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4444 HABITAT AND ADAPTATION
4444
HABITAT AND
ADAPTATION
HABITAT
THE SURROUNDINGS WHERE ORGANISMS LIVE IS CALLED A HABITAT.
HABITAT HAS GOT TWO COMPONENTS
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
PLANTS
ANIMALS
ROCKS
SOILWATER
AIR
HABITAT
TERRESTRIAL AQUATIC MOUNTAINS OCEANS GRASS LAND PONDS AND LAKESDESERT RIVERS
ADAPTATION
Anything that helps an organism survive in its environment is an adaptation.
It also refers to the ability of living things to adjust to different conditions within their environments.
DESERT
ADAPTATIONS OF DESERT ANIMALS
camels have long legs Which helps to keep their bodies away from the heat of sand
They excrete small amount of urine They do not sweat Animals like snakes and lizards stay
in burrows during day time to escape the heat
Fennec fox have long ears to cool itself.
ADAPTATION OF DESERT PLANTS
Leaves modified to spines to reduce transpiration
Photosynthesis is carried out by stems
Stem covered with waxy layer, helps to retain water
Roots grow deep into the soil to absorb water
Big, flat feetEnable camels to walk on the sand
without sinking into it.
Humps
Camel can store a
supply of water
so it doesn’t have
to stop to drink
Long eyelashesKeeps sand from storms
and glaring sun fromcamels eyes.
Long Legs
ANIMALS FOUND IN DESERT
MOUNTAIN REGIONS
Who would live here?
ADAPTATIONS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Have thick skin or fur to protect from cold
Eg: yak, tiger, angora rabbit
Strong hoofs for running up rocky slopes
Eg: mountain goat
Cone shaped trees with sloping branches help snow to slide off easily
Needle like leaves Cone shape of
trees help to withstand strong winds
GRASS LANDS
ADAPTATIONS
PREDATOR Ability to blend
with the surroundings, eg: light brown color of lion
Eyes in front of face allow correct location of prey
PREY Strong teeth for
chewing hard plant stems
Long ears to hear movements of predator
Eyes on the sides of head allow to look in all directions
Great speed
AQUATIC HABITATS
OCEANS PONDS AND LAKES
OCEANS
ADAPTATIONS
Streamlined body Gills to breathe dissolved oxygen in
water In mammals, nostrils located on the
upper parts of their heads helps to breathe in air
Can stay under water for along time without breathing
PONDS AND LAKES
PLANTS Roots are reduced in
size, main function is to hold the plant in place
Stems are hollow and light
Thin ribbon like leaves, allow water to flow over them without damaging them
Webbed feet as in duck and frog help in swimming
Stream lined body and fins in fishes help them to swim
LIFE PROCESSES
Looking at living things
Living things Although all living things look different
from each other, they all have seven things in common.
These seven things are called life processes.
Something is only alive if it does all seven processes.
THE SEVEN LIFE PROCESSES
1All living things move
Animals move their whole bodies to get from one place to another.
Plants turn towards the light and their roots grow down into the soil.
2
All living things reproduce
Animals have babies.
New plants grow from seeds.
3
All living things are sensitive
All living things respond to changes. Living things notice changes in their surroundings and react to them.
Eg. Plants grow towards the light.
Eg. People react to the temperature around them.
4
All living things need nutrition
Food is used to provide energy.
Green plants make their own food using sunlight.
Animals eat plants or other animals.
5All living things excrete
Waste substances must be removed from the body.
Plants and animals both need to get rid of waste gas and water.
6All living things respire
Plants and animals use the oxygen in the air to turn food into energy.
7All living things grow
Babies grow into adults.
Seedlings grow into plants.
The seven life processes
1 Move2 Reproduce3 Sensitive4 Nutrition5 Excrete6 Respire7 Grow
Use the first letter from each process to help you remember them. Move
Reproduce Sensitive NutritionExcrete Respire Grow
They spell MRS NERG
This is MRS NERG !
Can you remember what each of the letters in her name stand for ?
