Actual English 2 - Actual English

8/12/2019 Actual English 2 - Actual English

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Actu al tn lish

3 I Wonderful World

Exciting news from around [he

world.

8 1 CADCET5

¿Technology fan? if ( h e : answer is y e so

you should check our momhly

sdection of cool gizmos.

26 I BIO:Marlon BrandoThe enigmatic. unpredictabJe, raspy-

voiced Marlon Brando change

american acting with his method

performances. inf luencing generarionsof actoes who followcd him.

02 I CD.ROMeontents

28 I F1 Drluer Fltness

34 I Musle Reulew

38 I Enllllsh Tlps & T~leks

42 I 5torytelllng

48 I Trlula: l05T

Con ten ts10 I Are your digital secrets for sale?

Vulnerabilities in lhe computer age have been exposed by stolen laptops.

bungled digilal record.kccping and omer data breaches mal exposcd rens of lhousands of people to idenlity mefl. BUIlhe discovety of hard drives in

Nigeria shows me poremial for more widespread IhrealS...

16 I David Lynch

20 I Fashion: Piece CorpsTunics, turdenecks, leggings, gloves ... This season's arry pile-up of chunky

knits and innovative proponions proves rhar, when ir comes [Q layering, less

isn't more.

22 I A different side of Venetian artTranquil scenes along [he Grand Canal, [he architectural grandeur of Sr.

Mark's Square and extraordinary light ofVenice, I[aly. have emhralled visicocs

and anists alike clow n through the centuries, especially in Renaissance times ..

30 I City guide: AmsterdamAmsterdam has long been a favorite pon of emry for Americans into Europe:

English is spaken mast cveryv.'here, there's no shartage of things to look at, we

like tu/ips and gables. and lhe beer is good.



2 Actual En lish SSc,02

CD-ROM Conten~ts

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The CD ••Iso hdps fcadcfs .mprovc thdr

pronunciarion, bt:causc it conrains till' anides

in audio form.at.

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FuU uocabuLar~v& TransLationsOn Ihe main meen af Ihe CD-ROM yau 'l I

find a l ink lo a PDF file Ihal conlain,

de!inilian, and Itan,lat ian, o! all Ihe

articles.

We 3150 indudt:d a sclcclion of dictionaries and

rranslarors fur your \X'indows pe. Y O l! can

install rhcm dirccrly from riJo CD-ROM.

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Complehension and Grammar .•.•.•

hU," t""bLoi"l<, wi(h rlll' n'.(I1\ .",I •• bl c,o •.• ••,"< 1$ /rom

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Ir has differem typcs of activiries. fmm dassit: Illulriple-choicc ami

rrw:-or-f.1Isc exercises ro [un wordsearchcs.

Actiuities

InterfaceOur interactivc CD-ROM incluJes aJdiriollal tcaching material for

cach anide, which allows rcadcrs ro (est Ihe cOlllprchens'ion levt:l

they have achievcd wirh rhe rcxrs.

Ti tu lO: "AREYOUf. DIGITALSECl l.m FOR SAlE?" NÚ~ 'fIl .OS ATRASADOS:Mhi(o: í l epresentadone-s Edi lOl '<1l esImemadoll d les SA de C V.T~ : 5~OO.. .4S1SICdad.l lt M, .x iCo) , fa . : ~35.0087" l .ma,l :[email protected] COll . DE>!.dl . 'el inlerlol ~,n COSIO:01.S0o-OOSS.BOO I Argentina: wij(l1elos a lU (an,1I11a.pjdaios al (0111 411o-87C() de 10 a 13 y de 14 a 18, o emib.: ! a iel lort 'IC,eduse.I.(Om t Re s to d e

Lal inoam~rica : em,ba a l e(l orelw! 'dul eu ,com I C[>.f lQMs.;l os CD.RQMI inclu idol en es ' t a p t l bl l cac iOn a t la ,üsan Url eSlrIc to cont rol de ca l rdad . A~nal ~ .H e .p tr i rNotan problemal en ' \U a l ineac ióny no permi lr r1 la ooueda l e¡ lur , l de l:J 5 (Ds, Si eSle el !~calo. per la'lOl Clmur,'ql lf!Se con nOWlIflS a los te1efonos y d,'p(ciones qJe figuran arrih~ I 'JISTRIBUIDORES:Arge'l t ína: C~~lal : vaCCd'o Sarl(hel j'

Cia. S A., MorerlO 794 p,sc 9 (10910, Coud; ,,1de BuenDI Air~; Inleroor: ~SA" l i te LUiSSáenz Perw 1836, ClUlloldce BlIenos M~, I

Méxiro: (lTEM S,A, de LV, A~ . del ( i sto No. 101 : 01 XocoYJhu~l coTialnepantla, ESla:!o de Me~t<o.l Peru: Distribuidora Bol ',ariana A~. Republ C o l de F~ l \ ilm~ , 363 ' .3637, San Is idro l rma IUruguiJ¡I:Espert S,R.l . Ciudack>la 1416, Monteo.ideo. I C!lile: Distribuidora '11a [);rectaSAl liQI .elme N" a40, ~nl i ago , ! !? l.688,7383 IBohvia :Agt ' ll oa M~rna . tCId. ,General Adt ¡; HH32.C C, 462. (o(habamb.: ! !eI : 005914.422-1414.1 Vl " t 'e rue la : Dí l tr ibu;dua ConMerr ta ' 810que deA 'mas.

Edificio 8(GCI;JEce Am 1,¡\ PISOgo, A•. San M ar\ ln, cruce ron fina' A. la P o lo ', Car3Cas .j P~d9uay; se~ci: :l l le SAC. (orooel Grac ia 22S, AwndOn.1 Mas l as marcas 1 foff ' I(J ( /Iadas son pl "opIl 'dad de sus r~ . pe <t i'lo s du eii os . l'Il pI "e so en I(( )H orP Ie l!. I CCPlTighl O [)( - MMV II O~a9d S.A, CIudad de !Iuenos Aires, ,l .rgenhr'a.1 E-l 'NIII:a<tuahmgllshOrfflusl"n.(om. 1Hecho el ,IepOSlIClqiJl" nalca la ~~.IEsla

P\ lt J jj cac: i6rIno ~ ser r l'p fodl . lc ida , n i en l odClni en Jdne . n i reg ,Wal !a en Cl l fan~m l«l a por un I lS lerna ¡jp fl"(Opefaci6n di! ,nfamación, en n'ngtJJa loona ni por nirgll fl ffiE'Ó¡Q.sea mt<.lnlCo, fotoqu,mo.c o . e!l"ruOnl(o, m iqlP.1ico. e1l>ctroOplJW. po r fO IO Co pla~ w alq ule r Olr o, s ir ~1 ~I1 IlI O p¡e Vl o ~ por es cri to ae l.'~ la cas a ed !~( )¡¡ a1 .te: 20 07 " Me . (la lC t, - Tn bu l'll' I rrf oo na tio r Se rv, c~Ar~ \'O'oJrd ig i t. ; l seae ts 101s .a l e ll l a l "d . ' B \ . Ienos¡ li re ,: Dal aga, 2007 ~ . 2 , AS p , 2o~2S en . (ActUdl E~ isn) l l SSN 978-987.2]570-7-7 ¡ 1. ¡momáIKa, I ( 00 O O SJ



3

triangle, you \Vere insulting God

and corning under Satan's rule.

Oon't let a black cat cross your path:

A black cm passing in front of )'ou

meens bad luck is on the horizon.

Howcver, in Britain and Japan, itlscomidered good luck.

Openíng an umbrella indoors: You

sho,t1d oever open an umbrella

indoors or bad ¡uck will befall ever-

rone insidc. Ir's said this supersli-

tion srems from5 when umbrellas

served as sunshaJes. Opening rhe

umbrella insidc \Vas viewed as an

insult ro rhe sun. I Kllrakr Mi/In

Many people are super.titious of Friday the 13th,

tering your fate3, The heS[ is ro bury

all the broken piCCl'"underground,

Walking under a Iadder: Pedestrians

avoid ¡oomingO Iadders because

they don't want ro invite bad luck

imo their lives. Onc origin of thissuperstition dates to medieval times,

when a lcaning IadJer was seen tú

re~cmble a structllrc uscJ to hang

criminals. \X.'alking undcrncath ene

was like acting out your own execu-

tion. Far others, the triangular

shape creared b)' a leaning ladder

againsr a wall s)'mbolized the Holy

Triniry, 11'you passed ,hrough the

VOc:ABULj\RX . ...

O f a II the luck

ARE YOU SUI'ERSTITIOUS? DO YOU

have f.lirh i n l u cky l1umber 7 Of

l1Jng [¡glu ro a lucky rabbir's bor?Even if YOll don'( adhere ro ócsc

supersridol1s, Y0l! l ikc ly have h< :a rJ

0 1 ' ,hem,

So, c:xacdy what are supcrsririons?

Merriam-Wehster provides a hJnd-

fid 01 ' deflnitíons, including "", fcar

of rhe unknowIl, trust in magi:: oc

chance" ano "a notion mainrained

despirc cvidence [O m e contrae}'."

The numher 13:' In Roman times,

13 hec."ne linked !O bad omens',

partÍCularly rhose rhat brought

dea,h, Witches reportedly garhaed

in groups 01' 12: the 13th place W:L'

for the devi!. In the biblical world

13 was deemed bad becaus<, 01'

Jndas, ,he 13,h gues' ar rhe I.'St

Supper. He wenr on ro herray Jesus.

Friday ami ,he number 13 used lO

be associated wirh capital pllnis-

hment. In British "adirion, Friday

\vas rhe da)' f(>r pllblie hangings,

and suppo.sedly rhere wece 13 ~lCPS

Icading IIp ro rhe noose2•

Breaking a mirrar: In ancicnr

mytholob,)', mirrors \vere bdicved lO

hold the key ro one' s furure, S ,) 10

have OIlC break \Vas vicwcd a.'l shat-

WE TRACE THE ROOTS 01' SOME COMMON SUPERSTITIONS

News ~ C~ C~ _ = NG _,,~ _ o ' , _ , IN TE RM E DIA TE I U PP ER IN TE RM E DIA TE

1 bad omen(s): sorncth.ng rhar is l"O:lsidcrcJ ro h e a h dd sign "fhow a fmure l'vcnt will take place 12 noose: oue enJ uf a mp" tied 10 torm

a cirdc whidl can he tightcI1Cll wllnd .~I~T1cdling~uch as a pcnon's llcck IU h;llig (= kilI) thtm I3 shatter(ing) your fate: (rlguralivdy) 10

Je~tr"r Ilr break yuur fal!: ur ¡¡l1ure into \"lry ~rnJ.llpil'Ct'S14looming: (uf an nhjccI. c:.g.a laJder) cominginto ••.i("\vindistinctly. oflen threateningly1 5 stem(s) from: 10 come fmm or n-igin;ltl' in



4

Y ou c an c al1 it " 5h op ta lk ," " Io ck er ro om b an te r,"

" ke ep in g in to uc h" o r "n etw ork in g." B ut th e t ru th

is men gossip just as much as women do.

MEt", SOMEONE NEEOS TO TELL YOU THIS, so rr MIGHT AS

well be me. You can deoy ir. You can caHir "shop ralk," "Ioc~ker room banter2," "keeping in rouch" or "net\vorking."

Bur rhe rfllrh is, you gossip jusr as much as women do. This

juicy tidbir3 comes courtesy of the Social lssues Research

C e ntr e ( SI RC ), a n on pr of i, , hi n k , an i< " in E n g la nd , w h ic h

recently inrerviewed 1,000 cell-phone users abour hoY.'rhey

D id y o u t lear?MEN GOSSIP' AS MUCH ASWOMEN,

ACCORDING TO STUDY.

u s e < he ir c el l ph o ne s f or go s si p a n d h "w g o ss ip a lf ec e s , he ir

I ¡v es . T h e s ru dy f ou nd , ha , 3 3 p e rc en t o f me n i nd ul ge b5

gossip every day or almoH every day, compared wirh 26 per-

cem of women. Ir qumed approvingly a definidon of gossip

a s " ch atty ,a lk a mo ng frie nd s," a nd a ls o " <h e pro ce ss o f

informally communicating value~laden6 informarion abour

members of a social serring." Other findings essential ro pass

on ro your 100 closesr friends: I) Ml:n are more like1y ro

gossip wirh work colleagues, love partners and female

friends; women prefer ro dish primarily \Virhfemale friends

and relarives. 2) Men gossip abour work, politics or other highbrow topie.••1less than 5 percem of [he time, unless

women are presentoThcn rhe proportion of maje conversa~

tion devoted ro sounding impressi\'c ¡nereases ro 15 or 20

pereem. 3) Meo spcod mueh more time than women ral~

king about themselves.1 Cail Rmmblum

Toothbrush trend"HERE'S A WAYTO HELP THE E\fVIRONMENT THAT YOU MAY NOT HAVE

CONSlDERED: USING A RECYCLED TOOTHBRUSH.

(UM, NOT THAT KIND OF RECYCLED ... EW!)

The Preserve Toothbrush, made by Recycl ine. i s crea:ed wi th recycled Stonyf ield Farms yogur t cups.

t hanks t o a pa r tne r sh ip c r ea t ed i n 2000. The b ru shes , wh i ch f i rs t wer e made i n 2001, have receni ly

be en ga in in g po pu la rit y. M os t re ce nt ly , th ey w er e se en in th e W ill Fe ne ll lil m "S tr an ge r th an F ic tio n" .

I I you ' re real ly curious aboJt the recycling process and how everything comes together 9, check ou t

th is ( long) page on Recycl ine 's s i te : http://www.recycline.com/environment/process.html.

But basical ly ,11you need to knolV is that they are made up 01 100 percent

recycled plast i, and 65 per teni 01 tha! ,omes f rom Stonyfield Farm cups.

Theya re 100 pe rcen i r ecyc lab le . You "il f ind t hem I rom $2 .79 t o

5 3 . 9 5 . 1 Kim ()s.\i

.T he P rese rv e T oo th bru sh , m ad e b y R ecy elin e is cre ated w ith rec yele d 5 to ny field F arm s y og urt c up s.

B y ineluding a p051age.paid return envelope, the c om pany encourages you to com plete the cyele

by mailing it back instead of tossing it, to be recyded ¡nl0 plastic lumber'o.

VOCABULARV--- - -- _ .. _----- - - -----

1 gossip: (v) [O talk ahnu[ other people's privalC' lives (n)a repon o( an intimare namre I 2 banter: conversation which is amwing and not

scrious I 3 tidbit: ;l slllall picce o( inlcrc~ting informatiotl I 4 think tank: an insritutc. corporation, or group orgar iud (or intcrdisciplinJ.rY

rcscarch (as in tcchnologic.tI and social p:ohlelns) 1 5 indulge in: roaUnw nncstlf ro follow onc's will (often followcd br in) 1 6 value-Iaden:

of high valuC' 1 7 highbrow topic(s): (of a wpic) involving S('riollSand complicatcd or artistic idc:tl. or (of pC'ople) inrere5ted in scrious and

complicated subjem I 8 trend: a cumnt stylC'ur prC'ferencC'1 9 how everything comes together: how the ;.lToduct is obtaincd 1 10

plastic lumber:.l cnmF()sile material molJe o( rccydcd plasric and wood waH(:s. Irs most widespread ue isin outdoor deck f1oors, but it is al'iO

u;ed for railings, fences, p.uk bcnchcs, window and dour frames, and inJoor furniture

http://www.recycline.com/environment/process.html.

http://www.recycline.com/environment/process.html.



, . • • • • •

FUNIBER Argentina informa que se encuentra abierta la inscripción a BECAS (ciclo 2007.2008)Masters y especializaciones con titulas de universidades españolas

Los cursos son desarrollados a distancia (sin clases presenciales)Cada alumno dispone de acceso a un campus virtual y recibe el material de estudio, en su domicilio

In s cr ip c ió n A b ier ta a pr og ram as d e P o st gr ad o

y Extensión Univers i tar ia

w w . fu n iber .~~ 9

llnln'nldlld

dI.' l .t 'ónlIlIl\t'r~ldutl

d (' Ja~n

lJnlwr,ldlld f:u,klllllcrrlko

dcll)lIí, \'III~CO Unlbl'rldllltl'll

Unlnnldlul

de \ '11:0





- : ó INTERMEDIATE I UPPER INTERMEDIATE 7

Y 1 - 1 - IIIOU lar, lar ...UNCONSCIOUS BODY LANGUAGE CAN BETRAY A PERSON GIVING

DECEPTIVE ANSWERS IN A POLYGRAPH TEST',

Electronic

¡nstrument

m e a s u r e s s e v e r a l

body functions that

are affected by

psychological stress

> Breathing

> Heartbeat

> Blood pressure

> Sweating

e 2 0 0 3 K R T

Sou r ce : ~Readin.9 P e o p l e : H o w 1 0

U n é e f ' S t a n d P e o p l e a n d P r e d l C t T h e i r 8 e h a v í o r , An yt im e, .A ny pl ac e," Ho w St uf f Wo rk s

POLYGRAPHEXA M I N ER

Throughout the

interview, the

examiner studies

the subject's

appearance,

mannerísms andbody language

Gr ap h ic : A d amC a l r o s , E l i z a b e t hC a r b v . T l ff a n y M e C u r 1 e y ,

a n d A a y m a n d o l ePOlndexter, Sun.St-ntinel

Crossing legs

Shifting in ehair

Leaning forward

Biting lips

' L i e d e te c t o r ' t a c t i c sScience Matters

Investigators giving a polygraph test observe the person's behavíor

and watch for tactics aímed at defeating the "líe detector,"

> Taking a seda ti ve befo re test lowers blood pressure and

e n h an ce s re la xat io n ; ma y re n d e r t e s t in co n c lu s ive

> Puttlng deodorant on fingertips keeps polygraph from

detectlng persplration, may conceal' sweatlng

> Hldlng a tack Inslde shoe and stepplng on It during test

increases anxiety, may make test inconcluslve

> Blting tongue or eheek during test causes pain,

Increases anxiety, may alter test results

Telltale' signs of deceptionPerson may do these unconsciously

1 polygraph test: ao instrumcnt [bu m couures and rccordj several physiological responses such as blood prc~ur<;pulse. rC'spiration and skin

conductivir)' while Ihe subject ¡s askcd and answcn a series of qUt"Hions 12 conceal: ro prevent .mmething fmm being seen or known aboue; to

h ide somcth ing 13 telltale: al10wing~ sccrc[ ro bccolne known



8

Gadgets D isney S Cel! Phone2

W ireless ph one s, l ike this LG D isney DM -L2 1O cel i pho ne, focu s

on t he " tween"2 s e t, t hose be tween 8 and 12 yea r s o ld .

(Abou t 1200 ) ht tp: / /disneym obile.go.com

K id-Tough

D igital Cam eraA tough , r ubbe r zed l she l l p r o t e et s t he f i s he r -P r i c e K id -

Tough D ig i ta l Cam e r a aga i n s t r epea ted d rops , wh i l e dua l

hand g r i p s4 and dua l eye vewe r s shou l d he l p even t ip sys

toddlers6 take a s teady shol . The cam era ine ludes a 1 .3-

inch color LCDscreen to v iew/de le te shot s . Resolut ion i s am odes t 640 -by -480 . (Abou t $70 ) www.f i sher -pr ice .com

http://disneymobile.go.com/

http://www.fisher-price.com/

http://www.fisher-price.com/

http://disneymobile.go.com/



lEVEL,: INTERMEDIATE I UPPER INTERMEDIATE

ELECTRONICS ANO TOY MANUFACTURERS CONTINUE THE

PUSH TO MAKE HIGH-TECH GIZMOS EASIER FOR YOUNG

'UNSl TO USE. CHECK SOME OF THEIR INVENTIONS. I B y Aamer Madhani

ZoomBox

Zoom box u , e , a ha l ogen bu lb7 to

p ro jec t a 60- inch (m ax) v ideo im a£e o n

a wa l l , w i t h t he con ten t com i ng I r om

either i ts bui l t - in D V D /C D p layer o r

I rom a conneC 1eddev i ce l ike a v ideo

gam e 5J ' , tem . I t ha , bu i l t -in , te reo

, peake r> , a headphone j a ck8 a n d a n

im age reso lu t ion 0 1 557 by 234 p i xe l "

( Ab o u t $ 2 5 0 ) www.hasb ro . com

The Samsung DVD ]R5am sung popped ' t he D V D J r .Th i , b a t te ry -powered , m ob i le

en te r ta i nm en t com pan ion l o r ch i l d r en p l a y , 3 - in ch D V D s on a

,uper -c1ear , 2 .5 - inch co lo r sc reen . You can record D V D Jr . m in i d iscs o n

your hom e D V D burner o r cam corder 10. Pre - recorded t i t les ( tha t a lso

p lay on any D VD deck ) w i ll be l o r th com i ng11 I rom the l ikes o lW arner

8 r a " , Pa ram oun t , Un i ve r sa l and H 80 .

( Ab o u t $ 1 5 0 ) ww w.sam sung . com

VOCABULARV - - - - - - --

1 young'un(s): ( informal) a youngoncj achitd 1 2 -tw•• n-: Pretecn.

a ch ild betwecn middle ch ildhood and adolescence:. general ly ln me age range

of 8 ro 12years old I 3 rubberlzed: trC:ltcd, coaced, oc impregnated with

rubber I 4 h an d grlp(s): a h an dl e, o r l he p a r t o f s o m et hi ng c ha t c an b e

held with the hand I 5 tlpsy: lndined [O rile oc tip I 6 toddler(s): a

rouog ch ild , e spe:c ial ly one: who is ¡ eaming or has rece:ndy (earned to wa1k

1 7 bulb: a rounded glass container with a th in thread of metal instde which

produces l ight wh~nan el~etriccurrent goes through i t 1 8 headphone

jad e: In ele crr on lcs , a jac k ls g~nerally a sock~r (femal~) conn~ctor. Aheadphone jack is one of che rnree standard s iz .es of jack. but me rerm could

tefer ro any socket used for th is purpose 19 pop(ped): edease suddenly I

10 camcorder: a ponable relevision ca:nera and vldeocassene recorder I

11 forthcomlng: happcning soon

http://www.hasbro.com/

http://www.samsung.com/

http://www.samsung.com/

http://www.hasbro.com/



...;10

, : - ~,. ,-- ~. : - .

Cover Sto ACTUAL ENGLlSH '- -.", _.- -' .-. .~

Workers in Lagos. Nigeria. unload a shipping

container of old (omputers and electronics from the

United States. The equipment will be stripped. then

destroyed. Security experts say the equipment is

al50 mined for personal information to use in

identity theft.

U.S. computers exponed as trash onen end up scar-

tered' across rhe landscape and leaking contaminanrs.

The worsening problem of digital dumps was a main

ropic when representatives from 120 coumries gathered

in Kenya in hopes of curbing' exploitative dumping.

Besides polluring the planer, there's something e1se ro

worry about: Unlesscompurer owners, businesses and

schools rake sreps ro remove informadon from rheir hard drives ro "wipe e1ean" the digitally encoded

dcviccs inside computers, informarion srored rhere can

come back to haunts.

Computer de.lers imerviewed in Lagos s.id that every

momh, they receive 500 or so shipping comainers

loaded with thous.nds of old monitors, compurers,

televisions .nd other e1ectronic gear. Some of it is

working and has value, bur most is quickly jUllked 6 or

stripped for pam.

omr.uter files on American studems

are privare and revealing. Sorne have

learning disabiIirics. Many scorcd low

on tests. One sufTered a brain injury as

a child, and another ran with gangs,

according ro California school records

rhat inelude names, birrh dates and family details.

More computer files, these frOln an elementary schoolin Virginia

l coorain whar a seruriry experr called "rhe

Holy Grail" for identiry thieves seeking ro score: teach-

ers' Social Securiry numbers2• addresses and phone

numbers. AH of [his scnsirive illfonnarion was discov~

ered in Nigeria.

1 discarded: thrown away beousc you no longc! wanl ir O! bcausc it is usclr:~ 1 2 Social Security number(s): in Ihr: Unitr:d States. a uni4

quc reference num~r assigned to each person wühin Ihe Social S«uriry system 1 3 scattered: covering a wide arca 1 4 cUrb(ing): ro comrol or

limit somelhing mal is nor desirable 1 S come back to haunt: 10cause rercared sutTering or anxiety 1 6 junk(ed): 10gel rid of somelhing becau-

se il is of no use or valuc 1 7 bungled: spoiled rhrough incompclrncc or dumsiness 1 8 breach(es): an act ofbreaking a law, promise, agreemrnt

or rdalionship 19 scam(s): a fraudulenr business scheme 110 outlaw(ing): 10 make (somelhing) iIItga.l111 unbeknown: Wilhoul a parti4

cular person knowing

- -



/ ' ,-

,

-¡ ¿- -' ,

". ~~} ", LEVELS: UPPER INTERMEDIATE I ADVANCED 11

A R E Y O U R

SALE?

Computer files fromamerican schools werediscovered in an unlikelyplace: on discarded'computers for sale inNigeria, a cyber-crimecapital of the world.

I By Bill Lambrecht

THE NIGERIA CASE

In recem months, Americans' vulnerahiliries

in the computer age have beeo exposed by

Slolen laptops. eBay-traded hard

drives. bungled 7 digital record-

keeping and other data breaehes.

that exposed rens of thousands of

people 10

idemiry thefeBU! the diseovery of hard d[ives in

Nigeria shows the potemia! for more

widespread threars.

This eoumry is known worldwide for com-

puter fraud. Many of the e-mails people

receive seeking business partners for recov-

ery of mysterious fonune,. known by

authorities as advanee-fee fraud sehemes.

originare rhere.

Over the years, Nigeria has perfeeted varí-ous "419 scams'''. named for the ponion

of the Nigerian criminal code ourlawing'O

sueh fraud.

Unheknown" to their former owners, tens

of thousands of discarded U,S. computers

get shipped there and other developing

narions each monrh. In an ongoing investi-

gation imo the fate of e1ectron;c waste. the

Se Louis Post-Dispatch bought severa! old

American computers rhar had been expon-

ed to the African country. Computer

experts in the United States later analyzed

rheir contents.

They contained sehool record;. private mes-



sages, photographs, financial information and omet

tevealing materials diseatded by people who were taken

aback 12 when latet told of me newspapet's findings.

Then mete a te me hatd dtives mat Americans have

not bometed to wipe clean. porential treasute-ttoves13

of data that citculate in the Nigerian undetworld.

In ies compurer matkets, dealers keep an eye out for

non-erasod hatd drives. testing them on computers

pow erod by porrable gen eraton. Those bulging wim

information14 can bring $50 or more, toughly the

price of a new , inexpensive drive.

You never know what you 're going ro f ind mere. A

yeat ago. me Basd Action Network, a nonptofit group

basod in Seattle, recorded asset tags of discarded com -

puters , printers and omer equipm ent ftom me Illinois

WHAT DO THIEVES LOOK FOR?

Old computers from tlle United State are sold in a

market in Lagos. Nigerla. Sorne stlll contain personal

information of the prevlous owner which can be

used in identity theft.

Departm ent of Transportation, the Illinols

Department of Publie Aid, me Illinois Department of

Employment and the Illinois State Police.

A young Nigerian compurer expert who frequents me

markers desctibed what happens: "They look especial-

Iy for your transactions and money records. They tey

to find names of your relatives, friends and your rela-tionships to help mem with their fraud."

M any A frieans kno,," w hat's going on, even if

Americans don't. Oladele Osibanjo is the regional

coordinaror fur me Basel Convention, a 14-year-old

global treary aimed at preventing shipments of haz-

atdous wastes ro countries ilI-equipped1S to handle

memo

Speaking in his office at me Universiry of Ibadan in

Nigeria, Osibanjo ca1led Am erican expores a "vicious

circle."

"The e-wasre you ate exporting is coming back tO you

in me form of cyber-crime," he said. "Maybe when

Americans realize what is happening, mey will be a lit-

tle more careful."

While privacy concerns h i t home to

the teachers , exper ts say the in forma-

t ion on the o ld dri\les poses a p rac t i -

cal dangeras well.

IdeQtitythieves sometim esdigdeeply

in to (omputers for va luab le in forma-

t ian , and sorne even dE"ploy th£ ' same

high-techsoftwareused by lorenslc

experts.Butalltheywouldhav,

neededto do with the old harddrlveis plug it ¡nto any personal (omputer

and look undera filemarked

"SS#.Ooc"or som ethingsimilar.

Ther. theywouldhave bEenable to

harvest Social Security numbers -akin

to goldforcomputercriminals- of

PollyMcAllist,rand the others ."Thal'sev erythingthey need to apply

forcredltcards or anythingelse.and

there's linle that couldbe done to

stop thern," said lay Foley,founderal

the Identitylheft ResourceCenter.anonprof it g roup based in San Diego.

Personaldetailso!herthan Social

Securi ty numbers and f inancial

records :.tre also pnzed I b y identity

thieves,saidToddStefan,a security

speciali'tal SetecInvestlgations.

based ir LosAngeles.one of two. compan.esthat analyzedhard drives

for the Post-Oispatch.

"1 1 Ihaveone bit ofyourinformation.

I c an m as qu era de a s s om eo ne w h o

knowsmore."he said. "Andthe next

thingyouknow,I'm inyourbank . , '~records ..

VOCABULARY- - -

12tak.n .b.ck: 'wprl.<,hnd discon",,,<d 113 t, ••• u•.•..úov.(.): • di=v<'}' nf g«.tvaJu< /14 bullll"ll wlth (Inform.tlon): RU«!

ro oo:rflowing. completdy fu U of (infomution) 115 III-equlpped: Jacking me abili()'. qualities or equipmenr ro do something 116 forensle

rdanng ro or daUng with me application of scienti6c knowlcdgc to legal probJems 1'7 prlzed: cons.idered valuable and impomnr 118 masque-rad. as Csom.onwsomethlng): te pretend or appear tO be someone or sometbing





In recent months, American's vulnerabili-

t ies in the computer age wil l be exposed

by stolen laptops, eBay-traded hard drives,

bung!ed digital record-keeping and anoth-

er data breaches who exposed tens 01

thousands 01 people to identity theft. But

the discovery 01 soft drives in Nigeria

shows the potentia! lor more widespread

threats. This country is known "mldwide

about computer Iraud. Many '01the e-

mails people receive seeking bU5inesspart-

ners lor recovery 01 mysterious fortunes,

known by authorities as advance-Iee Iraud

schemes, originate there. Over the years,

Nigeria has perfected various •419 cams,"

named lor the portion 01 the Nigeria's

criminal code outlawing such Iraud.

Unknown to their lormer owners, tens 01

thousands 01 discarded U.S. computers

get shipped there and other developed

nations each month. In an ongolng inves-

tigation into the late 01 electronic waste,

the 5 1 . Louis Post-Dispatch buy several old

American computers that had been

exported to the African country.

Discarded computers and other electronics are thrown into a

landfill with other waste in lagos, Nigeria. Officials say the

e-waste poses health and environmental problems.

Liquida,ion Company officials did no, remrn a reporters phone

messages. bu, ,hey told a district representa,ive ,ecenrly ,ha,

chey knew sorne of che compu,ers ,hey aucrioned ended up in Nigeria.

The company won', be handling any more of the Anaheim

schools' computers: Afre, inquiries by the St, Louis Post-

Dispa,ch. Anaheim schools decided ro seek anocher oudet.

School officials a1sobegan using !Oftware ,hat erases hard drives

before chey are discarded. and mal' hire a reeycling company

chat would shred'9 old hard drives.

Identity ,hef, is common; las, yea, the Federal Trade

Commission reported 45.175 complaims from California

(ranked 3rd per capi,a). Arizona ranked !lrs, per capita. wi,h

9,320 complainrs. But seldom do people track down how cheir

priva,e information was obtained, said Beth Givens. an identity

cheft expert who heads che nonpro!l, Privaey Righrs Clea,ing

House in San Diego.

"How would 1 know that when 1 tossed our20 my computer

wich irs hard drive a year ago chat ir wouId go to Nigeria. and

someone thece would be smart enough ro use m e information

to open up a credi, caed in my name?" she asked. "Or chat some-

body srole m)' identity afrer 1 donated my computer and it was

sold for $5? How could 1 possibly conneet ,he dors?"Al

19 shred: to desuoy a docum~mbytearingit into strip$120 tossed out: rhrown

af c a.s t ;¡w;¡y



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2

lE VE lS: AD V A NC ED / PR OF IC IEN C Y 17

J

t'.~nalur¡:¡l lo think of D a v i:: i Lynch dccompanied by a

O 'N , meniKlnf hum 2 in rediMe. Not a1 aura D f bliss.

Bull'm drinkirrg (offee with lhe creatcr af • Blue

V elv et : " M ul ho Ua nd O ri ve " a nd l il e " Twin Peaks.

series, \'••ho al~o uses rotttng animal flesh in his a rto

Lynch, who is 61 years o ld. s pent t im e in Seat tle t o

promote his n('w film, "Inland Emplre, ' and hls new

book •• Catchng lhe Big Fish•. The former is a darle

three-hour fugue6 starnng Laura Dern as "a woman In

trouble •• and [he latter 1$ about the source of hls b1iss:

transcendenta meditation.Do YOU know what -Inland Empire" is about7

Sure.

Help me out, then.

No, I'm no! going to tell you. You gotta know what

you're doing. At first you don't know. Al f¡rst 1didn't

have a due7, but this is always the way it is. The thing

is, you know, \'Veget ideas. Or as in the case of

• Catching the Big Fish: we catch idees. And we

don't know quite how i t happens, but suddenly,

bango! There'; an idea! A1d , plcture i t as, the idea

was t,",ere. It (Jmes up and i t enters the conscious

m in d, a nd t he l b in go ! W e s ee 1 1.A nd n ot o nl y d o we

s ee ¡ t, but we <now I t, aU in an inst ant. And we know

we know It, because lIJe can write it down. And e'ven

VOCABULARY



18 Interview DAVID lINCH

though it come5 in an instant, we can

write a lot of things .paragraph after

paragraph sometimes. dialogue, the way

people look, the way they sound, the pace

of a thing, the rlood of a thing- all there

in an idea! Unbelievable!

l'd slept poorly the night befare and

dozed offS briefly. I (Quldo't

differentiate between my dream and

the movie.

One lady tald me about the same thing

5he went away partway through the film

sleeping and dreaming, and she said she

really wanted to teH me aboJt the dream

she had, because it was probably being

fed by the f i lm i,sorne ways, and I didn't

have time to get it from her, but she saic it

was quite something.

They eaU Spokane9 "The Inland Empire." but it doesn't seem to have

much to do with Spokane.

No, but it has to do with Inland Emplre.

Those words said something about this

(the movie), and so lloved it as a title.

Want to know what's missing1

What's missing?

Dancing dwarf.

No.

No?

No.

Let's go to TM10. It seems

incongruous 11 that aman who makes

such profoundly unsettling12 movies

radiates bliss,

Bliss. It's such a beautilul thing, and we 311

have some of it. There's a phrase, -True

happiness is not out there. True happineis

líes wlthin. " And that phrase I used to

think about. And it had a ring 01 truth to

¡t13, but they don't tell you where the

within is, nor how to get there. Do you sit

and just think about it? I don't know. I'e

heard about meditation, but I thought it

was a waste of time. What I'd pictured ii

my mind was people just sibng kind of

pretending to do something and th¡nkin~

it was cool.

. .:

So how did you get ioto it?

I'm gOlna tell you. I was working on

.Eraserhead~14 in the stables 01 an 18-

acre e~tate.l had haylofts1S• maid's

quarters, garages, stalls. and 1 had tons of

equlpnent. aHfrom the American Film

Institule, almost a httle studio. And I

thougbt. I should be the mas! happy'6

camper l1 in the 'NOrld. and Iwas thinking

one déy that I wasn't. It was just hollow

inside. And it was just kind 01

confoLnding 18, and I thought maybe this

medlWion is a way to go within,

And tren my sister called out of the

blue19, said she'd 5tarted tramcendental

medltc:tion, told me about It, and in the

light of what I'd heard befare, it made

sense. And the big;¡est thing, thaugh: I

heard a change in her voíce that was morehapplress and more self-assuredness20.

And trat together with what she told me

about ¡t, I said, "That's it," anc I started.

And did it take me withín? let me answer

that.

Veah, 90 ahead.

It was incredlble. Because yau sit

comf01ably, clase your eyes. NOlseis no

barrier, thoughts are no barriers. lt's not a

trying, it's not a form 01 concentratlOn. It's

not eVE'na form of contemplation. You

just innocently say this mantra21, and my

experience was as if I was in an elevator

and they cut the cable and I just went.

And it was so powerful and so uníque, I

thoug~lt. "Man! I'm a human being, and

I'm ha\'ing this experience?" Unbelievably

beauti;ul. $0 it was not a prob!em for me

to stay regular in my meditatíon. And I

understood what within ¡s. I understood.

Becau~e I was one place and 1relt the dive

and I 1:.lt transcending and I fe t that bliss,

and just waves of bliss.

I think the Beatles 90t more

interesting after they discovered the

Maharishi

E••.eryt~,ing gets better. It does. And ¡t's not

a surface cure that daesn't really work. It's

i"

8 doz(ed) off: tu f.111¡!Ha ;l liglu slec:p, ~spedally ullillrentioll:tlly I 9 Spokane: a t1lm that prcmicrcd ar the 2004Sun&lncc Film Fl'stival, wrir-

ten and direcred by L1rry Kcnnar. The cast indudeJ Kylc Bllrnhdmer ;lIld 1;lson \X!aters.A short film, wirh a run time of unly 29 minutes. h was ;Iw;\r-

ded an honol'.lblc mcnrioll in rhe imcrnatiollalshorts C<l.tcgory110 TM: acronym for transcendental mc:dirarion 111 incongruous: lacking in har-

mOIlYor comparibility or appropriatellc.ss 112 unsettling: caming anxiety 113 it had a ring of truth to it: ir sc:emed ro h•..truc: 114

Eraserhead: a 1977tIlm w:ittcn and dir:cted by Daúl Lynch. Thefilm srars Jack Nance and Charloue Sr:wart. Era5erhcad illitially polui/.cd ami

bafficd mOln}'erides and lllovic-gucrs, hnweV('rovcr time rlit. mm has h;:comc ;\ cult c!assic, known for its drcamlikc aura, .strangc soundrrack and surre-

al imagery 115 hayloft(s): lhe uppcr srCl"{'Yofa b,Ull useJ fO[ swring hay 116 the most happy: che happiesl117 camper: somC(lllCliving

ccmporarily in a Il'nt or Indgc for rl't:rcalion 118 confounding: tuwnfusc .(snmeont:) br being Jifficult tu explarn or dC".t1Wilh 119 out of the

blue: in a Wil}' lhal Wil5 nO( cxpceteJ 1 20 self-assuredness: confiJencc i:1 }'our own worrh 1 21 mantra: k~pC'Ci.1l1yin IlinJuism anJ

BuJdhism) a word or snunJ whkh is bdicnd 10 pnsscss a spedal spirituJ.1 powcr



,

LEVE~S: ADVANCED I PROFICIENCV. 19

not partia! knowledge. t's a field of total knowl-?dge. It sounds

so strange, but it is the knowledge and creatívit'l and power

and bliss lhat creates the entire uni\'erse.

Proceeds from your book go to The David Lynch

Foundation for Consdousness-Based Edu(ation and

World Peac:e, Consciousness-based educ:ation: sort of like

No Inner Child Left Behind?

That's a very beautiful phrase you just said. The engine that

drives learning is intellisence, consciousness, ability to

understand, appreciate something. And if they (students) have

a small amount of cons::iousness -el'en if they have a big

amount of ::onsciousness- if there's stress and strains and

horror in the school, learning becomes such a bJmmer 22.

In consciousness.based education, y::>uallow that student to

dive wlthin23 twice a day, and wha'. happens is the Iight of

the unifled fleld -pure consciousnes~- starts beíng enlivened24

by the experience of trenscendlng, and ¡t starts 9rowing. NOI/1/

the student gets a little bit happier, and the student is

shedding a little bit of that stress, a little bit of t'lat fear,anxiety and depression or whatever, anger. And they start

getting along better with their teachers, and the knowledge

gets easier to understand, easy to aJpreciate, and ¡t's

happening, it's in schools, and those schools that it's in, the

success rale 1 5 phenomena1.

Season two of "Twin Peaks" is finally getting to DVD six

years after season one, WiII you ever revisit25 it?

I don't think so, But you know 1a!\o\oayssay llove that world

Obviously Ilove that world. But you know it just, jt carne to an

end in my mind really when we we¡e pretty much told to salve

the case with Laura Palmer.

Cups of coffee per day?

Well, 1always said 20, 1don't know if ¡t's quite 20, But it's

between 10 and 20. •

The people who see your films enhanced somehow

might be surprised that you don't do any drugs,

No, I don't do any drugs. But here's the thing: There's a guy 1

met who wrote a great book called "2012," he's ¡nto all kinds

of drugs. H s path is, hE doesn't rea Iy call them drugs but

"medicines,' And you can get man'l, many experiences. A H

['m sayin' is, there's an easier way to go, and some of those

experiences cost the nervous systerr a pretty penny. lt's a

strain on the nervous system, it's a jolt26 to ratchet27 that

thing up and g,ve you t'lat experience,

What is it about rotting flesh?

Textures. There's three words: satva, rajas and temas. Satva is

building the next step. Rajas is maintaining the ~tep befare.

And tamas is destroying the one that went before that. So

that's the way crealion goes. Everything doesn't just get built

and stay that way. There is a stream of evolution. So when any

one of thes>?processes is going, pre:ty fascinatirg textures

come out: colors, shapes, forms. A Iot of pecple on the

decaying side turn away, but there's an incredible thrng lo

flesh in ¡ts bloom28 ano in its decay AE

Exercise:Focus on Vocabulary:

•• : The following list contains four idioms

from the article. However, the words have been

arranged incorrectly. Can you rearrange them to

discover what the idioms are 7

out of the c1ue

C05t150mebody)a ring of truth

have a pretty ring of penny to it

not to have a blue

Now that you have ch9cked your answers to the

exercise above, use the idioms to paraphrase the

following sentences. Remember lo make the

necessary changes to start the sentence as it is

indicated:

1> Though you may 10t believe it, this fish story

seem s to bE-true. Believe it .

2 > That coat must have cast YOJ a fortune!

I am s u re .

3 > Unexpectedly, her brother srowed up at the

wedding.

her brother .

4 > Don'l ask your father which key to press - he

knows nothing about -:amputers.

Your fathf'r so .

VOCABULARY _ _. ..... _ ¡ _' . . ..22 bummer: ,llI l'xpcril'rKc {ha! is il'riudng or fiu.mating or Jklppoiming I 23 dive within: CXrlorl' (thcir) insiJc I 24 enlivened: made

livdy or spiritcd 1 25 revisit: rocof\.lidn or take L.pagain I 26 jolt: :1t1abrupr spasmodic movel11cnt or an llnpleaS:lJHshock ur ~urrrisc I 27 rat-

ehet (that thing) up: rno\'l' h)' (kgrt'l's in olle Jircctioll onl)' I 28 bloom: to grow n¡ dcvelopstlcccssfull)'



20

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BCBG Max A zr ia charcoa l w oo l shawl -co l la reds

card ig3n , $218 , Saks F i fth Avenue ; Ste lla

McCar tney w oo l je rsey tu rt leneck ' d ress w i th

bubb le hem6, S925 , and Rozae Nicho ls legg ings ,

$160 , a l l Ne iman Marcus ; V ince lea ther be l t , $125 ,

Premium 93 ; Lanv in t la t boo ts , $748 , Gregory' s .

Grunge glamour M ar c Jacobs b i a s pl ai d woo l b louson t op, $925,

r ibbed cashmere T -sh ir t, $695 , and woo l kn ickers ,

$1 ,100 , a ll No r ds tr om ; M a r c Jacobs pa ten t and

suede ank le boo ts , $985 , and woo l hand -kn it cap ,

$395, Ba r neys N ew Yo r k ; S i u Y in Chau r i bbed woo l

leggings, S 105, www.siuynchau.com

1 turtleneck: a high tubular collar fitting c!o,;t:!y aruunJ rhe tleck I 2 leggings: a pair of ver}' right lrousers maje from a man:rial that

strerches casily, usually worn by .••.omcn I 3 chunky: describes c1odu:,s tllat are thick and hC'~vr, nr j cwd ry m ade u f l ar ge p ic cc s I4 layering: (he wtariog uf light.veight 01 unconstructed brarnlCIHS !lne upon rhe ocher, J.\ llJ crc:alC a fashionable cnscmblt: !H 10 proyidc

warmth without unduc bulkincss or hea\'iness I 5 shawl-collared cardigan: a caraigan with a doak consisting of an oblong piece uf

cloth used 10 cm'er the head ana shouldcrs 16 hem: rhe cdS'" uf a pico: of clorh, .mch as dI!: bottlJm edgc of a skirt or dress. which is foldcJ

over and seWll so rhar ir docs nor uevclop loase threads I 7 fatigue jacket: a men'> jacket with a militar)' sl}'le I 8 deconstructed

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LEVELS: UPPE1 INTERMEDIATE I ADVANCED 21

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Mixed messageJunya W atanabe fat ig"e jacket ' , $ ' ,470, d econs t ructed

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Sweater sistersStel la McCar tney color -b locked z ip- f ront wool card i -

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A l ice R o i woo l d ress ,$310 , www.al i cero i .com;and

Graham & I pencer l egg ings , S11o ; Patr icia

Uncerwood hand . kn i t woo l ha t , $275 , I n t e rm i x ,

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26

I B y Carr ie Rickey

The great films he made remain a testament to a prodigious talento

Marlon Brandohe only thing an ador owes his public

is not to bore :hem," Marlon Brando

used to sayoAnd he didn't. In a 50-plus-

year career 01 classicmovies, legendary

stage performances and lilm bombs,

Brando was nENerboring. The eight-

time Oscar-nominated, two-time

Oscar-winning actor died July, 1sto 2004 at

the age 0180.

Brando made 39 lilms; among them he gave

hall a dozen 01 the greatest performances in

screen history. He was good enough tobecome great, and great enough to become

an icono

He blurredz the distinction between playing a

part and baring a soul3. He personilied

embattled masculinity. Irom loutish4 Stanley

Kowalski in "A Streetcar Named Desire" to

la:led boxer Terry Malloy in "On the

Waterfront" to that ultimate authoritarian,

Vito Corleore, in "The Godlather."

BEFORE BRANDO WAS BRANDO,

HE WAS "BUD"

Marlon Brando Jr.was born April 3, 1924, in

Omaha, USA, the onl~ son born to a mother

who was stage-struck5 and a lather who was

a chemical salesman. Both were alcohollcs.

Brando ran away from home 50 frequently thathis father dispatched him to military 5chool.

Prank6 after prank, he finally 5ucceeded in being

expelled in 1943.

His mother, Dorothy, was lounder 01 the Omaha

Community Playhouse, to which she recruited the

teenage Henry Fonda.

Brando ran away Irom home so Irequently that h s

lather dispatched him to military schoo!. Prank6 alter

prank, he linally succeeded in being expelled in 1943.

With a bum7 knee that exempted him lrom military

service, he joined his sister in New York, where he

attended drama workshops at the New School lor

Social Research. He studied under Stella Adler, one 01

the gurus 01 the "method" style 01 sense memory

rehearsing8 and acting pioneered by KonstantinStanislavsky.

A year alter he arrived the Big Apple, Brando made h,s

Broadway debut as the 15-year-old son 01 Norvvegian

immigrants in "1 Remember Mama." But h,s big break

came when Elia Kazan cast him as Stanley in the stage

version 01 "A Streetcar Named Desire" in 1947. The

ador's torn-T-shirt image in both stage and screen pro-

ductions 01 that TennesseeWilliams' play won an indeli-

bleo place in pop culture pantheons. A star 'Nas born.

A FAMILY TRAGEDY

The most headlined as¡:ed 01 Brando's life was one of

stark'D personal traged~. In 1990 the ador's oldest son,

Christian, shot and killed Dag Drollett, the lover of his

half-sister Cheyenne. f-e was sentenced to 10 years

imprisonment. A year prior to Christian's release,

Cheyenne hanged hersel!.

His last months were sad ones: He was diagnosed with

hea'1 problems, and a biography reported that his son's

murder triallelt him brcke.

He never wore the stardom" easily.The longer he lived,

the more indifferent he seemed towards ading. "A

mo"ie star is nothing important," he told The Times.

"Freud, Gandhi, Marx: !hese people are important." AE



THE ENIGMATIC. UNPREOICTABLE. RASPY.VOICE01 MARLON BRANOO CHANGED AMERICAN

ACTING WITH HIS METHOO PERFORMANCES. INFLUENCING GENERATIONS OF ACTORS WHO

FOLLOWED HIM. "HE GAVE US OUR FREEDOM". JACK NICHOLSON SAlO SIMPLY.

II~PFR tNT RMED ¡.TE D ~C' D 27

1 raspy.voiced: of a penon whosc voicc is unpleasancly harsh, rough

or grating in .mund 1 2 blur{red): ro nl.lkc rhe diffcrcncc bcrwcen rwo

things less clear, 01 ro mal;e it difficult ro sce rhe exacr rruth abour

somcrhing I3 bare{ing) a soul: to cxpose ~'ou: soul to view byrcmoving mml" covering. The cxpressinn ro hare YOllr hcartl.mlll rneallS

to cornmllnicate rOllr ,~("crctthoughrs a~d fC'Clings1 4 loutish: ill-

mannercd and coarse and conremptiblc ln behavior or aprearance 1 5

stage.struck: having a passionare love of the thcane and wishing to

become an acror/acHess. 1 6 prank: a practical joke or rnischievolls act;

a trick rhar is intended ro be arnllsing bur not to cause harm or damagc

[ 7 bum: affcetcd or Jisahled hy darnagc or injury I 8

rehearse(ing): ro pracrice :SOllll'lhing, such as Illu.sicor a speech), in

order ro prepare fot a public pafotmance 1 9 indelible: inddible

memories or acrions are iml'0ssible ro f('rgel, or Il<l\'C a perrnancnr inf111C'nce[lr eff,"CI I 10 stark: cnmplcrc or extrClnt' [ 11 wear

(wore) the stardom: ro Je.'31•••..irh and acccpr rhe Stllll.~ur plIsidnn

of a srar

~I



28

dr i ve r fitness

1761bs.(80 kg)Pedal forces

I

1Heat up to 140

F (60 C)

.~. . . . .. . . . - . . , . .1 contend: to st:uggle ro dea. wirh (a difficuhy) I 2 steering

forces: rhe forces used to control the ¿irecrion of a .•.ehicle I 4 bra-

king forces: the forces uscd tJ make a vehide go slowc or stOp.

using its brakc I 4 cornering forces: [he forces used ro move a

vehicle around a curve I 5 physical strain: excessive phrsica1 [cn-

sion or e£ron whích may result in injuries I 6 heart rate: the rate at

which :he heart bem; usuall)' measured to oblatn a quick evaluarlon of

a person's health 11 rowing: aspart which consim in propclling a

boar by means of aars or a type c,fexercise involvillg rhe same mavc.

rncnts 18 intake: the amouot of a panicular subslancc which is caten

or drunk during a particular time

VOCABULARY

\J

The stress placed on drivers in Formula One

racing is extreme. During a race the body has to

contend, with a cumulative force of 88,290 lbs.

(40,000 kg), which influences heart rate, rain

and muscle function.

(- /---

-V a r i o u s load~83IbS.· F , . -===~_(3~.5 kg)In a c a r BraKing

(Maximum figures)

F1 d r i v e r 'st r a i n i n g

Exercise

• Cardiovascular exercise up to

four hours a day

• Train neck muscles with elastic

bands, rowing7, weight lifting



LEVELS: , •

Lossof fluid 0.8-1.1gal. (3-4 1 ) _ _ _ -

@2007MCT

Source: Allianz Fl,

www.fltechnical.net

Graphic: Jutta Scheibe,

Morten Lyhne

I

--

I ..,/

f . . . ., - , . -

.....~.. _ . ---_. - _ .

@ ) . , .. .

. . . .

~~.. ." . . • . .

",

"

"" ' "

".

H e a d

• Mental stress

• Intense concentration

• Physical strain5

• Increased adrenalin output

N e c k

• Head plus helmet weighs 13 lbs. (6 kg)

• Up to four g-force

M o s t s t r es s e d m u s c l es

.Shoulder • Cervical and neck muscles

• Back muscles

• Arms

H e a r t

• Resting heart rate640

beats per minute

• Heart rate during race

198 beats per minute

Mental health

• Special breathing techniques

• Distraction blocking techniques

• Mind control exercises

Diet

• High carbohydrate intakeB

• Lots of water to

prevent dehydration

http://www.fltechnical.net/

http://www.fltechnical.net/







)'ou'd think. This galler)' char.ges periodicall)', bUl it's alwa)'s

etehings and alwa)'s RembrandL Hint: To reall)' appreeiate the

eteher)', bring a magnifying gla.;s. People do thar.

We also get a Inok at his sludio ,nd his colleetion of props", the

lIolsam 12 of illumalion: shells, bum and o,her objeels, as well

as fellow anists' drawings and prints. Leaving the house with our

posrcards tucked, we pass 3:1d inspect more remnants of

Rembrandt's rime: the Zuiderkerk, rhe ehureh whose grave)'atd

holds rhe remains of rhree of Rembrandr' s ehildren; the

Trippenhaus, a vaniry house built around 1660 by merehant

brorhers, later a museum; Nieuwmarkt, a still-lively marketplaee

(Wilh some treasures, ma)'be, among rhe junk sunglasses); and

rhe Waag, a ehareaulike13 building alread)' old in Rembrandr's

time, home then to local guilds and ro a surgical theater por-

Touritst and entertainers fine D~m Square. site of the Royal

Palace. in Amste,dam. •

VOCABULARV

r,ayed in one of the anist' s breakthrough 14

painrin gs.

Whieh leads us, inevitabl)', ro the Red Lighr

Dimict. Most of the red lights and the pro-

fcssionals heneath them are 00 narrow.

mono)' sidc-strects, but [here arc saIne

bloeks with coneentrations of bright

signage1S signaling bars. "coffee (smoke)

shop" and purn shops. The bars offer whal

bar~ oOer, (hc: smokc shops offer more tlUI1

Marlboros, and the porn shops are not all

(har much d¡fleTent fr or n Y O ll e O W Il neigh-

borhood pom shop, except that here people

bring ,heir dates inside, which adds audible

giggles'6, some hom the girls. On Sarurday

night.s, rhese liberated streets are packed with pcople, many staggering under various ¡nAll-

enees and orhers just taking in the seene.

This morning, ir being Sunday, rhe meer;,

mostiy desemd, smelllike beer and urine. ___________r,_ _ _

W h ere lo go ...STAYING THERE:

T h e r e a r e ro u g h l , ' 2 7 j i l l i o n 171lotels scattered a b o u t

A m s t e rd a m , w n u e i n m idsum m er it seem s ha l f t he

p o p u la t io n i s w é l k in g a r o u n d w i th a m a p , M a n y - - in c lu d i n g

b a c k p a c ke r l o d gi 1 g s a n d s o m e 1am l li a r cha i n s - - a re w i th i n

a f e w b l o ck s 0 1 1 t 1eCen t ra l T ra i n S t a t ion , wh i ch i s a l so base

cam p f o r t he c i !' j' s t r am sys l em ,

DINING THERE

Jus t t o g i ve you ~ni d ea : O p t ing f o r s im p i e r f a r :1 i n t he

sum m e r hea t , I ce l igh t ed I n the rogv l euge l ( sa lm on

t rout 18) a t Ca f e V an Z u y le n o n a n o u ts id e t a b ie ( s h a d e d b y

a l u m b r e ll a ) o n ! h e S i n g e l c a n a l. T h e S p a n j e r & V a n T w i s t

Ca f e , on a s i de -cana l , a r ranged a de l i c ious sandw i ch

f e a tu r in g H o l la n d s e g e l t e n ka s s l 1 e t r a b a rb e r ja m ( D u tc h

g : >a t cheese wilh r huba l b 19 ja m , on lo ad ed -w ith -s ee ds

d , n k b r e a d ),

INFORMATION

A m s l el d a m T o u r is m d n d C o n v e n t io n B o a r d :

www.arnsterdarn tour i s t . n l .

F o r a l l 0 1 t h e N e : h e rl a n d s: E . m i il t h e N e t h e rl a n ds B o a r d 0 1

T o u r is m & (o n v fn t io n s a l in f o fm a t io n @ h o l la n i co m , o r

che<k t he W eb s i te : www . ho l fand . com .

11 props: an item placcd on a stage (O crcate a sccne Of scenario in which acturs !,erforfll a play in a theJlrc af motion picrure. Usually [he term "pro¡:;s"

is rcscrved for ohjects with which an acwr interacts kg. a glaS!i,a book or a wearon) I 12 flotsam: picce-sof broken wood and othe-r waste mate-rials

found on the bC'J.ehor t1oatir.g on the sea or anything or anyone that is unwantcd or worthless 113 ehateaulike: Iikc a largc house or castle in Franee

I 14 breakthrough: a suddcn advanccespedally in knowledge or techniquc or ,1 person's firsr notable succ~ss115 signage: signs col1enive!y, espc-

cially comme-rcial or public display signs 116 giggle(s): a nervom or silly bugh 117 j illion: (informal) a numbcr or amount too peat to speci~f I

18 salmon trout: a sea [mur or mherfish resembling a small salman 119 rhubarb: a plam which h;u;long sour-tasting red and grecn stcms tb[

can be cooked and caten ;u;a fmit

http://www.arnsterdarntourist.nl./

http://www.holfand.com./

http://www.holfand.com./

http://www.arnsterdarntourist.nl./



M O V IN G R IG H T AL O NG ...

Dam Square, wim irs hOlels,confluence of lram lines

and rhe Royal Palace, is me hearl of lhe old ciry. LoIS

of young folks j~sr hang OUl20here, and you can usu-ally grab a quick hOI dog off one of me slands. The

Nieuwe Kerk (as opposed 10 me Oude one) is here.

and nieuwe21 as il is, it's slill oude enough (c. 1400)

10 have been sile ofRembrandl's wedding.

Then we discover me Spui, a sweel linle square, and

me srreelS leading imo il, which IOgemer provide

Paris-sryle cafes, reslauranls of various ilks22 (includ-

ing me celebraled d'Vijff Vlieghen), bookslOres and

benches at which ro gather and stare at me people sip-

ping23 at me Paris-sryle cafes.

And if that's not enough. the actual paiming is in me

Rijksmuseum, which, if you're a good walker, is wilh-.

in walking tlistance of the stames, and worth the walk.

Because just when you're slarting 10 lhink you're

Rembrandted out24, me Van Gogh Museum is righl

down lhe pam. PainlÍngs lhat make you cry. And tight

oUlSideme door of the Van Gogh Museum: me tram

10 lhe Red Light Dislricr. What a ciry this is! AE

VOCABULARY

20 hang out: (slang) ro s~nd time doing nothing in particular in aUt.

!>inpl.ce 121 nleuwe: (from Dutch) n<w122 IIk(s): (maWydisap- proving)• p",lcul" typ< 1 23 slpp(lng): ro dn"k, tak1ngnnly. vuyunaUamount ar a time I 24 Rembrandted out: dmi of &mbrandt

1ILamps signal places char practice me oldesl

profession in me Red Light Dislricr in

Amsterdam.

(PRACTICED) .

3 I "Biggest tourist auracrion in Amsterdam,"declared a hotel concierge bubbling wim pride.

(PROUDLY) , .

5 I This morning, ir being Sunday, me srreels,

mosrly deserted, smelllike beer and urine.

(GIVEN) .



Music Review

THE POLleEwant rack m agicsrark!y rcvcals a modern scene mat can'r

matchsuch wide-sca1eexeiremem. For yean

we'd heard of me Iingering13animosiry14

among Sring, Srewarr Copeland and Andy

Sumn:ers. The lhree had seemed imem on

srickir.g (O their guns, letting hismry behisto£;' after the breakup mar made me

Poliee one of mase pop-<:ulture rarities: ao

aer rhH wem out on topo And that gers

right 10 thar dim danger lurking15 al rhe

core of rhe rock reunion: screwing up the

legacy. The trio' s defiance in me faee af

what had surely been tremendous tempta-

tion -financial and orherwise- is one teason

the b;md's credibüity held up strong over

rime. Hining rhe road mearu taking mar

reputadon Out foe a spin16, too.

More than two decades after the

band bowed out17 at the height of its

fame. they decided to gather

together.

Rock reunioos have becornc rollicking1

business, Thc 19905 wece the deeade thar

curned rock nostalgia imo an indusuy.

wirh hell.fr07.e-over l reuniaos of bands

ranging from rhe Eagles (O Kiss. Even the

surviving Beades gOl lOgether to makeOlusic.

In an age of cmertainment~on.demand,

sl101moning old favorircs hack ioro anioo

has become jusr anorher puhlie expaccta-

tion. One thiog is certain: lhc band's re3p-

pearance mcans ""c'te running out of untap-

red blockbusrcr comcbacks'.

Bcyond rhe Palice. major reunion p ro jCCt5 -

SUdl as H . . ag eAg a in s r ch e Mad1ine, Gcncsis,

Smashing Pumpkins ami rhe Sroogcs- are

011 rhe way.

The ancnJanr hypc10 foc such comeback

blio-c s" cou ld be cha lke d up12 35 another

sign of conremporary rock troubk.J times.

Surc, a Police nr Van Halen reunion would

h;lVe bL'Cn big llews a[ any poim [he paM

[\\10 dc:cades. Bur in 2007, thde likelyJomi-

nation of [he pop-music conversation

34

1 insouciant casually unconcerned. rda,;.:J and happy. without worr)' or guilt 1 2 zesty: markcd by spiri[cC cnjoymellt 1 3 halcyon days: 3 \'er)'

happy or sllccesdiJl pcriotl in Ihe p<lSI1 4 frenzy: uncomrollcd and cxctl:d beha\'ior or emolion, which is sometimes violent 1 5 bromide(s): (formal) a

rcm.lrk or SlatCmct1twhkb, ahbough il mig!lI he true, is huring and mcaninglcss hccame it has bttn saiJ so many :¡mes before 1 6 kaballa: Kabbalah lite-

I'3lJymeans "rccciving" and il ¡s hclJ aUlhoriluive: by most OrlhoJoJ: JC'WS. According :0 ilSadherenrs. imimare: undcfSt3l'Idingand rnastery of the Kabbalah

brings mm spirirually doser ro Cad and a .I a ~1J1t humanity o.n be empowcred with higher insight into me ínncr-workings of God's ctta[ion I7

rollicking: (esp. uf an cxpe:ricnceUf stOl')')happcning with a lot of fol.\tanioo .and good humor and ofien noisc 1 8 hell-froze-oyer. (idiom) If you S3)"

thal sOnlelhing will happen when hell fret""LCSover, )'011 mean that it will ncver hapren. So. a hell-froz.e-ovcr reunion would be one which was a1most impos-

sibIl"[Orake place, bul Jid 1 9 comeback(s): 3.lOlIccessfUl3.1te:mplro get power, imponana: or fame aga¡n after a ?Criod ofhaving lost it 1 10hype: .somc-

thing th;l[ is ClJlltinually¡¡d\'crli...c'd anJ di.\l:."1.1<M'.Jin l1ewSrMpers,on tcb'ilOion, cte. in lmier ro attrao cveryone's blerest I11 blitz(es): a 101of energetic

activity 112 chalk up: (informal) rt'Coro a scure or victol"}'113 lingering: Ia.ning a 10llglime I14 animosity: strong dislike. opposition or mger I15Jurking: lhreatening. ahotll tOattack 1 16 to take out for a spin: (or Utospin somcthing out") to mlke somethíng such as an aaivity 01"stor}'

lasr longer Ihan lL~ualor 1lI.."CCSSary,Uf as long 2." poS!>ible116 bow(ed) out: (idiomatic) ro resign, or !cave. with OOC'$ acdibility still ínuo..



B O B M A R L E Y ' SOldest son is on a

DIFFERENTMI5510NMarley ,ay' hi, >lruggle i , 'pi ritual, unli-

ke the phy,ical ' triving embodied in the

pr ote st an th em ,' th at gav e ho pe to th e

downtrodden2 and made an internatio-

nal superslar 01 his late lather, who died

in 1981.

•.That generation that had that light

made a good l ight ," , ays the , inger',ongwri ter and keyboardi, t, who as a

chi ld ol ten , ang and danced with hi ,

fa ther on s lage . "8ut tha t t ime lor ~ hy, i-

cal , truggle i , now changing into a .piri-

tual , truggle. T hat i , where I am. The

solution lor m ankind i, 01 a 'pi ritual

nature. It i , not a p olitical or religio",

solution. It 's the ability to love each

other. That 's the only solution I soo. '

Marley says his beliels really began to

change during the recording 01 1999's

.Spirit 01 Music," his linal di" with the

Melody Makers, the three-time Grammy-

winning group.

But the soods 01 change were sown a

f e w y e a r s ea r l i er d u r i n g a c o n v e r s a t i o n

with Alpha 810ndy,an Alro-reggae musi-

dan Irom the Ivory Coast and a staunch3

supporter 01Alrican unity."We were ta lking about changes in

Alrica.W e were a,king, 'Is it possible lor

you to change millions 01 people on the

p h y s i c a l le v e l 7 O r i s t h e m i s s io n m O Te t o

sing music so people ca. look into them-

selves), I was about changing things, but

th ing ' weren 't changing, not a t the ra te

they should, •

Z IG G Y M A R lE Y , E lD E ST S ON

O F R EG G A E'S M O STT R AN S CE N DE N T F IG U R E,

B OB M A R lE Y , F E ElS T H E

S OlU TIO N O F M A NK IN D IS

O F A S P IR IT U Al N A TU R E A S

R E FlE C TE D O N H IS C D.

"L O VE I S M Y RE lI GIO N."

Marley says that he tried ,olving the

ph ysica l st ru gg le in Ja m ai ca by gi vin g

money and materia l goods to people. But

that did not solve !he problems,

Eventually, he came to the conelusion

that "using political tools to change

sodal conditions won't work. It 's spiri-

tual conditions that need changing. It 's

what 's inside 01 people that counls. "

VOCABUlARY--- -

-

1 anthem(s): a song which has spedal imponance foc a particular group of people, ao organization oc a country 12 downtrodden: bad1y and

unfaidy treated 13 staunch: always laya! in supporting a person, organizarion oc ser of beliefs oc api oi an; 14 conjure(s) up: evoke oc caH form,

wich oc as if b y magic I S bendl r drums: (a1so C l. lIederbeni oc arbani) a &<lme drurn ~ as a traclit:onal i nstrument throughouc North Afri ca ,

more spttiflcaJly in Morocoo.16 tehardant (Iute): a musi ca l i ns rrumentwhkh has a body wi rh a round back and a fin top, a long ne:ck and sttings

whkh :m: playt"d wit.h lhe: flngers



36 lV/lisie Review I (1 'I I IJ( I1 11 LEVELS IJr'l 11' IIJ I1 '-:1-'1 PI,\II I \11//,/.,)( 11)

PATTI SMITH still doesn'tchange horses midstream '"1 W AS D E EP LY OPPOSfD ro rr," SMIT1i

admits. "lstill don't bdieve in rock .n' roll

awards. 1 would nO[ accepr one £roro MTV

oc something. That's kinda disgusting to

me. But 1 rry {Q understand che meaning

mar this (Hall) has foc people. It means a

grear deal to che induetees, and 1 accepr ir

in mar spirit. Ir's an honor."

In her case, che honor salutes a legacy :hat

began 32 years ago with "Horses," ao

album recogniz.cd00 impacr as a seminal

work 2 in [he evoludon of punk. poerryand

women in music. From irs iconic caver

ph OfO to [he music's mix of feverish verse

and bace-banes], ir esrablisheJ Smith as

boch a beacon of boho cool4 and a .,ew

kind of pop star.

Tweh-e, her "nev/' piece of work, is ao

¡(bum thar finds her covering a dozeo das.

sic rock touchstones5, From Hendrix's Are

You Experienced? to m e Stones' Gimme

Shdrer, it flips through rock's back plges

wirh arare sensc of rumination', Ir iSIÚan

artempt lO Xerox or compere with, rhe rack

canon. It's a way ro reconsider songs Ihar

have bound many of US,and ro highlight

sorne rcasans those conneetions have pro-

ven so durable.

"1 waIHoo to cmphasizc rhe Iyries. The few

people I.••..e played the record for have a11

said they feh they were hcaring [he words

for rhe first time,"

But Smi[h secms naivc abollt the marketing

morivatian behind a covers album in this

day and agc. Latcly.labcls ha\'c becn aggrcs-

sivdy encouraging oldcr arti.~tsto cut rhese

kinds of recorJs as the only way to get

anemion in a yourh-driven market.

Patti Smith and her band play the

Skyline stage at Navy Pier in Chicago.

lIIinois. in June 2004. Musician5 5uch

as Smith are following a new kind of

career trajeetory: Early success.

followed by a voluntary hiatus in

favor of home and family. then a

return to the fierce demands of arto

1 change horses rnidstrearn: (fiurr,[h~ pro,'~rb "Don', changc hono; in mid5[rcam~) Don't changc your loder Of ¥OUfbasic pasióon when pan-

v .'3 .y chrough a e.trnpaign Of a plOjea I2 seminal work: a work f lOm which other v.'Orksgrow. Th~[cnnusuilly reftn to an intdlectual or artlstic achie-

vem~nl who~ id~ and [cchniques ha,,~ be:n adop[~ or ro;ponded 10 in lata works b y oth~f pcople, cim~r in the .wn~f1dd o c in me general cultu~ I 3

bare-bones: naving Ih~ mos[ rs~ntial ccmponc.nts I4 beacon 01 boho cool: a 5Ourc~oflight or inspiration for boho (siang, bohanian) and rool

pcopl~ I 5 touchstones: basic principies for judging quality I6 rurnlnation: refl~lion or meditatlon .Ipon something I7 nag(s) at some--

body: [O cause pain. discornfocl. distro;s, depro;sion ami/oc annoyancc



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Do you have any doubrs abour English? Don'r worry, thissection is whar you've been waiting for! Just drop us your

que tions ro [email protected].

ReadersJ

QUESTIONSWha! 15 the dlfference belween 'beslde' and 'besldes'7

Can 'besídes' and 'except be used as synonyms7

'Beside' is a preposition meaning

'ar {he side of,' 'b y '. 'next to'.

Come and sit here beside me.

Our school was built right beside a

r iv er .

'Besides' can be used as a prepos;-don with a similar meaning ro 'as

wcll as', ro add new informarion to

what is already known.

Do you play any orher sports besi-

des foorball and basketball?

Besides literature, we have to srudy

language and sociology.

'Besides' can also be used as a di,-

coucse marker meaning 'also', 'as

well as', 'in any case'. It is otten

used ro add a stronger, more cor.~

dusive argument ro what has gone

befo re. In this case, 'besides' usually

goes at the beginning of the dause.

1 don't like those shoes; besides,

they are too expensive.

She won't mind your being late.

B~ides, it's hardly your F.lUlt

As regards the difTerence between

'beside' an 'except', please consider

a third confusable, 'apart from'.

These three expressions are someti-

mes confused:

> 'Besides' usually adds: it is like

saying wirh, or plus:

Besides the violin, he plays me

piano and the Aute.

(He plaY" three instruments)

> 'Excepr' subtraces: it is like saying

without, oc minus:

1 Iike all spores except football.

> 'Aparr ttom' can be used in both

senses.

Apan ttoml Besides jockey, he

play, rugby and basketball.

1 like all sportS apart from/except

football.

Atter 'no', 'nobody', 'nothing' and

similar negative words, the three

expressions can al1 have me same

meaning.

She has noming

besides/exceptlaparr from her

houle. (She only has her house)

What is the bes! way lo sludy phrasal verbs7

As you may know, there are thousands of phrasal verbs

in English. If you are learning Er.glish in dass, your tea-

cher can only spend a smal! amount of time teaching

you phr.asal verbs, so you muSl spend time at home

learning them for yourself.

Phrasal verbs can be organized in difTerent waY": by

partide, by verb and by topie. T.,e more difTerent ways

you meet these verbs, the more you will learn. But, in

my opinion, words are remembered when they are

meaningful to you and when you can make connec-

tions with real-life situations. Therefore, you should

alwaY" ,tudy them in context (Le. phrasal verb + defi-

nition or synonym + an example in a typica1 siruation):

mailto:[email protected].

mailto:[email protected].



Phrasal verb

com e acros s

Def in i t ion lsynonym

lo fiodby chaoce

e xa m p le i n c : o n te x t

I was sor t ing '.h ro u g h sorre p ap e rs w h en

I carneaerosslhese old phOlos.

A phrasal verb is a verb plus one or two partides. Ir is onen possible to undersrand wha, a phrasal verb means by

looking al its partide and, lhollgh it is not always possib!e to find a pattern, thinking abou, [he meaning of rhe

partide will help you und erstand and tem ember the phrasa! verbs you mee!. Check [he fc)lIowing example to see

how you can organize YOllf studying:

Partic le Meaning Phrasal verbs Defin it io n lsyn on ym Example in context

UP A n u p w ar d m o v em en t c o me u p (01!he suo) lo rise We left ear!y,jusI as lhe suo

w a s c o m i n g u p .

A n ¡n c rea s e, go up to r is e , ¡n c reas e Saleshave gooe up io lhe

an i m p rov em en t pasl year.

Compleliog,eoding u se u p u se a l! o f som eth ing We used up alllhe eggswheo

we madelhe cake.

Approachiog draw up (01a vehiele)lo come lo A tax i d rew u p ju s t as w e w ere

a place aod stop lhiokiog01calliogooe,

Anolher piece of advice 1 can give

you is thar. whenever YOtI mect a

phrasal verb, Barice the noun ir is

used w ith, This w ill help you

undersrand and remember rhe verb

mllch betrer, For example:

> barrer clown + the done to get in

> note clown + youe n c w a ddr e. o; ¡s

> ser clown + mínimum standards

of hygiene

> slam down + the phone, looking

very angry

or

The building + bumr down aml all

the contems were destroyed.

The noise + died down and 1 was

a h l e ro concentrare again.

The sun + bcat down anJ \Ve gO t

very ho!.

Thc rain + pelted down and they

got \Vet.

Remember rhesc: : are jU. 'ir suggcs-

. tions and Y0l!, as a learner, need to

fino the most suitabk. mcthod (or

YOll.

I need to translate my CV into English, what conventions should I take mto accounP

Firsr of aII, you should not think of

it as a translarion, bur rarher as a re-

writing. Writing a resume in

English can be ver)' differenr from

doing it in your nativc tongue.

5tep 1: take notes on YOllfwork

experience - paid and unpaid. Wrire

down YOllfresponsibilities, job tide

and company information. Take

notes 011 your education. Indude

degree or certifica tes, sehool names

and courscs rclcvant to career objce-

tivcs. Take notes 011 other accom-

plishmenrs. such as membership in

organizations, seminars ur co u rSC . ' i

you have raken. From rhe nores,

choose skilis that are similar ta rhe

job you are applying for - these are

t h : : : most importanr poinrs for your

fC511me.

5tep 2: Begin YOllr resume by wri-

ring YO llr complcte name, aJJress,

telephone numberlfax, cdl-phone

number and email ar the tal' of rhe

pa gc .



Step 3: Write an objective (a short

sentence describing the rype of

work you hope to obtain).

Step 4: Begin work experience

with your most recent jobo Indude

the company specillcs and your tes-

ponsibilities - focllSon the skills you

have identified as transferable (simi-

lar ro the job you are applying forjo

Continue ro liS! all of your work experience job by job progressing

backwards in time. Remember to

focus on skills that are transferable.

Step 5: Summarize your educa-

tion, induding important facts

(degree rype, specillc courses stu-

died) mat are applicable ro me job

you are applying foroIndude other

relevant information such as lan-

guages spoken, compurer knowled-

ge etc. under the heading:

Addirional Skills

Step 6: Finish with the phrase:

References available upon roquest

Your entire resume should ideally

not be any longer than one page. If

you have had a number of years of

experiencc specillc ro the job you

are applying for, rwo pages are alsoacccptable.

Spacing: ADDRESS (center of

page in bold) OBJEcr!VE double

space EXPERIENCE double space

EDUCATION double space

ADDITIONAL SKILLS double

space REFERENCES. Len a1ign

everything except name/address.

Tips:

Use dynamic anion verbs such as:

accomplished, collaborated, encoura-

ged. established, facilitared. founded,

managed. etc.

Do NOT use the subjecr "1",use ten-

se s in (he past, cxcepr for your presem

jobo Example: Conducted routine

inspections of on sirc equipmem.

Structure:> PERSONAL INFORMATION

> OBJEcrrvE

> WORK EXPERIENCE

> EDUCATION

> ADDITIONAL SKlLLS

> ACTIVlTIES & INTERESTS

(optional)

You may a1so look for examples of

resur.1eson the web, but make sure

they come from reliable sources.









44 Sto tellin THE TELL-TALE HEART :

in opening (he doof. A watch's minute hand

moves mort: quickly than did mine. Nevet before

,ha, night had 1 felt the extem of my own powetS,

of my sagaeity. I could seateely comain my feel-

ings of triumph. To think that thete I was open-

ing the door li,de by little, and he not even rodream of my seeret deem or ,houghts. 1 fairIy

ehuekled 8 at the idea, and perhaps he heard me,

for he moved on the bed suddenly as if starded'.

Now you may think that l drew baek - but no.

His room was as blaek as piteh with the thiek

darkness (for the shuttels were c10se fastened

through fear of robbers), and so I knew that he

could not see the opening of

the door, and I kept pushing

it on steadily, steadily.

I had my head in, and "'as

aboLI r [Q open (he lantern,

when my thumb slipped

upan the dn fastening, and

the old man sprang up in the

bed, crying out, "Who's

thefe?"

I kept qui,e stiU a nd said

nothing. For a whole hOL! 1

¿id nor move a muscle, and

in (he meantime 1 ¿id :lor

hear him lie down. He \VasstiU sitting up in the

bed,listening; jus, as I have done night after night

hearkening to the dea,h watehes in ,he wall.

Presendy, I heard a sligh, groan '0, and I knew it

was (he groao of mortal terror, Ir was not a groao

of pain oc of grief - oh, no! It was (he low sti-

fled 11 sound that arises from ,he bottom of the

soul when overeharged w¡th a\Ve'2. 1 knew the

sound \VeU.Many a night, just at midnight, when

aU the worId slept, it has weUed up from my own

bosom, deepening, wi,h i" dreadful echo, the ter-

rors that distraeted me. 1 say I knew it well. 1

knew wha, the old man felt, and pitied him

although I ehuekled at heat!. I knew that he had been

lying awake evet sinee the first slight noise when he had

turned in (he bed. His fearshad beeo ever since growing

upon him. He had been trying to fancy them causeless,

but eould noto He had been saying ro himself, "Ir is

nothing bu, the wind in the ehimney, it is only a mousecrossing (he floor," or, "Iris merely a cricket which has

made a single ehirp13." Ye s he has been trying ro eom-

fot! himself with these mppositions; but he had found

aU in v.in. AlL IN VAlN, beeause Death in approaeh-

ing him had stalked'4 w¡th his blaek shadow before him

and enveloped the vietim. And it was the mournful

influenee of the unpereeived shadow that caused him to

feel, although he neither saw nor

heatd, ro feel the presenee of my

head within (he room.

When I had waited a long time very

patiendy withollt hearing him lie

down, I tesolved ro open a litde -

a v e r y, v er y H tt le c re vi ce 15 i n ( he

lanterno So 1 opened ir - you cao-

not imagine how stealthily, steaIthily

- umil at length a single dim ray

like the thread of ,he spider shot out

from (he crevice and fel! upan (he

vulture eye.

It Wf.S open, wide, wide apen, and 1

grew furious as 1 gazed upon it. 1 saw it wich perfect dis-

tincmess - aUa duU blue wi,h a hideous veH over i, that

ehiUed the very marrow in my bones'., bU! 1 could see

nothing e1se of the old man's faee or person, for 1 had

direeted the rayas if by instinet precisely upon the

damned spot.

And no\V have I nO! tok you ,ha, what you mistake for

madness is bU( over-acuteness of the senses? Now, 1 say,

there carne ro my ears a 10\V,duU, quick sound, sueh as

a watch makes when enveloped in canon. 1 knew that

sound weU roo. Ir was the beating of the old man's hean.

It increased my fury as the beating of a drum stimulates

the soldier imo courage.

VOCABULARV . . .._.__ __..... _ .

8 chudd(ed): asoft partIr sllppresscd laugh 1 9 startled: excired bysl lddcn surprisc or alarm and making a quick involuntary movemem 110 groan:

an utterancc cxpressing pain Of disapprovall11 stifled: withheld from circuladoll Of expression or suffocated by or as ifby lack of oxygcn 112 awe: a

fcding of great respecr somerimes mixed wirh fear or surprise 1 13 chirp: a shon high sound 114 stalk(ed): If something unpleasant ~talk.sa place, it

appears [here in athrearening way 115 aevice: a small narrow crack or space in a Stlrfacc 116 chilled the very marrow in my bones: made

me fceI extremely frightenedl made me shivet





46

---

Sto tellin THE HU.TALE HEA~T " LEVEL5: ADVANCED I PROFICIENCY

The FOLLOWING SENTENCESwere

extracted from the story and

mixed-up. Without going back to

the texto put them back in the

correct order.

a I And every nliJht about mldn'ght I turned che laceh 01his

daor and opened it oh, so gentt¡l

b I And observe how healthily, nowealm/y, / can tell you che

whole stcry

e I And then when my head was well in the room / ucdid the

lantern c a ue /o us l r - - oh. 50 cau(ously .. cautiously (for che

hinges creaked). I undid ir just SJ much chat a single tnin (ay

lell upon che vu/ture eye.

d lit is impossible lo say how (¡(sr the idea entered my brain,

but, once conceived, ir haunted me day and night.

eli t was open, wide, wide open, and I grew furious as I gazed

upon it. Isaw ir with perfect distinetness -- al! a dull b.'ue with a

hideous veil over it Chal chilled the very marrow in my banes

f I He shrieked once -- once ODil In an instant Idragged him to

che flaor, and pu/led rhe heavy oed over him.

9 I A shriek had beeo heard by a neighboúr during che night;

suspicion of foul play had been aroused; information had been

fodged at the poliee offiee, and chey (Che offlcers) had been

deputed ro search the premises.

hI ''Villair¡s!'' I shrieked, 'disser:¡ble no more! I admir the deed!

iI My head ached, and I fancied a ringingin my ears; but 5tHI

Chey sal. and stlll ehatted.

j 1 I took up three planks from /he flooring of the chamber, and

deposited all between the scantlings.

J[! TH c ce ; A U DI O A R TI CL E & M OR E E X ER C IS E S

ing: but it cOlllinueJ anJ gained detlnidvclicss

- u mil , a r l en gr h, I f ou nJ tl ur r he n o is c: "va s

r - . : O T . . .virhin rny cars.

No doo bt I nmv grcw VERY pale; bU! 1 [alkcd

more fluenrly. anJ wirh a heightt'ned voiee:.

Y er rh e so un d i ne re as cd - a nd ...",har CQuld J

do' Ir was A LOW, DULL. QUICK SOUND

- MUCH SUCH A SOU:"O AS A

WATCH /o,l¡1.KESWHE~ E:"VELOPED

IN COTrO:'\. I gasped fur brea:h, and ) 'e[

r he o f1 1ce r s h CJ nl i r IlOr. [ r alked mo re quic.:k-

Iy , mor e v eh t: me nd y b U( rh e n oi se s te ad ily

increased. 1 aruse ami argued about rriflt:s26, in

a high key Jnd \ vi rl l v io lc l1t g e st icu i ar io n s; b UI

rhe noise steaJily incrc;lsed. \X'hy \X'OUU)rhey nor be gane? l paccd rhe tloor ro anJ fro

\virh hea',')' sU.des, as ir c,,'xcired ro fUf)' by rhe

observacions of rhe men, hU( rhe noise sreac..li-

1 ) ' ¡nereased. o C od! wha, C OULO Ido? 1

foamcd27- 1 raved - I swore! 1 .sWlIllg lh c

chair upon which I had lll'en .sitring, ami gral-

ed it upon rhe bO<lfJs, hUi (he noise arost. over

all and coJltinual1y incn:ased. Ir gre\\' louder

- IOlldcr-louder! And sriil rhe men chatted

pll'J ..;antiy. amI smill'd. \Vas it possible rhey

heard nm? Al:nigh()' Cnd! - no, no~ Thl'}'

h eard ! - rh ey SllSPCCll'd! - rhey Kt'E\'(!! -

t1H.'}'\Verc making a llIockery uf m)' horror! -

r his I r ho ug he , a nd ( his l think . Bur a l ly rh il l~

w as b errer (h an ,his ag ony ! A ny rh in g \v as

more tolc....rablc (han (his derision28! I (ould

bea r rho se hn'ocritical smiles no lon gcr! 1 fe lr

thar I musr s:n:am ur Jie~ - anJ no\\' -

again - hak! luuJ~r! luuc.ier! louder!

LOUDER'-

"ViUains!" l sl:riekeJ. "disscmble29 no nlOrd I

admir rhe deed! - tcar L1 p [he planks! - 11(.:'I"l'.

here! - il is rhe bearing uf his hidcOllS30

hean!"

26 trifle{s): (tll;nlJ.1l ~ mJ!lcr m itcm o C l¡nle: value Uf

iIllPlI:t;lllec 127foam{ed): tu fm{h;u the lllomh e.~lx,~'i;ILy

in .mgcr; broJJly: tu be J.ngr~' 1 28 derision: (fUrIlMI)

(ll11tcmplUou.'i lallghler; whl:n "IlllletlllC or ml11dhing j~

bught'd at and lUI\idcrl.J ridillllou, or uf ~lU";JIu!.' 1 29

dissemble: to hide yuur n:JJ if\1cmioJ1S and tl:din¡;s ur tlll'

fJets 130hideous: l:ro"Jy utfcm¡\'c tu dL'\:l'nc)" ll\ m"raJirl':

..:au. ~inghorror



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