COMPRESSED AIR VEHICLE: VIEW & WHY NOT SO IN USE

Under Guidance Of:Mr. Bhupesh KumarDept. of Mechanical Engg.

Submitted By:Sachin GargMechanical 4th year116248

SEMINAR: MEH801

References1.Haisheng Chen et al. “Air fuelled zero emission road transportation: A comparative study”, Applied Energy 88 (2011), 24 June 2010, pp: 337–342

2. Amir Fazeli et al. “A novel compression strategy for air hybrid engines” Applied Energy 88 (2011), 8 March 2011, pp: 2955–2966

3. Ulf Bossel “Thermodynamic Analysis of Compressed Air Vehicle Propulsion” European Fuel Cell Forum,Morgenacherstrasse 2F CH-5452 Oberrohrdorf/Switzerland, April 2, 2009

4.MDIEnterprisesS.A(http://www.mdi.lu/eng/afficheeng.php?page=minicats).Mdi.luRetrieved 2010-12-12.

5.www.theaircar.com

6.www. zeropollution.com

7.www.howstuffwork.com

8.www.thehindubusinessline.com

9.thefraserdomain.typepad.com

Outline INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM WITH GASOLINE

COMPRESSED AIR VECHICLECOMPRESSED AIR VECHICLE

BASIC PRINCIPLEBASIC PRINCIPLE

WORKING

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

Our world is facing fuel crisis, air pollution.

All kind of conventional source of fuel are on verge of exhaustion.

Gasoline is the primary source of fuel.

Gasoline is becoming more and more expensive and impractical.

Non Renewable Expensive Polluted

Problem With GASOLINE

Alternative energies

Air Energy

Solar Energy Electric Energy

COMPRESSED-AIR VEHICLE: A compressed-air vehicle is powered by an air engine,

using compressed air, which is stored in a tank. Instead of mixing fuel with air and burning it in the

engine to drive pistons with hot expanding gases. Compressed air vehicles (CAV) use the expansion of

compressed air to drive their pistons. One manufacturer claims to have designed an engine

that is 90 percent efficient.

BASIC PRINCIPLE:

First of all inflate a balloon Then the elastic skin of balloon is hold the air very

tightly from inside, but at the same time when use to create a hole through pin into it.

Then the air expands in the outward direction with so much energy that the balloon explodes

Compressing the gas into a small space is a way to store energy

If again the gas expands ,that’s mean energy is released to do work

That’s the basic principle behind it to makes the engine go.

WORKING:

Normally in off condition Solenoid valve air inlet hole are B and D and outlet hole are E and C.

CONT…

In ON condition Solenoid valve air inlet hole are B and E and outlet hole are Dand A.

CONT…

We weld two crankshafts and connect pneumatic cylinder with them and fix them on body frame with the help of bearing

POWER TRANSMISSION:

Cont…

ADVANTAGES FROM RESEARCH PAPERS: Bharat Raj Singh1 and JP Yadav2 (2011) in their endeavour

have evaluated the performance of compressed air engines.

Their preliminary analysis based on the prototype calculation shows that around 3 cubic metre of air at a pressure more than 30bar can give a mileage equivalent to one litre petrol i.e. Rs 64

Cost of production of one cubic metre of air at a pressure of 50bar is Rs 3.

Hence air of Rs 9 can give the mileage of Rs 64 of petrol.

1 Bharat Raj Singh, Associate Director, SMS Institute of Technology, Lucknow 2 JP Yadav, Associate Professor, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology

INFORMATION FROM OTHER RESEARCH PAPERS :Technical benefits: The temperature of the engine while working will be

slightly less than the ambient temperature. Smooth working of the engine due to very less wear and

tear of the components. There is no possibility of knocking. No need of cooling systems and spark plugs or Complex

fuel injection systems

CONT…

Air, on its own, is non-flammable, abundant economical, transportable, storable and, most importantly, nonpolluting.

Compressed air technology reduces the cost of vehicle production by about 20%, because there is no need to build a cooling system, fuel tank, spark plugs or silencers.

The mechanical design of the engine is simple and robust. Low manufacture and maintenance costs as well as easy

maintenance. Lighter vehicles would mean less abuse on roads, thus,

resulting in longer lasting roads. The price of fueling air powered vehicles will be significantly

cheaper than current fuels.

LIMITATIONS FROM RESEARCH PAPERS:

A 2005 study demonstrated that cars running on lithium-ion batteries outperform both compressed air and fuel cell vehicles more than three-fold at same speeds.

MDI has recently claimed that an air car will be able to travel 140km in urban driving, and have a range of 80 km with a top speed of 110km/h on highways.

CONT…

Less power output Probability of air leakage. Less air station are available. Biggest disadvantage is the energy needed to

compress the air is greater than the energy stored Within the vehicle, expansion and consequent

pressure reduction in the throttle or engine chills the air, reducing its effective pressure. Addition of ambient heat will increase this pressure and this addition leads to a more complex propulsion system.

Passenger compartment heating is more difficult since the propulsion system does not provide a source of waste heat. Some form of heat pump, or more likely, an electric heater would be required.

CONT… Refueling the compressed air container using a home

or low-end conventional air compressor may take as long as 4 hours though the specialized equipment at service stations may fill the tanks in only 3 minutes.

Tanks get very hot when filled rapidly. Tanks are sometimes immersed in water to cool them down when they are being filled. That would not be possible with tanks in a car and thus it would either take a long time to fill the tanks, or they would have to take less than a full charge, since heat drives up the pressure.

CONCLUSION: It’s important to remember that while vehicles

running on only compressed air might seem like a distant dream, but they still have public interest due to their environmental friendly nature.

Efforts should be to make them light, safe, cost effective and economical for deriving.

Electric-powered cars and bikes already available on the market put a strong competition to compressed air car not only in terms of cost but also their environment friendly role.

The technology still looks distant but that has not deterred inventors from working on it.