 2005
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Weapons Collection, UNIDIR, Switzerland, 2004
The revision of the EU Treaty and comparative experiences, University of Coimbra, Portugal, 1996
Professional Membership and Awards
Honorary Hidrographer, Brazilian Navy, Ministry of Defense, Brazil (2017)
Chevalier, Order of the Naval Merit, Brazil (since 2013)
Member, International Law Association, Brazilian Branch (since 2014)
Fellow, Ryoichi Sasakawa Young Leaders Fellowship (since 2003)
Vice-president, Brazilian Society of International Environmental Law (since 1999)
Researcher, Centre of African Studies, University of São Paulo (1993–2002)
Member, Brazilian Bar Association (since 1998)
Recent Publications
Author and editor of 5 books and more than 40 articles on the law of the sea, environmental law, and international law. Lecturer of more than 120 presentations, technical works and interviews.
Books
Prospects of Evolution of the Law of the Sea, Environmental Law and the Practice of ITLOS. New Challenges and Emerging Regimes. Essays in honor of Judge Vicente Marotta Rangel. Edited by Tafsir Ndiaye and Rodrigo More. 2019.
(The Rio Grande Rise: obligations and responsibilities) Elevação do Rio Grande: obrigações e responsabilidades. Alemanha: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2015. Co-autoria com Claudia Maria Rezende de Souza.
(Coastal zone environmental challenges) Desafios ambientais da Zona Costeira. 1. ed. São Paulo: Essential Idea Publishing, 2014. Editors: Rodrigo Fernandes More, Alcindo Gonçalves e Maria Luiza Granziera.
(Blue Amazon: policy, strategy and law for Brazil’s ocean) Amazônia Azul: política, estratégia e direito para o Oceano do Brasil. 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: SaG Serv FEMAR, 2012. Organizado com Ilques Barbosa Junior.
(International Disarmament Law: the State, the UN and Peace) Direito Internacional do Desarmamento: o Estado, a ONU e a Paz. 1. ed. São Paulo: Lex, 2007. v. 1. 432p
Articles
2018 (Capacity building and transfer of marine technology: contribution and measures for implementation in BBNJ negotiations) Capacitação e transferência de tecnologia marinha: contribuição e medidas em concreto para sua realização nas negociações de BBNJ. In: Virginie Tassin; André Toledo. Belo Horizonte: De Plácido.
2017 Legal, political and strategic aspects of the submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. In: Fernando Rei; Maria Luiza Granziera. Santos: Editora Universitária Leopoldianum.
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2016 (Resources of the Sea: the legal regime of oil (production) sharing agreement) Recursos do mar: o regime jurídico de partilha do pré-sal. In: Alcindo Gonçalves, Gilberto M. A. Rodrigues. Santos: Editora Universitária Leopoldianum.
(The Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf and the challenges of the legal order of the oceans) A Comissão de Limites da Plataforma Continental e os desafios da ordem legal dos oceanos. A ONU aos 70: contribuições, desafios e perspectivas. Boa Vista: Editora UFRR.
(Government agreements on port operation) Contratos Administrativos que possibilitam a exploração dos Portos. In: Portos e Comércio Exterior. Eduardo Mario Dias; Maria Lidia Rebello Pinho Dias Scoton. São Paulo: FGV Editora.
2015 (The regime on regulation, protection and prevention of pollution of the marine environment in the Law of the Sea Convention) O Regime de Regulação, Proteção e Prevenção da Poluição do Meio Marinho na Convenção do Direito do Mar. In: GRANZIERA, Maria Luiza M.; REI, Fernando (Org.). Direito Ambiental Internacional: avanços e retrocessos. 40 Anos de Conferências das Nações Unidas. São Paulo: Atlas.
2014 Considerations regarding recommendations of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf on the Amazon fan. Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional.
(Legal Regime for seabed exploitation of the Brazilian continental shelf: considerations to an already present future) Um regime de exploração do solo e subsolo da plataforma continental brasileira: reflexões para um futuro já presente. In: PEREIRA, Antonio Celso Alves; BEIRÃO, André Panno. (Org.). Reflexões sobre a Convenção do Direito do Mar. 1ed. Brasília: FUNAG, 2014. Coautoria com Renata Batista Zanin.
(Management of the coastal zone under the obligation of protection and preservation of marine environment in the Law of the Sea Convention) A gestão da zona costeira sob a ótica da obrigação de proteção e preservação do meio marinho na Convenção de Direito do Mar. In: MORE, Rodrigo Fernandes, GRANZIERA, Maria Luiza Machado; GONÇALVES, Alcindo. (Org.). Desafios ambientais da Zona Costeira. 1 ed. São Paulo: Essential Idea Publishing, 2014. Coautoria com André Panno Beirão.
2013 (The legal regime of the sea: regulation of waters and continental shelf in Brazil) O regime jurídico do mar: a regulação das águas e plataforma continental no Brasil. Revista da Escola de Guerra Naval
(Torrey Canyon, Exxon-Valdez and Deepwater Horizon-Gulf of Mexico: environmental law and mega-accidents in the risk society) Torrey Canyon, Exxon-Valdez e Deepwater Horizon-Golfo do Mexico: direito ambiental e os mega-acidentes na sociedade de risco. In: CORTEZ, Ramón Antonio Castro. (Org.). Contingencias de Derecho Maritimo. 1 ed. Caracas: Legis, 2013. Em coautoria com Fernando C. F. Rei.
2012 (When kangaroos would fly: Brazilian unilateral declaration on the right of research beyond the limits of the continental shelf – 2010) Quando cangurus voarem: a declaração unilateral brasileira sobre direito de pesquisa além dos limites da plataforma continental - 2010. Revista de Direito Internacional.
(International Environmental Law and mega-accidents of marine pollution) Direito Internacional do Meio Ambiente e os Mega- Acidentes de Poluição do Mar. In: GONÇALVES, Alcindo Gonçalves; GRANZIERA, Maria Luiza M. (Org.).
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Petróleo, Gás e Meio Ambiente. 1 ed. Santos: Editora Universitária Leopoldianum, 2012. Em coautoria com Fernando C. F .Rei.
(The 30 years of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: challenges and points for reflection for Brasil) Os 30 anos da Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre direito do mar: desafios e elementos de reflexão para o Brasil. In: MORE, Rodrigo; BARBOSA JUNIOR, Ilques. (Org.). Amazônia Azul: política, estratégia e direito para o Oceano do Brasil. 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: SaG Serv FEMAR, 2012. Em coautoria com Fernando C. F. Rei.
(Considerations on the development of Brazilian ocean-politics thought) Reflexões sobre a formação de um pensamento oceanopolítico brasileiro. In: MORE, Rodrigo; BARBOSA JUNIOR, Ilques. (Org.). Amazônia Azul: política, estratégia e direito para o Oceano do Brasil. 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: SaG Serv FEMAR, 2012.
2011 (Ocean-politics perspective on the extension of the continental shelf: the 2010 Brazilian declaration) Perspectiva oceanopolitica sobre la extensión de la plataforma continental: la declaración unilateral brasilera de 2010. In: PARÉS, Gustavo Adolfo Omaña. (Org.). X Años de Legislación Acuática Venezoelana. 1 ed. Caracas, 2011.
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Zhou, Happias (Zimbabwe)
Date of birth: 2nd March 1968
Place of birth: Mberengwa, Zimbabwe
Languages: English, Shona, Ndebele (proficient)
French (working knowledge – Beginners, Intermediate and Advanced levels)
Latin (Basic) – Studied Latin as a Module in the Bachelor of Theology degree programme
Occupation
High Court Judge; appointed on 3 May 2012
Professional Membership
• Advocate, Legal Practitioner, Notary Public and Conveyancer: Admitted on 24 January 1996
• Enrolled as Counsel at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), Arusha, Tanzania, January 2009
• University Lecturer (Law)
• High School Teacher (English, History & Political Economy)
• Development Consultant
• Consultant: Diplomacy, Foreign Policy & International Affairs
• Theologian
Competence in the Field of the Law of the Sea
• Studied International Law at Masters level: This course involved advanced study of the Law of the Sea, among other areas.
• Studied Public International Law at the LLB (Hons) degree level. The Module included a study of the Law of the Sea.
• I researched on and lectured in Public International Law to undergraduate [LLB (Hons)] University students. The Law of the Sea is one of the important topics which I covered in the lectures. It is therefore an area in which I am well grounded. I examined students and marked examinations in Public International Law. Teaching the course at University level required a thorough knowledge of the subject and all the topics including Law of the Sea.
Academic Profile
Completed Degree & Diploma Programmes
1. Master of Laws (LLM) degree: University of Zimbabwe: 2015 to 2017 (Awarded the Degree with Merit)
Title of Dissertation: Judicial Review in the Context of Constitutional Supremacy: A Comparative Analysis of the Experiences of Zimbabwe and South Africa.
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2. Master of Science (MSc) degree in International Relations: University of Zimbabwe: 2010–2012 (Awarded the degree with Merit)
Dissertation Topic: An Analysis of the Politics of International Criminal Tribunals in Africa in the Post-Cold War Era: The Cases of Sudan and Kenya.
3. Master of Arts (MA) degree in Development Studies: Midlands State University: 2014 to 2015 (Awarded the Degree with Merit)
Dissertation Topic: Legislative and Policy Measures to Manage the Impact of Climate Change in Zimbabwe: A Human Rights Perspective.
4. Bachelor of Laws (LLB) Honours degree: University of Zimbabwe: 1992–1995
Dissertation Topic: An Analysis of the Constitutional Implications of the National Social Security Authority Scheme (NSSA).
5. Bachelor of Theology (Honours) degree: Catholic University of Zimbabwe (Awaiting graduation)
6. Certificate in Education (CE): University of Zimbabwe: 1987–1990
Associate College Attended: Hillside Teachers’ College, Bulawayo
Major Subjects: English, History & Political Economy
Theory of Education Subjects: Educational Administration Philosophy of Education Sociology of Education Educational Psychology Guidance and Counselling Curriculum Development Studies Professional Studies Education and Development
Pending
1. Master of Laws (LL.M) degree in Human Rights: University of South Africa: 2013 to current
Course pending: Dissertation Topic: Substantive Reasoning in the Interpretation of Socio-Economic Rights
Under the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. (Awaiting results on dissertation)
2. Doctor of Laws (LLD): University of Pretoria: 2019
Supervisor: Professor Charles Manga Fombad Title of Thesis: Judicial Review in African Transitional Democracies: A
Comparative Analysis of the Experiences of South Africa and Zimbabwe. (Working on Research Proposal).
3. Master of Public Administration: University of Zimbabwe: 2019–2021
Academic Award
Awarded the University of Zimbabwe Book Prize, 1995 [LL.B (Hons)]
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Other Awards
• Awarded the University of Zimbabwe Coca-Cola Moot Court Prize, 1995
• Was part of the team that represented Zimbabwe at the All-Africa Human Rights Moot Court Competition in Pretoria, South Africa, in July, 1995
• Awarded the Human Rights Lawyer of the Year (Runner-Up) Award, by the Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights, 2011
Assignments
• 2007: I was Coach of the University of Zimbabwe Moot Court team which won the national competition.
• 2007: I was Coach of the University of Zimbabwe Team which represented Zimbabwe at the Pan-African International Humanitarian Law Moot Court Competition in Arusha, Tanzania. The team came top in the competition.
• 2008: Appointed by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Harare Delegation, to be Coach of the Zimbabwe Team at the Pan-African International Humanitarian Law Moot Court Competition in Arusha, Tanzania, comprising students from the University of Zimbabwe and the Midlands State University.
• 2009: I was Coach of the University of Zimbabwe Team which won the national competition and represented Zimbabwe at the Pan-African International Humanitarian Law Moot Court Competition in Arusha, Tanzania.
Zhou, H. (2002), “Judicial Enforcement of Electoral Morality in Zimbabwe”, Human Rights Bulletin, Harare, Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights.
Zhou, H. (2010), “Land and Natural Resources”, Towards a Democratic Constitution: Essential Pillars in the Making of a Democratic Constitution: A Resource Book for Constitution Making in Zimbabwe, Harare, Law Society of Zimbabwe (Chapter 5, pp. 66-70)
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Unpublished Papers Presented
• Various papers presented at Continuing Legal Education seminars on Advocacy, Drafting Pleadings, Examination in Chief, Cross-examination, Re-examination, e.t.c.
• Papers presented at the Joint Bar/Bench Colloquium on The Role of Advocates in the Administration of Justice (2009) & Rethinking the Unified Bar in Zimbabwe (2015).
• Dealing With Unconstitutionally Obtained Evidence: Paper Presented at the Magistrates Training Workshops at Harare in June & July 2019.
• Judgment Writing: Paper Presented at the Magistrates Training Workshops at Harare in June & July 2019.
• The Purpose of A Pre-Trial Conference: Paper Presented at the Judges’ Symposium Held at Leopard Rock Hotel, Vumba, from 11th to 14th September 2019.
Professional Training
Advocacy and Advocacy Teacher Training: by the Australian Advocacy Institute in collaboration with the General Council of the Bar of South Africa, South Africa, 2005.
Advanced Advocacy Training: by the International Advocacy Team under the auspices of the World Council of Advocates and Barristers, Hong Kong, 2006 (Covering examination-in-chief and cross-examination of expert witnesses).
Advocacy Training: By the International Advocacy Team (IAT) in Collaboration with the General Council of the Bar of South Africa, 2009.
Positions Held
Commissioner, Judicial Service Commission from 2014–February 2020
Member, Council for Legal Education’s Legal Education and Standards Committee from 2012 (Current)
Member, Council for Legal Education’s Board of Examiners from 2012–2020
Member, Council for Legal Education’s Training Committee from 2016–2020
Councillor, Council for Legal Education, 2012 to September 2016, Appointed by the Minister of Justice and Legal Affairs
Councillor, Council for Legal Education (Seconded by the Law Society of Zimbabwe), 2010–2012
Chairman, Legal Education and Standards Committee of CLE, 2010–2016
Examiner, Common Law I & II, Council for Legal Education from 2002–2014
Councillor, Bar Council of Zimbabwe, a Council of the Bar Association of Zimbabwe, 1998–2012
Councillor, Law Society of Zimbabwe, January 2009 to May 2012
Chairman, Legal Education Committee, Law Society of Zimbabwe, 2010–2012
Councillor, Council of Veterinary Surgeons, 2009–2012, Appointed by the Minister of Agriculture, Mechanisation and Irrigation Development
Secretary of School Development Committee, Regina Mundi High School, Gweru, 2011–2013
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Zimbabwe National Association for Mental Health (ZIMNAMH), a Social Welfare Organisation (Board Member 1998–2003, Deputy Chairman 2003–2007 & Chairman 2007–2012)
Chairman, School Development Association, North Park Primary School, Mount Pleasant, Harare, 2003–2004
Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe (AFM), National Disciplinary Committee Member & Secretary for Mount Pleasant Assembly & Workers’ Council Member, Deacon, 2002–2005; Zion Christian Church Pastor & Bishop
University of Zimbabwe Termination of Studies (Appeals) Committee, 2003–2012, Member
Vice-President, Zimbabwe Law Students Association, 1994–1995
Mbuyanehanda Ex-Scholars Association (past Chairman), 1990–2006
Chairman, History Society, Hillside Teachers’ College, Bulawayo, 1989
Working Experience
• Judge, High Court of Zimbabwe: 3 May 2012 to current
• Advocate: Advocates’ Chambers, Zimbabwe, January 1996–May 2012
• Lecturer: University of Zimbabwe, 1997–July 2012; also Part-time lecturer: Zimbabwe Ezekiel Guti University (ZEGU); Courses taught: Law of Property, Law of Delict, Public International Law & International Humanitarian Law
