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31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 1
Ambient Networks
Die Weiterentwicklung mobiler Netztechnik nach UMTS
Andreas SchiederEricsson Research
This presentation has been produced in the context of the Ambient Networks Project. The Ambient Networks Project is part of the European Community's Sixth Framework Program for research and is as such funded by the European Commission. All information in this presentation is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubts, the European Commission has no liability in respect of this presentation, which is merely representing the authors view.
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 2
Outline
AN architecture and basic concepts Network CompositionMulti-Radio AccessMedia DeliveryDissemination and outlook to phase 2
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 3
AN architecture and basic concepts
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 4
Validation
Reconfigurability
Quality of Service
User requirements
WWI Coordination Team
WWI Steering Board
Resilience
Security and trust
Operability
System architecture
Current WWI Integrated ProjectsCurrent WWI Cross Issues
WINNER E2RAmbientNetworks
MobiLife
WWI organisation in Phase I
Source: WWI Chaired by Ambient Networks
WWI Collaboration
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 5
Ambient Networks project phases
Phase 2 Phase 3
Establishing the Ambient Networks
Concept and its Feasibility
Technology Development
System SynthesisWork - Areas
IV: Prototyping
and Validation
Phase 12004-2005
Phase 22006-2007
Phase 32008-2009
I: Concepts and
Architecture
I: Concepts and
Architecture
II: Key II: Key Technical ProblemsProblems
III: Business Interfaces and
Commercial Viability
III: Business Interfaces and
Commercial Viability
Establishing the Ambient Networks
Concept and its Feasibility
Technology Development
System SynthesisWork - Areas
IV: Prototyping
and ValidationUsability/Networks
Test CasesUsability/Networks
Test Cases
Usability/NetworksPrototypes
Usability/NetworksPrototypes
Integration across WWI,
Validation,Market
Dissemination
Integration across WWI,
Validation,Market
Dissemination
Business Feasibility Business Interfaces Market Dissemination
Concepts &Architecture Design
Concepts &Architecture Design
Architecture:Scalability, Evolvability
Architecture:Scalability, Evolvability
Architecture,Standards
Architecture,Standards
Functions of ANControl Space
Functions of ANControl Space
Feasibility,Feasibility, Detailed Specification,Technical Development,
Performance
Detailed Specification,Technical Development,
Performance
Optimisation forPerformance
and Deployment
Optimisation forPerformance
and Deployment
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 6
Requirements posed on the AN Architecture
1. Heterogeneous Networks
2. Mobility
3. Composition
4. Security and Privacy
5. Backward Compatibility and Migration
6. Network Robustness and Fault Tolerance
7. Quality of Service
8. Multi-Domain Support
9. Accountability
10. Context Awareness
11. Extensibility of the Network Services Provided
12. Application Innovation and Usability
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 7
An Ambient Network and its links to the environment
AmbientConnectivity
NamingTraffic
Engineering
Multi-RadioResource
Management
AgreementEstablishment
ContextInformation
OverlaySupport
Layer
RoutingGroup
Information
AmbientAmbientNetworkNetworkInterfaceInterface
AmbientAmbientNetworkNetworkInterfaceInterface
AmbientAmbientServiceServiceInterfaceInterface
AmbientAmbientResourceResourceInterfaceInterface
Ambient Control SpaceAmbient Control Space
Reference Points
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 8
ACS Architecture
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 9
The Ambient Connectivity Abstraction
Connectiv
ity
Abstra
ctio
n
Connectiv
ity
Beare
rAbst
ract
ion
Ambient Network A
Flow Transit
Node
BearerIntermediary
Ambient Network B
Path
Flow
Flow EndpointFlow
Endpoint
Link
Applicat
ions
Application SessionApplication
BearerEndpoint
AmbientNetworkInterface
BearerEndpoint
“AN-node” “AN-link”“AN-node”
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 10
LD1(IPv4 Core)
LD2 LD3NR2
DNS
NR3
A B
DHT
DNS DNS
Nodes haveHIP-like
Node IDs,self-generated
public keys
Domains areconnected
by “NID routers”that route basedon destination
NIDs
At the core, we do not wanta global DHT of all nodes.
Instead, peer’s core NID router(NR3) is passed in the packets. A
small DHT can look up the locator of NR3.
End-to-end security
is based on NIDs.
Locator domainshave independent
address spaces
DNS retrievesNode ID of peer (B),
and Node ID of peer’score router (NR3)
Internetworking Architecture
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 11
Traits of the Internetworking Concept
Integrates local mobility, end-to-end mobility, and network mobility Even makes network-based multi-homing possible
A
A
B
(a)
A A
B
(b) (c)
A
BA
Initial handshake (~ HIP) provides an always-on security model; subsequent packets are protected
The handshake also has basic DoS protection Additionally, nodes can manage their NIDs and NID routers in a Hi3-like
manner to provide network-based DoS protection NIDs can be changed on the fly for privacy reasons, and NID routers
provide location privacy
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 12
Network Composition
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Motivation for Composition
The central concept of Ambient Networks is Composition
Composition is… a uniform, dynamic procedure for network interworking on the control plane
Uniform procedure independent of network type and technology
Dynamic procedure minimize human intervention
Control Plane Interworking regarding routing, addressing, mobility, QoS, security, charging,..
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 14
Composition Use Cases Types of Composition
Network Integration• Involved networks merge into one common network
• E.g. creation of a PAN
Control Delegation or Control Sharing• One AN delegates certain control functions to the other AN
• 3GPP-WLAN interworking:WLAN delegates authentication, authorization and charging to 3GPP network
Network Interworking• Cooperation according to the Composition Agreement but no control
delegation
• E.g. dynamic roaming agreements Incr
easi
ng c
ontr
ol p
lane
coo
pera
tion
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 15
Composition - Standardization
The Ambient Networks Project established aStudy Item “Network Composition” in 3GPP SA1
TR 22.980 „Network composition feasibility study; (Release 7)”
Content Purpose and benefits of composition Use cases Requirement Composition Process New functionality in 3GPP networks Relation to other functionality in evolving 3GPP architecture
• AIPN,…
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 16
Multi-Radio Access
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 17
Research Concepts
Terminal
Access Provider
3G Radio 4G Radio
RelayingNetwork
RelayingTerminal
4G Radio
4G Radio
WiMAX
3G Radio
4G Radio
Multi-radio multi-hop
LocalAccess Provider
WLAN
Resource sharing with cooperating local access provider
Load management and instant mapping of data flows between accesses
Access Provider
WLAN
Resource sharing between cooperating operators
Simultaneous/seamless multi-operator access
( )
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 18
Dynamic Access Selection Algorithms
Taxonomy of AlgorithmsTime Scale of Access Selection
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 1min 1h 1d
Slow channel variations(shadowing, slow fading, cell change)
Stability of multi-hop routes
Fast channel variations(scattering, diffraction,
fast fading)
Slow load variations(new users / sessions, handover)
Fast load variations(interference, data bursts, user handover, ...)
Ty
pe
of
Ac
ce
ss
Se
lec
tio
n
Link Quality BasedAccess Selection
Load Based Access Selection
Fast Access Selection Slow Access Selection
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 19
Access Selection Results
“Slow” access selection “Fast” access selection
Timescale Order of seconds
Selection per flow
Order of milliseconds
Selection per IP-Packet or MAC-PDU
Selection based on
Averaged Link Quality (“Slow”)
Network/Cell load, …
Instantaneous link quality (“Fast”)
Complexity Moderate Complexity Complex with high monitoring load
Drastic changes to legacy link layers
Capacity Gains
15%-20% additional capacity
gains by considering load
(compared to signal strength only)
In hotspot scenario up to 50%
15%-60% throughput and spectral
efficiency gain
Signalling delay decreases
performance, especially if delay >
timescale of channel variations
User Gains 15%-80% average bit-rate gain by
considering load
15%-60% user throughput gain with
single RAT at a time
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 20
Media Delivery
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 21
Media Delivery using SSONs Establishment of Service-Specific Overlay Networks (SSONs) using
Bearers SSONs are independent virtual networks for every media delivery service (or
group of services) SSONs allow dynamically tailoring the network to the specific needs of a
service
Why do we need SSONs? Means to include network-side media processors into end-to-end media
delivery path Control application of media functions (where, how, which costs, etc.)
What do SSONs achieve? SSONs decouple the configuration of virtual networks from the underlying
network SSONs enable flexible configuration of virtual networks in terms of
• Topology• Addressing• Routing• QoS
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 24
Ambient Networks
Dissemination and outlook to phase 2
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 25
Standardisation
>30 contributions in totalIETF submissions to hip and nsis
several hip submissions for security extensionsNsis extensions
IEEE 802.21 submissionsTriggering framework submitted
3GPP SI „composition“Approved at TSG SA Meeting #30, 05 - 07
December 2005, supported by Siemens, Ericsson, Nokia, Vodafone, NTT DoCoMo, NEC
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 26
Structure of Work in Phase 2
Technical Coordination and Business Models
Mobility Management
Context, Policy and Network Management
Connectivity and Dynamic Internetworking
Service-aware AdaptiveTransport Overlays
Composition and CompensationANI
Mig
ration
& S
tand
ardisatio
n R
oad
map
Secu
rity
WP-H
WP-A
WP-B
WP-D
WP-E
WP-F
WP-G
WP-C
ASI
Multi-AccessARI Nam
ing
Arch
itecture
Integration&
Verification
Technical Coordination and Business Models
Mobility Management
Context, Policy and Network Management
Connectivity and Dynamic Internetworking
Service-aware AdaptiveTransport Overlays
Composition and CompensationANIANI
Mig
ration
& S
tand
ardisatio
n R
oad
map
Secu
rity
WP-H
WP-A
WP-B
WP-D
WP-E
WP-F
WP-G
WP-C
ASIASI
Multi-AccessARIARI Nam
ing
Arch
itecture
Integration&
Verification
31 March 2006FFV2006 - Ambient Networks 27
Thank you for your attention! Questions?
www.ambient-networks.org