AMMONIA: CRITICAL TO SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL PROSPERITY

HABER BOSCH PROCESS FOR MAKING AMMONIA IS OVER 100 YEARS OLD

WHY IS AMMONIA IMPORTANT?

Ammonia production consumes 1.5% of global energy

NITROGEN

COMPRESSOR REACTOR CONDENSER

LIQUID AMMONIA

UNREACTED HYDROGEN AND

NITROGEN

HYDROGEN

Countries with natural gas supplies also produce ammonia and contribute substantial GHG

REFUEL Project: Small Scale Ammonia Synthesis Using Stranded Wind Energy1562-1584

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN AMMONIA PRODUCTION

Proven use as a fuel

Best source of fertilizer Contributes to substantial greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)

China

Russia

India

USA

Indonesia

TrididadCanada

QatarPakistan Saudi Arabia

Global Ammonia Production (~182 million tonnes, 2015)

China Russia India USA Indonesia Trididad Canada Qatar Pakistan Saudi Arabia

2018-2022 production growth rate projected to be 2.3%, consumption 4.2%

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Ammonia Import (Million tonnes, 2015)Ammonia Import (million tonnes, 2015)

Global Ammonia Production (~182 million tonnes, 2015)

Courtesy of Ed Cussler

http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/207145/207145.pdf

http://www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com/news/2016/10/kbr-completes-dyno-nobel-ammonia-plant

Courtesy of Michael Resch

Courtesy of Michael Resch

Public domain - available at: www.uh.edu/engines/epi2287.htm

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USA India Korea Belgium Morocco France Germany Taiwan Turkey Spain