2.1 Presentation2- Agriculture

8/4/2019 2.1 Presentation2- Agriculture

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4/21/12

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE: TIMELINE

POLICARPIO R. MALONDAInstructorSchool of Graduate Studies and Research

Partido State UniversityGoa, Camarines Sur


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Eleven days after the proclamation of thePhilippine Independence on June 12, 1898,President Emilio Aguinaldo formed his government

with the Department ofAgriculture and

Manufacturing as one of the first agencies.


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The Department was headed by threedirectors, Jose Alejandrino (1898-1899), Graciano Gonzaga and Leon Ma.

Guerrero, both during the latter part of 1899.


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In 1901 during the American regime, theDepartment was renamed Insular Bureau ofAgriculture under the Department of Interior andwas headed by Americans, Frank Lamson-

Scribner(1902), WC Welborn (1904), and Dr.George Nesom (1907).


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In 1910, the Bureau, under the supervision of theDepartment of Public Instruction, was headedby Frederick Taylor(1911-1914) and Harry

Edwards (1914-1916).


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After Edwards, the helm of the bureau was againgiven to a Filipino, Adriano Hernandez who

himself was a practicing farmer.


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In 1917, the Department of Agriculture and

Natural Resources (DANR) took over thefunctions of the bureau and was ledby Secretaries Galicano Apacible (1917-1921), Rafael Corpuz (1921-1923), and Silvestre

Apostol (1923-1928).


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During the administration ofSecretary RafaelAlunan, Sr. (1928-1932), the DANR became theDepartment of Agriculture and Commerce. TheBureau of Agriculture was split into two bureaus,the Plant Industry and the Animal Industry.

The following year, the Fish and GameAdministration and the Fiber Inspection Servicewere established under the leadership

ofSecretary Vicente SingsonEncarnacion (1933-1934).


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From 1934-1938, Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr. wasappointed Secretary and was replacedby Secretary Benigno S. Aquino, Sr. until 1941.During Aquinos term, the Fish and Game

Administration was restructured and the Division ofSoil Survey was created.


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Upon the outbreak of the Pacific War, Pres.

Quezon re-appointed Secretary Rafael Alunan,Sr. (1941-1942) as Secretary of Agriculture andCommerce.

After the Japanese liberalization on July 4, 1945,the government rebuilt the country andreconstituted the agencies includingthe Department of Agriculture and Commerce

(DAC).


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With the resumption of the Commonwealth

Government, President Sergio Osmeareappointed Vicente Singson Encarnacion asSecretary of the DAC.

Thereafter, Mariano Garchitorena (1946-1948)was appointed by President Manuel Roxas.

In 1947, the Department was renamed as

the Department of Agriculture and NaturalResources (DANR).


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In September 1948, President Elpidio Quirino

appointed Placido L. Mapa as Secretary.

Two years later, Vice President FernandoLopez served concurrently as the DANR chief.

During his term, the Bureau of AgriculturalExtension (now Agricultural Training Institute) wasestablished, along with the organization of the 4-HClubs and Rural Improvement Clubs (RICs)

nationwide


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In 1953, President Quirino reappointed Placido L.Mapa as Secretary. Under his tenure, the RiceEconomic Board was set up, making the riceindustry the first commodity to have an integrated

national planning.


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Salvador Araneta (1953-55) was later named asSecretary and three major agencies under the

DANR were created, namely: Agricultural TenancyCommission, precursor of the Department ofAgrarian Reform; Philippine TobaccoAdministration, forerunner of the National Tobacco

Administration; and Philippine CoconutAdministration (now known as Philippine CoconutAuthority).


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During the latter part of his term, President

Magsaysay appointed Juan G. Rodriguez (1955-60) as DANR chief, whose term was highlighted byseveral milestones: the Philippines became amember of the United Nations Food and

Agriculture Organization (FAO); launch of theNational Rice and Corn Production Program; andcreation of the Rice and Corn CoordinatingCouncil, forerunner of the National Agricultural and

Fishery Council (NAFC).


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On September 14, 1959, the DANR offices moved

from Manila (at Agrifina Circle) to Quezon City(along Elliptical Road , Diliman).

When Cesar Fortich became the DANR chief in

1961, the Abaca Development Board (forerunnerof the Fiber Development Authority) was created.


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Jose Locsin, then concurrent Chairman of the

National Economic Council, succeeded Fortichfrom September to December 1961.

In 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal

appointed Benjamin M. Gozon as Secretary.During his term, two agencies were created: theBureau of Agricultural Economics (forerunner ofthe Bureau of Agricultural Statistics); and theNational Rice and Corn Administration or RCA(now known as the National Food Authority)..


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The following year, President Macapagal

appointed RCA AdministratorJose Y.Feliciano as concurrent Secretary of Agriculture.Feliciano launched theAgricultural MarketingNews Service that provided regularly farmers and

consumers prices of selected commodities.


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In 1964, President Ferdinand Marcos named Vice

Pres. Lopez as Secretary, serving for the secondtime in a concurrent capacity. Considered as therice czar, he successfully implemented aproduction program that enabled the Philippines to

export rice for the first time in 1968


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During the early years of Martial Law, in May 1974,

President Marcos reorganized and split the DANRinto two agencies: Department of Agriculture (DA);and Department of Natural Resources(DNR). Arturo R. Tanco, Jr. was named as DA

Secretary


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Four years later, government departments weretransformed into ministries.

With Tanco remaining at the helm of the Ministryof Agriculture, the Masagana 99 rice productionprogram was launched which made the country

self-sufficient and a rice exporter. A similarprogram on corn also made the country self-sufficient in white corn.


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In June 1978, the MA established 12 regional

offices nationwide.

Six years later, in June 1984, the agency wasrenamed Ministry of Agriculture and Food

(MAF). The Bureau of Fisheries and AquaticResources was transferred from the Ministry ofNatural Resources.


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In 1984, under a parliamentary

government, Assemblyman Salvador H.Escudero III former Director of the Bureau ofAnimal Industry and MAF Deputy Minister served as MAF Minister.

Escudero implemented the Intensive RiceProduction Program (IRPP), an import-substitutionprogram, expanded governments animal dispersalprogram, particularly the BakahangBarangay(cattle raising the at village level)andPagbababuyan (swine raising).


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On February 1986, as a result of the EDSA

People Power Revolution,Corazon C. Aquino wascatapulted as President. She named Ramon V.Mitra, Jr. as MAF Minister who implemented policyand institutional reforms that freed the agriculture

markets, enabling farmers to enjoy higher farmgateprices.


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MAF Deputy Minister Carlos G. Dominguez wasappointed to replace Minister Mitra.


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On January 30, 1987, President Aquino signed

and issued Executive Order No. 116, whichrenamed and reorganized the MAF intothe Department of Agriculture. Under DA,Dominguez introduced reforms in the rural credit

system and established ComprehensiveAgricultural Loan Fund (CALF)


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In 1988, the Livelihood Enhancement forAgricultural Development (LEAD) program waslaunched to speed up farmers' organizationsaccess to financing, management expertise, and

marketing. Agriculture and Fishery Councils(AFCs) were set up at the sectoral, regional,provincial and municipal levels to provide inputs onmajor programs and policy decisions and help plan

and monitor DA projects.


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Senen C. Bacani, appointed in Janaury1990, implemented the Rice Action Program (RAP)and Corn Production Enhancement Program(CPEP) enabling the Philippines to once again

export rice in 1992 and attained self-sufficiency incorn, respectively.


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In 1992, President Fidel V. Ramosnamed Roberto S. Sebastian as DA chief whointroduced the Key Production Approach (KPA)which became the basis in the formulation of the

Medium-Term Agricultural Development Plan(MTADP).


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In 1996, President Ramos appointed Dr. SalvadorH. Escudero III, serving for the second time as DA

Secretary. During that time, he launchedthe Gintong Anifood production and securityprogram. He also organized subsistence farmersinto functional groups and cooperatives, aimed at

transforming them into viable producers andentrepreneurs


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In July 1998, President Joseph Ejercito Estradadesignated William D. Daras Acting DA Secretarywho introduced the Estrada administration's 10-point agenda in agriculture and fisheries under

theAgrikulturang Makamasa program


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In March 1999, President Estrada named former

Senate President Edgardo J. Angara as DASecretary who authored the Agriculture andFisheries Modernization Act of 1998 or AFMA(Republic Act No. 8435). He put into action the

laws visions of transforming and modernizing thecountrys agriculture and fisheries sector.


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Domingo F. Panganiban continued the

implementation of AFMA as the governmentscomprehensive framework and platform for ruraldevelopment when he assumed office in January2001.

A month later, he was replaced by Leonardo Q.Montemayorwho implemented the AFMA withspecial emphasis on its social equity aspect. He

launched the Ginintuang Masaganang AniCountrywide Assistance for Rural Employment andServices (GMA-CARES).


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Secretary Luis P. Lorenzo Jr., took the helm ofthe Department in December 2002 andspearheaded the launching of the Roll-On, Roll-Offor RORO transport program. The hybridization

programs of the Department were intensified andinterventions were focused on the Mindanaoregions.


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Secretary Arthur C. Yap, appointed on August

23, 2004, continued to uphold the vision of amodernized smallholder agriculture and fisheries, adiversified rural economy that is dynamic,technologically advance and internationally

competitive. Under his term, Goal 1 (develop twomillion hectares of new lands for agribusiness tocontribute two million to the 10 million jobstargeted by 2010) and Goal 2 (make food plentiful

while keeping the price of "wage goods" at lowprices) were unveiled.


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During Panganibans 2nd term as Secretary, a

total of 203,000 hectares of idle lands and 313,000jobs were developed under Goal 1 and tenHuwarang Palengke (outstanding markets) wereidentified under Goal 2. Food lanes were

designated for easier, faster and kotong-freetransport of agricultural products.


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When Secretary Yap took the agri seat on

October 23, 2006, he has aggressively andconsistently implemented various projects andpolicies towards the attainment of food securityand self-sufficiency. Under FIELDS, the

governments centerpiece program on agriculture,unveiled during the 2008 Food Summit, Yap hasset achievement records for the Philippine agri andaqua sectors


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Secretary Bernie Fondevilla continued DAs

mandate of providing sufficient food andsustainable livelihood for the Filipino peoplethrough modernized technologies and facilitieswhen he took the agri seat on March 2010


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On June 30, 2010, President Benigno Simeon

Aquino III appointed two-term congressman ofQuezon and civil engineer by profession ProcesoJ. Alcala as Secretary. One of the principalauthors of Republic Act 10068, or the Organic

Agriculture Act of 2010, he is keen on increasingrice production and do away with rice imports by2013 by expanding areas planted to rice to includeuplands, marshlands and idle farmlands

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