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tealthtealthTechnologyechnology

By:NITESH CHOUDHARY 50100

NISHANT MOTWANI - 50098

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ContentsHow a Radar System works?

What is Stealth Technology?

Principles of Stealth Technology

RCS reductionTypes of RAM

History of Stealth Technology

Current Scenario in the World

Current Scenario in IndiaFuture Proposal: Plasma Stealth

Conclusion

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How a Radar Systemworks?

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What is Stealth

Technology?Stealth Technology also known as Low

Observable Technology is a technology inwhich the object is made less visible to Radar

Systems, Sonar, Infrared and other detectionmethods.

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Principles of Stealth

TechnologyThe object can be shaped so that any radar

signals it reflects are reflected away from theradar equipment (Reduction of RCS).

The object can be covered in materials thatabsorb radar signals.

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Principle1:

Most conventional aircraft have a rounded

shape. The round shape means that no matterwhere the radar signal hits the plane, some ofthe signal gets reflected back.

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Principle 2: Radar Absorbent

Material (RAM)Radar-absorbent material, or RAM, is a

class of materials used in stealthtechnology to disguise a vehicle or structure

from radar detection. A material's absorbencyat a given frequency of radar wave dependsupon its composition.

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Types of RAMIron Ball Paint: It contains tiny spheres

coated with carbonyliron or ferrite. Radar waves induce molecular

oscillations from the alternating magneticfield in this paint, which leads to conversionof the radar energy into heat. The heat isthen transferred to the aircraft and

dissipated.

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Foam Absorber:This material typicallyconsists of a fireproofed urethane foamloaded with carbon black, and cut into longpyramids. Pyramidal RAM attenuates signalby two effects- scattering and absorption.

Jaumann absorber: AJaumannabsorberorJaumann layeris a radarabsorbent device. Jaumann layer consisted oftwo equally-spaced reflective surfaces and aconductive ground plane.

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History of Stealth

TechnologyThe Stealth Technology was introduced during

World War II in the German Submarines whenthey used Radar absorbent paint on it.

In 1945 the U.S. developed a RADAR-absorbentpaint containing iron.

In the mid 1960s, the U.S. built a high-altitudereconnaissance aircraft, the Lockheed SR-71

Blackbird, that was extremely RADAR-stealthyfor its day.

Later in 1980s, U.S. government admittedexistence of Stealth Aircraft. Since then, F 117 and B-2 bomber plane became familiar to

outer world.

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Along with FGFA, the two frequently used

stealth aircrafts are F-117 nighthawk and B-2spirit bomber stealth aircrafts which weredeployed by USA during Iraq and Afghanistanattacks.

Russian manufacturer Sukhoi announced that ithas a market for 1000 fifth generation SukhoiPAK FA aircrafts over next four decades,which will be produced in a joint venture with

India, including 200 aircrafts for India.

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Current Scenario in IndiaOn 11 September 2010, the Business Standard ofIndia reported that Russia and India signed anagreement for joint participation in a Fifth-Generation Fighter Aircraft Program(FGFA), which

will give India responsibility for development of atwo-seat model of the PAK-FA. Its already beingtouted as superior to the American FA-22 raptor.

India has made a $25 billion deal in this projectwith Russia for 250 such aircrafts, each plane

costing Rs. 450 crore approx. which is set to becompleted in 2017.The Indian Air Force will acquire 50 single-seater

fighters of the Russian version before the twoseat FGFA is developed.

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Future Proposal: PLASMA

STEALTHPlasma stealth is a proposed process that

uses ionized gas (plasma) to reduce the radarcross section (RCS) of an aircraft.

A plasma is a quasineutral mixtureof ions, electrons, and neutral particles

A plasma can absorb all the energy in anincoming wave and hence reduces RCS, and

this is the key to plasma stealth. A reduction in RCS also results in a

proportional reduction in detection range,allowing an aircraft to get closer to the radarbefore being detected.

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A computer generated picture ofPlasma Stealth Implementation inAircrafts.

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ConclusionStealth Technology concludes its militaryapplications in fighter Aircrafts, so that theaircrafts designed using this technology are

almost invisible to Radar detectiontechniques and other sonar, Infrareddetection methods.

Stealth Technology is a step towards achieving

invisibility. The first principle mainlyconcludes this by the reduction of RCS.

FGFAs designed on Stealth Technology arecompletely invisible to present Radar

Systems.

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