Kyubok Chowww.keris.or.kr

https://www.facebook.com/chokyubok

ICoME 2016(International Conference for Media in Education)

(19th August, Kyoto University of Foreign Studies ) 1

An analysis of teachers’ comments

about the advantages and issues of improving

the use of digital textbooks in pilot schools

Problem 1

Students

cognition

Teacher

cognition

Problem 2

purposes contents functions

Complexity Contradiction

Problem 2

What do you think about DT(Digital Textbook)?(Do you think DT is effective?)

Using DT (Teacher / Student)?

Using DT (Math, Science, Language…)?

Using DT (in BPL, FL, SDL, Drill, Test...)?

DT’s contents?

DT’s functions?

What do you think about DT (compare to Paper Textbook)?

Problem 2

What percentage of teachers gives positive or negative opinions?

What kind of usage, contents, interaction, learning, burden, error, distraction, and effects do teachers mention?

How can the negative and positive opinions (in same function or context)co-exist?

Problem 2

Teacher Mr. Kim has 3 positive and 2 negative opinions about some DT’s context or function.

“Is he positive to DT?”

“How could he has positive and

negative opinions to one of the

DT’s contents or functions?”

Problem 2

Closed

Narrow

Macro

Open

Wide

Micro

Problem

(1) Few research from teachers’ perspective

(2) Difficulty to know teachers’ tendency(positive or negative)

(3) Unclarity of research about teachers’ cognition of DT

(4) Teachers’ contradictory opinion about DT contents or functions

Purpose

Identify the advantages and issues of improving

the use of digital textbooks in schools

Method

Online questionnaire

(134 representative teachers of DT pilot schools)

in South Korea during October 2015

contained 5 open-ended questions about the advantages

and issues of improving

- the digital textbooks,

- classes using digital textbooks

- managing the digital textbook pilot school.

Method

134 representative teachers of DT pilot schools = All of the DT pilot Schools

in South Korea during October 2015 Full textbook, over 6 months

The questionnaire contained 5 open-ended questions = To overcome Problem

Online questionnaire ⇒ easy to comment (119 teachers replied)

12

13

Results 1

Teachers’ comments were mixed and unclear

Results 1-1

Teachers’ comments were mixed between items(1) The advantages of digital textbooks(2) Issues for improving digital textbooks (3) The advantages of class using digital textbooks(4) Issues for improving classes using digital textbooks(5) Opinion about supporting digital textbook pilot schools

2

1

3

4

5

2

1

3

4

5

Results 1-2

Teachers’ comments were mixed between items(1) The advantages of digital textbooks(2) Issues for improving digital textbooks (3) The advantages of class using digital textbooks(4) Issues for improving classes using digital textbooks(5) Opinion about supporting digital textbook pilot schools

2

1

3

4

5

2

1

3

4

5

“Activity and Tool are inseparable”

Activity mediated by tools(Teaching) + (DT)

Results 1-3

Teachers’ comments were mixed between items(1) The advantages of digital textbooks(2) Issues for improving digital textbooks (3) The advantages of class using digital textbooks(4) Issues for improving classes using digital textbooks(5) Opinion about supporting digital textbook pilot schools

2

1

3

4

5

2

1

3

4

5

“Pros and Cons are inseparable”

⇒ Interest and Demands

Results 1-4

Teachers’ cognition about DT is not clear

Contents

Contents

+

Functions

(SW)

Contents

+

Functions

+

LMS

Contents

+

Functions

+

LMS

+

Device

+

Infra(LAN)

Results 1-4

Teachers’ cognition about DT is not clear

Contents

Contents

+

Functions

(SW)

Contents

+

Functions

+

LMS

Contents

+

Functions

+

LMS

+

Device

+

Infra(LAN)

South Korea

Japan

Results 2

Teachers’ comments were categorized into 4 topics

(1) Development of Students

(2) DT’s Content

(3) DT’s Function

(4) Change of Instruction

Each of the 4 topics included comments involving advantages

and improvements.

Results 2-1

(1) Teachers’ Cognition about Development of Students’

in class using DTs n = number of comment

Advantages Issues for ImprovementInterest Concentration Self-directed

Learning

Total Distractibility Eyestrain Total

Elementary

School

30 8 26 64 0 0 0

Middle

School

21 4 19 44 7 4 11

Total 51 12 45 108 7 4 11

Results 2-2

(2) Teachers’ Cognition about DT’s Contents n = number of comment

Advantages Issues for Improvement

Multi

Contents

Abundant

Contents

Textbook

Contents

Total Shortage of

Contents

Excessive

Contents

Low

Quality of

Contents

Total

Elementary

School

31 15 2 48 15 5 5 25

Middle

School

20 22 6 48 12 2 5 19

Total 51 37 8 96 27 7 10 44

Results 2-3

(3) Teachers’ Cognition about DT’s Functions n = number of comment

Advantages Issues of improvingWedurang

(SNS)

Contents

Restruction

Search Note Exam Total Wedurang

(SNS)

App

connecting

Search Note ExamAccess LMS Control

students’

PC

Total

Elementary

School

32 4 13 5 6 60 7 3 4 3 6 9 2 2 36

Middle

School

27 2 11 8 6 54 9 3 2 5 4 2 4 5 34

Total 59 6 24 13 12 114 16 6 6 8 10 11 6 7 70

Results 2-4

(4) Teachers’ Cognition about Change of Instruction

n = number of comment

Advantages Issues for ImprovementFlipped

Learning

Collaboration

learning

Diversity

activity

etc Total Class

Model

Not

technology

centered

Lesson

Study

Shortage

Of

Time

in class

information

ethics

education

ICT

Infrastructure

People’s

Cognition

etc Total

Elementary

School9 6 6 4 25 3 13 5 3 1 4 3 4 36

Middle

School1 10 4 0 15 0 1 11 2 5 14 0 0 33

Total10 16 10 4 40 3 14 16 5 6 18 3 4 69

Discussion 1

What percentage of teachers gives positive or negative opinions?

Positive > NegativeMany negative comments are based oninterests, demands and lack of cognition about DT(except concern about Distractibility and Eyestrain)

What kind of usage, contents, interaction, learning, burden, error,distraction, and effects do teachers mention?

SNS, Search, Note, Exam, LMS, Contents Restruction

How can the negative and positive opinions (in same function or context)co-exist?

Based on Interests and Demands Pros and Cons are inseparable

How could we overcome below problems?Teachers’ Cognition about Change of Instruction

n = number of comment

Advantages Issues for ImprovementFlipped

Learning

Collaboration

learning

Diversity

activity

etc Total Class

Model

Not

technology

centered

Lesson

Study

Shortage

Of

Time

in class

information

ethics

education

ICT

Infrastructure

People’s

Cognition

etc Total

Elementary

School9 6 6 4 25 3 13 5 3 1 4 3 4 36

Middle

School1 10 4 0 15 0 1 11 2 5 14 0 0 33

Total10 16 10 4 40 3 14 16 5 6 18 3 4 69

Discussion 2-1

Advantages Issues for ImprovementFlipped

Learning

Collaboration

learning

Diversity

activity

etc Total Class

Model

Not

technology

centered

Lesson

Study

Shortage

Of

Time

in class

information

ethics

education

ICT

Infrastructure

People’s

Cognition

etc Total

Elementary

School9 6 6 4 25 3 13 5 3 1 4 3 4 36

Middle

School1 10 4 0 15 0 1 11 2 5 14 0 0 33

Total10 16 10 4 40 3 14 16 5 6 18 3 4 69

Discussion 2-2

Why two groups are different?Teachers’ Cognition about Change of Instruction

n = number of comment

Kyubok Cho

https://www.facebook.com/chokyubok

ckb@keris.or.kr

28

An analysis of Teachers’ comments

about the advantages and issues of improving

the use of digital textbooks in Pilot Schools