2140608

Concrete Technology

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DARSHAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY, RAJKOT

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

GTU scheme for Concrete Technology

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University

exam

Viva Mid sem

exam

P. A. Total

Marks

Subject

Credit

70 30 30 20 150 05

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Module :1 Introduction

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INTRODUCTION

Concrete is most commonly used building material.

Concrete is a mixture of Cement, Fine Aggregate,

Course Aggregate and Water.

It is very strong in carrying compressive strength,

and extremely weak in Tensile stress.

INTRODUCTION

The strength of concrete is depends upon the

quantity of its ingredients, and also depends

upon they are mixed, placed, compacted and

cured.

Reinforcement is in concrete to resist tensile

strength is called RCC.

Concrete without reinforcement is called PCC.

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INTRODUCTION

Concrete is most commonly used for

construction of various structural elements such

as Slab, Beams, Column, Walls, Footings,

Water tanks, Retaining Walls, Staircases,

Electric poles, Piles, Dams, Piers, Pavements,

Swimming pool, Bunkers, Silos, Chimney etc.

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Composition of Concrete

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Concrete is a composition of mainly Cement,

Fine Aggregate, Course Aggregate and Water.

The ratio of ingredient change the strength of

concrete, hence its necessary to design the

concrete to meet their specific strength.

Admixtures are used in making concrete to

improve one or more properties of concrete.

Advantages of Concrete over other materials

Concrete possesses a high compressive strength

and is not affected by corrosion and weathering

effect easily.

Concrete can easily handled and moulded into

any shape.

Concrete can be pumped and hence it can be

laid at any level.

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Advantages of Concrete over other materials

Concrete is economical in the long run as

compare to other materials.

Concrete is durable and fire resistance.

Form work can be used number of times for

similar job.

Repair work in concrete is quicker, simpler and

cheaper.

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Disadvantages of Concrete

Concrete has low tensile strength and hence

cracks are developed easily.

Expansion joint is necessary to avoid cracks.

It has low strength to weight ratio.

Low ductility.

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

Increasing construction challenges in

combination with new innovations in materials

and production techniques have provided a high

performance concrete.

It is now possible to produced concrete with

natural mineral aggregate up to compressive

strength of 230 Mpa.

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

It the natural mineral aggregate is replaced by

high quality ceramic aggregate, compressive

strength of upto 500 MPa can be achieved.

Even with lightweight aggregate compressive

strengths of more than 110 MPs with density of

less than 1800 Kg/m3.

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

In combination with high molding pressure and

hot curing, special concrete materials with

compressive strengths of upto 800 MPa have

been obtained.

The construction of Sydney opera house, Abu-

Dhabi exhibition center tower and Bruj Khalifa

(the tallest building in the world height 828m)

is possible because changes in concrete

technology.

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Sydney opera house

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Abu-Dhabi exhibition center tower

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Bruj Khalifa (the tallest building in the world height 828m)

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

The king Fahd causeway is 28km connecting

Saudi Arabia and Bahrain.

Grande Dixena dam in Switzerland is the tallest

concrete dam in the world of 285m.

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King Fahd Causeway

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Grande Dixena dam (ht. 285m)

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

Continuous innovation in concrete produced

new concrete such as translucent concrete,

Nano-concrete etc.

Translucent concrete invented by architect Aron

Lo Sonezi in 2001.

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Translucent concrete

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

Translucent concrete Significance of translucent is that if someone

stands in front of it and is shown from behind, the

persons shadow can be seen clearly on the other

side. The translucent blocks are made by mixing

glass fiber into combination of crushed stone,

cements and water.

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Advanced and Future tends in Concrete

Concrete has versatile properties so proper

knowledge and research more suitable for

future needs.

It is a great challenge to both engineers and

researcher to further development of existing

technology on high performance concrete to

benefit of both the concrete industry and the

society.

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Sustainability and Concrete Development

Sustainability it means “The development that

meets the needs of the present without

compromising the ability of future generations

to meet their own needs.”

Sustainability lies at the heart of construction

and design.

Concrete is made of ingredients which are

locally available and in a vast quantities.

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Sustainability and Concrete Development

Recycled aggregate can be easily used for

construction.

Waste material from other industries such as fly

ash, slag and silica fume can be add in concrete

to improve their strength and other properties.

Concrete consumed less energy during its

manufacturing process. Hence it is one of the

most sustainable material.

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Module 1 is completed