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4 September 2010 4.35am NZT
Magnitude 7.1
Depth 11km
Epicentre around 40km west of Christchurch
Human toll: 0 deaths, 2 serious injuries
Estimated financial cost: approx. NZ $4 billion
*
* M 7.1 epicentre
A
B
A = Highfield Road, B = Homebush, C = Halswell Rd
C
www.geonet. … /var/storage/images/media/images/news/2010/map_of_fault_20100912/44957-3-eng-GB/map_of_fault_20100912.jpg
Liquefaction by Halswell Rd - photo A Wood
Liquefaction
- under extreme shaking, water stopsbinding fine sand particles(get a slurry of fine sand /silt)
- under compression,excess water (carryingfine sand / silt with it)explodes through soilsurface in ‘sand volcanoes’
A
B
APN/The Star, Earthquake - September 4, 2010
Buckled Avonside footbridge,and Kaiapoi house affected bylateral slumping