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AMMONIA: CRITICAL TO SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL PROSPERITY HABER BOSCH PROCESS FOR MAKING AMMONIA IS OVER 100 YEARS OLD WHY IS AMMONIA IMPORTANT? Ammonia production consumes 1.5% of global energy NITROGEN COMPRESSOR REACTOR CONDENSER LIQUID AMMONIA UNREACTED HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN HYDROGEN Countries with natural gas supplies also produce ammonia and contribute substantial GHG REFUEL Project: Small Scale Ammonia Synthesis Using Stranded Wind Energy 1562-1584 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN AMMONIA PRODUCTION Proven use as a fuel Best source of fertilizer Contributes to substantial greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) China Russia India USA Indonesia Trididad Canada Qatar Pakistan Saudi Arabia 2018-2022 production growth rate projected to be 2.3%, consumption 4.2% Ammonia Import (million tonnes, 2015) Global Ammonia Production (~182 million tonnes, 2015) Courtesy of Ed Cussler http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/207145/207145.pdf http://www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com/news/2016/10/kbr-completes-dyno-nobel-ammonia-plant Courtesy of Michael Resch Courtesy of Michael Resch Public domain - available at: www.uh.edu/engines/epi2287.htm 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 USA India Korea Belgium Morocco France Germany Taiwan Turkey Spain
