Advisory on Improving Sheep and Goat Production · 2015. 10. 28. · 2 Advisory on Improving Sheep...

1

Advisory on Improving Sheep and Goat Production

Dr. Sachin H. Tekade

Assistant Director

Punyashloka Ahilyadevi Maharashtra Sheep and Goat Development Corporation, Pune

2

Advisory on Improving Sheep and Goat Production

Goats are among the main meat-producing animals in India, whose

meat (chevon) is one of the choicest meats and has huge domestic

demand. Besides meat, goats provide other products like milk, skin, fibre

and manure. Goats are important part of rural economy, particularly in

the arid, semi-arid and mountainous regions of the country

They provide food and nutritional security to the millions of

marginal and small farmers and agricultural labourers. However, the

productivity of goats under the prevailing traditional production system

is very low. It is because they are maintained under the extensive system

on natural vegetation on degraded common grazing lands and tree

lopping. Even these degraded grazing resources are shrinking

continuously. Moreover, adoption of improved production technologies/

management practices in the farmers’ flock is very low. Therefore, rearing

of goats under intensive and semi-intensive system using improved

technologies for commercial production has become imperative not only

for realizing their full potential but also to meet the increasing demand

of chevon (goat meat) in the domestic as well as international markets.

Therefore, it is very necessary to provide detail information regarding new

technology of Sheep and Goat farming at farmer’s doorstep.

Keys of profitable Goat Farming

HEALTH MANAGEMENT

FEEDING MANAGEMENT

BREEDING MANAGEMENT

3

Health Management

In the short term, prevention of loss should be the strategy to augment production. A number of animals die because of diseases and many of the animals do not reach desired a growth because of parasitic infections. A strategy of universal de-worming once post weaning, and once during last month of pregnancy and before sell for meat production will radically minimize production loss. Studies are available to indicate that such practices have the potential of enhancing weight at 8 months by almost 3 kg. This means enhanced production of 1 ½ kg. meat per animal can be achieved simply through adoption of a program of administration of anthelmentic to weaned kids and lambs as well as pregnant mothers. Cost of such de-worming per animal is expected to be less than Rs. 40/- approximately, while expected gain will be over Rs. 500/-. This is to be further strengthened with vaccination program, particularly against PPR, HS, Enterotoxaemia, FMD, Sheep Pox etc. total cost of which will not exceed Rs. 25/- per animal approximately. The animal health calendar adopted by Central Institute of Research on Goat, Makhdoom, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh for prevention and management of important goat diseases as below,

A. Vaccination : Sr. No.

Name of Disease Primary vaccination Repeat Vaccination First Injection Booster Injection

1 Peste des petitis Ruminants (PPR)

At 3 months of age

Not Required Every 3 years

2 Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

At 3 – 4 months of age

3 – 4 weeks after first injection

Every 6/12 months interval *

3 Goat Pox (GP)** At 3 – 4 months of age


Every 12 months interval *

4 Enterotoxaemia (ET)




5 Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS)


3 – 4 weeks after first injection (2 doses at one month interval)


* As per the recommendation of manufactures. Kids are naturally protected from diseases up to 3 months by proper feeding of colostrums immediately after birth. For optimum benefits vaccinations, deworm your animals at last 15 days before vaccination. ** For sheep – replace goat pox vaccine with sheep pox vaccine.

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B. Drenching, De-worming and Deeping:

Sr. No.

Diseases Age Groups Treatment Period

Recommended as feed mix

1 Drenching Coccidiosis

1-6 months Anticoccidial drug for 5 – 7 days

Amprollium @ 50 – 100 mg / Kg. body weight

2 Deworming Endoparasitic infections

3 months and above Two deworming annually (pre and post monsoon)

Fenbendazole @ 7.5 -10 mg/ kg. body weight. Additional deworming may be needed in case of heavy parasitic load or extended rainy season.

3 Deeping* Ectoparasitic infection

Any age Pre and Post Winter

As and when required. Close monitoring and treatment of shed/ soil is essential to avoid re-infections

*Avoid cold, cloudy and rainy days for dipping. Preferred time for dipping 9.00 am to 11.00 am.

C. Screenings:

Sr. No.

Disease Period Recommendation

1 Brucellosis + Once in a year Positive animals need to be euthanized and buried

2 Johne,s Disease * 6 months/ Once in a year

Positive animals are to be removed from herd/ flock

3 Mycoplasmosis Once in a year Treatments with specific drugs 4 Mastitis Early milking

stage Treatments with specific drugs

5 Endoparasits Regular screening of fecal samples

Monitor worm load (EPG/OPG) of the animals to decide time of deworming.

+ Screening of adult goats especially breeding bucks and breedable females. From aborted animals submit to serum samples (0 day i.e., day of abortion, Still births and 21 days after abortion/ still birth) * Preferably one month after kidding.

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Model Health Schedule of Sheep

January Scabies ET Vaccination (Lambs) February Navel ill, Hypothermia, PPR Vaccination Starvation, Coccidiosis, (Lambs) Lamb scor March Navel ill, Hypothermia, Nil Starvation, Coccidiosis, Lamb scor April Sheep pox Vaccination (Lamb) ET Vaccination (Lamb) Dipping 21 days post shearing May Sheep pox Vaccination (Lamb) Dipping 21 days post shearing June Nil Nil July Maggot Wound, Blue Tongue ET Vaccination (Adult) August Maggot Wound, Blue Tongue De-worming (Strategic) September Maggot Wound, Blue Tongue, ET Vaccination (Lamb)

Pasteurellosis, Pnemonia

October Maggot Wound, Blue Tongue, Pasteurellosis, Pnemonia

November Pasteurellosis, Pnemonia PPR Vaccination

(Every 3 yrs)

December Scabies Sheep Pox Vaccination

WATCH OUT

MONTH BE AWARE PREVENTION

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De-worming and Ecto -parasitic Infestation

Broad Spectrum Anthelmentic Ivermectine / Closentel / Alebendazole

Narrow Spectrum Anthelmentic

Praziquintol

Anticoccidial Treatment Sulphamethazine + Trimethoprim

Ectoparasitic Infestation Dipping Ectomin / Butox

At every two rotation of

months/ medicines

April / May

All Lambs/ Kids & Weaners

At 2 & repeat at 4 to 6 months

June / July

Young Animals & at the time of

Diarrhoea

At 2-3 months mix with feed

Sept/Oct

March / April

Post shearing

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LAMB AND KID CARE

LAMB AND KID

CARING

Navel Dressing with

Povidine / Betadine

Colostrum feeding to

entire stock

Antibiotic treatment

during change

of weather

IMMUNOSTIMULANT

Inj. Levamisole

With Vaccination

(Twice in a year)

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Following institutes of Central Government/ ICAR impart training to farmers on modern sheep and goat management practices to enhance production which may be utilized by the farmers as well as by the technical staff,

1. Central Sheep Breeding Farm, Post box No. 10, Hisar, Pin- 125001, Haryana. Phone: + 91- 1662/264263.

2. Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Tahsil- Malpura, Dist- Tonk, Rajasthan, Pin: 304501. Phone: +91- 1437/220162

3. Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, Pin: 281122, Phone: +91- 565/2763380.

Vaccine Availability:

Sr. No

Name of Govt. Institute/ manufacturing company

Contact Details Vaccine Available

1 Indian Veterinary Research Institute

Head, Division of Biological Product, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar- 243122, Dist: Bareilly, UP. Phone: +91- 581/ 2301940. Email: [email protected]

Sheep Pox Vaccine, PPR Vaccine, H.S. Vaccine, Enterotoxaemia vaccine, Brucella abortaus strain (19) Vaccine etc.

2 Institute of Veterinary Biological Products, Pune

Joint Commissioner of Animal Husbandry, Institute of Veterinary Biological Products Aundh, Pune 411007 Phone: 020: 25695632. Fax : 020 : 25697962 E-Mail: : [email protected]

3 Indian Immunological Ltd.

Indian Immunologicals Ltd., M/S. Soni Warehousing, Survey No. 1096, Behind Laxman Weigh Bridge Pune-Saswad Road, 15th Mile Stone, Village - Wadki, Dist – Pune. Pin 412308, [email protected] Mr. Pranay Gopale 09890637823

FMD Vaccine, Sheep Pox, HS Vaccine, BQ Vaccine, PPR Vaccine and ET Vaccine.

4 Intervet India Pvt. Ltd.

33, Pune Nagar Road, Viman Nagar, Pune- 411014 Ph.No.: 020/66050400/01 Email: [email protected]

Clostridium perfringes (ET, Lamb Desentry, Struck) Bovilis ET,PPR,FMD

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Feeding Management

Grazing resources for small ruminants are continuously shrinking.

Therefore, arrangements for supply of complete feed blocks would greatly

supplement nutritional inputs required for optimum production,

particularly during periods of nutritional stress as in draught.

Feeding Schedule of Goat

Sr. No.

Age Weight gain

Fodder/ Feed Requirement

Concentrate Green Fodder

Dry Fodder

1 On 3rd month s of age

15 kg. 350 gm. Ad. Lib. 100 gm.

2 3- 4 month 16.200 kg 350 gm 1500 gm. 100 gm.

3 4-5 month 17.400 350 gm 1500 gm. 100 gm.

4 5-6 month 18.600 350 gm 1500 gm. 150 gm.

5 6-7 month 19.800 350 gm 2000 gm. 150 gm.

6 7-8 month 21.000 350 gm 2000 gm. 200 gm.

7 8-9 month 22.200 350 gm 2000 gm. 200 gm.

8 9-10 month 23.400 350 gm 2000 gm. 200 gm.

9 10-11 month 24.600 350 gm 2000 gm. 200 gm.

10 11-12 month 25.800 350 gm 2000 gm. 200 gm.

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Computation of Ration (Feed and Fodder) in Goats

Total Dry matter requirement is 4% of Body Weight

1/3rd Concentrate Mixture 2/3rd Roughages (Green and Dry Fodder)

1/3rd Dry Matter 2/3rd Green Fodder X 5

(Moisture 80%)

Normally body weight of adult sheep and goat (Native Breed of State) is 30 Kg.

As per 4 % of dry matter required for 30 kg body is 1.2 kg (1200 gm)

Dry Matter

1200 gm. (1.2 Kg)

1/3rd Concentrate Mixture = 400 gm 2/3rd Roughages (Green and Dry Fodder) = 800 gm

1/3rd Dry Fodder = 266 gm 2/3rd Green Fodder X 5 = 2670 gm

(Moisture 80%)

It means the daily dry matter required for 30 kg body weight (as a maintenance diet) is,

1. Concentrate: 400 gm. (0.400 kg.) 2. Green Fodder: 2670 i. e. 3000 gm. (3.000 kg.) 3. Dry Fodder: 266 i.e. 300 gm. (0.300 kg.)

Additional Production Diet:

1. Daily dry matter requirement of goat is 4% of body weight as a maintenance diet 2. 1 to 2 kg green fodder and 100 gm. Concentrate additionally required during

breeding season and pregnant animals as a production diet

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Sheep and Goat Feed (Concentrate) Manufacturing Companies:

Sr. No.

Name of Institute / Companies Contact Details

1 Maharashtra Agro Industry Development Corporation,

Manager, Sugras Factory, Chinchwad, Pune, Phone: 020/27473552, 8888842308

2 The Maharshtra State Co-operative Marketing Federation

The Vaibhav Feed Factory, Borvihir, Taluka- Chalisgaon, Dist. Dhule. Phone: 8108182965

3 Govind Agro Industries Lit. MIDC, Wardha. Phone: 9422904226, 8421036311

4 Hindusthan Animal Feed Behind Gokulnagar, Octri check post, Near Vijaynagar Railway Crossing, Jamnagar, Gujarath. Pbone: 08376808436

5 Raj Feeds No.11, Shanti Park, Sadubhau Gosavi Road, Vishrambag, Sangali, Mahrashtra. Phone: 08042903136

6 Kokan Agro Buzz A/p. Lanja, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. Phone: 08046030294

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Types of Grasses, Trees and Legumes

Fodder Crop Botanical Name Yield Varieties

BARSEEM

LUCERN

COW PEA

DINANATH GRASS

GUINEA GRASS

HYBRID NAPIER

PARA GRASS

ANJAN GRASS

STYLO GRASS

Trifolium alexandrinum

Medicago sativa

Pennisetum pedicellatum

Panaicum maximum

Pennisetum perpureum

Brachiaria mutica

Cenchrus ciliaris

Stylosanthes hamata

Vigna unguiculata

100 to 120 MT

80 to 100 MT

30 to 35 MT

40 to 45 MT

130 to 140 MT

200 to 250 MT

130 to 140 MT

90 to 110 MT

20 to 30 MT

Wardan, Mescavi

T-9, Anand-2,

Sweta- 998, UPC-5286, UPC-287,

Bundel-1,Bundel-2, IGFRI-42-1, IGFRI-43-1

PGG-14, Bundel

NB-21, Yashwant (RBN-9),

Local

Bundel anjan-1

Stylo hemata, Scabra

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Name and Addresses of Govt. Institute for Procurement of Fodder Seed

SN Name Address Phone No. Email ID

1 Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute

Near Pahuj Dam, Gwalior Road, Jhansi- 284003 (UP)

0510/2730666 0510/2730158

[email protected] [email protected]

2 BAIF Development Research Foundation

Kandhenu Nagar, Urali Kanchan, Tal: haveli, Dist: Pune- 412202

020/26926265 020/26926248 Mo: 9881369750 (Mr. Takawale)

[email protected]

3 Maharashtra State Seed Corporation LTD. (Mahabeej)

Mahabeej Bhavan, Krushi Nagar, Akola- 444104 (MS)

0724/2455093

4 National Seed Corporation

681-690, Market Yard, Gultekadi, Pune- 411037

020/24264587 020/24272584

[email protected]

5 Regional Fodder Station

Camp Office, 618/A, Gandhi Nagar, Jammu-180004 (J&K)

01662/259184 09868092427

[email protected]


Dhamrod, Campus CCBF, Ankaleshwar, Gujarath

02629/290760 09586530661

[email protected]


P.O. Pahari Sharif, Via Keshavgiri, Hyderabad- 500005 (AP)

08415/201034 08099801610

[email protected]


Hesserghatta, Bangalore North- 560088 (KN)

080/28466279 09845616268

[email protected]


P.O. Dairy Farm, Via Redhills, Chennai-52 (TM)

044/26310884 09445210582

[email protected]


P.O. Netaji Subhash Sanitorium, Dist. Nadia- 741251 (WB)

033/25898425 09674929141

[email protected]


P.O. Textile Mills, Hissar- 125002 (Hariyana)

01662/259184 09868092427

[email protected]

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Awareness and Adoption of Improved Technologies by Commercial Goat Farmers

A number of technologies are available for productivity improvement

of goats. Technological and management options are the only alternatives

to accelerate growth in the productivity of goats, which is low in the

traditional system of production. Therefore it is necessary to provide high

level of awareness about improved technologies related to type of shed,

feeding and watering devices, with daily management practices. Most of

the farmers were eager to adopt the improved technologies, but the absence

of any support system to provide quick access to the latest information and

technologies and weak input delivery system resulted in poor adoption.

Information of technology used in goat farming with equipments such as

Identification, Hoof Care, Feeding & Watering systems, Handling &

Management, Breeding & Artificial Insemination etc.

1. Identification

Sr. No.

Name of Appliances Indian Price Image

1 HASCO Sheep Tags

Packed 25 tags on a stick, 100 tags per package.

3100

2

Sheep Tag Applicator 4800

15

3 Nasco’s Tattoo Outfit with Automatic Ear Release - 3/8" Digits

8000

4

Extra Number Set for Nasco’s Tattoo Outfits

6500

5

Black Tattoo Ink

1200

6 Eat Tag 22.5

7 Tag Marking Pen 765

16

8 Tag Applicator 1375

2. Hoof Care

Sr. No.


1 Sheep / Goat Boot 2500

2 Hoof Shears 3200

3 Foot Rot Shears 4800

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3. Feeding and Watering Equipments

Sr. No.


1 Lamb/ Kids Milking Train 12000

2 Gallon Lamb Feeder (11 Lit) 9100

3 Bucket Holding Ring 6500

4 Nurse Milk Bottle with Nipple 1900

18

5 Lamb Creep Feeder 35000

6 Fench Rubber Feeder 12000

7 Poly Hay/ Grain Feeder 38000

8 Goat Mineral Feeder 12000

9 Nose Paddle Goat/ Sheep Bowl 6100

19

10 Mini Solid Back Wall Feeder 25000

11 Hanging Hay Bag 3500

12 Basic Sheep and Goat Bunk

Feeder 18000

4. Handling and Management

Sr. No.


1 Small Goat Halter 2000

20

2 Goat/ Sheep Muzzle 1400

3 Small Animal Weigh Scale and Sling set

19000

4 Mesh Goat Muzzle 970

5 Goat weigh Tape 890

6 Gallon Hand Held Sprayers 11000

21

7 Stock Weigh Wrangler

5. Breeding and Artificial Insemination

Sr. No.


1 Bailey Ejaculator 53000

2 Sheep and Goat Artificial Vagina

16000

3 Goat Sheath Pkg. of 25. 3000

22

4 Goat Sheath with Apex Package of five

1100

5 Goat Insemination Gun 4500

6 Goat Gestation Calendar 1600

7 Estrus Detector For Sheep and Goat

52000

23

8 Pregnancy Detector for Sheep and Goat

54000

6. Medication and Prevention

Sr. No.


1 Professional Multi Tip Trocar Kit

3400

2 Drencher with Back Pad 21000

3 Emasculatome 6700

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4 Elastrator Band 2600

5 Elastrator Ring 380

(Note: tentative prices are mentioned above)

4” QUARTERS TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS Sanjog-2, Flat No.: 4, Behind Hotel ShivSagar,

Off. D.P.Road, Aundh, Pune – 411007, Maharashtra, India Tele/Fax : (020) 2588 0252

(M) : 9860269523/9371665659 E-mail.:

[email protected] / [email protected] Authorized Distributor in India for

M/S.Nasco,Wisconsin,USA M/S.Jorgensen Laboratories Inc.,Colorado,USA

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Marketing of Sheep and Goat

In the absence of organized marketing infrastructure,

farmers are selling live animals to traders in weekly mandies

as well as their doorsteps. The sale of animals is based on

number basis & hence farmers are being exploited by traders

and middlemen even at mandies too.

To safeguard the interest of sheep/goat breeders,

Government of Maharashtra have also taken the policy decision

vide G.R. No. LVS-2010/CR198/ADF-4, dated. 14/052010.

“ Designing, promoting and encouraging APMC markets

like trade models in private, Co operative as well as Corporate

sector, insuring the trade of live animals ( goats) at these trade

models on live weight basis so as to fetch remunerative price to

the producers vis-a –vis ensuring affordable price to the buyers”.

The price of goats is fixed on traditional practice

of weight estimation by ‘hand lifting; it must be changed at

scientific line based on the weighing machine, so that illiterate

goat keepers must get benefits and value of the goats without

any cheating.

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Common Market Channel

GOAT KEEPER SELLERS

MARKET CHANNEL

ORGANIZED UNORGANIZED ON THE WAY TO MARKETS

AT DOOR

BUYERS

BUTCHERS TRADERS GOAT KEEPERS

CONSUMERS

SLAUGHTERING

CONSUMERS

RESELL AT MARKET OR

OTHER PLACES

RESELL OR KEEP FOR REARING

SLAUGHTER FOR

CONSUMPTIO

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Fixation of Rate:

Sale purchase rate of sheep and goat is directly proportionate on

prevailing mutton rate. Dressing percentage of sheep and goat is

approximately 50%, considering Rs. 400/- per kg. prevailing mutton rate

and 20 kg. slaughter weight. It means the roughly market cost of 20 kg.

body weight animal is around 4000/- .

The book of Dept of animal Husbandry i.e. “Manual of Office

Procedure” have mentioned a formulae for evaluation of book values of

sheep and goat as below,

Sr.

No.

Age Group Sheep Goat

1 Birth to 4 year 2 X Y 5

X Y 2

2 4 year to 7 year 3XY 10

7 X Y 20

3 Above 7 year X Y 5

XY 5

Tip: “X” represents body weight of animal

“Y” represents prevailing rate of mutton.

The Major sheep and goat markets in the Maharashtra State:

Sr. No.

District Place of Market Bazar Day

1 Gr. Mumbai Devnar (Govandi) Monday/ Friday 2

Thane Kalyan Thursday Saralgaon Tuesday

3 Sindhdurg Kudal Wednesday Kankavali Tuesday

4 Ratnagiri Lanja Tuesday 5 Nashik Malegaon Friday 6 Dhule Dondaicha Thursday 7 Ahamadnagar Rashin Tuesday 8 Pune Chakan Saturday

Yevat Friday

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9 Satara Lonand Thursday 10 Solapur Sangola Sunday 11 Beed Neknoor Sunday

Renapur Friday Hirapur Tuesday

12 Latur Murud Tuesday Hali Sunday Udgir Thursday

13 Osmanabad Yedshi Sunday 14 Amaravati Chandurbazar Sunday 15 Sangali Madgayl Thursday

Jat Tuesday Atpadi Sunday

16 Jalana Gevarai Thursday

List of Progressive Goat Breeders in the Maharashtra State

Sr. No.

Name of Breeders Address

1 Shri Vinayak Narawade Aai Goat Farm, Savindane, Ta: Shirur, Diat: Pune Phone: 9225522927, 8275465342, 9225547703

2 Shri Ravindra Laxman Nikam

Nikam Goat Farm, Chikhali, Tal: Indapur, Diat: Pune

3 Shri Fakkad Nanekar Sakhuhari Goat Farm, At. Nimbgaon Dude, Tal: Shirur, Dist: Pune Phone: 9552501830, 9552501827

4 Shri. Deepak D. Kolhe Maharashtra Goat Farm, At/p. Sitpur, Tal: Karjat, Dist: Ahamadnagar. Phone: 9689907070, 9503892999

5 Shri. Devendra Kenjale Omkar Goat Farm, A/p. Pimpode Bk, Tal: Koregaon, Dist: Satara. Phone: 9763526225

6 Shri. Madhav Aabhale A/p. Madi (Kh.), Tal: Kopargaon, Dist: Ahmadnagar Phone: 7588005387

7 Shri. Laxma Takale MD Goat Farm, At. Yedgewadi, Tal: Sangola, Diat: Solapur Phone: 88888039999, 9766677722

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8 Shri. Puthviraj Chavhan Sumbhran Goat Farm, At. Vittalwadi, Post: Kavathe, tal: Wai, Dist: Satara Phone: 9960548005, 9963034963

9 Shri. Deshpande Vanseti and Stall Fed Goat Farm, Aatpadi, Dist: Sangali Phone: 9423037094, 02343221314

10 Shri. Ashwin Savant Junnar Goat farm, Junner, Dist: Pune Phone: 9773567904, 9850980317

11 Shri. P. R. Katkar At. Shivana, Tal; Shillod, Dist: Aurangabad Phone: 9822465658

12 Shri. Tanaji Khandagade Shamala Goat Farm, At. Tavadi, Tal: Barshi, Diat: Solapur Phone: 9404286464, 9881692844, 9763840313

13 Shri. Shikandar Tamboli At. Shelgaon, Tal: Indapur, Diat: Pune. Phone: 8698361664

14 Shri. Mane Mane Goat Farm, Ashta, Tal: Walwa, Dist: Sangali Phone: 8275391777, 8275391778

15 Shri. Manojkumar Gunjal Indragopal Goat Farm, Wadgaon Amli, Tal: Parner, Dist: Ahmadnagar Phone: 9420005890, 9270857048

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List of Sheep and Goat Farms of Maharashtra Sheep and Goat Development Corporation

S N Name of Farm Location Phone No.

1 Punyashloka Ahilyadevi Sheep

and Goat Breeding Farm

Ranjani, Dist.

Sangali

02341/244222

Mo. 9881347842



Mahud, Dist.

Solapur

02187/202300

Mo. 9881347842



Dahiwadi,

Dist. Satara

02165/204480

Mo.:9404296508



Padegaon,

Dist.

Aurangabad

0240/2370449

Mo. :8007333227



Bilakhed, Dist.

Jalgaon

02589/222457

Mo.:9860588060



Tirth, Dist.

Osmanabad

02471/259066

Mo. :9763749783



Ambajogai,

Dist. Beed

02446/247239

Mo. :9405494770



Mukhed, Dist.

Nanded

02461/202022

Mo.: 9405494770



Pohara, Dist.

Amaravati

0721/2020523

Mo.:9665609276



Bondri, Dist.

Nagpur

Mo.:9665609276

31

Record Keeping

Record keeping is an essential part of good animal farm business management. A combination of high production and efficient production is the key to a profitable sheep and goat operation. On farm records are essential in evaluating and improving the performance of sheep and goats within a farm operation. A good record keeping system can assist a farmer to make informed business and movement decisions. Producers should have a record book in which all records are kept. The format should be simple and readily understood. Simple record keeping need not take too much time and the advantages are numerous. Recording is made easy if animals have some form of identification.

Why to Keep Records?

1. Monitoring Progress: To make sure that we are making progress towards our goals and that we are moving forward on our business plan.

2. Managing the Farm: Keeping track of things like; How many animals we have? What their health is? What is feeding them?

If we keep a detailed farm journal about the specific of our farm operations, that we get a full picture of how our farm is functioning.

3. Financial viability: To prove that the farm is financially viable, we require knowing that, what we have earned and what are our expenses.

Types of Records:

There are two general categories of sheep/ goat records namely:

1. Production Records: Production records include herd health,

performance of herd, information on infertility, prolificacy, growth

rate etc.

32

2. Financial Records: Financial records prove farm income or expense

transactions ,it includes product sales, operating expenses (feed cost,

veterinary expenses, forage seed etc.), equipment purchases, accounts

payable, inventory, depreciation record etc.

Automation in Records Keeping:

There are huge difficulties to maintain up to date farm records by

manual procedure by using separate registers at farms. So it directly

affects farm progress and financial viability. Now it is time need to

adapting automation system by use of information technology for record

keeping.

Goat Mate software is designed as a Web Application / LAN / Offline

System to keep live stock records up to date and provide basic management

reports. It is very straightforward to operate and is ideal for farm

managers looking to move up from manual records to computerization.

Detailed individual animal records covering all aspects in farm

management are covered in this software.

33

Feathers of software:

1 Reminder List - Set reminders

regarding vaccinations, weight

measurement, daily tasks to be

completed etc

2 Breeding History – Complete

pedigree and breeding History

3 Food/Diet Analysis – Create our

own feed formulation and

monitor them against weight

gain.

4 Stock Reports – At a Glance find

out complete details about our

stock i.e. Birth record, Death

record, Purchase record and

Sales Records etc.

34

5 Health Records – Maintain illness,

treatment given to each animal

6 RFID / Barcode - Use Hi-tech bar

code scanners etc to scan each

animal.

7 Weight Analysis – Maintain

Weight charts / records for each

animal

8 Feed conversion Record – Compare

feed intake with quantity of fecal

matter for estimation of feed

conversion ratio.

9 Insurance records - set reminders

regarding renewal dates,

premium due etc

35

Requirement of equipments for digital data recording

S Required equipments Indian Price Image

1 Goat Weighing Scale

Interface:

Platform: 900 cm X 900 cm

Capacity: 500 kg .

Rs.32000/- +

taxes.

2 Tag Applicator – Rs.1800/- +

Taxes

3 RFID Tags Rs. 13/- per

Pair+ Taxes

Above Software Designed by,

Aarush Systems, 10, Staus Chambers, Third Floor,

Wrangler Paranjpe Road, Shivajinagar , Pune Contact: 9822400825(Mr. Anil Tatti)

[email protected]

10

Accounts and expenses incurred

on farm

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