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THE ROCKS AND MILLERS POINT

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

PLAN.

VOLUME 3, PART 1. INVENTORY.

MILLERS POINT.

E. Higginbotham

CONSULTANT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES - .. - - ~ www.higginbotham.com.au

Or. Edward Higginbotham. Edward Higginbotham & Associates Pty Ltd.

Phone: +612 9716 5154. Fax: +612 9716 8547.

T. Kass andM. Walker.

For

THE SYDNEY COVE AUTHORITY,

and

THE DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING, N.S.W.

Draft: 7 September 1990.

Draft final: 23 August 1991.

Final: 21 November 1991.

I I I I' I I I , I I' I I 1\

I I I; I I I I I

The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological M,anagement Plan.

REPORT LAYOUT.

VOLUME 1.

VOLUME 2.

THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT PLAN.

Management document.

THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT PLAN.

Historical and archaeological documentation,

statement of cultural significance, issues an d

recommendations.

IVOLUME 3, PART 1. INVENTORY,MILLERS POINT.

VOLUME 3. PART 2. INVENTORY, THE ROCKS.

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The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan.

A USER'S GUIDE TO THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

PLAN.

Refer to the Basemap in Volume 1 to obtain site number.

If it is a roadway, refer directly to the Inventory, Volume 3, and locate street name, alphabetically listed before

numbered sites.

A recommendation for an archaeological watching brief or monitoring programme is made for all streets not included

in the Inventory.

Commence recommended procedures at appropriate level, either,

1. conservation plan, or 2. historical and archaeological assessment, with

archaeological site survey, and the recording of standing structures, as required.

Apply for excavation permit using conservation plan or historical and archaeological assessment as documentation.

Complete appropriate archaeological excavation, site survey and recording, as required.

Commence building programme. Conserve fabric as recommended by conservation plan.

Complete archaeological monitoring programme, site survey and recording, as required.

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Notes fo'r planning authorities. Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume I, for: 1. Legal obligations for the protection of archaeological resources (Chapter 6). 2. Circumstances in which archaeological investigations are required (Chapter 7). 3. The types of archaeological investigations and the procedures associated with them (Chapter 8). 4. Permits and other approvals (Chapter 9).

The Archaeological Management Plan does not affect, or remove any obligations or requirements that apply by way of legislation to The Rocks and Millers Point.

Notes for historians and historical archaeologists. Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 2, for: 1. the historical background to sites in The Rocks and Millers Point (Chapter 2). 2. the archaeological background to sites in The Rocks and Millers Point (Chapters 3 to 5).

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CONTENTS. VOLUME 3, PART 1, INVENTORY, MILLERS POINT.

1. THE INVENTORY OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL

SITES ............................................................................................... 1

1.1. Site survey ............................................................................ 1

1.1.1. Numbering of sites ....................................................... 1

1.1.2. Naming of suburbs ....................................................... 2

1.1.3. Categories of above ground archaeological sites ..................... 3

1.1.4. Extent of site recording .................................................. 3

1.1.5. Assessment of the condition of below ground

archaeological remains ............................................................ 4

1.1.6. The extent of historical research for each site ......................... 5

1.2. The assessment of archaeological sites ............................................ 6

1.3. Explanation of inventory forms .................................................... 7

THE INVENTORY OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL

SITES.

MILLERS POINT.

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1. THE INVENTORY OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL

SITES.

1. 1. Site survey.

The site survey of The Rocks and Millers Point was completed in May and June 1990.

Before the survey could commence a number of procedures had to be standardised,

including:

1. Numbering of sites.

2. Naming of suburbs.

3. Categ~ries of above ground archaeological sites.

4. Extent of site recording.

5. Assessment of the condition of below ground archaeological remains.

6. The extent of historical research for each site.

1.1.1. Numbering of sites.

Several methods of numbering each site were considered. The first three options were

abandoned because of their impracticality.

1. Grid reference.

The number of figures required to identify each site according to the

National Grid was too cumbersome, even if the references were

abbreviated.

2. Section and Allotment numbers.

Current property boundaries do not closely relate to the original

historical system of numbering by Section and Allotment. While this

may also be true in other parts of Sydney and in other towns and cities,

it is complicated in The Rocks and Millers Point because of the

substantial and widespread realignment of the streets.

3. Site identification codes used by government

departments.

The study area is not covered by a single government department for

administrative purposes, so that no single or standardised numerical

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sequence was already available. The Department of Housing and the

Sydney Cove Authority both have systems in operation, but the latter is

being upgraded.

4. Simple numerical series.

In spite of the difficulties in adding to a single numerical series, without

also upsetting the locational sequence, the unique numerical series

option was chosen as the most suitable. It was modified during the site

survey, by two means:

1.1.2.

1. A unique numerical series was used for each suburb, namely

The Rocks and Millers Point.

. 2. Sites within roadways were excluded from the numerical

sequence, and identified by verbal description alone. Instead of a

numerical identification, an alphabetical series can be used to

sort the relevant sites. The reasons for this practice are as

follows: while all allotments of land could be identified and

included in the inventory, this was not a viable solution for

roadways. Each section of street may be subject to variation in

the assessment of the condition of below ground archaeological

remains, and also in the extent of realignment. During the site

survey it was only possible to record the physical evidence for

the alteration of the street level, and it is expected that further

historical and archaeological research will contribute additional

information. These factors could easily make redundant the

definition of streets on a rigid block by block basis. The system

of verbal description allows new site definitions for roadways to

be added to the inventory without upsetting its numerical and

locational sequence.

Naming of suburbs.

There are six historical acceptable locality names within the study area, namely, The

Rocks, Dawes Point, Bunkers Hill, Flagstaff Hill, Observatory Hill and Millers Point.

It was resolved that the unique numerical series should only operate within the names

of the two suburb names now most commonly used, namely The Rocks and Millers

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Point. For the purposes of this study, the eastern side of the approaches to the Sydney

Harbour Bridge was accepted as the dividing line between these two suburbs.

Flagstaff and Observatory Hill are both names for the same locality, although they form

a chronological sequence. For the purposes of this study, Observatory Hill was

included in the numerical series for Millers Point.

1.1.3. Categories of above ground archaeological sites.

For the purposes of this study, above ground archaeological sites were divided into a

number of categories, as a basic indication of the extent of their survival. It was

considered that this would be of assistance in the later determination of their

archaeological potential. The five categories are listed, as follows:

1. Standing structure, largely intact.

2. Standing structure, with additions and alterations.

3. Vestige.

4. Moveable relic.

5. Reconstruction.

1.1.4. Extent of site recording.

In view of the extent of the study, it was determined that only a very basic description

of each site was possible. To some extent this could be further justified by the existence

of more detailed studies or registers of most sites. For example, many of the properties

within The Rocks are described on the Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority

Building Data Sheets'! Likewise in Millers Point, the Department of Housing has

completed an architectural study of its properties, which included many of the

archaeological sites. 2 In other instances, references are made to reports giving full

description, where they are available.

1 Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority, Building Data Sheets. 2 Howard Tanner & Associates Pty. Ltd., Miller's Point conservation study, architectural study, Department of Housing, N.S.W., Sydney, 1986.

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1.1.5. Assessment of the condition of below g r 0 u n d

archaeological remains.

One of the most important issues which required consideration prior to commencement

of the site survey was the standardisation of the assessment of the condition of below

ground archaeological remains. The following categories of survival were adopted:

1. Undisturbed.

In the event no site could be given this assessment. All sites had been

subject to subsequent disturbance to a varying extent.

2. Minor disturbance.

An archaeological site may be considered to have minor disturbance

when the only visible evidence of disturbance is:

Domestic or other building with narrow footings and service trenches.

Small scale bUildings.

3. Partly disturbed.

An archaeological site may be considered to partly disturbed when the

only visible evidence of disturbance is:

The use of modem building techniques. The increasing mechanisation

of the building industry tends to result in a greater level of disturbance,

even on domestic sites.

Large scale bUildings.

Victorian or older buildings, partly terraced into hillslope.

Conservation works, renovations, modernisation.

Service trenches in roadways.

4. Mostly disturbed.

An archaeological site may be considered to mostly disturbed when the

only visible evidence of disturbance is:

Terracing into hill slope, where the ground level at one street frontage is

at street level.

Basements cut into hill slope, where the ground level at one street

frontage is at street level.

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5. Destroyed.

An archaeological site may be considered to be destroyed when the only

visible evidence of disturbance is:

Basement excavation in excess of between 2 and 3 metres below the

ground surface.

In some circumstances, a combination of factors was considered to have a cumulative

effect, thereby relegating a site to the next stage of disturbance.

Further historical research may indicate the presence of a historic development, now no

longer visible, which may have mostly disturbed or destroyed archaeological remains

of earlier occupation.

In some cases the assessment of a site was made difficult by uncertainties regarding the

date of quarrying or terracing. Archaeological evidence of occupation prior to this

activity will have been destroyed, but, depending on the date range of this work, there

may be an accumulation of later archaeological deposits also having archaeological

potential.

1.1.6. The extent of historical research for each site.

Because of the broad scope of the study, it was determined that no detailed primary

research could be undertaken for each site. Instead there had to be a reliance on

secondary sources available to the study, or on primary research already completed in

the preparation of the study. This information was available from a number of sources,

including:

1. The series of historical maps researched for the study.

2. The historical research undertaken in the preparation of chapter 2.

3. Other secondary sources, available historical or archaeological

reports, and the Sydney Cove Authority Building Data Sheets.

The presentation of this historical evidence also provided difficulties. The extensive

changes to property boundaries has resulted in the situation where there is no close

correlation with the present site and the primary focus of historical research, namely the

town allotment. In many cases it is not now possible to ascribe a single section and

allotment number to the present site.

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Furthermore, because of the difficulties experienced in the nineteenth century in the

survey and title of town allotments, Sydney is the only place in Australia where there is

no direct record or plan showing the name of the grantee for each portion of land. In all

other situations there is a parish map or modern cadastral map showing this

information. In order to assist in the historical research of these town allotments, an

appendix is included in this study, giving section and allotment numbers, the names of

promisees and grantees, where known, together with other title information. This

appendix could not be incorporated in the inventory, because of the substantial changes

in property boundaries and the realignment of streets.

1.2. The assessment of archaeological sites.

The site survey of archaeological sites within The Rocks and Millers Point has enabled

the assessment of the archaeological sites on a threefold basis, as follows:

1. Condition and survival of archaeological evidence.

2. Chronology.

3. Archaeological potential to contribute to research themes in historical

archaeology and related disciplines.

Given the limited extent of historical research able to be completed for each site, it is

understandable that no full assessment of archaeological potential is attempted on a site

by site basis. In The Conservation Plan, J. S. Kerr pointed out the dangers of an

incorrect or partial assessment of the cultural significance of a site, based on incomplete

analysis.3 Archaeological significance could therefore only be used in general terms.

To overcome this difficulty, the Heritage Inventory for Central Sydney has to a large

extent relied on a chronological scale as the basis for assessing potential contribution. 4

The earlier the date, the greater the contribution; the later the date, the less the

contribution. This sliding scale provided for the archaeological excavations of sites

dating prior to 1850, and an archaeological monitoring programme for sites after that

3 J. S. Kerr, The Conservation Plan. A guide to the preparation of conservation plans forplaces of European cultural significance, second edition, National Trust of Australia (N.S.W. Branch), Sydney, 1985, p. 13. 4 Thorp Green and Associates, and Anglin Associates, 1989, Heritage Inventory for Central Sydney. Department of Planning; E. Higginbotham, T Kass, & M Walker, 1991, Archaeological Management Plan for The Rocks and Millers Point, Sydney, N.S.W. Department of Planning, and Sydney Cove Authority.

6

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11


date. There were exceptions, for example, if a site could be linked to additional and

important research themes, whereby excavation may be recommended rather than a

monitoring programme. All sites were subject to an initial 'baseline action' to determine

the period of the site, and hence the appropriate conservation response.

This management plan is in essential agreement with these recommendations of the

Heritage Inventory for Central Sydney. However the site survey has allowed a

substantial advance to been made on the single means of assessing archaeological sites.

In this study condition and survival is added to the chronological sliding scale.

Essentially this means that sites having below ground remains mostly disturbed or

destroyed are relegated either to an archaeological watching brief or monitoring

programme, or even no requirement for an archaeological investigation, even if they

predate 1850.

While all allotments ofland and other above ground archaeological remains are included

in the Inventory, a large number of streets were omitted, because no information was

available for them, either by site surveyor through the documentation researched as

part of the study. A recommendation for an archaeological watching brief or monitoring

programme is made for all streets not included in the Inventory.

The 'baseline action', as used in the Heritage Inventory for Central Sydney to

determine the period of each site, has also been made redundant by the site survey. It is

now possible to proceed directly with the appropriate recommendations, without first

assessing the period of the site.

Sites of industrial archaeological importance are the principal exceptions to the cut off

date of 1850 for archaeological excavation. An archaeological conservation plan prior to

archaeological investigation is recommended for all above ground remains of industrial

archaeological importance, excepting where the site is clearly of minimal archaeological

potential.

1.3. Explanation of inventory forms.

The inventory of sites was entered onto a number of standard inventory sheets. Each

heading is given a brief description below:

7

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Inventory

Land category

Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

Location

Suburb

Name


Location details

There are two inventory number series, one for The Rocks, the

other for Millers Point. Where no inventory number appears,

the inventory sheet describes a roadway or street, named both

under the locality and name headings.

The land category refers to the cadastral description of the site

in the following terms:

1. Allotment ofland

2. Park or reserve

3. Precinct

4. Roadway

5. Vacant land.

Section number.

Allotment number. Current property boundaries do not closely

comply with the original allotment boundaries. For this reason

a separate inventory of Sections and Allotments has been

included in the report, together with the name of the claimant

or grantee where known.

Cadastral information derived from the appropriate CMA map.

Street number, where known.

The location is usually the street address of the site.

The inventory is divided into two suburbs, namely The Rocks

and Millers Point.

The name of the site, where known.

8


Site category

Original use

Description

References

Assessment of

condition

Basis for

assessment


Above ground archaeological remains.

The above ground archaeological sites are divided into the

following categories:

1. Standing structures, largely intact.

2. Standing structures, with alterations and additions.

3. Vestige.

4. Moveable relic.

5. Reconstruction.

The original use of the structure or site, where known.

A brief description of the structure or site.

Bibliographic references to descriptive text under above

heading.

Below ground archaeological remains.

The survival of archaeological remains was assessed under the

following headings:

1. Undisturbed.

2.Minor disturbance.

3. Partly disturbed.

4. Mostly disturbed.

5. Destroyed.

The reasons behind the assessment given under the above

heading. The standard criteria for assessment are discussed in

Section 6.1.5. in Volume 1 of this report.

9



Archaeological investigations

Type of The nature of previous archaeological investigations are

investigation described under the following headings:

1. Historical research and assessment of archaeological

potential.

2. Excavation.

3. Watching brief

References Bibliographic references to archaeological investigations.

Historic sequence of development.

Historical notes are included only for those sites in groups 1 to

6, and are optional for groups 7 to 9.

Occupied by The earliest known date when a building is shown on the site.

The depiction of an allotment on a map or plan is not

recognised under this heading. The difficulty that the early

maps may only show principal buildings is a difficulty that is

not taken into account under this heading.

Historical notes Brief description of historical evidence, where available to the

study.

References Bibliographic references to above historical evidence.

Management plan

Recommendations Appropriate recommendations for archaeological investigation,

divided into above and below ground archaeological remains.

10

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Inllentory

land category Roadway.

Section

Allptment

Title

St~eet no

location Argyle Place, between Kent Street and Windmill Street.

Suburb Millers Point.

Name Argyle Place.


Site category

Original use Roadway. Description

Below glround archaeological remains.

Assessment of condition Partly disturbed.

Basis for assessment Service trenches.

Archaeological investigations.

Type of in)lestigation

References

Edward Higginbotham, Terry Kass & Meredith Walker. 1991.


Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes Former town allotments. Granted as lots 17 & 18 Sec 92 to Frederick Wright Unwin, both on 8 Feb 1836, and lot 15 claimed by W. H. Wells.

References Grants index.

Management plan.

Recommendations Above ground archaeological remains. An archaeological watching brief or monitoring programme is recommended to record road surfaces.

Below ground archaeological remains. An historical and archaeological assessment prior to archaeological investigation is recommended.

Refer to the 'Sasemap " to locate any site included in this Inventory. This plan is included in the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1.

A recommendation for an archaeological watching brief or monitoring programme is made for all streets not included in the Inventory.

Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1, for: 1. Legal obligations for the protection of archaeological resources (Chapter 6). 2. Circumstances in which archaeological investigations are required (Chapter 7). 3. The types of archaeological investigations and the procedures associated with them (Chapter 8). 4. Permits and other approvals (Chapter 9).


Department of Planning & Sydney Cove Authority.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .. - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 2 Location details.

Inventory


S.ection

Allotment

Title

Street no

lo,cation Cahill Expressway, from Tunnel under Bradfield Highway and the Highway.


Name Cahill Expressway.


Site category

Original use Roadway.

Description Cahill Expressway.

References


Assessmen,t of condition Destroyed.

Basis for assessment Excavated into bedrock.

Archaeolegical investigations.

Type of investigation

Refere,nces



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.

Recommendations Above ground archaeological remains. No archaeological investigation is required.

Below ground archaeological remains. No archaeological investigation is required.

Refer to the 'Basemap " to locate any site included in this Inventory. This plan is included in the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1.





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Invlentory


Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

lo.cation Dalgety Road


Name Dalgety Road


Site category

Original use Roadway. Desc~iption

Refer~nces


Assessment of condition Mostly disturbed.

Basis for assessment Nos. 7 - 13 Dalgety Terrace have archways on their frontages allowing for vehicular access to their rear courtyards. Dalgety Terrace no longer permits vehicular access, which implies that the level of Dalgety Road was higher than present. It may have been lowered as a result of the works of the Sydney harbour Trust at Walsh Bay.There is now a substantial sandstone revetment wall, retaining the Terrace. Part of this has recently collapsed revealing sandstone rubble fill between the wall and bedrock. Bluestone cobbling in part of the road suggests some earchaeological evidence may survive.



References



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.


Below ground archaeological remains. An archaeological watching brief or monitoring programme is recommended.






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Inventory


Section

Allotment

Title

Str,eet no

lO,cation Dalgety Terrace.


Name Dalgety Terrace.


Site category

Origin;!1 use Roadway.

Description

Refer.ences

Below g,round archaeological remains.


Basis for assessment Recent collapse of sandstone revetment wall shows survival of fill layers

Archaeol.ogical investigations.

Type of in.vestigation

References



Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes

References

Management plan.

Recommendations Above ground archaeological remains. An archaeological watching brief,or monitoring programme is recommended to record road surfaces.








Inv,entory


Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

location Ferry Lane.


Name Ferry Lane.


Site category Standing structure, largely intact.

Original use Roadway

Description Sandstone paving.

References





Type of in!lestigation

References

Edward Hi@ginbotham, Terry Kass & Meredith Walker. 1991.


Buildings by 1850s

Historical notes

References

Management plan.

Recommendations Above and below ground archaeological remains. An archaeological conservation plan is recommended.



Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1, for: 1. Legal obligations for the prote


In'lentory

Land category Roadway.

Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

Llllcation George Street and Cumberland Street, at junction with Lower Fort Street.


Name George Street and Cumberland Street.


Site category


Refe~ences


Assessmel1t of condition Partly disturbed.




References


r---------------------------------------------------------~ Historic sequence of development.

Buildings by 1820s

Historical notes Former town allotments. Lease to Robert Campbell by 1807 (No. 1 ) Granted to Robert Campbell as series of grants on 16 Oct 1834.

References

Management plan.








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Inv,entory

Land c~tegory Roadway.

Section

Allptment

Title

St~eet no

LQcation High Street.


Name High Street.


Site category


Refefences


Assessmel1t of condition Partly disturbed.

Basis for ;assessment Substantial amount of fill under street, visible from Hickson Road.



Refer,ences



Buildings by 1820s

Historical notes

References

Management plan.








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Inventory

Land ca,tegory Roadway.

S,ection

Allotment

Title

Street no

Location Kent Street, between Windmill Street and Argyle Place.


Name Kent Street.

Above 9,round archaeological remains.

Site category


References





Type of in,vestigation

References

Edward Hi,gginbotham, Terry Kass & Meredith Walker. 1991.


Buildings by 1820s

Historical notes Former town allotments.

References Harper 1823; Stewart c. 1825.

Management plan.








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Inv,entory


S,ection

Allotment

Title

Street no

Location Kent Street, south of High Street.


Name Kent Street.


Site category


References


Assessmen.t of condition Partly disturbed.




References



Buildings by 1820s

Historical notes Road widening has encroached on former town allotments. Lease (No. 11) to Capt Waterhouse by 1807.

References

Management plan.








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Inventory


S,ection

Allotment

Title Pt.8335-3000, and 1.

Street no

location Lane from Upper Fort Street.


Name Lane from Upper Fort Street.


Site category

Original use Roadway. Description Roadway and car park leading from Upper Fort Street.

References


Assessment of condition Minor disturbance.

Basis for assessment Roadway follows slope.



References



Buildings by 1800s

Historical notes Possible site of third Government Windmill

References

Management plan.





Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1, for: 1. Legal obligations for the protection of archaeological resources (Chapter 6). 2. Circumstances in Which archaeological investigations are required (Chapter 7). 3. The types of archaeological investigations and the procedures associated with them (Chapter 8). . 4. Permits and other approvals (Chapter 9).



- - - .. .. - -. - - - - -. .. - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 11 Location details.

Inv,entary

land categary Roadway.

Sectian

Allotment

Title

Str,eet na

locatian Munn Street.


Name Munn Street.

Above flround archaeological remains.

Site categary


Description

Refer,ences


Assessment of candition Mostly disturbed.

Basis far assessment Munn Street is now substantially lower than the adjacent houses, with a sandstone revetment wall on the upper side.

Archaeol,ogical investigations.

Type of investigatian

References



Buildings by

Histarical notes

References

Management plan.








..--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--~-- - - - •• - - - - .. - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 12 Location details.

Inventory


Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

Lo.;:ation Rhodes Lane.


Name Rhodes Lane.

Above g;round archaeological remains.

Site category

Original use Roadway. Descr,iption

References



Basis for assessment Rhodes Lane may have been extended to its present length, when vehicular access to Dalgety Terrace was cut off, possibly as a result of the works of the Sydney Harbour Trust at Walsh Bay. The lane is bounded on the west side by a rock face, but this may have formed the back of the pre-existing courtyards of those buildings fronting Dalgety Terrace. In this case the laneway has been built up on fill above the original courtyard levels. Note that the rear courtyards of the Sydney Harbour Trust terraced houses on Dalgety Terrace have been completely truncated by this laneway.



References


,----------------------------------------------------------, Historic sequence of development.

Buildings by 1830s

Historical notes Former town allotments. Partially cover Lot 9 Sec 92 granted to William Long & James Wright; and Lot 11 Sec 92 granted to George Kenyon Holden.

References Grants index

Management plan.








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Invlentory


Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

Location Watson Road.


Name Watson Road.


Site category


Description

References

Below glrOund archaeological remains.

Assessmen,t of condition Mostly disturbed.

Basis for assessment Roadway quarried out of rock.


Type of inllestigation

Refere,nces



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.









Inv.entory 1


Section

Allotment

Title

Str,eet no

lo,cation Hickson Road.


Name Submarine cable inspection chamber.



Original use Submarine cable inspection chamber

Desc~iption Submarine cable inspection chamber. Circular sandstone structure with domed copper roof. Constructed before the completion of the Sydney Harbour Bridge.

References


Assessment of condition

Basis for assessment



Refere,nces



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.







- '. - - - - - - - - - - - .' - '. - - .. The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 15 Location details.

Inventory 2

Land category Precinct.

Section

Allptment

Title MSB.

St~eet no

Lqcation Hickson Road, Pottinger Street, and Towns Place.


Name Walsh Bay Wharves, nos. 1 - 9, Hickson Road, Pottinger Street, and Towns PI.



Original use Sydney Harbour Trust wharves and warehousing.

Description Walsh Bay Wharves, including Hickson Road bridges, Hickson Road, Pottinger Street, Towns Place, workshops under or beside Pottinger Street, and other related structures. Walsh Bay Wharf No. 1. Dated 1912 on facade.

References



Basis for assessment Mostly excavated out to level of Hickson road. Archaeological features may survive only where earlier levels have not been changed by quarrying, or where archaeological evidence on or below the water line has been covered by harbour infill.

Archaeol:ogical investigations.

Type of in,vestigation Conservation plan.

References Planning Workshop. 1989. Walsh Bay Redevelopment, statement of environmental effects. CRI Limited. Godden, D. Walsh Bay Wharves. An option for redevelopment (also including Parbury's No. 3 Bond Store), in Travis Partners. 1984. Walsh Bay - General Development Plan Proposal. Maritime Services Board.



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.







- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 16 Location details.

Inv,entory 3

Land category Allotment of land.

Section

Allotment

Title

Street no

Location Bradfield Highway.

Suburb Millers Point

Name Sydney Harbour Bridge approaches.



Original use Bridge. Description Sydney Harbour Bridge approaches, reinforced concrete and fill.

References


Assessment of condition Destroyed.

Basis for assessment Footings for reinforced concrete walls will have destroyed all archaeological evidence. Infilled areas may have allowed some evidence to survive, but this is now permanently concealed by the approaches.



References



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.







- - - - - - - - -' - - - - - - - - '.-, , -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 17 Locatiorn details.

Invi!lntory 4


S/lction

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 1-19.

Location Lower Fort Street.


Name


Site category

Original use Housing. Desc~iption 1880.

Three storey terrace houses with basements.

Refer,ences Tanner and Associates. 1986.



Basis for assessment Basements on level with rear lane.



Refer~nces



Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes Part of Allotment 11, Section 90, 1 a 1 r 8 p granted to William Walker 30 June 1823


Management plan.

Recommendations Above ground archaeological remains. An archaeological watching brief or monitoring programme is recommended.







.------------------- - - - - - .. - - - - - - - - .' - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 18 Location details.

In\l;entory 5


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

St~eet no 21-23.

LQcation Lower Fort Street.


Name



Original use Housing. Description c1840.

Two storey terrace houses with basements.

References Tanner and Associates. 1986.


Assessmel.lt of condition Partly disturbed.




References



Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes On grant of 30 June 1823 to John Nicholson. Building shown on Section survey of October 1834. Previously occupied by T. G. Pittman.

References Grants index; Aa Map 5420; ML Subd plans, City of Sydney, Area 811.1716

Management plan.







- - - - - - .. - - - - - - - - - ., -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 19 Location details.

Inv,entory 6

land category Afiotment of land.

Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

St~eet no 25-33.

lllication Lower Fort Street.


Name



Origin,al use Housing. Description c1850.






Archaeol[ogical investigations.


References



Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes Allotment 9 Section 90 granted to George Morris, 6 June 1835 plus Allotment 8 Section 90 granted to Thomas Dyer Edwards & Matthew Dysart Hunter on 26 Aug 1835. Buildings shown on Section survey of October 1834.

References Grants index; AO Map 5420

Management plan.







- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .. - _. -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 20 Location details.

Inv,entory 7


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 35.



Name



Original use Housing. Desc~iption c1840.

Two storey terrace house with basements.

Refer.ences Tanner and Associates. 1986.



Basis for assessment Basements on level with rear lane. Back yard curtailed.


Type of imrestigation

References



Buildings by 1840s

Historical notes Granted to Robert Crawford as part of Allotment 7 Section 90 on 30 June 1823.


Management plan.







- - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 21 Locatiolil details.

Inv/lntory 8.

land category Allotment of land.

Section

Allotment

Title 583831. 1.

Street no 37.

location Lower Fort Street.


Name

Above g,round archaeological remains.


Original use Housing. Description Dating?


References






References


r----------------------------------------------------------, Historic sequence of development.

Buildings by 1840s '"



Management plan.







.------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 22 Location details.

lnv,entory 9


Section

Allotment

Title 543695. 1.

Str~et no 39-41 .

lo.cation Lower Fort Street.


Name


Site calegory Standing structure, largely intact.

Original use Housing.

Descfliption Dating? Three storey terrace house with basements.

References



Basis for assessment Baseme'nts on level with rear lane. Back yard curtailed.



References



Buildings by 1840s



Management plan.




Refer to the Archaeological Management Plan, Volume 1, for: 1. Legal obligations for the protection of archaeological resources (Chapter 6). 2. Circumstances in which arcbaeological investigations are required (Chapter 7). 3. The types of archaeological investigations and the procedures associated with them (Chapter 8). 4. Permits and other approvals (Chapter 9).



- - - - - - -, - - - - - - - ,- - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 23 Location details.

Inv/lntory 10.


S,ection

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 43.

lO,cation Lower Fort Street.


Name



Original use Housing.

Descniption Dating? Two storey terrace houses with basements. Coach house.

Refer:ences


Assessment of condition Mostly disturbed.,




Referi!!nces



Buildings by 1840s



Management plan.







- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,- - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 24 Location details.

Inv,entory 11.


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 45a-c.

Lo,cation Lower Fort Street.


Name


Site category

Originiill use

Description Modern infill. Two storey terraced housing with two basement levels.

Refer,ences

Below gtround archaeological remains.

Assessment of condition Destroyed.

Basis for assessment Basements and garages on lowest level.

Archaeollogical investigations.


References



Buildings by

Historical notes Granted to Robert Crawford as part of Allotment 7 Section 90 on 30 June 1823. Large building shown on Section survey of October 1834.

References Grants index; AO Map 5420

Management plan.

Recommendations Above ground archaeological remains. No archaeological investigation is required.

Below ground archaeological remains. No archaeological investigation is required.







Inv·entory 12.


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 47-53.

lo.cation Lower Fort Street.


Name


Site category

Origin;!1 use Housing. Description c1880s.


Refe~ences Tanner and Associates. 1986.

Below gjround archaeological remains.

Assessmel.lt of condition Mostly disturbed.

Basis for assessment Basements.



References



Buildings by

Historical notes Granted to Robert Crawford as part of Allotment 7 Section 90 on 30 June 1823. Large building shown on Section survey of October 1834.

References Grants index; AO Map 5420.

Management plan.








- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _. The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 26 Location details.

Inv.entory 13


S.ection

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 55.



Name


Site ca~egory Standing structure, largely intact.

Original use Housing. Descniption Dating?


Refer.ences


Assessmerjt of condition Mostly disturbed.




References



Buildings by 1860s

Historical notes

References

Management plan.







- - - - - - - - - - - - .. - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 27 Location details.

Inventory 14.


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

St~eet no 57-61.



Name


Site category

Original use Housing. Description 1854-1858.


Refe(ences Tanner and Associates. 1986.






References



Buildings by

Historical notes

References

Management plan.








- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 28 Locatiolll details.

Inv,entory 15.


S,ection

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Stneet no 63-65.



Name


Site ca,tegory

Original use Housing. Desc~iption 1880-1900.


Refer,ences Tanner and Associates. 1986.






References



Buildings by

Historical notes Granted to William Davis as lot 6 on 8 Jan 1825 and as Lot 5 on 6 June 1835.

References

Management plan.








r------------------------------------------------------------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -The Rocks and Millers Point Archaeological Management Plan. Inventory page 29 Location details.

Inv,entory 16.


S:ection

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Street no 67-73.

location Lower Fort Street.


Name

Above glround archaeological remains.

Site category

Original use Housing. Description 1862-1865.








References

Edward Hig,ginbotham, Terry Kass & Meredith Walker. 1991.


Buildings by

Historical notes Granted to William Davis as Allotment 4 Section 90 on 11 July 1835 and as Lot 5 on 6 June 1835. I

References

Management plan.









Inv,entory 17.


Section

Allotment

Title MSB. 984168.

Str,eet no 75-77.

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