6.1Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

HARDWARE ANDHARDWARE AND

SOFTWARESOFTWARE

6.2Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

• What computer hardware does our What computer hardware does our organization need?organization need?

• What networking arrangement is best for What networking arrangement is best for our organization?our organization?

• What software do we need to run our What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?business, and how do we select it?

• How should we acquire and manage the How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?firm’s hardware and software assets?

OBJECTIVES

6.3Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareNetworkingNetworking

• Personal Computer (PC)Personal Computer (PC)– Small desktop or portable computer

• ServerServer– Mid size computer, ‘front-end’– Provides services to other computers over a network

• MainframeMainframe– Large computer, ‘back-end’ processing– Provides management of corporate data base

• Centralized ProcessingCentralized Processing– Processing done by mainframe

• Client-Server ComputingClient-Server Computing– Splits processing between “clients” and “servers” on

network

6.4Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

NetworkingNetworking

Network Computer (NC)Network Computer (NC) – ‘Thin Client’ – ‘Thin Client’•Simplified desktop computer, does not store data permanently

6.5Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

• What computer hardware does our What computer hardware does our organization need?organization need?

• What networking arrangement is best for What networking arrangement is best for our organization?our organization?

• What software do we need to run our What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?business, and how do we select it?

• How should we acquire and manage the How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?firm’s hardware and software assets?

OBJECTIVES

6.6Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

Program:Program:

• instructions to the computerinstructions to the computer

System Software:System Software:• manages computer’s resources so that manages computer’s resources so that

application software can run efficientlyapplication software can run efficiently• eg multiprogramming, multiprocessingeg multiprogramming, multiprocessing

Application SoftwareApplication Software::

• Programs to serve end usersPrograms to serve end users• eg MS Accesseg MS Access

SOFTWARE

6.7Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareSOFTWARE

6.8Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

Operating Systems – How do they differ?Operating Systems – How do they differ?• InterfaceInterface

– GUI - uses icons and a mouse to control OS– command-line interface – uses typed commands

• Open-Source vs Proprietary SoftwareOpen-Source vs Proprietary Software– Proprietary – only vendor can modify– Open-source

– users can modify code to improve or fix errors– if sold, vendor must give purchaser same rights

• PopularityPopularity– Windows – most common PC OS– UNIX/Linux – most common web server OS– MAC OS – most popular for graphics intensive work

SOFTWARE

6.9Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

System Software and PC Operating SystemsSOFTWARE

6.10Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareSOFTWARE

Programming Languages:Programming Languages:

• Machine LanguageMachine Language• Consists of the 0s and 1s of binary code

• High Level Languages High Level Languages • Must be ‘complied’ (translated to machine language)• eg - COBOL, C++, Visual BASIC

• Programming tools designed to support the WebProgramming tools designed to support the Web• HTML, XML – page formatting tools• Java - Platform-independent programming language• .NET - Microsoft business strategy aimed at

convergence of personal computing and the Web

6.11Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

Types of Software Types of Software Software SuitesSoftware Suites

– Integrated Applications - eg MS Office XP– Word Processor, Spreadsheet, Database Manager

Enterprise SoftwareEnterprise Software– Integrated modules allowing data sharing across

major business functions - eg SAP

MiddlewareMiddleware• Allows two disparate applications to exchange data

SOFTWARE

6.12Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareSOFTWARE

6.13Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

• What computer hardware does our What computer hardware does our organization need?organization need?

• What networking arrangement is best for What networking arrangement is best for our organization?our organization?

• What software do we need to run our What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?business, and how do we select it?

• How should we acquire and manage the How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?firm’s hardware and software assets?

OBJECTIVES

6.14Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

• Capacity Planning:Capacity Planning: Process of Process of predicting the computing power neededpredicting the computing power needed

• Scalability:Scalability: Ability of a computer system Ability of a computer system to expand without breaking downto expand without breaking down

• Management of TCO:Management of TCO: total cost of total cost of owning IT resources includes:owning IT resources includes:• initial cost of hardware and software• cost of maintenance, upgrades, training etc.

• In-house vs Out sourcing:In-house vs Out sourcing: Use of Use of service providers? service providers?

MANAGING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ASSETS

6.15Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareMANAGING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ASSETS

6.16Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Management Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Second Canadian EditionSecond Canadian Edition

Chapter 6: Hardware and SoftwareChapter 6: Hardware and Software

HARDWARE ANDHARDWARE AND

SOFTWARESOFTWARE