An Efficient Duty Cycle Based Communication Scheme for Wireless

Sensor Network

Md. Obaidur Rahman1, Muhammad Mostafa Monowar1, Cho Jin Woong2, Lee Jang Yeon2 and Choong Seon Hong1

1Kyung Hee University and 2Korea Electronics Technology Institute, South Korea.

The 32nd KIPS Fall Conference 2009

Introduction Energy is the most critical issue for wireless sensor network

(WSN), due to the limited battery life time.

Especially, for a monitoring application the operation of a sensor network is quite challenging Most of the time very low traffic Possibility of high traffic burst on the detection of any event

To fulfill the demand of such WSN, network life time should be increased in low traffic, while increase the throughput in heavy traffic as well.

Considering this motivation, a receiver-initiated communication protocol is proposed in this paper.

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Problem Statement Problems in synchronous S-MAC and

asynchronous AS-MAC: Sleep schedule caused packet delay Single packet reception at each wake-up

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Receiver

Sender 1

Sender 2

Sender 3

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Goals Our proposed work has the following goals:

Energy efficient communication bypassing the most common sources of energy wastes, i.e., idle listening, overhearing etc.

Optimize delay in both low and high traffic load.

Better throughput assurance under heavy load.

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Preliminaries Operational Cycle

This is the time period for the wake-up interval of the nodes in the network:

Duty Cycle It is the ratio between node's active time to its entire cycle

time. Active time includes all the actions and activities of a node

(i.e., channel access, transmission and reception of data, etc.).

Two phase Fair Access Period (FAP) Prioritized Access Period (PAP)

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Proposed Communication Protocol Fair Access Period (FAP)

Receiver End: Receiver-initiated channel access by sending a beacon packet At this phase, a receiver wakes-up and receives only a single

packet from each of the upstream senders and acknowledge those packets

After receiving the final packet at FAP, it announces the channel access schedule in the prioritized access phase

Sender End: Receives the beacon and after contention resolution, send the

data Senders those looses the contention, waits for the ACK for

previous data and contend again after receiving the ACK Piggyback the information of additional data packet in the

packet header and request for prioritized channel access

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Proposed Communication Protocol Prioritized Access Period

Receiver End Receiver assigns priority according to the current traffic

at the senders and announces the prioritized channel access schedule

Receive back-to-back packet from the same sender and send a block ACK

Sender End Follows the schedule assigned by the receiver Send back-to-back packet

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Proposed Communication Protocol Fair Access Period (FAP) and Prioritized Access Period

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Experimental Validation Simulation in Ns-2 is performed. Uniform random distribution of 100 nodes in

100 x 100 m2 area. Wake-up interval is considered as 1 second. Traffic load is varied between 0.1 to 4.0

pkts/s. Simulation time is 100 seconds. Compared only the energy, delay and

throughput performance are measured from the simulation results.

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Experimental Validation Energy Usage

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Experimental Validation Delay

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Experimental Validation Throughput

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Conclusion This paper proposes a different idea in terms

of multiple packet reception in each wake-up Hence, reduce the packet delay In event detection, increases the throughput

It is also energy efficient when the network traffic is low.

Future work Extend the work for an asynchronous scheduled

MAC with multiple wake-up provisions in each operational cycle

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References W. Ye, J. Heidemann, and D. Estrin, “Medium access control with

coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks," IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 493-506, 2004.

J. Polastre, J. Hill, and D. Culler, “Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks," in SenSys '04: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2004, pp. 95-107.

M. Buettner, G. V. Yee, E. Anderson, and R. Han, “X-mac: a short preamble mac protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks," in SenSys '06: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2006, pp. 307{320.

Y. Sun, O. Gurewitz, and D. B. Johnson, “Ri-mac: a receiver-initiated asynchronous duty cycle mac protocol for dynamic traffic loads in wireless sensor networks," in SenSys '08: Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008, pp. 1-14.

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Thank You

Question ?

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