I love learning about Aldehydes and Ketones!!!

Formally Chap 5!, Now Chap 9

Functional Group: Carbonyl Carbon: C=O

-common and IUPAC used-for IUPAC, simply use an "al" ending for the alkane-see examples below

• Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones– An ether has a general formula ROR’

• Diethyl ether for example would have the formula CH3CH2OCH2CH3

– An aldehyde has a carbonyl group (carbon double bonded to an oxygen) attached to a terminal carbon atom

– A ketone has a carbonyl group attached to an internal carbon atom.

• The carbonyl group (A) is present in both aldehydes and ketones, as shown in (B). (C) The simplest example of each, with the IUPAC name above and the common name below each formula.

-Biological perservative as 37% aqueous solution (called formalin)

-kills bacteria and denatures (which hardens) proteins-carcinogen

-important in the production of polymers used in adhesives (such as those holding together fiberboard

-results from oxidation of ethanol-refer back to Alcoholism info.

-2 "R" groups attached to Carbonyl Carbon

-both common and IUPAC names

-for common, use the word ketone preceded by the 2 "R" groups used (see example below)

-for IUPAC, use "one" ending (see below)

-one of the few organic compounds that is infinitely soluble in water-dissolves many organic compounds so useful as a solvent cleaner-used in paints, varnishes, nail polish-can result as a result of lipid metabolism, as in diabetic patients when their breath smells of acetone because it is being produced faster than the body can break it down.