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A Generic Multilevel Approach for Designing Domain Ontologies Based on XML Schemas
3rd Annual European DDI Users Group Meeting (EDDI 2011)
06.12.2011
Thomas Bosch
M.Sc. (TUM)postgraduate student
http://boschthomas.blogspot.comGESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
2
Generated Ontologies (OWL)XML Schemas
External Ontologies
Domain Ontologies (OWL)
XML Document Instances Generated Ontologies (RDF)
XML Schema Metamodel XML Schema MetamodelOntology
map
⊑
instanceOf
instanceOf
map
[XSLT]
map
[XSLT]
instanceOf
Domain Ontologies (RDF)
instanceOf
3
Generated Ontologies (OWL)XML Schemas
External Ontologies
Domain Ontologies (OWL)
XML Document Instances Generated Ontologies (RDF)
XML Schema Metamodel XML Schema MetamodelOntology
map
⊑
instanceOf
instanceOf
map
[XSLT]
map
[XSLT]
instanceOf
Domain Ontologies (RDF)
instanceOf
4
Variable: Age
5
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
Variable: Age
XML
6
element
type
"VariableType"
name
"Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
XMLXML Schema
7
element
type
"VariableType"
name
"Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
XMLXML Schema
8
Variable-Element…
type
"VariableType"
name
"Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
Element
⊑
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
9
Variable-Element…
type
"VariableType"
name
"Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
10
Variable-Element…
type
"VariableType" "Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
name_Element_String
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
11
Variable-Element…
type
"VariableType" "Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
name_Element_String
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
12
Variable-Element…
type
"VariableType" "Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
name_Element_String
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
13
Variable-Element…
"VariableType" "Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
name_Element_Stringtype_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
14
Variable-Element…
"VariableType" "Variable"complexType
name
"VariableType"
complexContent
extension
sequence
element
ref
"VariableName"
element
name
"VariableName"
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
name_Element_Stringtype_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDFDDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
15
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
complexContent
extension
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
16
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
complexContent
extension
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
"VariableType"
name_ComplexType_String
ComplexType
⊑
17
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
complexContent
extension
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
18
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
extension
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
19
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
extension
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
20
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
21
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
sequence
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
22
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
23
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
element element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
24
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
25
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref
26
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref_Element_Element
27
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… element
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
"VariableName"
name
"VariableName"
ref_Element_Element
28
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
name
"VariableName"
29
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
name
"VariableName"
30
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
Element
⊑
name
"VariableName"
31
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
Element
⊑
name
"VariableName"
32
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
"VariableName"
Element
name_Element_String
⊑
33
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
34
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable
VariableName
"Age"
DDI 3.1 - XML | RDF
type_Element_Type
DDI 3.1 - XML Schema | Ontology
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
35
Generated Ontologies (OWL)XML Schemas
External Ontologies
Domain Ontologies (OWL)
XML Document Instances Generated Ontologies (RDF)
XML Schema Metamodel XML Schema MetamodelOntology
map
⊑
instanceOf
instanceOf
map
[XSLT]
map
[XSLT]
instanceOf
Domain Ontologies (RDF)
instanceOf
36
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
"Age"
"Age?"
37
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
"Age"
"Age?"
38
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDFa type_Element_Type b
contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
39
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
contains_ComplexContent_Extension
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
a type_Element_Type b
40
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
contains_Extension_Sequence
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
d
a type_Element_Type b
41
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
contains_Sequence_Element
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
d
e
a type_Element_Type b
42
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
ref_Element_Element
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
43
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
44
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
value_Element_String
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
45
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
g value_Element_String h
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
h
46
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
h
a hasVariableName h
g value_Element_String h
47
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
h
a hasVariableName h
g value_Element_String h
--> Variable-Age hasVariabeName "Age"
48
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
g value_Element_String h
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
h
a hasVariableName h
Variable
Variable ( a )
49
DDI 3.1 Ontology
Variable-Element…VariableType-Type…
ComplexContent…
Extension…
Sequence…
VariableName-Element-Reference… VariableName-Element…
Variable-Age
"Age"
DDI 3.1 RDF
b contains_ComplexType_ComplexContent c
c contains_ComplexContent_Extension d
d contains_Extension_Sequence e
e contains_Sequence_Element f
f ref_Element_Element g
String-Type…
g value_Element_String h
ab
c
d
e
f
a type_Element_Type b
g
VariableName-Element… ( g )
h
a hasVariableName h
Variable
Variable ( a )
--> Variable ( Variable-Age )
50
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
"Age"
"Age?"
51
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
Age
Age?
52
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
Age
Age?
53
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
Age
Age?
54
Variable
Question
DDI Ontology
hasQuestionText
hasVariableName
resultsInVariableVariable-Age
Question-Age
Age
Age?
55
Generated Ontologies (OWL)XML Schemas
External Ontologies
Domain Ontologies (OWL)
XML Document Instances Generated Ontologies (RDF)
XML Schema Metamodel XML Schema MetamodelOntology
map
⊑
instanceOf
instanceOf
map
[XSLT]
map
[XSLT]
instanceOf
Domain Ontologies (RDF)
instanceOf
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