+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ......

Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ......

Date post: 10-Oct-2020
Category:
Upload: others
View: 0 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
23
Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity NCIFrederick Advisory Committee (NFAC) February 4, 2014
Transcript
Page 1: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity

NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee (NFAC)

February 4, 2014

Page 2: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

• Steven Altschuler• Mike Barrett• Joan Brugge• Jeff Engelman• Sui Huang • Joe Gray • Garry Nolan 

• William Pao• Jennifer Pietenpol• Sylvia Plevritis • Kornelia Polyak• Vito Quaranta• Charles Sawyers • Lani Wu 

• Dinah Singer, Dan Gallahan, Suresh Mohla 

Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Think TankDecember 2‐3, 2013

Page 3: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Will insert Picture slide from Workshop here or before Important 

Questions

!!!!!!!!!!

Integrative*Cancer*Biology*Program:**Centers*for*Cancer*Systems*Biology***********************

Current Topics in Cancer Systems Biology: Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Workshop

December 2-3, 2013

Current�Topics�in�Cancer�Systems�Biology:�Tumor�Cell�Heterogeneity�Workshop�

December�2‐3,�2013�

Data and concepts brought to you by:

Page 4: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Summary Observations From the Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Think Tank 

• Heterogeneity likely arises fromepigenomic and genomic events intrinsic to tumors and regulatory signals from diverse micro‐environments.

• Tumor heterogeneity is a fundamentaldriver of therapeutic resistance inmost human cancers.  Understanding this is an urgent and unmet need in cancer treatment.

• Recent advances in measurement technology, data analytics and biological models enable new approachesto studies of tumor heterogeneity.

Page 5: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Summary Observations From the Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Think Tank 

• Heterogeneity likely arises fromepigenomic and genomic events intrinsic to tumors and regulatory signals from diverse micro‐environments.

• Tumor heterogeneity is a fundamentaldriver of therapeutic resistance inmost human cancers.  Understanding this is an urgent and unmet need in cancer treatment.

• Recent advances in measurement technology, data analytics and biological models enable new approachesto studies of tumor heterogeneity.

Page 6: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Kor

CK14VimentinCK19 ERCD44Ki67Notch1

ER

Ki67

Notch1CD44

Joe Gray

Illustrative example

Heterogeneity in TNBC

Page 7: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Activation of other receptor tyrosine kinases?(e.g. ERBB2 amplification)

FAS/NFB activation?

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition?(AXL, Slug activation?)

Loss or spliced variant of BIM?

Other? (e.g. CRKL amplification)

5-10% MET amplification

~5% PIK3CA mutations

~5% SCLC transformation

~1% BRAF mutations

+/- Pharmacokinetic failure

+/- Exogenous factors e.g. HGF, IL-6~60% Second-site

EGFR mutations (mostly T790M)

30 ~ 40%

Genomic aberrations are well established as mechanisms of therapeutic resistance (NSCLC) 

Gefitinib/Erlotinib (+ Afatinib) as an example

Ohashi et al ‘13

William PaoJeff Engelman Persister cells evolve through drug treatments; can generate a pie chart for each patient

Page 8: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Breast Cancer Lymph Node Metastases

Her2-

Her2+

• Both the breast cancer and lymph node have Her2 staining • Note, abrupt boundaries of expression• Where the core biopsy is taken makes a difference – tumor sampling bias

Her2+

Her2-

ERBB2

Mike Barrett

Intra‐tumor heterogeneity in targeted genomic aberration 

Page 9: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

The degree of heterogeneity has therapeutic implications

Adapted from Shah et al 2012

The degree of heterogeneity can vary substantially between TNBC tumors; what are the drivers

Jennifer Pietenpol

Understanding the biology and therapeutic responses of patients with TNBC will require the determination of individual tumor clonal genotypes

Page 10: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Summary Observations From the Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Think Tank 

• Heterogeneity likely arises fromepigenomic and genomic events intrinsic to tumors and regulatory signals from diverse micro‐environments.

• Tumor heterogeneity is a fundamentaldriver of therapeutic resistance inmost human cancers.  Understanding this is an urgent and unmet need in cancer treatment.

• Recent advances in measurement technology, data analytics and biological models enable new approachesto studies of tumor heterogeneity.

Page 11: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Kor

3.3 µm GSK1120212 (MEK1 & MEK2) 7d

3.3 µM BEZ235 (PI3K/mTOR) 7d

3.3 µM Combination 1:1 7d

HCC1143 (not actual starting density) Incubate cells in presence of compound(s) for 3‐7days

0.1% DMSO 7dModel systems display intrinsic heterogeneity and can be used to study multi‐drug steering strategies 

and mechanisms

Rosalie Sears, Joe Gray

CK14VimentinCK19

Selection versus steering to a more homogenous state?

Sequential single agents vs combinations

Genotype or state of differentiation?

Page 12: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Changing Landscape of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC)Rising PSA

(M0)Metastasis 

(M1) CRPCChemo‐refractory

CRPCtaxanes

primary castration(leuprolide, degarelix )

next generation AR therapy(abiraterone, enzalutamide)

AR pathway

Other

AR pathway

PTEN/PI3K pathway

Transdifferentiation/Lineage switching

Primary CRPC Next generation CRPC 12Charles Sawyers

Both genomic and epigenomic mechanisms influence therapeutic response evolution clinically

Page 13: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Extrinsic signals from the microenvironment also drive heterogeneity

Hanahan & Coussens, Cancer Cell (2012)

Page 14: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Biological systems can be engineered to study the impact of specific extrinsic signals

• Growth on thousands of combinations of ECM and signaling proteins ‐ cancer cell lines are adhered to array spots

• Heterogeneous “printed” 3D tissue structures and PDX models derived from tumor biopsies from patients on clinical trials

Page 15: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Selected microenvironment proteins influence therapeutic response

EdU incorporation vs. DAPI

EdU incorporation 48 h after lapatinib in ERBB2AMP cells

Resistant environments Responsive environments

Watson, Korkola, Gray

Page 16: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Competition within a tumor environment ‐ Barcode system to quantitatively analyze interactions between clones

Injection to mice Genomic DNA

PCR- to amplify the Barcode region

High throughput sequencing (Ion torrent)

• Provides evidence that crosstalk between clonal populations can promote cancer progression and aggressiveness.

GCGGAGAATAGTTAGGGATA

Equal ratio mix Collect tumors

Timothy Butler /Paul Spellman

Joan Brugge

Ovarian Ascites

Page 17: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Summary Observations From the Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Think Tank 

• Heterogeneity likely arises fromepigenomic and genomic events intrinsic to tumors and regulatory signals from diverse micro‐environments.

• Tumor heterogeneity is a fundamentaldriver of therapeutic resistance inmost human cancers.  Understanding this is an urgent and unmet need in cancer treatment.

• Recent advances in measurement technology, data analytics and biological models enable new approachesto studies of tumor heterogeneity.

Page 18: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

7500°K Vacuum

Free ions

7500°K Vacuum

Free ions

New experimental tools to facilitate study of heterogeneity

• Vital imaging to study dynamic changes in population composition

• Mass cytometry for high dimensional assessment of heterogeneity (CyTOF)

• Multi‐color super resolution fluorescence microscopy 

• Nanometer resolution 3D electron microscopy

• Relatively low cost, single cell sequencing

• Computational‐based tools

Page 19: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Overall conclusion ‐ heterogeneity influences most aspects of tumor biological and clinical behavior

• Tumors are heterogeneous in every way possible

• Drivers of heterogeneity not understood

• Heterogeneity affects response to Rx

• Need to control heterogeneity for durable response to therapy

• Tools and models available to study; need to leverage resources to accelerate discoveries

Page 20: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Questions from research community

• What are the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that drive heterogeneity?

• What are the dominant heterogeneity drivers?  Genome instability? Epigenomic instability?  Extrinsic influences?

• How do mechanisms that influence heterogeneity interact/synergize?

• Does treatment cause state change via selection or epigenomic state change or both?

• What are the best strategies to counter heterogeneity?  

• What are the resistance states and how do we target them?

Page 21: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

PQB – 4:  What methods can be devised to characterize the functional state of individual cells within a solid tumor?

PQC – 4:  What in vivo imaging methods can be developed to portray the "cytotype" of a tumor — defined as the identity, quantity, and location of each of the different cell types that make up a tumor and its microenvironment?

PQD – 4:  What are the mechanistic bases for differences in cancer drug metabolism and toxicity at various stages of life?

PQE – 4:  What are the best methods to identify and stratify subgroups of patients with particular co‐morbidities who will benefit from defined cancer therapies?

& Tumor Heterogenity

Page 22: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

FNLCR as an integrator and enabler of efforts to understand and manage tumor heterogeneity 

• Develop and offer tools to study heterogeneity (imaging, biological models, experimental & computational methods, antibodies, reagents)

• Coordinate clinical trials to enable analysis of mechanisms that influence heterogeneity‐mediated resistance (e.g. NCI‐MATCH)

• Establish a national “clearing house” to collect, organize, and disseminate clinical and basic science data applicable to the study of tumor heterogeneity (e.g. in depth analysis of cell lines, PDXs, GEMMs and tumors from pre‐clinical and clinical studies)

• Facilitate collaborative, pre‐clinical and clinical studies across the national cancer program, aimed at deciphering and targeting heterogeneity‐based resistance

Page 23: Advancing Research in Tumor Cell Heterogeneity · NCI‐Frederick Advisory Committee ... December˜2‐3,˜2013˜ Data and concepts brought to you by: Title: FNLAC Meeting Presentation,

Will insert Picture slide from Workshop here or before Important 

Questions

!!!!!!!!!!

Integrative*Cancer*Biology*Program:**Centers*for*Cancer*Systems*Biology***********************

Current Topics in Cancer Systems Biology: Tumor Cell Heterogeneity Workshop

December 2-3, 2013

Current�Topics�in�Cancer�Systems�Biology:�Tumor�Cell�Heterogeneity�Workshop�

December�2‐3,�2013�

Data and concepts brought to you by:


Recommended