Section 3-2

Heather Sullivan- FRHSDHeather Sullivan- FRHSD

Alive

Cut

Alive

C ut

Alive Alive?

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

Alive Alive?

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

Alive Alive?

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

Alive Alive? Alive

Kla us Be c ke r

Cut

Growth

mediumShake

apart

Alive Alive Alive

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

Sha ke a p a rt

Alive Alive Alive Alive?

Kla us Be c ke r

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

Sha ke a p a rt

Ta ke one c e ll

Alive Alive Alive Alive?

C ut

G ro wth m e d ium

G ro wth m e d ium

Sha ke a p a rt

Ta ke one c e ll

Alive Alive Alive Alive?

Cut

Growth

medium

Growth

medium

Shake

apart

Take

one cell

Alive Alive Alive Alive Alive

Cut

Growth

medium

Growth

medium

Shake

apart

Shake

harder (blender)

Take

one cell

Alive Alive Alive Alive Alive

Cut

Growth

medium

Growth

medium

Shake

apart

Shake

harder (blender)

Take

one cell

X

Alive Alive Alive Alive Alive

Cut

Growth

medium

Growth

medium

Shake

apart

Shake

harder (blender)

Take

one cell

X

Alive Alive Alive Alive Alive Dead

List the three parts of the cell theory.

Determine why cells must be relatively small.

Compare the structure of prokaryotic cells with that of eukaryotic cells.

Describe the structure of cell membranes.

The cell theory is one of the great triumphs in biology

The introduction of the microscope made the study of the cell possible

Earliest microscopes invented around 1590 by an unknown Dutch spectacle maker

In 1665, he described and illustrated some pores and box-like structures in a thin slice of a piece of cork.

He called these structures “cells,” (cella = small room; like prisoner's cell, or honeycomb cell)

CORK CELL SKETCHES HOOKE’S MICROSCOPE

In the 1820s and 1830s microscopes began to be manufactured in England, France, Germany, and Austria and soon became a regular part of the equipment of the better laboratories

That led to the discovery that “cells” were not empty but that contain “cytoplasm”

In 1831 Brown realized that the nucleus was a regular feature of all cells

By the end of the 1830s there were two major questions:

What was the role of the cell in the organism

How do new cells originate?

Matthias Schleiden (German, 1804-1881)

Originally a lawyer, then a botanist plant scientist)

Described as very moody and arrogant. Depressive character- even attempted suicide

Theodor Schwann (German 1810-1882)

Religious & Simple-minded

Tidbits… Discovered

Pepsin (digestive enzyme)

Coined the term Metabolism

The evolution of the cell theory is one of the best examples of progress of science based on large number of observations

Because, although cells had been observed, many scientists failed to realize its importance to life

Many of their initial ideas were totally incorrect; yet, they stimulated a great deal of scientific research that led to other great discoveries

It required the development of better and better instruments (microscopes)

The entire theory was based on a simple observation. Almost no experimentation was needed

It is a good example that great, basic ideas escape the mind of most people (people lose sight of the forest when they are too busy focusing on the trees)

1. Cells are the smallest unit of life

2. All living things are made up of cells

3. Cells come from existing cells

4. Plant & Animal Cells have the same basic parts:

1. Membrane2. Nucleus3. Cytoplasm