AGI Report Kuhr Properties Fault Inves 2-8-16

February 8, 2016 Mr. Paul Kuhr Kuhr Properties, LLC 2785 Pacific Coast Highway, No. E 309 Torrance, California 90505 Attention: Mr. Paul Kuhr Subject: Fault-Rupture Activity Investigation Report Proposed Residential Development at

26378 South Vermont Avenue Harbor City, City of Los Angeles, California

Dear Mr. Kuhr,

Advanced Geoscience, Inc. (AGI) is pleased to submit this Fault-Rupture Activity Investigation Report for the proposed residential development in the Harbor City district of the City of Los Angeles. Though this site is not in a California Geological Survey designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone, the City of Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety (LADBS) recognizes that the northern strand (or alternate position) of the Palos Verdes Fault is mapped to the south of this property and secondary faulting associated with this main fault strand may exist in the region. As a result, the LADBS has designated the property to be within a preliminary fault rupture study area.

Under the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act of 1972, the LADBS and the California Mining and Geology Board presented a preliminary map to show any inferred “active faults” trending across this area. We have now completed an adequate standard-of-practice geologic and geophysical investigation, and illustrated that inferred faults that cross your property are deep-seated and demonstrably “not active” (not breaking Holocene-age sediments) according to current LADBS and State of California definitions.

FAULT‐RUPTURE ACTIVITY INVESTIGATION REPORT FOR

PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT AT 26378 SOUTH VERMONT AVENUE

HARBOR CITY, CITY OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA

FEBRUARY 8, 2016 Prepared for: KUHR PROPERTIES, LLC 2785 Pacific Coast Highway, No. E 309 Torrance, California 90505 Telephone (310) 266-6777 Prepared by: ADVANCED GEOSCIENCE, INC. 24701 Crenshaw Boulevard Torrance, California 90505 Telephone (310) 378-7480

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Property Description 2 1.2 Purpose and Scope of Work 2

2.0 GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS 3 2.1 Earlier Investigations 3 2.2 Current Investigation 4 2.2.1 SEISMIC REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SURVEY 4 2.2.2 CONE PENETRATION TESTS 5 2.2.3 CONTINUOUS CORES 6

3.0 EVALUATION OF SURFACE FAULTING 6 3.1 General 6 3.2 Topographic Analysis 7 3.3 Soil Survey Map 7 3.4 Geology Map 8 3.5 Structural Geology Analysis 8 3.5.1 PALOS VERDES AND OTHER FAULTS 9 3.5.2 GAFFEY ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE 9 3.6 Aerial Photo Analysis 10 3.7 Seismic Reflection and Refraction Profiles 11 3.8 Cone Penetration Tests and Continuous Cores 12

4.0 SITE GEOLOGY 13 4.1 ARTIFICIAL FILL DEPOSITS af 13 4.2 YOUNG ALLUVIUM Qal 13 4.3 OLDER DUNE DEPOSITS Qe 13 4.4 SAN PEDRO FORMATION Qsp 14

5.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 14 6.0 LIMITATIONS 15 7.0 REFERENCES 16 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1- Map Showing Kuhr Properties Site Location Figure 2- Map Showing Preliminary Fault Rupture Study Area and Quaternary Faults Figure 3- Dibblee Geologic Map of Area Figure 4- Site Map Showing Transect Line for Subsurface Investigation Figure 5- Seismic Reflection and Refraction Profiles LIST OF PLATES Plate 1- Geologic Cross Section A-A’ and Seismic Reflection Profile

APPENDICES Appendix A- Topographic and Geologic Maps Figure 1A - USGS 15 Minute Quadrangle, Redondo, 1896 Figure 2A - LA County (93-N-11) 6 Minute Quadrangle, Wilmington, 1923 Figure 3A - USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Torrance, 2012 Figure 4A - USDA Los Angeles County Soil Survey Map, 1903

Figure 5A - Portion of the Geology Map and northern section of Cross-Section E-E’, Woodring, 1946 Figure 6A - Portion of the Geology Map and northern section of Cross-Section D-D’, Dibblee, 1999 Figure 7A - Portion of Terrace Map and Cross-Section I-I’, Woodring, 1946 Figure 8A - Generalized Structural Geology map of the Palos Verdes Hills, POLA, 2008

Appendix B- Aerial Photos

Photo 1B – 4-7-1923; C-400; Fairchild, scale exaggerated Photo 2B – 4-7-1935; E-6026; Spence, scale exaggerated Photo 3B – 7-16-1941; 0-7576; Spence, scale exaggerated Photo 4B – 6-15-1951; 0-12160; Spence, scale exaggerated Photo 5B – 7-6-1951; 0-12229; Spence, scale exaggerated

Appendix C- CPT Logs Appendix D- Boring Logs

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

This report presents the results of the Advanced Geoscience, Inc. (AGI) Fault-Rupture Activity Investigation regarding possible fault rupture hazards for the Kuhr Properties, LLC property at 26378 South Vermont Avenue (Figures 1 and 2) in the Harbor City District of Los Angeles. Provided are maps, cross-sections, and interpretations consistent with current geologic “standards-of-practice” applicable to an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Investigation. The Alquist-Priolo Act (AP) was initiated in early 1972 and requires that geologic investigations for faults identified by the California Geologic Survey (CGS) determine whether or not the faults are “sufficiently active and well-defined,” recognizing that future zoning could not rely solely on the then limited fault data of others. The City of Los Angeles recognizes this Act and has equivalent or suggests greater requirements for geologic investigations. This investigation has been completed in accordance with AP Act requirements following the guidelines presented in the Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety (LADBS) Information Bulletin P/BC 2014-113 for AP Fault Study Zone investigations.

Several major California faults have been placed in AP “Earthquake Fault Zones” that require site specific investigations; for example, the San Andreas and the Newport-Inglewood fault systems. Though the Palos Verdes Fault is not zoned under the AP Act, the City of Los Angeles recognizes the probability of this fault as having a potential ground rupture hazard. Accordingly, based on a compilation of documented or suspected fault activity, the City of Los Angeles has zoned the Palos Verdes Fault as having a surface fault rupture hazard.

From literature compilation and independent interpretation, the City of Los Angeles has placed the Palos Verdes Fault, including the Northern “Alternate Position” Strand (NAPS) as defined by Bryant, 1987 (Figure 3) on “2010 Fault Activity Map” CGS Geologic Data Map #6. This map has formally designated the NAPS as having ruptured in the late Quaternary or the last 700 kilo annum (ka). Further, recent publications have identified individual fault strands to be active according to current state definitions. For example, from a site-specific standpoint, the CGS Geologic Data Map #6 postulated the offshore strand of the Palos Verdes fault as a “fault that has had surface or near surface ground rupture within the last 11,700 years (Holocene Epoch)”.

The inferred AP zonation requires site specific geologic investigations and the City of Los Angeles recognizes the NAPS as a potential fault rupture hazard, requiring a fault rupture investigation. The investigation must inherently confirm or deny the age and/or existence of any faults on or within 50 feet of the property and should follow current geologic “standards-of-practice.” Procedurally, the City of Los Angeles is the lead agency that will approve the Kuhr Properties, LLC property’s investigation. The California Geological Survey may request a copy of this report to review and give its opinion to the State Mining and Geology Board and to the LADBS.

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1.1 Property Description The Kuhr Properites, LLC property is a vacant dirt lot at 26378 South Vermont Avenue which is proposed for residential development (Figure 1). The property is located north of an existing residential development on the corner of South Vermont Avenue and Anaheim Street (5-Point Intersection) and bordered on the north and east by the Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Park. The property is surrounded, mostly, by a chain link fence separating the property from the Harbor Regional Park and a block wall to the south, where the existing residential property is located. Where the property runs along Anaheim Street, there was no fencing and the property opens out to the old trolley route and Gaffey Street drainage area beneath the Anaheim Street bridge.

1.2 Purpose and Scope of Work

This study evaluates whether possible traces of the Palos Verdes fault’s “NAPS” or any other fault(s) exist on or in the subsurface at this site. AGI’s understanding of the project is based on descriptions provided by the project applicant and on published and non-published information. AGI reviewed pertinent aerial photographic, geologic and topographic maps, as well as peer-reviewed published geologic and geotechnical reports submitted to reviewing agencies. AGI also conducted a reconnaissance of the site and vicinity for geomorphic evidence of surface expression of fault rupture, and performed a subsurface field investigation of faulting across the property. Accordingly, this fault investigation followed current geologic “standards-of-practice” to investigate the possible presence and age of faults that might impact proposed development of the property.

The NAPS of the Palos Verdes Fault was mapped south of Anaheim Street, trending northwest-southeast (Figure 3). Due to the thickness of artificial fill, the young Holocene alluvium and the non-cohesive nature of eolian sands in the subsurface, it was not practical to excavate a paleoseismic trench. Therefore, an alternate subsurface field investigation was performed along a southwest-northeast transect line set up across the property. A seismic reflection and refraction tomography survey, Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) soundings, and continuous core borings were conducted along this transect to determine if there were any obvious, potentially fault-related breaks in the subsurface. This field investigation was conducted using a phased approach. After completion of the seismic profiling and CPT soundings, the continuous core borings were positioned to further evaluate possible faulting in the upper sediments.

In this report, we used the term “soil” as a pedogenic (weathering) feature and as a tool for dating sediments, and not as an engineering material.

Our fault-rupture activity investigation included the following tasks:

Research and evaluation of relevant geologic investigations of faulting in the area, and published geologic and geotechnical maps and reports pertaining to the site and area.

Interpretation of oblique aerial photographs from the Benjamin and Gladys Thomas Air Photo Archives collection at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA).

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Coordination with the owner, Underground Service Alert (USA) and construction personnel at Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Park to locate subsurface utilities. Conducting ground penetrating radar at subsurface exploration points to further investigate the possibility of subsurface utilities and underground structures.

Coordination with the City of Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks and park construction managers to obtain a Right-of-Entry permit for extending the field investigation on to park property.

Completion of a seismic reflection and refraction survey along the southwest-northeast transect line extending from the park property south of the Anaheim Street bridge, across the property and on to the park property north of the site (shown in Figure 4). This seismic survey data was used to prepare subsurface profiles showing reflection patterns from deeper geologic layers and near-surface seismic velocity variations.

Completion of 20 CPT soundings along a portion of the same southwest-northeast transect line to approximately 60 feet deep down the center of the property. CPT tip and sleeve resistance logs of the CPT data are given in Appendix C and in Plate 1 on Geologic Cross-Section A-A’. CPT locations are shown in Figure 4.

Drilling of four (4) continuous core borings to as deep as approximately 75 feet between the CPT soundings in a north-south alignment. This was carried out by Gregg Drilling, Inc., using an 8.75-inch diameter hollow stem auger with a 2- and 3-inch diameter by 5-foot-long split coring barrel down the auger annulus. The recovered cores were placed in 2.5 feet long cardboard core boxes and transported to the AGI facility for further examination. Boring logs are provided in Appendix D. Boring locations are shown in Figure 4.

Preparation of Geologic Cross-Section A-A’ showing the subsurface stratigraphy across the site based on our evaluation of the CPT data logs, lithology logs from Borings B1 through B4, and seismic reflection and refraction profiles.

Preparation of this report summarizing the scope of our geologic research, our field investigation procedures and our evaluation of subsurface geology and conclusions regarding fault-rupture hazards at this site.

2.0 GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS

2.1 Earlier Investigations

The earliest known investigations in this area are reported in a 1903 publication of a Los Angeles County soil survey. Geologic studies near the site were also reported around 1941. These studies consisted of pedogenic studies, geologic mapping, paleontology evaluation, mineral and oil resources evaluation, and reporting on the structural geology and stratigraphy. An evaluation was also conducted of the geomorphic expression of

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faulting in the area using topographic maps and aerial photographs based mainly on a few outcrops in the area, on geomorphic expression and seismic exploration methods by others. This research was based on the limited, site-specific data from Woodring, 1941: Dibblee, T.W. Jr., 1999: Cleveland, G.B., 1976: Group Delta Consultants, Inc., 2011 & 2012: Stephenson, W.J., 1995 and other references which are noted in Section 7.

2.2 Current Investigation Our field investigation used a multi-scale, phased-approach to collecting subsurface data from a seismic reflection and refraction survey, CPT soundings, and continuous core borings to evaluate the presence and related activity of possible subsurface faulting at the site in conjunction with surface reconnaissance using historical aerial photos, topography maps and site visits. The following summarizes the different steps that were taken to analyze the site.

2.2.1 SEISMIC REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SURVEY AGI recorded seismic reflection and refraction tomography data along the 680-foot long transect line shown in Figure 4. This data was recorded on December 8 and 9, 2016. To help minimize interference from background traffic vibrations and other sources of noise, this data recording was conducted during the late evening and early morning hours. To record higher-resolution data the geophones were spaced 6-feet apart along this transect line. The geophones were 40-Hertz (tapered low-cut filtering), vertically-aligned, velocity transducers which we typically use in urban areas to record reflection and shallow refraction datasets with better attenuation of lower-frequency background traffic vibrations. The geophones were spike-mounted and securely coupled to the ground to measure seismic vibration patterns with a 102-channel Seistronix EX-6 seismic data recording system. The reflection and refraction data were recorded into all of the 102 geophone channels set up along the transect line. The energy source started 3-feet off the first geophone position and moved through the line between each geophone position at 6-foot intervals. The last energy source positions were placed at various offsets from the last geophone position after shifting the 102 geophone channel array forward to the end of the transect line at 680 feet. The seismic energy source was generated by pounding a 20-pound sledge hammer on to a metal plate placed on the ground surface. Several impacts were made at each source point to increase the signal-to-noise-ratio of the data. After the data recording was completed, AGI performed an RTK-GPS survey of the coordinates and elevations of the geophone stationing set up along the transect line. The seismic data underwent computer processing to prepare two separate profiles showing: 1) reflection patterns from the geologic layering in the upper 300 feet, and 2) seismic compressional-wave velocity variations in the upper 150 feet.

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The seismic reflection profile was prepared using the Visual_SUNT 24 seismic reflection processing software developed by W_Geosoft (Geneva, Switzerland). The field records were input into this software to perform a specialized sequence of digital processing to prepare common-midpoint stacked, reflection time and depth profiles. The velocities from the refraction profile and normal-move out processing were used to develop a separate velocity profile for depth conversion. The seismic compressional-wave velocity profile was prepared using the RAYFRACT refraction tomography software written by Intelligent Resources, Inc. (Vancouver, Canada). Field records were selected at increments of 6 to 8 geophone positions along the line and used to pick first breaks for generating travel times curves. A best-fit velocity-depth model to the travel time curves was generated to prepare a color-contoured seismic velocity profile. Figure 5 displays the seismic reflection and refraction velocity profiles prepared from this data processing.

2.2.2 CONE PENETRATION TESTS

Gregg Drilling & Testing, Inc. (in Signal Hill, California) was contracted to perform 20 CPT soundings using a 30-ton, hydraulic pressure-advanced cone system mounted on a heavy truck body. These soundings were completed in three days from December 14 to 16, 2016. An AGI geologist was onsite to observe operations and the CPT logs after the completion of each sounding.

The CPT soundings were conducted along the seismic survey transect line to investigate the subsurface stratigraphy, as shown on Figure 4. The CPT transect on the property started near the Anaheim Street bridge and continued to the north across the property. The first 13 CPT locations were spaced 18-feet apart while the remaining 7 CPT locations were extended on to park property at a wider 18 to 38-foot spacing to avoid fencing and trees.

This CPT survey was planned to investigate subsurface geology to a depth of 70 feet or refusal. However, refusal and other subsurface conditions resulted in depths of investigation ranging from approximately 40 to 60 feet across the property and shallower 32 to 33 foot depths to the north on park property.

After the CPT soundings were completed, AGI performed an RTK-GPS survey to measure the locations and elevations of the CPT soundings.

Gregg Drilling & Testing, Inc. provided printed and digital logs for each CPT sounding. The logs showed the cone tip pressure and side friction plots which were used in developing Geologic Cross-Section A-A’. This cross section was analyzed in conjunction with the seismic reflection and refraction profiles which helped determine locations for the continuous core borings. These logs are included in Appendix C.

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2.2.3 CONTINUOUS CORES

Gregg Drilling & Testing, Inc. was contracted to perform continuous coring and sampling of four borings using a Marl M-10, hollow-stem auger drilling rig. The drilling was completed in two-days from December 28 to 29, 2016. Two AGI geologists were onsite to observe the core samples, prepare the cores for placement in core boxes, and prepare core logs. The four borings were drilled and sampled onsite, designated B1 through B4; locations are shown in Figure 4. The borings were placed at locations along the transect where CPT data cross sections showed irregularities and the seismic reflection profile showed evidence of possible deeper faulting to determine if the irregularities were due to faulting. The borings were also placed to calibrate the cores to the CPTs and to calibrate the cores where the recovery was poor.

The cores were drilled using an 8.75-inch hollow stem auger with a 3-inch diameter core barrel. The barrel was placed down the annulus of the augers and pushed about 3 to 4- inches in front of the bit as the auger advanced downward. The barrel was connected and held stationary with respect to the drill rig rotary head system by a series of rods that pushed the barrel ahead of the bit to prevent the barrel from spinning, resulting in a relatively undisturbed continuous core sample. The recovered cores were used to prepare boring logs which provided subsurface soil conditions and calibration for the CPT data.

The cores in the lower sandy sediments were drilled in 2.5 foot runs to optimize recovery. Where drilling recovery exceeded 90-percent, as in clayey sediments, the runs were increased to 5 feet. The cores were placed in boxes, field logged, and stored at AGI’s facility and later logged in greater detail. The final boring logs are in Appendix D.

After further analysis, the core information was combined with CPT data to calibrate and adjust the core sedimentary positions that were missing due to lack of recovery. The Geologic Cross-Section A-A’ in Plate 1 presents this profile of subsurface stratigraphy.

3.0 EVALUATION OF SURFACE FAULTING

3.1 General As illustrated in Appendix A, in Figures 1A, 2A and 6A, the NAPS of the Palos Verdes fault is mapped trending south of the site and south of Anaheim Street. This portion of the Palos Verdes Fault (see Figure 6A) is shown as a “concealed” fault, but it is not in a State of California Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone or known to have ruptured in the last 11,700 years (or Holocene Epoch). Though not considered an active fault, the City of Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety considers the NAPS of the Palos Verdes Fault to be of concern and zoned within the city of Los Angeles. Since the City of Los Angeles zoned the NAPS, this site had to be studied for potential Holocene fault rupture. The potential for surface fault rupture hazard was evaluated initially by conducting our geologic research consisting of analyzing historic topographic maps, soil survey maps for soil types and analyzing available historic oblique aerial photos. After this research, we conducted a seismic reflection and refraction tomography survey followed by an array of

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CPTs and continuous core borings to study the existence (or non-existence) and possible location of faulting associated with the NAPS of the Palos Verdes Fault across this site. These studies are discussed in detail in the following sections.

3.2 Topographic Analysis Three topographic maps were examined and compared, the Redondo Beach 15 minute (1896), Wilmington 6 minute (1923), and the Torrance 7.5 minute (2012) quadrangles to determine the general geomorphology and evaluate whether or not there was a topographic expression of the Palos Verdes Inferred and Alternate (NAPS) fault trends. The 1896 Redondo Beach Quadrangle (Figure 1A) showed the Bixby Slough (known today as Harbor Lake) as a typical oxbow lake geomorphic feature. This lake was an aborted channel of the many Pleistocene and Holocene Los Angeles River channels that meandered through the Los Angeles Basin. After reviewing the map, a series of terraces and an escarpment were mapped along the north side of the hills. This linear escarpment marks the inferred trace of the Palos Verdes Fault which is delineated by the red dashed line. The red dotted line to the north of the dashed line marks the trace of the NAPS of the Palos Verdes Fault interpreted from breaks in topography and other geomorphic features such as linear valleys and erosional cuts. The 1923 Wilmington Quadrangle showed the same topography as the Redondo Quadrangle but at a larger scale. Alignments of saddles, lineation’s and other geomorphic features that could indicate the presence of the inferred and NAPS traces of the Palos Verdes Fault were observed. The blue arrows indicate the ancient flows of the Los Angeles River to the now Los Angeles Harbor West Basin. Where the Inferred fault crossed the Gaffey Valley, the Quadrangle showed a right lateral offset of the channel. It is suggested the Palos Verdes Fault and associated faulting in this area had a right lateral sense of movement or a vertical thrusting-component of fault movement, as discussed in Section 3.5 below. Figure 3A shows a portion of the USGS 2012 Torrance 7.5 minute Quadrangle used to compare topography to the topography on the older maps, see Figures 1A and 2A.

3.3 Soil Survey Map The 1903 USDA Soil Survey Map of Los Angeles area (Figure 4A) mapped two soil units in the general area of the site, the Placentia sandy loam (Pl) and the Oxnard Sand (Os). The Oxnard Sand is a yellow gray to dark gray to grayish brown sand with a medium to fine texture and is found on top of the Placentia loam. The sand grades finer to the east from Redondo Beach. In this area, the sand is very erodible and shifts around during strong winds. The Placentia sandy loam in the area consists of a dark gray to yellow gray fine sand. This soil is common on sloping and hilly terrain. The surface has been altered from blowing sands and erosion which is common when below the Oxnard sand.

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3.4 Geology Map Three geology maps, the Geology and Paleontology of the Palos Verdes Hills (Figure 5A), Marine Terraces of the Palos Verdes Hills (Figure 7A) by Woodring, 1946, et. al., and the compiled map by Dibblee, 1999, Geologic Map of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and Vicinity were used for this study. Woodring defined the geology and marine terrace in the area while the Dibblee map showed the inferred location of the Palos Verdes Fault. These maps are accompanied by a geologic cross-section that is positioned near the site. The interpretation from the topographic analysis (Figures 1A and 2A) showed the traces of the Palos Verdes Fault as being linear while the Dibblee map infers the faulting to be curving from a north-south trend offshore to a more east-west trend onshore. Based on the literature search and evaluation of marine terrace 1 from Woodring, 1946, the site is on a marine isotope stage 5a wave cut marine terrace estimated to be approximately 80 ka. To summarize early pertinent investigations in the area, Stephenson and others, 1995, mapped a vague to moderately developed lineament composed of disengaged linear slopes and saddles seen on aerial photographs which were positioned between two seismic reflection profiles in the area. The investigators inferred a curvy trace seemingly based on topography and erosional features, excluding the geology. The fault line as mapped by Stephenson and others, if existing, would likely pass south of Anaheim Street near the south of the site. During Schultz’s (1937) investigation, he mapped the Whites Point sewer outfall tunnel and surface geology which trends southerly, west of the site. The tunnel should transect any projection of faulting that may cross the site. Though Shultz recognized faults along the tunnel excavation, he showed no faults near the 5-Point Intersection or in the area of the AGI study (Figure 2), further indicating the absence of faults at depth.

3.5 Structural Geology Analysis The site is located in the southwestern block of the Los Angeles Basin in the northern Peninsular Range Geomorphic Province of California. This area is merging with the Transverse Range Geomorphic Province of California to the north. Geologic structures at the site and vicinity, including faulting and folding, are discussed in the following sections. During the Miocene, the area underwent tension where large sub-marine basins developed with normal faulting. The area underwent compression during the Pliocene, inverting the normal faulting into strike-slip and thrust faults. Many of the blind thrusts in the Los Angeles Basin had their origin after this period. During the Holocene and Pleistocene, the compression continued, resulting in the strike-slip and thrust fault-related earthquake activity of today.

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3.5.1 PALOS VERDES AND OTHER FAULTS Geologic research suggested that three fault systems have been recognized in the surrounding Palos Verdes Hills. The first system consists of normal faults that dip steeply to the north or south with variable strike. The second system is a set of normal faults that dip very steeply easterly. The third set consists of small thrust faults that dip to the north or south. The thrust faulting is most likely to be the youngest faulting out of the three systems while the normal faulting the oldest. The largest fault feature near the site was the NAPS onshore portion of the Palos Verdes Fault. This fault was a secondary structural feature to the Inferred Palos Verdes Fault on the north side of the Palos Verdes Peninsula. As the Palos Verdes Fault trended onshore from the Los Angeles Harbor, it diverged from its generally northerly trend to a more westerly trend north of the Gaffey Anticline. Where the NAPS started its divergence to the west, the Palos Verdes Fault converged with the Inferred Strand of the Palos Verdes Fault. A more detailed analysis suggested the Palos Verdes fault onshore Inferred Segment converged with the Thums Huntington Beach (THB) Fault east of the Gaffey Anticline and south of the study area. The Palos Verdes Fault had a dextral (right slip) wrench or strike-slip movement while the THB Fault trended along the southern edge of the offshore Wilmington oil field in a west to northwesterly trend onshore toward the Gaffey Anticline. The THB Fault has been mapped as a concealed subsurface thrust fault or an offshore blind thrust fault. At this time, little was known about the age of activity of the onshore Palos Verdes Fault systems in the area so it was not known at this time whether or not the NAPS or the Inferred Strand of the Palos Verdes Fault or the THB Fault had Holocene movement (see Figure 8A). In this investigation, a combination of seismic surveys and subsurface explorations, as discussed later in this report, were used to determine whether or not faulting associated with the NAPS or other faults that may cross the site moved during the Holocene.

3.5.2 GAFFEY ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE The principal structural features of the area were the Gaffey Anticline and the resultant Gaffey Syncline. Both structures were further south of the site. The anticline consisted of a broad up-warping feature. This anticline was the only oil producing geological structure in the Palos Verdes Hills. The Gaffey Oil field was a minor contributor to oil production of the area with the Torrance and Wilmington anticlines, to the north and east respectively, being major oil producers of the area. Geological literature reviewed suggested that the Gaffey Anticline had continuously uplifted since the end of the Miocene and may still be uplifting. The Gaffey Anticline could be seen trending to the northwest along an elevated ridge located south of the site. The Gaffey Syncline was located to the south of the Gaffey

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Anticline. The Gaffey Syncline was presently in a low lying generally east-west valley, where the axis was located in the lowest portion of a valley. Both folds followed the regional trend of the Wilmington and Torrance anticlines and oil fields. The sequence of faulting, jointing and folding (not associated with the Gaffey folds) in the area consisted of pre-Miocene faulting and jointing within the Catalina Schist basement rock. After the deposition of Miocene rock, there was widespread intrusion of the basaltic sills. As the sills cooled, another set of joints developed within the basalt. After the Miocene, but before the Pleistocene, the minor folding and erosion of the older folded structures in the area developed. Normal faulting proceeded, trending in the direction of the incipient Gaffey Anticline. During the late Pleistocene and possibly and into the Holocene, folding associated with the Gaffey Anticline and Syncline continued. The lowest terrace to the north of the anticline was not deformed following emergence and deposition of the non-marine cover throughout the Palos Verdes Hills. An antecedent stream’s flow was great enough to breach the Gaffey Anticline during uplift, forming the valley that Gaffey Street was positioned along, which ran into the southern portion of the Los Angeles Harbor West Basin. The anticline’s continuous growth and the possibility of decreasing of the stream flow through the Gaffey Valley resulted in slowing down the headwater erosion process which overwhelmed the breaching of the anticline and impounding of the stream. The stream diverted for a period of time into the northern portion of the West Basin which eventually was breached forming the Bixby Slough (see Figure 2A).

3.6 Aerial Photo Analysis Oblique aerial photos from the UCLA Benjamin and Gladys Thomas Aerial Photo Archives were examined to evaluate the site for the surface trace of the mapped NAPS portion of the Palos Verdes Fault and other geomorphic features that may exist. The 1923 vintage Fairchild photo view was to the north and showed Bixby Slough as being nearly dry to the west (left) with a lake to the east (right). The pounding of water to the east and dry lake beds to the west indicated that the paleo Los Angeles River was downward to the east along the southern limb of the slough. The site was on a flat terrace surface that may have been capped with fill possibly during the excavation of the Red Car Trolley that cut along the west and south edges of the property. The east and west stream channels were breached and were not flowing into the west basin of the Los Angeles Harbor (see Photo 1B). The 1935 vintage Spence photo showed the slough water levels high with the site plowed with possible crops growing. The red dashed line is placed along a triangular facet and a lineation of erosional rills to the west trending off elevated terraces to the south and a bend in the west stream valley. Though facet may be erosional, it lines up with distinct linear features. The blue arrows on the right illustrate the Pleistocene flow of the west Gaffey Valley while the blue arrows to the left show two episodes of stream flow from the Paleo Los Angeles River into the present Los Angeles Harbor (see Photo 2B). The

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1951 vintage Spence photo (Photo 3B) showed a better view of the escarpment along the north side of the Palos Verdes Hills. The 1941 vintage Spence photo showed the slough full as the result of the March 5, 1941 Great Flood. The Harbor Park Historical Photo website suggested that the slough water level was at elevation 21.2 feet which submerged a dam that had a top elevation of 10.5 feet. A road cut was noticed to the north of the site. The power or telephone poles crossing the lake were partially submerged. The road went through a large cut from the lake to the trolley track north of the water tank. The Torrance Oil Field to the north was marked by the abundant oil derricks. At the site, a water well and water reservoir was present (see Photo 4B). Another flood event during the early 1990’s was also noted from the Harbor Park Historical Photos website. The 1951 vintage Spence photo showed a landfill just east of the site and the dam that was submerged in the 1941 photos with the lakeside brushed and clean of debris. The cut north of the site showed erosion. To summarize early pertinent investigations in the area, Stephenson and others, 1995 mapped a vague to moderately developed lineament composed of disengaged linear slopes and saddles between his two seismic investigations. This lineament can be seen on aerial photographs in the area. Stephenson inferred a curvy trace of the NPAS fault, seemingly based on topography and erosional features, but excluding the geology. The fault line as mapped by the Stephenson and others, if existing, would likely pass south of Anaheim Street south of the site property lines.

3.7 Seismic Reflection and Refraction Profiles The seismic reflection profile in Figure 5 showed subsurface reflections from geologic layering within the San Pedro Formation. A stronger-amplitude, yellow-highlighted reflection pattern was visible across most of the transect line. The core log data from Boring B4 shows this reflection pattern to be associated with a saturated, coarser-grained sand layer within the San Pedro Formation. Across the site, this layer is more than 60 feet below the ground surface, and also appears to be denser than the formation above and shows north dip which is consistent with San Pedro bedding mapped by Dibblee to the north of the site. Above this layer, a continuous reflection pattern from the upper, weathered surface of the San Perdo Formation was not visible. This was most likely due to a weak density and seismic velocity contrast across this upper, weather surface. However, below this layer, another stronger, purple-highlighted reflection pattern was visible from deeper bedding within the San Pedro Formation. Our interpretation of subsurface faulting was made based on the sharper offsets visible on the yellow-highlighted reflection surface, the alignment of deeper reflection discontinuities, and possible fault plane reflection patterns dipping to the south. Three fault plane orientations were interpreted dipping to the south as shown on the reflection profile in Figure 5. The orientations of these fault planes also appear to be supported by seismic velocity variations on the refraction tomography profile in Figure 5. Between

Page 12

transect line distances 225 and 525 feet, the deeper seismic velocity variations are probably caused by deformation from the two lower-angle, south-dipping faults. The lower velocity area on the south edge of the refraction profile is probably caused by channeling associated with the paleo Los Angeles River and not faulting. The southern fault, located just north of the bridge, initially appeared to be a fault plane that could project upward near the ground surface. Based on this possibility, CPT-1 through CPT-4 and Boring B1 were located in this area to investigate possible discontinuities in younger layering; however, discontinuities in the younger layering above this fault pattern were not found. Therefore, this southern fault (if it exists) is a deeper fault within the San Pedro Formation and is not considered to be active. The two other, lower-angle, south-dipping faults interpreted to the north also appear to represent deeper faulting that exists only within the San Pedro Formation. If these faults were to approach the surface they would also intersect the ground surface at a point well beyond 50-feet north of the site.

3.8 Cone Penetration Tests and Continuous Cores Following the completion of the seismic reflection and refraction survey 20 CPT soundings and four continuous core boring were completed. The seismic survey, CPT soundings, and borings were positioned along a southwest-northeast transect line positioned approximately perpendicular to the NAPS trend south of the site. The CPTs were spaced at approximately 18 feet apart but increased in spacing to the north onto park property. Boring B1 was located in an area where the seismic reflection profile indicated evidence of a deeper fault near the south edge of the property near the bridge. This fault appears to offset bedding in the upper part of the San Pedro Formation at a distance 150 feet along the transect line (Figure 5). Boreholes B2 and B3 were drilled where the CPT data indicated that the upper sediments began to trend upward to the north. Borehole B4 was located to calibrate with the CPT logs in the northern portion of the transect line. The CPT soundings and borings encountered four discrete geologic units: Artificial Fill (af), Young Alluvium (Qal), Sand Dune deposits (Qe), and San Pedro Formation (Qsp), youngest to oldest, respectively. These fluvial and alluvial fan sediments, excluding the artificial fill and shallow marine San Pedro Formation, were derived from the Palos Verdes Hills to the south and the fluvial systems transported to the area from the paleo Los Angeles River. The sequences are described below starting from the youngest (Artificial Fill) to the oldest (San Pedro Formation) as documented in the continuous cores and the CPTs, and as depicted in the Geologic Cross-Section A-A’ in Plate 1. The combination of the CPT and continuous core data were compiled and presented in the following sections.

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4.0 SITE GEOLOGY

4.1 ARTIFICIAL FILL DEPOSITS (af) The site is capped by artificial fill composed of reworked native soils and detritus (Plate 1, Geologic Cross-Section A-A’). This deposit ranges from 10 feet thick along the southern portion of Cross-Section A-A’ to around 5 feet to the north. The fill terminates off the site just north of the property line in the Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Park.

4.2 YOUNG ALLUVIUM (Qal) A wedge of adobe rich sediments was present along the southern portion of the site as seen on Cross-Section A-A’. This young alluvium deposit noted as Qal(c) consisted of well consolidated black clay with reworked siliceous gravels and some sand and silt most likely derived from the Palos Verdes Hills. The Qal(c) graded downward to a silty to sandy clay which is designated as Qal(ss) as seen on Cross-Section A-A’. There is a sharp contact on the CPT logs (separating (c) and (ss) deposits on Cross-Section A’A’) that indicates the transition from clay to silty clay could be an erosional contact. This transition could very well be on an erosional surface most likely eroded from fluvial or erosional processes not related to the down cutting of the Gaffey Valley or the gradual uplift of the area. The erosional contact with the lower deposits consists of Clay Bed A which is continuous, but thinning between CPT-1 and CPT-9. The age of Clay Bed A is undetermined and could have been deposited sometime in the Holocene or late Pleistocene. There were no indications that the bed was broken from active faulting.

4.3 OLDER DUNE DEPOSITS (Qe) The CPTs and continuous cores showed a deposit of poorly sorted fine-grained sand along the mid to northern section of the traverse, as indicated along Cross-Section A-A’. This eolian deposit had a granitic composition with abundant quartz and minor fractions of feldspars and granite lithic particles when examined under a hand lens. Since the Palos Verdes Hills do not have a granitic source to supply this deposit, it is suggested that the source of the eolian sand was mostly from fluvial process bringing down sediments from the ancient Los Angeles River at its sources to the north.

Down cutting of the Bixby Slough or the continuation of sand dunes along the coast to the west could be an alternate source of the dune sand. If the sands originated from fluvial transport and the down cutting from the ancient Los Angeles River, the sand deposits could be a mix of Pleistocene and Holocene in age. The clay seam down the center of this deposit is continuous and not broken from faulting and may be the erosional contact between the Holocene and the Pleistocene (see Cross-Section A-A’).

The eolian sands have been documented during soil surveys in the Los Angeles Basin as coming from the coast and being blown to the east, with grain sizes which decreased from a mixture of medium and fine-grained sand along the coast, to fine grained as deposited farther to the east. The eolian sediments were deposited on top of Clay Bed B on top of the San Pedro Formation. This bed was continuous in the north but underwent

Page 14

thinning between CPT-5 and CPT-10 most likely due to erosional processes. Since Clay Bed B sat unconformably on top of the San Pedro Formation, it is reasonable to conclude that Clay Bed B marks the marine isotope stage 5a high sea level erosion platform which has been estimated to be approximately 80 ka in age. Also, since Clay Bed B was continuous and not broken by faulting, it is reasonable to conclude that faulting, if present, below Clay Bed B is older than 80 ka or not active. This eolian deposit terminated at CPT-5 and thickened northerly to CPT-20.

At CPT-5, Clay Bed A cut Clay Bed B with an unconformable erosional contact which is another indicator that Clay Bed A is younger Clay Bed B. Hence, Clay Bed B terminated at CPT-5 and the younger Clay Bed A age was not determined at this time. Even though Bed A was not broken above the San Pedro Formation and is cut by Bed B, a determination of the age if Bed A was not clear.

4.4 SAN PEDRO FORMATION (Qsp) The lower to mid Pleistocene San Pedro Formation was a deltaic deposit prograding northwest to southeast along the northeast flank of the Palos Verdes Hills and was deposited in a confined syn-depositional basin between the Palos Verdes and the Newport-Inglewood fault trends as suggested by Ponti (2008). The deposit was uplifted from its shallow marine environment approximately 400 ka to 200 ka. The San Pedro Formation was widespread along the north flanks of the Palos Verdes Hills and was a prime source of sand and gravel. This formation had lenses of Pleistocene bivalve pelecypod and gastropod fragments as found in the core samples which were indicators of its shallow marine environment. Two dominant clay seams were found along bedding within the San Pedro Sands between CPT-1 and CPT-8 as seen on Cross Section A-A’. These clay seams were found to be continuous and unbroken. The seams have an apparent dip of between 6 and 9 degrees. Referring to the geology map of Dibblee, the dip of the beds in the general vicinity was to the north with a dip from 5 to 9 degrees which indicated the trend of Cross-Section A-A’ was in a regional direction of dip from south to north. Additionally, the clay seams between CPT-1 and CPT-8 within the San Pedro Formation were continuous and unbroken, demonstrating no faulting has broken the clay seams since the later part of the middle Pleistocene. This finding supports the conclusion that the deeper faulting shown on the seismic reflection profile in Plate 1 near transect distance 150 feet is a not active.

5.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the foregoing assessment, the following summary and recommendations are made with regard to the presence or absence of active faults in the area investigated at the site near the 5-Point Intersection:

Based on aerial photograph analysis and literature review with field investigations, no geomorphic evidence of surface faulting was found on the site or the area investigated 50 feet north of the site. Since the southern off-site area

Page 15

was inundated with utility right-of-ways, bridge bents and the old trolley right of way, seismic profiling methods were used to evaluate whether or not subsurface faulting was present 50 feet to the south of the site.

The seismic reflection profile across the site (which extended beyond 50 feet north and south of the site) revealed evidence of deeper faulting within the San Pedro Formation from a similar time period. A south-dipping fault plane was interpreted north of the bridge near Boring B1. Two other lower-angle, south-dipping fault planes were also interpreted to the north. Based on our evaluation of the continuity of the younger clay layers and clay seams beneath this site (discussed above) this deeper faulting within San Pedro Formation is not considered active.

The site lies on the distal north limb of the Gaffey Anticline as indicated by the slight north tilting beds in the San Pedro Formation. The clay seams and beds above and within the San Pedro Formation did show episodes of erosion that could be a factor of uplift and/or variations in sea level during the Holocene and Pleistocene Epochs, but these layers do not appear to be broken by faulting.

Clay Bed B on top of the San Pedro Formation and the clay seams found along bedding within the San Pedro Formation were found to be good pre-Holocene time-line markers and found not to be broken by faulting as shown in Plate 1.

In summary, AGI’s investigation does not recommend imposing a 50-foot structural setback for the site due to active faulting.

6.0 LIMITATIONS The assessment of geologic and fault rupture conditions, in this report, reflects AGI’s professional opinions and is intended for use by Kuhr Properties, LLC. This report has been prepared solely for assessing fault rupture impact on the proposed development and does not contain sufficient information for environmental and geotechnical purposes. The recommendations shall not be extrapolated to areas not covered by this report, or used for other facilities, without the review and approval of AGI and Kuhr Properties, LLC. This report may be provided to state, county, and city agencies. AGI’s investigation and evaluations were performed in accordance with generally accepted local standards using the degree of care and skill ordinarily exercised under similar circumstances by reputable engineering geology and geophysical consulting firms practicing in this or similar localities. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional opinions presented in this report.

Page 16

7.0 REFERENCES Bryant, M.E., 1987, “Emergent marine terraces and Quaternary tectonics, Palos Verdes

Peninsula, California,” in Fisher, P.J., editor, Geology of Palos Verdes Peninsula and San Pedro Bay: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Volume and Guidebook 55, p. 63-70.

California Geological Survey, 2003, Geology map of the Long Beach 30x60 degree

Quadrangle, California, City of Los Angeles, Department of Building and Safety, 2013, Geology and soils

correction letter, Vesting Tentative Tract 71886, Lots 1-20, 26900 Western Avenue: Log # 78625.

City of Los Angeles, Department of Building and Safety, 2015a, Geology and soils

correction letter, Vesting Tentative Tract 71886, 26900 Western Avenue: Log # 78625-01 (January 14, 2015).

City of Los Angeles, Department of Building and Safety, 2015, Geology and soils

correction letter, Vesting Tentative Tract 71886, 26900 Western Avenue: Log # 78625-03 (June 19, 2015).

Cleveland, G.B., 1976, “Geology of the northeast part of the Palos Verdes Hills, Los

Angeles County, California”: Calif. Div. Mines and Geol. Map Sheet 2. Dibblee, T.W. Jr., 1999, Geologic map of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and vicinity,

Redondo Beach, Torrance, and San Pedro Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California, Dibblee Geological Foundation, Camarillo, CA.

Group Delta Consultants, Inc., 2011, “Geotechnical engineering and fault rupture hazard

study report, environmental impact study, proposed Ponte Vista residential development, San Pedro area, City of Los Angeles, California”: Consultant’s Technical Report, dated June 23, 2011, GDC Project No. L-923.

Group Delta Consultants, Inc., 2012, “Geotechnical engineering and fault rupture hazard

study report, environmental impact study, proposed Ponte Vista residential development, San Pedro area, City of Los Angeles, California”: Consultant’s Technical Report, dated June 23, 2011, Revised June 25, 2012, GDC Project No. L-923.

Harbor Park Historical Photos, http://www.utopianature.com/kmhrp/historical.html Harden, J.W., Sarna-Wojciecki, A.M., and Dembrofff, 1986, “Soil developed on coastal

and fluvial terraces near Ventura, California”: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1590-B, 34p.

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Jennings, C.W., 1994, Fault Activity Map of California and Adjacent Areas, California

Division of Mines and Geology Data Map 6. Lajoie, K.R., Ponti, D.J., Powell II, C.K., Mathieson, S.A., and Sarna-Wojciecki, S.A.,

1991, “Emergent marine strandlines and associated sediments, coastal California: A record of Quaternary sea-level fluctuations, vertical tectonic movements, climatic changes, and coastal processes,” in Heath, E.G. and Lewis, W.L., editors, The Regressive Pleistocene Shoreline: South Coast Geological Soc. Field Trip Guide Book No.20, p. 81-104.

Martin-Chivelet, J., Palma, R.M., Lopez-Gomez, J., and Klietzmann, 2010, “Earthquake-

induced soft-sediment deformation structures in Upper Jurassic open-marine microbialites” (Neuquen Basin: Sedimentary Geology, v. 235, p.210-221.

McBride, E.F., 2003, “Pseudo faults resulting from compartmentalized Liesegang bands:

update”: Sed. Impact Factor, v.50(4). P.725-730.e McNeilan, T.W., Rockwell, T.K., and Resnick, G.S., 1996, “Style and rate of Holocene

slip, Palos Verdes fault, southern California,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 101, 8317-8334.

Muhs, D.R., 1982, “A soil chronosequence on Quaternary marine terraces, San Clemente

Island, California”: Geoderma, 28, p.257-283. Muhs, D.R., Rockwell, T.K., and Kennedy, G.L., 1992, “Late Quaternary uplift rates of

marine terraces on the Pacific Coast of North America, southern Oregon to Baja California Sur”: Quat. Inter, v.15/16, p.121-133.

Petra Geosciences, Inc., 2014, “Fault Report”: Consultant’s Technical Report, dated

December 24, 2014, P.N. 13-107. Petra Geosciences, Inc., 2015, “Response Fault Report”: Consultant’s Technical Report,

dated January 27, 2015, P.N. 13-107. Ponti, D.J., 2008, “The ‘type’ San Pedro Sand on the Palos Verdes Peninsula: How

characteristic is It?”: AAPG Search and Discovery Article #90076c2008, AAPG Pacific Section, Bakersfield, California, 1p.

Shultz, J.R., 1937, “Geology of the Whites Point Outfall Sewer Tunnel,” Thesis, Caltech,

pp, 44 with plates. Shlemon, R.J., 2004, “Terraces and tectonics: The Quaternary record of the Palos Verdes

Hills, California,” in Brown, A.R., editor, Palos Verdes Peninsula: Fabulous Geology in a Beautiful Setting: Los Angeles Basin Geological Soc. Field Trip Guide Book, June 26, 2004, p. 25-40.

Page 18

Southern California Edison, 2013, Preliminary Marine Terrace Report, Palos Verdes

Peninsula, California to Punta Banda, Baja California, San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, Seismic Research Project.

Stephenson, W.J., Rockwell, T.K., Odum, J.K., Shedlock, K.M., and Okaya, D.A., 1995,

“Seismic reflection and geomorphic characterization of the onshore Palos Verdes fault zone, Los Angeles, California,” Bull. Seis. Amer., 85, 3, 943-950.

The J. Byer Group, Inc. (2005), "Preliminary Geotechnical Engineering Exploration,

Proposed Multi-Family Residential Development, Lot 1, Tract 3192, 26900 South Western Avenue, San Pedro, California", for Bisno Development Company, LLC. The J. Byer Group, Inc. Project Number JB 20111-13, Dated June 21, 2005.

Treiman, J.J., and Lundberg, M.M., 1998b, Fault number 128b, Palos Verdes fault zone,

Palos Verdes Hills section, in Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States: U.S. Geol. Survey. Website, http//earthquakes.usgs.gov/regional/faults.

Ward, S.N., and Valensise, G., 1994, ‘The Palos Verdes terraces, California: Bathtub

rings from a buried reverse fault,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 44854494. Ward, S.N., and Valensise, G., 1996, “Progressive growth of San Clemente Island,

California, by blind thrust faulting: implications for fault slip partitioning in the California borderland”: Geophysical Research Int, v. 126, p. 712-734.

Woodring, W.P., Bramlette, M.N., and Kew, W.S.W., 1946, “Geology and paleontology

of the Palos Verdes Hills, California,” U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 207, 145 pp. Aerial Photos The aerial photos used in this study were from the UCLA Geography Department’s Benjamin and Gladys Thomas Aerial Photo Collection. The aerial photos were obliques flown by Spence and Fairchild Companies. 4-7-1923 C-400 Fairchild 4-7-1935 E-6026 Spence 7-16-1941 0-7576 Spence 6-15-1951 0-12160 Spence 7-6-1951 0-12229 Spence

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650-100

-50

0

50

-100

-50

0

50

Seismic Reflection and Refraction Profiles

App

roxi

mat

e E

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(fee

t)

Figure 5Advanced Geoscience, Inc.

Seismic Compressional-Wave Velocity Profile (ft/sec)

Seismic Reflection Profile (Approximately Converted to Depth)

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Datum Elev. 57

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Transect Distance (feet)

Kuhr Properties LLC Fault Investigation26378 South Vermont Avenue, Harbor City, CAReflections from San Pedro Formation Bedding

Interpretation of Possible Faulting

57

Profiles Shown at Same Horizontal Positioning along TransectScale Horizontal and Vertical 1 inch= 50 feet

South North

Bridge Foundation

Bridge Foundation

APPENDIX A

Topographic and Geologic Maps

Figure 1A

United States Geological Survey 15 Minute Quadrangle, Redondo, 1896 (Scale Unknown). Shows Inferred and Alternate Palos Verdes Faults based on steep topographic escarpments.

Inferred PV Fault

Alternate PV Fault

Site

Figure 2A

Los Angeles County (93-N-11) 6 Minute Quadrangle, Wilmington, 1923 (Scale Unknown).

Alternate PV Fault

Inferred PV Fault

Aborted Paleo Channels of ancient LA River

Site

Figure 3A

United States Geological Survey 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Torrance, 2012 (Scale Unknown).

Site

Figure 4A

United States Department of Agriculture, Los Angeles County Soil Survey Map, 1903 (Scale Unknown).

Site

Figure 5A

Portion of the Geology Map and northern section of cross-section E-E’ (Scale Unknown) from; Woodring, W.P., Bramlette, M.N., and Kew, W.S.W., 1946, Geology and paleontology of the Palos Verdes Hills, California, U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 207, 145 pp.

Site

Figure 6A

Portion of the Geology Map and northern section of cross section D-D’ (Scale Unknown) from; Dibblee, T.W. Jr., 1999, Geologic map of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and vicinity, Redondo Beach, Torrance, and San Pedro Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California, Dibblee Geological Foundation, Camarillo, CA.

Site

Figure 7A

Portion of Terrace Map and cross section I-I’ (Scale Unknown) from Woodring, W.P., Bramlette, M.N., and Kew, W.S.W., 1946, Geology and paleontology of the Palos Verdes Hills, California, U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 207, 145 pp.

Site

Figure 8A

Generalized Structural Geology Map of the Palos Verdes Hills, Port of Los Angeles, 2008, Pacific L.A. Marine Terminal LLC Crude Oil Terminal Draft SEIS/SEIR 3.5-3.

Site

Gaffey Anticline

APPENDIX B

Aerial Photos

Photo 1B looking North (4-7-23)

Photo 2B Looking South (4-7-35)

Photo 3B Looking West (6-15-51)

Photo 4B Looking North (7-6-41)

Photo 4B Blown Up

Photo 5B Looking North (7-16-51)

Photo 5B Blown Up

APPENDIX C

CPT Data Logs for CPT-1 through CPT-20

APPENDIX D

Boring Logs for Borings B1, B2, B3, and B4

Project: Kuhr Fault Investigation

Project Location: 26378 South Vermont Ave. Harbor City, CA

Project Number: 2015-101

Log of Boring B1

Date(s) Drilled 12-28-15

Drilling Method

Hollow stem auger/Continuous Coring

Drill Rig Type Marl M-10

Groundwater Level and Date Measured

Borehole Backfill Cuttings

Logged By Steven Kolthoff and Rob Curren

Drill Bit Size/Type 8.75 inch

Drilling Contractor Gregg Drilling & Testing, Inc.

Sampling Method(s) 3-inch diameter core barrel

Location

Checked By Steven Kolthoff, CEG

Total Depth of Borehole 60 feet

Approximate Surface Elevation 54 feet

Hammer Data

REMARKS

Core runs 5' and 2.5' depending on recovery conditions

Gra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

0801/0803

0810/0811

0813/0814

0828/0830

0837/0839

Cor

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ecov

ery

3.6'/5'

4.6'/5'

4.7'/5'

5'/5'

5'/5'

MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

Artificial Fill Mixture of sand, silt, clay and gravel, with abundant roots with layers of asphalt and concrete particles. Dry. Color 5YR 8/1 to 10YR 4/3.

Young alluvium, Qal(c) Clay to silty clay, moist to humid, high adobe content, some white sub-rounded to sub-angular white siliceous shale and limestone gravels, gravels are suspended in adobe matrix. Mild soil development. Color brown to dark brown 10YR 4/3

Young Alluvium, Qal(ss) Grades to fine-grained sandy clay to clayey fine sand. Moist.

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54

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39

34

29

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gs.tp

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Figure B-1

Sheet 1 of 3

ADVANCED GEOSCIENCE, INC

24701 Crenshaw Blvd. Torrance, CA 90505

(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B1

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

0844/0847

0852/0855

0904/0907

0908/0911

0916/0918

0921/0924

0928/0932

0939/0942

0946/0948

0950/0954

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

3.5'/5'

2.3'/5'

2.5'/2.5'

1.5'/2.5'

2.5'/2.5'

1.9'/2.5'

2.5'2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

1.8'/2.5'


Clay Bed A Clay to silty clay, stiff to hard. Color strong brown 7.5YR 5/6 to light gray to gray 10YR 6/1.

San Pedro Formation, Qsp Coarse to medium-grained sand, with some gravels. Gravels consist of limestone and siliceous shales with some green schist.

at 32' Clay Seam Clay to silty clay, with thin sand beds. Clay greenish gray 5GY 5/1 and sand light olive brown 2.5Y 5/6.

at 41' Clay Seam Same as above

Dep

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55

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Figure B-1

Sheet 2 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B1

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1004/1006

1009/1012

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2.5'/2.5'

1.8'/2.5'


Sand Pedro Formation Qsp Same as above

End of Boring at 60 feet. No groundwater encountered. Non-recovery intervals calibrated to CPT logs to position contacts

Dep

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feet

)

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

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-6

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-16

-21

-26

-31

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\War

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gs.tp

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Figure B-1

Sheet 3 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Key to Log of Boring

REMARKSGra

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Log

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Tim

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Cor

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MATERIAL DESCRIPTIONDep

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

COLUMN DESCRIPTIONS

1 Elevation (feet): Elevation (MSL, feet).2 Depth (feet): Depth in feet below the ground surface.3 Sample Type: Type of sample collected at the depth interval

shown.4 Sample Number: Sample identification number.5 Run Times, Start/End: Start and ending 24 hour times of core run

6 Core Recovery: Lenght of core recovered/length of core run7 Graphic Log: Graphic depiction of the subsurface material

encountered.8 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION: Description of material encountered.

May include consistency, moisture, color, and other descriptivetext.

9 REMARKS: Comments and observations regarding drilling orsampling made by driller or field personnel.

FIELD AND LABORATORY TEST ABBREVIATIONS

CHEM: Chemical tests to assess corrosivityCOMP: Compaction testCONS: One-dimensional consolidation testLL: Liquid Limit, percent

PI: Plasticity Index, percentSA: Sieve analysis (percent passing No. 200 Sieve)UC: Unconfined compressive strength test, Qu, in ksfWA: Wash sieve (percent passing No. 200 Sieve)

MATERIAL GRAPHIC SYMBOLS

Lean CLAY, CLAY w/SAND, SANDY CLAY (CL)

AF

Clayey SAND to Sandy CLAY (SC-CL)

Well graded SAND (SW)

TYPICAL SAMPLER GRAPHIC SYMBOLS

Auger sampler

Bulk Sample

3-inch-OD California w/brass rings

CME Sampler

Grab Sample

2.5-inch-OD ModifiedCalifornia w/ brass liners

Pitcher Sample

2-inch-OD unlined splitspoon (SPT)

Shelby Tube (Thin-walled,fixed head)

OTHER GRAPHIC SYMBOLS

Water level (at time of drilling, ATD)

Water level (after waiting)

Minor change in material properties within astratum

Inferred/gradational contact between strata

? Queried contact between strata

GENERAL NOTES

1: Soil classifications are based on the Unified Soil Classification System. Descriptions and stratum lines are interpretive, and actual lithologic changes may begradual. Field descriptions may have been modified to reflect results of lab tests.2: Descriptions on these logs apply only at the specific boring locations and at the time the borings were advanced. They are not warranted to be representativeof subsurface conditions at other locations or times.

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Figure B-1

Sheet 1 of 1



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B2


Drilling Method





Logged By Steven Kolthoff/Rob Curren

Drill Bit Size/Type 8.75 inches



Location




Hammer Data

REMARKS


Gra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1151/1154

1159/1203

1205/1206

1214/1216

1221/1224

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

4.2'/5'

3'/5'

5'/5'

5'/5'

5'/5'


Artificial Fill Mixture of sand, silt, clay and gravel, abundant roots with layers of asphalt and concrete and rock particles. Color 10YR 5/6.

Young Alluvium, Qal(c) Clay to silty clay, moist to humid, high adobe content, with some white sub-rounded to sub-angular white siliceous shale and limestone gravels. Gravels are suspended in adobe matrix, mild soil development. Color dark brown 10YR 3/3

Young Alluvium, Qal(ss) Grades to a fine-grained sandy clay to clayey fine sand. Moist.

Clay Bed A

Dep

th (

feet

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Sam

ple

Num

ber

1

2

3

4

5

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

55

50

45

40

35

30

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Figure B-2

Sheet 1 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B2

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1236/1237

1239/1242

1247/1249

1255/1257

1306/1307

1311/1314

1321/1324

1326/1329

1331/1335

1337/1338

1352/1355

1400/1402

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2.5'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

2.5'/2.5'

2'/2.5'

2'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'

2.3'/2.5'

2'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

2.3'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

2.5'/2.5'



Eolian Deposits Qe Fine to medium-grained sand with some coarse sand. Coarse sand has granitic composition, liesegang bands along cross bedding.

Clay Bed B Clay to silty clay, stiff to hard. Color strong brown 7.5YR 5/6 to light gray to gray 10YR 6/1.

San Pedro Formation Qsp Coarse to medium-grained sand, with some gravels. Gravels consist of limestone and siliceous shales with some green schist.

At 38.8' Abundant sea shell fragments

At 39.8' Clay Seam Clay to silty clay with thin sand beds. Clay color greenish gray 5GY 5/1 and sand color light olive brown 2.5Y 5/6.

At 49.5' Clay Seam Same as above

Dep

th (

feet

)

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Sam

ple

Num

ber

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Sam

ple

Typ

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Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

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Figure B-2

Sheet 2 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B2

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1407/1410

1412/1415

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2.5'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'


San Pedro Formation, Qsp Same as above


Dep

th (

feet

)

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

Sam

ple

Num

ber

18

19

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

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Figure B-2

Sheet 3 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B3


Drilling Method









Location




Hammer Data

REMARKS


Gra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

0753/0754

0801/0802

0806/0808

0813/0815

1057/1102

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

3.3'/3.5'

4.2'/5'

4.6'/5'

5'/5'

5'/5'


Artificial Fill Mixture of sand, silt, clay and gravel, abundant roots with layers of asphalt and concrete and rock particles. Dry. Color 10 YR 6/3

Young Alluvium, Qal(c) Clay to silty clay, moist to humid, high adode content, some white sub-rounded to sub-angular white siliceous shale and limestone gravels. Gravels are suspended in adobe matrix. Mild soil development. Color dark brown 10YR 3/3.

Young Alluvium, Qal(ss) Grades to a fine-grained sandy clay to clayey fine sand. Moist

Clay Bed A

Dep

th (

feet

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Sam

ple

Num

ber

1

2

3

4

5

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

55

50

45

40

35

30

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Figure B-3

Sheet 1 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B3

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1107/1109

1112/1115

0845/0846

0851/0852

0858/0900

0902/0904

0910/0912

0916/0918

0917/0919

0928/0931

0937/0940

0943/0945

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2.5'/2.5'

2.5'/2.5'

2.3'/2.5'

2'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

1.7'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'

1.6'/2.5'

2.3'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'

2.3'/2.5'

1.8'/2.5'



San Pedro Formation, Qsp Coarse to medium-grained sand with some gravels. Gravels consist of limestone and siliceous shales with some green schist.

At 39.8' Clay Seam Clay to silty clay, with thin sand beds. Color clay greenish gray 5GY 5/1 color sand light olive brown 2.5Y 5/6.

At 49.5' Clay Seam Same as above

Dep

th (

feet

)

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Sam

ple

Num

ber

6

6.5

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

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Figure B-3

Sheet 2 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B3

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

0950/0952

0956/0958

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2.2'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'




Dep

th (

feet

)

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

Sam

ple

Num

ber

17

18

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

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Figure B-3

Sheet 3 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B4


Drilling Method



Groundwater Level and Date Measured 68 feet






Location




Hammer Data

REMARKS


Qal(ss) was not encountered.

Gra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1239/1240

1246/1247

1250/1252

1257/1259

1304/1306

1307/1308

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

3.3'/2.5'

5'/5'

4.1'/5'

5'/5'

2.2'/2.5'

1.7'/2.5'


Artificial Fill Mixture of sand, silt, clay and gravel, abundant roots with layers of asphalt and concrete particles. Color 10YR 5/3.

Young Alluvium, Qal(c) Clay to silty clay, moist to humid, high adobe content, some white sub-rounded to sub-angular white siliceous shale and limestone gravels. Gravels are suspended in adobe matrix. Mild soil development. Color brown to dark brown 10YR 4/3

Clay Bed A Clay to silty clay, stiff to hard. Color Olive yellow 2.5Y 6/8.

Eolian Deposits Qe Fine to medium grained sand with some coarse sand. Coarse sand has granitic composition, liesegang bands along cross bedding.

Dep

th (

feet

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Sam

ple

Num

ber

1

2

3

4

5

6

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

53

48

43

38

33

28

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Figure B-4

Sheet 1 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B4

REMARKSGra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1313/1315

1318/1319

1321/1322

1333/1334

1340/1342

1345/1346

1348/1350

1400/1403

1409/1411

1417/1420

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

2'/2.5'

1.7'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'

2.1'/2.5'

1.2'/2.5'

1.1'/2.5'

2'/2.5'

1.7'/2.5'

2.5'/5'

2.5'/5'


Eolian Deposits Qe Fine to medium grained sand with some coarse sand. Coarse sand has granitic composition, liesegang bands along cross bedding.

Clay Bed B Clay to silty clay, stiff to hard. Color strong brown 7.5YR 5/6 to light gray to gray 10YR 6/1.

San Pedro Formation, Qsp Coarse to medium-grained sand, with some gravels. Gravels consist of limestone and siliceous shales with some green schist.

At 47' Fine-grained, thin bedded sand.

At 53', Clay Seam Clay to silty clay, mottled. Color white 2.5Y 8/0 to light olive brown 2.5Y 5/6

Dep

th (

feet

)

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Sam

ple

Num

ber

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

28

23

18

13

8

3

-2

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gs.tp

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Figure B-4

Sheet 2 of 3



(310) 378-7480




Log of Boring B4

REMARKS

Formation heaved into drill stem annulus below groundwater.

Gra

phic

Log

Run

Tim

es, S

tart

/End

1427/1429

1440/1442

1446/1448

1458/1501

1509/1512

1518/1521

Cor

e R

ecov

ery

3'/5'

2.5'/5'

2.2'/2.5'

1.7'/2.5'

2.2'/2.5'

1.1'/2.5'



End of boring at 75 feet. Non-recovery intervals calibrated to CPTs to position contacts.

Groundwater encountered at 68'

Dep

th (

feet

)

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

Sam

ple

Num

ber

17

18

19

20

21

22

Sam

ple

Typ

e

Ele

vatio

n (f

eet)

-2

-7

-12

-17

-22

-27

-32

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Figure B-4

Sheet 3 of 3



(310) 378-7480

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