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Algorithm & Flow Charts
Presented ByManesh TCourse:1090 CS
ALGORITHMS AND FLOWCHARTS
Algorithm Step by step method to solve a problem is algorithm
Flow Chart Diagrammatic representation of algorithm
Algorithm
Example 1:
Write an algorithm to Add two numbers
Problem: Add two numbers
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read A, B
Step 3: C=A+B Step 4: Print C Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Multiply 2 numbersStep 1: StartStep 2: Read A, BStep 3: C=A*BStep 4: Print C Step 5: Stop
Problem: Subtract 2 numbers
Step 1: StartStep 2: Read A, BStep 3: C=A-BStep 4: Print C Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Average of 3 numbers
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read A, B, C
Step 3: Avg=(A+B+C)/3 Step 4: Print Avg Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Find your Age Step 1: Start Step 2: Read Byear
Step 3: Age=2015-Byear Step 4: Print Age
Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Area of Circle Step 1: Start Step 2: Read Radius
Step 3: Area=3.14*Radius *Radius Step 4: Print Area
Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Find even or odd
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read N
Step 3: Is (N%2=0) thenPrint “Even”
elsePrint “Odd”
Step 4: Stop
Detailed Algorithm Step 1: Start Step 2: Read M1,M2,M3,M4
Step 3: GRADE M1+M2+M3+M4Step 4: Is (GRADE < 60) then
Print “FAIL” else
Print “PASS”Step 5: Stop
AlgorithmProblem: Find Pass or Fail
The FlowchartA Flowchart is another algorithm but graphical.
shows logic solutionemphasizes individual steps and their
interconnectionsA flowchart must have a start and stopA steps in a flowchart must connect.
Flowchart Symbols General Used Symbols
Flow Chart: Add Two NumbersStart
Read A, B
C=A+B
Print C
Stop
Algorithm
Flowchart
DECISION STRUCTURES
The expression A>B is a logical expression it describes a condition we want to test if A>B is true (if A is greater than B) we take
the action on left print the value of A if A>B is false (if A is not greater than B) we
take the action on right print the value of B
DECISION STRUCTURES
isA>B
Y N
Print A Print B
Flow Chart: Find Even or OddStart
Read N
Print “Odd”
Stop
Print “Even”
IsN%2=0
NY
Flow Chart: Find Largest of two numbersStart
Read A, B
Print “B is large”
Stop
Print “A is large”
IsA>B
NY
Problem: Write Algorithm and Flowchart to find solution of Quadratic equation
Algorithm: Step 1: Start Step 2: Read a, b, c Step 3: d sqrt ( ) Step 4: x1 (–b + d) / (2 x a) Step 5: x2 (–b – d) / (2 x a) Step 6: Print x1, x2 Step 7: Stop
START
Reada, b, c
d sqrt(b x b – 4 x a x c)
STOP
x1 (–b + d) / (2 x a)
X2 (–b – d) / (2 x a)
4b b a c
Print X1, X2
Assignment 1 Draw algorithm and flowchart
1. Find area of triangle (area=(1/2)*breadth*height)
2. Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit temperature f = (1.8*c) + 32;
3. Volume of cylinder(V= 3.14*R*R*Height)
4. Find volume of sphere (4/3* 3.14*R*R*R)
5. Find biggest of three numbers.
Instructions to students
Study definition well Study different algorithms well Study how to draw flowchart for specific
problems. Workout various assignment problems Approach me for any doubt clarifications
Control Statements
Decision Making &Branching
Decision Making &Looping
If Statement Switch ConditionalStatement
Simple If
If else Nested if else
If else ladder
For loop
Do while loop
While loop
Jump
Break Continue