The Colombian Presidential Agency of International Cooperation

APC-Colombia

Challenges in Tracking International Cooperation Resources for Climate and Biodiversity in Colombia

Jorge Ivan Escalante Castellanos

Colombian biodiversity

Colombia is a country with great biological and cultural diversity.

Colombia is one of the world’s “mega diverse” countries, close to 10% of the planet’s biodiversity.

Bird species richness (1.850 species), amphibians (669 species) and wealth of mammals (471 species). It is estimated that there are about 40.000 species of plants, accounting for 15% of global diversity.

With 314 types of ecosystems, Colombia possesses a rich complexity of ecological, climatic, biological and ecosystem components..

This varied richness represents a significant challenge for developing sustainable initiatives.

Colombia’s biodiversity is essential for assuring basic conditions, in the present and future, for the improvement of human wellbeing, social equality and economic development.

Moreover, biodiversity with its functions and processes, provides indirect-use services, such as: climate regulation, prevention of disasters, soil formation, water purification and recreation.

Colombia is the world’s third most vulnerable country to climate change, according to Frank Pearl, who was Colombia’s Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development (Sep. 2011 – Sep. 2012)

Colombian people have recently seen an increase in floods during the “Ola Invernal” or “seasonal rains”, while others faced continuous threats of drought.

Both the public and private sector in Colombia are aware of this hazard, with 95% of Bogotá’s inhabitants considering that climate change affects their life quality.

The country has reasons to worry as it relies on its agricultural sector which has already seen a decline in the production and exportation of its high quality coffee, mainly due to global warming.

Colombian biodiversity

1. How are climate and biodiversity related activities identified in national, sub-national and sectorial budgets?

Annual operation plan to be approved by CONPES

Ministry of Finance and Public Credit includes it in the General Nation Budget

Law

Investment proyects information to register in the projects national bank

• Institutional improvement •Biodiversity •Climate Change •Sectorial Environmental management •Knowledge management •Healthy sea management •Water resource management •Environmet governance and management

Environment and Sustainable development

Conpes : Superior Economic Council

National Development Plan 2014-2018

1. How are climate and biodiversity related activities identified in national, sub-national and sectorial budgets?

National Development Plan 2014-2018

Climate Change Direction

In order to track Unique Territory Report - FUT

Climate change investment

Investments in climate change (adaptation-mitigation) in

territory

Control

Tracking

Monitoring

Designed Follow

Unique Territory Report - FUT Sectorial Investment Territories

Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. International Affairs Office Mayo 14 de 2015

Ministries , Administrative Departments formulate the

investment projects. Unified System for Public Investment– SUIFP.

NAT

ION

AL

TERR

ITO

RIES

Interinstitutional commission

Technical Comittee

Ministry of Interior and Justice Ministry of Finance and Public Credit National Planning Department

National Statistics Department National Public Service Department Nation General Accounter

Health and Public Services Superintendence Ministry of Education Ministry of Health

Ministry of Housing, City and Territory of Colombia Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development

Ministry of Interior and Justice Ministry of Finance and Public Credit National Planning Department

National Statistics Department National Public Service Department Nation General Accounter

INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

1. How are climate and biodiversity related activities identified in national, sub-national and sectorial budgets?

Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. International Affairs Office Mayo 14 de 2015

National Development Plan 2014-2018

Tracking of International Cooperation

Total general US$ 373.009.464

40 33%

23 19%

22 18%

9 8%

17 14%

2 2%

7 6%

ODA Number of projects by marker 2011-2014

AMBIENTE

BIODIVERSIDAD

CC-ADAPTACIÓN

CC-BOTH MITIGACIÓN Y ADPATACIÓN

CC-MITIGACIÓN

DESERTIFICACIÓN

MULTI-VARIOS TEMAS

61 34%

56 32%

25 14%

9 5%

18 10%

2 1%

7 4%

Number of projects by marker 2011-2014

AMBIENTE

BIODIVERSIDAD

CC-ADAPTACIÓN

CC-BOTH MITIGACIÓN YADPATACIÓN

CC-MITIGACIÓN

DESERTIFICACIÓN

MULTI-VARIOS TEMAS

Tracking of International Cooperation

Total general US$ 373.009.464

$135,192,629 35%

$104,220,372 27%

$30,401,841 8%

$50,312,145 13%

$46,350,800 12%

$270,760 0%

$21,238,115 5%

International Environment Cooperation 2011 - 2014 in US$ by marker

AMBIENTE

BIODIVERSIDAD

CC-ADAPTACIÓN

CC-BOTH MITIGACIÓN Y ADPATACIÓN

CC-MITIGACIÓN

DESERTIFICACIÓN

MULTI-VARIOS TEMAS

Tracking of International Cooperation

$132,509,272 36%

$94,370,307 25%

$30,048,715 8%

$50,312,145 13%

$44,260,150 12%

$270,760 0% $21,238,115

6%

ODA in US$ by marker 2011-2014

AMBIENTE

BIODIVERSIDAD

CC-ADAPTACIÓN

CC-BOTH MITIGACIÓN YADPATACIÓN

CC-MITIGACIÓN

DESERTIFICACIÓN

MULTI-VARIOS TEMAS

Total general US$ 373.009.464

$2,683,357 18%

$9,850,065 66%

$353,126 2% $2,090,650

14%

New source by marker 2011-2014

AMBIENTE

BIODIVERSIDAD

CC-ADAPTACIÓN

CC-MITIGACIÓN

3. What are the challenges experienced in tracking domestic climate and biodiversity related finance in national or sub-national government budgets?

1. Classify the nature of the investments and determine which are the attributes that would make a project might be

classified as climate change or biodiversity marker.

2. The preparation of statistics by country or sector on biodiversity-related aid, climate change-related aid or

desertification-related aid must be coherent with the OECD information (CRS).

3. The information between the cooperation provider and the country should be the same.

4. Centralize total finance flows information that includes national Budgets, other regional or local financial flows and

international cooperation flows that are not considered by Presidential Agency for International Co-operation, Colombia

5. Consolidate ONE Information System to track international cooperation finance flows in biodiversity and climate change.

6. Results information (geographical, municipalities, beneficiaries, results)

12 recomendations for Tracking of International Cooperation

3. What are the challenges experienced in tracking domestic climate and biodiversity related finance in national or sub-national government budgets?

7. Tracking and articulation for international cooperation in environment and sustainable development that creates dialog

with cooperants and to identify opportunities and best practices.

8. Have a national definition for “climate finances” to identify if a cooperation flow is in climate change or not.

9. Climate change will be a priority area for international cooperation to benefit mitigation or adaptation.

10. Increase investment budgets for biodiversity and climate change. Not function budgets.

11. The investments made with few resources will have long term results.

12. Coordinate the investment in the different entities of the National System of Environment to simplify efforts and

prioritize important areas.

12 recomendations for Tracking of International Cooperation

Annexes

$- $10,000,000 $20,000,000 $30,000,000 $40,000,000 $50,000,000 $60,000,000 $70,000,000

EE.U

U.

ALEM

ANIA

CORE

A

UN

IÓN

…

CAN

ADA

PAIS

ES B

AJO

S

SUIZ

A

BM

PNU

D-U

NDP

FIN

LAN

DIA

UN

-HAB

ITAT

BID

CAF

REIN

O U

NID

O

ESPA

ÑA

JAPO

N

UN

ICEF

OEI

International Contribution for Environment marker 2011-2014

$-

$5,000,000

$10,000,000

$15,000,000

$20,000,000

$25,000,000

International Contribution for Biodiversity marker 2011-2014

$- $2,000,000 $4,000,000 $6,000,000 $8,000,000

$10,000,000 $12,000,000 $14,000,000

International Contribution for adaptation marker 2011-2014

$- $5,000,000

$10,000,000 $15,000,000 $20,000,000 $25,000,000

International Contribution for Mitigation marker 2011-2014

$-

$5,000,000

$10,000,000

$15,000,000

$20,000,000

$25,000,000

$30,000,000

$35,000,000

$40,000,000

$45,000,000

$50,000,000

EE.UU. PNUD-UNDP BID FAO REINO UNIDO CAF

International Contribution for adaptation+mitigation markers 2011-2014

$-

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

FINLANDIA

International Contribution for desertification marker 2011-2014

$-

$2,000,000

$4,000,000

$6,000,000

$8,000,000

$10,000,000

$12,000,000

EE.UU. ALEMANIA UNIÓN EUROPEA

FRANCIA PAISES BAJOS

International Contribution for different markers 2011-2014