13/12/2010
1
A Synergistic Approach to improve Multibeam Backscatter Classification Methods for
Geological/Habitat Mapping
Hydro 2010 ConferenceRostock, Warnemunde, Germany
November 4, 2010
Craig J. Brown1, Stephen Smyth1 , Arnold Furlong1, Glen King3, Gerard Costello3, Patrick Potter4 , Jeffrey S Melton5
1 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS2 ODIM Brooke Ocean-part of the Rolls-Royce Group, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. p y p, ,
3 Canadian Hydrographic Service, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS 4 Natural Resources Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS
5 3E Consulting LLC, Dover, United States of America
Overview
Drivers for effective marine management programs
Challenges in Marine Habitat Spatial Mapping
The benefits of backscatter – new tools
Proof of Concept – Bay of Fundy
Issues with multi-source MBES data sets
Preliminary Results
13/12/2010
2
Population Density
40% within 100km of coastline
6km 10kmApplications of MBES data
ScotlandLophelia reef
Navigation Geology Biology
Lophelia pertusa?
13/12/2010
3
Terrestrial spatial data Marine spatial data –BENTHOSCAPE…?
Remote sensing for ecological study (spatial ecology – a landscape-scale approach)
• Identification of spatial patterns in species, community and habitat distributions
• Estimation of habitat coverage, frequency, fragmentation, human impacts
• Identification of priority habitats
• Identify and establish protected areas
• Monitoring change
Example from the NI countryside survey
Remote sensing for ecological study:THE BENTHOSCAPE APPROACH
13/12/2010
4
Geocoder analysis of MBES BackscatterCorrected for Radiometric and Geometric Distortions
CorrectedBackscatter (half) Swath
1) Mapping and Mosaicking
Backscatter (half) Swath
2) Seafloor Characterization -ARA AnalysisFonseca, 2006 Backscatter workshop
Bay of Fundy
Brown et al. (2010). Advances in seafloor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination. CARIS 13th International User Group Conference, Miami, Florida, USA. March 22-25, 2010
13/12/2010
5
Bay of Fundy
Brown et al. (2010). Advances in seafloor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination. CARIS 13th International User Group Conference, Miami, Florida, USA. March 22-25, 2010
Bay of Fundy
Brown et al. (2010). Advances in seafloor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination. CARIS 13th International User Group Conference, Miami, Florida, USA. March 22-25, 2010
13/12/2010
6
Bay of Fundy
Dealing with multisource MBES backscatter data sets?
Objectives
Use Bedford Basin patch test multibeam data spanning several years with p p g yFFCPT in-situ sediment data and sediment grain size (grab) sample data to compare and calibrate Angular Range Analysis performed by Geocoder
Investigate the effect of MBES data acquisition parameters (e.g. Pulse length, gain settings, mode of operation, etc) on seafloor feature recognition
Test Geocoder performance analysis/classification between data sets collected at selected small-area case study sites
Compare the results against other processing methods
13/12/2010
7
Study sites
Multiple MBES Data – Bedford Basin, Halifax
13/12/2010
8
Moving Vessel ProfilerMoving Vessel Profiler
Moving Vessel Profiler (MVP) – capable of deploying a variety of payloads
Payloads
Typical baseline sensor Speed of Sound Temperature and Pressure or Typical baseline sensor – Speed of Sound,Temperature and Pressure, or Conductivity Temperature and Pressure (CTD)
Additional scientific sensors can be added, fluorometer, plankton, optical backscatter, pH, ...
Alternatively the Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT) can be deployed
Other tools and instruments in development – samplers cameras (still andOther tools and instruments in development samplers, cameras (still and video), ...
13/12/2010
9
Moving Vessel Profiler (MVP) Mode of Operation
Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT)
13/12/2010
10
CCGS MATTHEW with an MVP and Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT) installed
Sensors Measured (Calculated) Values Empirical Value
Acceleration Penetration resistance
Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT)
(±5g, ±25g, ±100g)
(Undrained Shear strength)
Grain SizeCharacteristics
Pressure(nose and tail)
Pore & hydrostatic pressures(Undrained Shear strength)
OpticalSensor
Mud line detection
Sound Velocity and Pressure
Water column sound speed
13/12/2010
11
Underway Free Fall Cone Penetrometer data collection allows groundtruth of
multisource MBES backscatter data sets
Use Bedford Basin patch test multibeam data spanning p p gseveral years with FFCPT in-situ sediment data and sediment grain size (grab) sample data to compare and calibrate Angular Range Analysis performed by Geocoder
FFCPT penetration depth data has been processed using the probe dynamics analysis software and is presented in the following graphic
Compare the results against other processing methods yet to be completed
Preliminary Results
13/12/2010
12
GISSlope
Aspect
Oth
Caris software
Bathymetry
Geocoder applications: Navigation, Geology, and Habitat
Chart production(Caris HPD)
Electronic chartsS-57 Nature of the Bottom
Other…
Grain size
Impedance
Roughness
MBES data
Bathymetry
Backscatter(Geocoder
tools)
S fi i l di t
Validation
(SBDARE)
Paper chartsNature of the seabed
information
Raster charts
Surficial sediments
FFCPT (geotechnical)
Ground-truthing data
Geological data Add coring....
GISSlope
Aspect
Oth
Caris software
Bathymetry
Geocoder applications: Navigation, Geology, and Habitat
Geological Maps
Surficial geologyFacilitate interpretation of data for:Other…
Grainsize
Impedance
Roughness
MBES data
Bathymetry
Backscatter(Geocoder
tools)
Validation
for:• Mapping surficial sediment
and bedforms
• Understanding geological/hydrological processes
• Etc…
Validation
S fi i l di tSurficial sediments
FFCPT (geotechnical)
Ground-truthing data
Geological data
Other Geophysical data setse.g. Sidescan sonarSub-bottom seismic
etc…
13/12/2010
13
GISSlope
Aspect
Oth
Caris software
Bathymetry
Map outputs
Benthoscape
Segmentation
U i d
Signature development
Geocoder applications: Navigation, Geology, and Habitat
Other…
Grainsize
Impedance
Roughness
MBES data
Bathymetry
Backscatter(Geocoder
tools)
Habitat suitability modellingValidation
ENFA (species)
Benthoscape map
Species specific habitat
maps
“Sensitivity” maps
(based on traits of indicator species)
Unsupervised classification
Supervised classification
Validation
S fi i l di t
Ground-truthing data
Geological dataCommunity analysis
Traits analysis
Single speciesBiological data
( p )
ENFA (traits)
Validation
indicator species)
Validation
Surficial sediments
FFCPT (geotechnical)
Future work
• Compare Geocoder backscatter mosaics (absolute dB values) and ARA outputs between MBES systems/platforms/years
• Collection of sediment grab samples from the patch test and case study• Collection of sediment grab samples from the patch test and case study areas within Bedford Basin – compare with ARA outputs and FFCPT data sets
• Explore calibration options using the Geocoder tools (i.e. beam pattern corrections) to align ARA outputs between MBES systems
• Compare the effects of backscatter acquisition parameters on the Geocoder backscatter outputsp
• Devise a data acquisition and processing strategy to maximise the value of MBES backscatter data for multiple applications (chart production, geological mapping, biological/habitat mapping)
13/12/2010
14
Thank you!
Questions?Questions?
We thank: • The crew of the CCGS Matthew, CSL Plover, CSL Pipit; CHS and NRCan personnel involved in
MBES data acquisition and processing
• Natural Resources Canada for provision of sediment grain size data
• The support of the MVP/FFCPT team at ODIM Brooke Ocean – part of the Rolls-Royce Group
• For input and suggestions we thank: Stephen Smith, Peter Lawton, Ellen Kenchington and Alain Vezina (DFO); Stephen Parsons, Herman Varma, Mike Lamplugh, Chris LeBlanc (CHS)
This program of research is supported by the Ecosystem Research Initiative for the Gulf of Maine.