Welcome

Namaste

A study on

Rural Road Development & Maintenance

Management in Nepal

• Bhim P. Upadhyaya, DDG, DoLIDAR/MLD

• Devendra Karki, SE, DoR/MoPPW

• Mukunda Raj Prakash Ghimire, JS, MoST

• Prem Kumar Shahi, DIG, APF

• Rudra P Paudel, JS, MoHA

• Shreedhar Sapkota, Joint Government Attorney,

Office of Attorney General

Content of PresentationContent of Presentation1. Preliminaries & Objectives of the Study

2. Introduction & Methodology

3. Organizations Visit and Policy Documents’ Study, Status and Review

4. Field Visits, Data Collection and Analysis4. Field Visits, Data Collection and Analysis

5. Strategic Issues Identification & Environmental Scanning

6. Strategic Recommendations & Implementation Plan: Policy, Organization and Human Resources

7. Conclusions

8. Appendices

Preliminaries Preliminaries Introduction, Methodology & Introduction, Methodology & Objectives of the StudyObjectives of the Study

Shreedhar Sapkota

Study on policy implementation towards rural road development and maintenance.

status of the

Objective of the study

How is this managed?

status of the rural road

maintenance system

the network maintained & Improved

Study Methodology & processStudy Methodology & process

Methodology

� Primary and Secondary Data Collection

� Visit to the relevant Organizations: NPC,

Process

� Review of the Policy Documents on Rural Road

Analysis of data, maps, Organizations: NPC, RoD, DoLIDAR, DTOs-Ilam, Jhapa, Lalitpur

� Interaction with the Officials

� Presentation from officials

� Analysis of data, maps, SWOT analysis etc.

� Strategic Issues Identified,

� Report Writing

Limitation of the studyLimitation of the study

�Time and location,

�Limitation on review of different infrastructure policies

�Highly focused on Local Infrastructure Policy 2061

�not consider other rural roads: RoD, irrigation, VDC, others

Organizations Visit and Policy Organizations Visit and Policy Documents’ Study, Status and ReviewDocuments’ Study, Status and Review

Rudra Prasad Rudra Prasad Poudel

Policy Documents ReviewedPolicy Documents Reviewed

1. Nepal Road Statistics 2010 (DoR)

2. Local Infrastructure Development Policy (LIDP)

3. Strategic Action Plan for Local Infra. Dev.

4. National Rural Road Maintenance Plan DoLIDAR

5. Rural Road Maintenance Directive, DoLIDAR5. Rural Road Maintenance Directive, DoLIDAR

6. 20 Year Agricultural Perspective Plan

7. Rural Road Vision 2025 India

8. Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana India- A Briefing Paper

9. Rural Road Maintenance ILO report 2007

10. Yearly District Development Plans of DDCs

Rural Road Development Rural Road Development AgenciesAgencies

1. DoR

2. DoLIDAR

3. DDCs(DTOs)

4. Department of Irrigation for Canal Roads4. Department of Irrigation for Canal Roads

5. National Planning Commission

6. Ministry of Local Development

7. Bi- & Multinational Donor/Lending Agencies

Stakeholder Organizations Stakeholder Organizations VisitedVisited

1. National Planning Commission( NPC)

2. Department of Roads (DoR)

3. Dept of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads(DoLIDAR)and Agricultural Roads(DoLIDAR)

4. District Technical Office, Lalitpur( DTOL)

5. District Technical Office, Ilam( DTOI)

6. District Technical Office, Ilam( DTOJ)

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Field Visits, Data Collection, Field Visits, Data Collection, Analysis & FindingsAnalysis & Findings

Bhim Upadhyaya

Exponential Budget increase. The 70 % of total budget is for Local

Infrastructure, and 70 % of this for Rural Roads

Local Dev InvestmentYear Between Expenditure Rs Crore

038/39- 039/40 61040/41- 044/45 170045/46-049/50 230050/51- 054/55 1417

17

050/51- 054/55 1417

055/56- 059/60 2116

060/61- 063/64 3040

064/65-066/67 7300

067/068 budget* 4100

Total 1, 87,40

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8f]ln8f/sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfDoLIDAR STRUCTURE

Rural/Agri Roads SectionSDE 1

Engineer 2

Suspension Bridge SectionSDE 1

Engineer 4

Rural/Agri Roads DivisionDDG

Account SectionAccount Officer 1

General Admin SectionSenior Admin Officer

Section Officer 1Law Officer 1

DIRECTOR GENERALGaz Idxflgb]{zs

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Planning & Donor CoordinationSection

SDE 1 Engineer 2Agri Economist 1

Monotoring,Environment &Technology Promotion Section

SDE 1 Engineer 2,Social Scientist 1

Planning,Monotoring & DonorCoordination Division

DDG

Rural Drinking water andSanitation & Building Section

SDE 1 Engineer 2

Irrigation River control andOther Infras SectionSDE 1 Engineer 2,

Agri Engineer 1

Other Infras Development DivisionDDG

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Road Accessibility

Accessibility Status 1,2,3,4 hrs

�1 hr

�2 hr

�3 hr

�4 hr�4 hr

Lalitpur Road Access

Total Rural Road 560 km;

Popn 3.4 Lakh; 385 Sqkm

Ilam Road AccessTotal Rural Road 1270 km;

Popn 3 Lakh; Area 1703 Sqkm

Jhapa Road AccessTotal Rural Road 1470 km;

Popn 6.4 Lakh; Area 1606 Sqkm

Roads and Poverty

Strategic Issues Identification Strategic Issues Identification & Environmental Scanning& Environmental Scanning

Mukunda Raj Prakash Ghimire

Environmental ScanningStrength Weakness

•Adequate Laws and

Policies

•Budget allocation

increasing exponentially

• Multiple technical

organizations

•Contradictory and mutually nullifying policies

•Inadequate budget allocation for ever

increasing projects

• Untargeted development of network funded

by local resources

•Un-integrated development of road

•Inadequate capacity of Local body

•Non-compliance of DTMPorganizations

•Local bodies

•Political participation

•Competent Human

resources

•Regular enrichment of

human resources•Beginning of ICT use

•Sector-wide development

Approach begun

•Non-compliance of DTMP

•Political highhandedness in selection of road

alignment

•Understaffing of technical officials

• Lack of competence building contractors,

•Donor driven policies

•Lack of career development opportunity

• Lack of ICT manpower for effective e-

government

•Lack of Emphasis in Maintenance of road .

Environmental ScanningOpportunity Threat

•Rural Road at the

top priorities in the

peoples need.

•Donors’ priorities

•Insecure feeling in the staff

•Lack of policy in attracting competent

professional to work at the remote

areas

•Environment degradation due to

haphazard development of rural roads•Donors’ priorities

and attraction in the

rural infrastructure

sectors

•Active participation

and contribution of

local community

haphazard development of rural roads

•Political interference in budget

allocation to the local roads

•Lack of emphasis in maintaining rural

roads from the local politicians

•Lack of ownership feeling in rural

roads

•Quasi contractor-ship in the name of

users committee

•Competing multiple organizations

Strategic Issues IdentifiedStrategic Issues Identified

1. How to Optimally Develop Rural Road Network?

2. How to ensure proper rural roads maintenance Management ?

3. How to ensure providing transport service Delivery on the Roads?

3. How to ensure providing transport service Delivery on the Roads?

4. How to Appropriately re-organize Organizational System for effective management of Roads?

5. How to Reinforce the organizations with adequate and competent Human Resources?

Rural Road Density

Area sq

km

VDC

No. +

Muni

cipali

ty

Rural Road

length km

Populatio

n million

Rural

Road

density

per 1

Lakh

Rural

Road

density

km per

100

sqkm

APP

target

km

per

100 sq

km

Nepal 147,181 3915 40,000(+100 280 34.0 27 11Nepal 147,181 3915 40,000(+100

00=50,000

SRN)

280

lakh

34.0 27 11

Lalitpur 385 41+1 560 3.4 lakh 113.2 145.5 23

Ilam 1703 48+1 1270 3 lakh 423.3 74.5 11

Jhapa 1606 47+3 1490 6.9

lakh

216.0 92.8 23

Road Network Development Road Network Development IndicatorsIndicators

1. Road per 100 sq.km Land Area (APP)Terai 23 from 13km; Hill 11 from 6km; Mountain 4 from 1km)

2. Road Indicator- Road per 10 Lakh population( Accessibility quality)

Higher the Road density, higher the affluence

Road Head Access by walking time( LID Policy)3. Road Head Access by walking time( LID Policy)2 hr for Terai; 4 hrs for Hill & Mountain

4. Road Access to Cluster of human settlement( India’s policy)

Paved Road for population threshold- all weather for all settlement cluster >500 population

5. Economy: Road cost per capita ( World Banks feasibility for rural road in Nepal, RAIDP)< $100 per capita cost is feasible for IRR.

Strategic Recommendations & Strategic Recommendations & Implementation PlanImplementation Plan

Devendra Karki

Strategic

Issues

How to address? Responsi

bility

Time

Frame1

. O

pti

miz

ati

on

of

rura

l r

oa

d

•Review of LID Policy GoN, MLD,

DoLIDAR

3 months

•Formulation of separate Rural Road

Policy on sector-wide approach

MLD,

DoLIDAR

1 year

•New DTMP focusing cluster

approach >1500 -1000-500

population criteria and all weather

DDCs, DTOs 6 months

1.

Op

tim

iza

tio

n o

f ru

ral r

oa

d

ne

two

rk

population criteria and all weather

access

•New Dedicated Rural Road Office in all

districts

MLD,DDC 6 months

• Separate Road building and Maintenance

Sections under the new office

MLD,DDC 6 months

•Separate Bridge Directorate under DoLIDAR GoN, MLD 6 months

•Adequate permanent technical officials

staffing @ 1 Er, 2 sub-Er per 4 crore budget

work load in all districts

MLD, MoGA 1 year

Strategic

Issues

How to address? Respon

sibility

Time

Frame2

. M

ain

ten

an

ce S

tra

teg

y f

or

Ru

ral

Ro

ad

Ma

inte

na

nce

fo

r

be

tte

r se

rvic

e D

eli

ve

ry

•Review of LID Policy GoN, MLD,

DoLIDAR

3 months

•Formulation of separate Rural Road

Policy with emphasis on maintenance

MLD,

DoLIDAR

1 year

•Maintenance Plan in the New DTMP focusing

cluster approach >1500-1000-500 population

criteria and all weather access

DDCs,

DTOs

6 months

•Maintenance section under New MLD,DDC 6 months

2.

Ma

inte

na

nce

Str

ate

gy

fo

r

Ru

ral

Ro

ad

Ma

inte

na

nce

fo

r

be

tte

r se

rvic

e D

eli

ve

ry

•Maintenance section under New

Dedicated Rural Road Office

MLD,DDC 6 months

•Handing over provision of built road

from building section to maintenance

section regular basis

DDCs Within 3 mths of

setting up of

new road offices

•Separate Rural Road Budget line in Red

Book of MoF under MLD

MLD, MoF From the next

fiscal year

•Adequate separate staffing for regular

maintenance management @ 1 Er ,2

SubEr for 100 km of rural roads

MLD,

MoGA

1 year

Fikkal Shriantu Rural Road, Ilam

Domukha Road, Jhapa

Satashi Bridge Pier Failure across Dudhe –

Birpur-Bagahachaudhari , Jhapa

Surunga - Saranamati –Tagandubba-Digalbank,

Jhapa

Conclusion & AppendicesConclusion & Appendices

Prem Kumar Shahi

ConclusionsConclusions1. Total length of rural roads density exceeds minimum

requirement to provide access to rural Nepal wherever the network exist.

2. Development of Road network is imbalanced between districts, regions, ecological zones

3. More than 40,000 km of rural road network are constructed which itself is a huge asset and investmentwhich itself is a huge asset and investment

4. But effectiveness of rural road services due to disrepair deterioration, need protection & maintenance

5. Huge fund required for maintenance and up-keeping of the constructed roads and ensuring adequate fund is the main challenge.

6. Development of new road network at the cost of maintenance get priority over maintenance of rural roads.

7. Rural road development has also negative impact on environment through landslide, erosion, pollution etc which

need attention.8. Adequate number of qualified, experienced technical human

resources is the basis of quality works which is lacking 9. Without quality works no roads can provide reliable,

sustainable and enduring services.10. Opening of new roads is given highest priorities but provided

public transport services is not sufficient.public transport services is not sufficient.11. How to provide public transport services is the challenge.12. Providing 2/4 hrs accessibility can not address the rural

access services, For there must be a regular public transport facilities.

13. Providing all weather roads to the cluster of human settlement should be made the prime policy in Nepal. Settlement with more than 1500 -1000-500 population should be covered in the first phase and rest in the second phase.

14. Dedicated Rural road professional /government offices should be set up immediately to develop and manage rural road with enforcement rights.

15. Workload versus man power availability norms should be established with adequate monitoring and supervision logistic facilities.

16. One Engineer +Two Sub-Engineers should be made responsible for workload of maximum Rs 4 Crore/100 kmsresponsible for workload of maximum Rs 4 Crore/100 kms

17. All the district should reformulate District Transport Master Plans in accordance with the recommendation.

18. The master plan must have the information of all the settlement clusters. Those links which connect having more than 1500-1000-500 populations will be put in the top priority list.

19. Nepal Government should reformulate Rural Road Development Policy addressing the recommendation herein

20 year Agricultural Perspective Plan and Rural Road Density

Terai :13 to 23

km/100 sqkm

Hill: 6 to 11

km/100 sqkm

Mountain: 1 to

4km/100 sqkm

Nepal: 6 to

11km/100

sqkm

2054 to 2074

Agricultural Perspective Plan and Rural Road Length

Terai 3,400km, Hill 1950km, Mountain 850km.

Total 6,200km

SEDP Training Snaps

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