Adjective Final

8/3/2019 Adjective Final

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By: Muhammad Shahrizan bin Abdul RazakZunnurain Fahmi bin Md SadakahMuhamad Iqbal Syafaat bin Mohd Amin

Siti Haziqa binti Ahmad

Lecturer: Puan Nagamah A/P Raju Sathian

Pengajian Agama Islam 2 PISMP January 2012 Intake


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Adjectives

Adjectives describe (modify) nouns. Useadjectives before nouns

beautiful rug

old vase

nounadjective

adjective noun

Adjectives are never plural.

Those are good (NOT goods) books.


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adjective

or after the linking (transitive) verbs:

be, become, look, seem, sense-perception words: feel, sound, taste, smell

She is intelligent.

You look happy today.

linking verb(be)

linking verb

adjective


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Some adjectives end in ing, -ly, or ed.interesting forgivingfriendly

ed adjectives:married finisheddivorced locatedexcited crowdedfrustrated worrieddisabled tired

When you see a word that ends in ed,sometimes it is an adjective and sometimes it

is a past tense verb.


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If the word follows a linking verb, it is anadjective.

I am finished.You look tired.

If it follows a noun or pronoun, it is a past tense

verb.

I finished my homework.

adjectivelinking verb

past tenseverb


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Adjective Word OrderWhen you have more than one adjective, you usually follow this order.

Number one, two, three

1st Opinion cute, nice, kind

2nd S

ize large, tall, little3rd Age young, old

4th Color red, blue, black, white

5th Nationality Greek, Chinese, French

6th Material metal, glass

My dog Carter is a cute, little, white, French dog.


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SOME RULES ABOUT FORMING

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

One syllable adjectives generally form thecomparative by adding -er and the superlative byadding -est, e.g.:

Adjective Comparative Superlative

Soft Softer The softest

Cheap Cheaper The cheapestSweet Sweeter The sweetest

Thin Thinner The thinnest


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SPELLING RULES

Note that if a one syllable adjective ends in a singlevowel letter followed by a single consonant letter, theconsonant letter is doubled, e.g.: thin thinner, bigbiggest.

If an adjective ends in -e, this is removed when adding -er/-est, e.g.: widewider/widest.

If an adjective ends in a consonant followed by -y, -y isreplaced by -i when adding -er/-est, e.g.: dry

drier/driest.


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TWO SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES

two syllable adjectives which end in -y usually form thecomparative by adding -er and the superlative byadding -est, (note the change of -y to -i in thecomparative/superlative) e.g.:

Adjective Comparative superlative

Lucky luckier The luckiest

Pretty Prettier The prettiest

Tid y Tidier The tidiest


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TWO SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES

two syllable adjectives ending in -ed, -ing, -ful, or -less always form the comparative

with more and the superlative with themost, e.g.:

Adjective Comparative superlativeWorried More worried The most worried

Boring More boring The most boring

Careful More careful The most careful

Useless More useless The most useless


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THREE SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES

Adjectives which have three or more syllables always form the comparativeand superlative with MORE and THE MOST, e.g.:

The only exceptions are some three syllable adjectives which have beenformed by adding the prefix -un to another adjective, especially thoseformed from an adjective ending in -y. These adjectives can formcomparatives and superlatives by using more/most or adding -er/-est, e.g.:

unhappy unhappier the unhappiest/ the most unhappy


Dangerous More dangerous The most dangerous

Difficult More difficult The most difficult


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IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES


Good Better The best

Bad Worse The worst

Far Farther/further The

farthest/furthest


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USE OF COMPARATIVES

Comparatives are very commonly followed bythan and a pronoun or noun group, in order todescribe who the other person or thing involvedin the comparison is, e.g.:

John is taller than me.

I

think that shes more intelligent than her sister.


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OTHER USES OF COMPARATIVES

Comparatives are often qualified by using words and phrases such asmuch, a lot, far, a bit/little, slightly etc., e.g.:

You should go by train, it would be much cheaper.

Could you be a bit quieter?Im feeling a lot better.

Do you have one thats slightly bigger?

Two comparatives can be contrasted by placing the before them,indicating that a change in one quality is linked to a change in another,e.g.:

The smaller the gift, the easier it is to send.

The more stressed you are, the worse it is for yourhealth.

Two comparatives can also be linked with and to show a continuingincrease in a particular quality, e.g.: The sea was getting rougher and rougher. Her illness was becoming worse and worse.

He became more and more tired as the weeks went by


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USE OF SUPERLATIVES

Like comparatives, superlatives can be placed before

nouns in the attributive position, or occur after be andother link verbs, e.g.:

the most delicious chocolate cake Ive ever eaten Annabel was the youngest This restaurant is the best

As shown in the second two examples, superlatives areoften used on their own if it is clear what or who is beingcompared. If you want to be specific about what you are

comparing, you can do this with a noun, or a phrasebeginning with in or of, e.g.:

Annabel was the youngest child Annabel was the youngest of the children

This restaurant is the best in town.


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THE OPPOSITES OF COMPARATIVE AND

SUPERLATIVES

we use the forms less (the opposite ofcomparative more), and the least (theopposite of superlative the most).

Less is used to indicate that something or someone does nothave as much of a particular quality as someone or something

else, e.g.:

This sofa is less comfortable. I

ve always been less patient than my sister. The least is used to indicate that something or someone hasless of a quality than any other person or thing of its kind, e.g.:

Its the least expensive way to travel. She was the least intelligent of the three sisters.

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Adjective Final

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