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A Choice Collection of Rare Secrets (1682)
Alchemy & Diderot's Alchemical Chart of
Affinities (1778)
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In 1789,Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33
chemical elements.
Gases
New names (French)Old names (Englishtranslation)
Lumire Light
Calorique HeatPrinciple of heatIgneous fluidFireMatter of fire and of heat
Oxygne Dephlogisticated air
Empyreal airVital air
Base of vital air
Azote Phlogisticated gasMephitisBase of mephitis
Hydrogne Inflammable air or gasBase of inflammable air
Metals
New names (French) Old names (Englishtranslation)
Antimoine Antimony
Argent Silver
Arsenic Arsenic
Bismuth Bismuth
Cobolt Cobalt
Cuivre Copper
tain Tin
Fer Iron
Manganse Manganese
Mercure Mercury
Molybdne Molybdena
Nickel Nickel
Or Gold
Platine Platina
Plomb Lead
Tungstne TungstenZinc Zinc
Nonmetals
New names (French)Old nams (Englishtranslation)
Soufre Sulphur
Phosphore Phosphorus
Carbone Pure charcoal
Radical muriatique Unknown
Radical fluorique Unknown
Radical boracique Unknown
Earths
New names (French)Old names (Englishtranslation)
Chaux Chalk, calcareous earth
MagnsieMagnesia, base of Epsomsalt
Baryte Barote, or heavy earth
AlumineClay, earth of alum, base
of alum
SiliceSiliceous earth, vitrifiableearth
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John Dalton Elements
A fuller list of Dalton's elements and symbols (1808)
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Familiar metalic elements gold () silver ()
copper () iron ()tin ()
lead () mercury ()
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Common non-metals in China carbon ()
boron ()
sulfur ()
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Transliterate NamesEnglish Japanese Notesodium natoriumu () natrium in Latin
uranium uran () Uran in German, uran in Polish
and ran in Icelandic
Native NamesEnglish Japanese Chinese Notemercury suigin () gong () literally meaning "watery silver", like the
element's symbol, Hg (Latin for hydro-argyrum).
zinc aen () xin () meaning "lesser lead", with lead being in
bothJapanese and Chinese
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Means IRON
Means LEAD
Means TIN
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Meaning-based NamesEnglish Japanese Chinese Noteplatinum hakkin ( "white
gold")
similar to Chinese
hydrogen suiso ( "water'scomponent")
translation of the hydro- prefix
chlorine enso ( "salt'scomponent")
it and sodium make up commontable salt (NaCl);
is the Shinjitai version of.
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Translated NamesEnglish Korean Source
silver eun () from Chinese yin ()
antimony antimon () from German
tungsten teongseuten () from Englishsodium nateuryum () from Latin (Na for natrium)
potassium kalyum () from Latin kalium
manganese manggan () from German Mangan
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Pre-modern (18th-century) ElementsEnglish Korean (Hangul, hanja)hydrogen suso (,)
carbon tanso (,)nitrogen jilso (,)
oxygen sanso (,)
chlorine yeomso (,)
zinc ayeon (,)
mercury sueun (,)
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