Agriculture Sector Of Pakistan

By: Marjan Arbab Lecturer, BUITEMS

Farm Mechanization • Use of Machines for conduction agricultural

operations and Replacing Human and Animal Labour– harvesting, Thrashing, Levelling , Spraying etc.

• Farm Mechanical Technology includes:

I. Chemical Technology==Plant Protection Measure

II. Hydrological Technology=Tubewells, Irrigation System

III. Mechanical Technology Tractor, Bulldozer, Thrashers etc.

Modern Machinery

Argument For Farm Mechanization 1. Increases the Volume of

Production2. Encourage Multiple Croping3. Greater Land Cultivation4. Increase in Labor Productivity5. Reduction in Cost6. Increase in Come

Argument Against Farm Mech.1. Increase in Unemployment2. Initial Costs of Mahinery is High3. Applying the Machinery on

Large Scale is Long term process.

4. Problem of Diversion of Capital from industrial to Agricultural.

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Pakistan And Its Land

Strategies for Developing Countries

Case 1:

1. Area with surplus labour 1. Use new seeds2. Fertilizers3. Water management

– These can Increase productivity even with traditional Cultivation.

Strategies cont.

• Case 2:• Area where Land needs to be

levelled• Bulldozers • Thrashers

– Less labour is required for such work of leveling the land for cultivation

Strategies Cont.• Case 3:

• Area where River Irrigation Water is not available than:

• Condition of Sweet Groud water– Installation of Tubewells is very Effective

» Quetta, Baluchistan Ghabargh (Airport side) ground water sourness gives less productivity in fruits and grops.

GREEN REVOLUTION• The Technological Breakthrough by

Dr norman Borlaung in evolving Seeds of High Yielding Variety tied with the use of Fertilizers and pesticides brought a revolution in Agri. output which is known as GREEN REVOLTUION.

• For Wheat Seeds were imported from Mexico and Philippines for Rice production

Factors of Green Revolution1. Miracle SeedsHigh yielding Variety

Seeds used2. Agricultural Research Better

Method of controlling insects3. Fertilizers Chemical Fertilizers4. Multiple Cropping5. Modern Machinery6. Institutional Changes land

reformation

Impact of Green Revolution• Increase in Production• Social imbalances Reduced• Impact on Employment• Increase in Investment• Economic Stability• Social Welfare