An-Najah National University of...1 Al-Najah National University Faculty of nursing Application of...

1

Al-Najah National University

Faculty of nursing

Application of patient rights among hospitalized

patients: A study conducted in Nablus and Tulkarem

hospitals.

Prepared by:

Ahmad Alawnih

Osama Nasrallah

Omar karous

Thaaer Mansour

Supervised by:

Dr.Adnan Al_sarhan

Mr . Mohammd Merae

2009 _ 2010

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A Word of Thanks

To us and we must tread with recent academic life of the pause go back to

the years spent in rehab with the University Teachers of customers who

helped us so much shedding so great efforts in building tomorrow's

generation to send the nation's new ...

Before we offer our deepest thanks and gratitude, appreciation and love to

those who carried a message in the most sacred life ...

To those who have paved us the way of science and knowledge ...

To all our teachers distinguished .......

"Be the world .. If you can not so be educated, if you can not love the

scientists, if you can not hate them."

I particularly appreciate and thank:

Dr. Adnan Sarhan

That we say to him booby-words of the Messenger of Allah peace be

upon him:

"The fish in the sea, and birds in the sky, to reach the milestone of good

people"

I also extend my thanks to him sponsor research, to our knowledge of

optimism and to move forward, to whom follow up and keep us, to us to

stop when they strayed.....

Mrs: Mohamed Marei

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We also thank everyone who helped to complete this research and gave

us help us extend a helping hand and provided us with the information

necessary to complete this research

Who help us in our present darkness, light shines, which was sometimes

stand in our way.

As for the thanks of the special type we thank also to all those who have

not stood by our side, and stood in the roads and impeded the march of

our research, and the laying of the thorns in the way we looked not for

their presence to have felt the joy of research, and the sweetness of

positive competition, and without them, when we arrived to where we are

they have the thanks of us all ......

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To those of his fingers to give us a moment of happiness

To reap the thorns from Derby to pave me the way to science

A big heart (my dear father)

To my wisdom and scientific.....

And to the literary dream

To my way.... Straight

The road to........ Guidance

To the fountain of patience and optimism and hope

Both to exist after God and His Messenger,( my mother dear)

Cindy and my strength after God

To those who taught me the science of life

To those who have shown me what is the most beautiful of

(My brother's life)

To those who tasted the most beautiful moments with them

To those I will miss them...... I hope that they will miss me

From God to make them my brothers in God ...... I loved God and of

students of faculty of(the Nursing - Najah National University)

To the combination of pleasure and sorrow

To a person I know.......... Will not know me

To whom I wish to remind them if they reminded me

To those who wish to keep their photos in my eyes (My friends)

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Table of Content:

Abstract 1

CHAPTER 1 2

1.Introduction 3

1.1 Background 3

1.1.1.Bill of Rights 4

1.1.2Patient bill of responsibilities 7

1.1.3.Every patient or client has the following responsibilities 8

1.2.Demography 9

1.2.1.Nablus city 9

1.2.2.Tulkarem city 10

1.3.Significance of study 10

1.4.Objectives 12

1.5.Hypothesis 13

CHAPTER 2 14

2. Literature Reviews 15

CHAPTER 3 22

3.Methodology 23

3.1 Sample design 23

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3.2 Sample 23

3.3 Characteristic of sample 24

3.4 Setting 24

3-5 Instruments 24

3-5-1 Questionnaire 24

3.5.1.1.First part :Patient 25

3.5.1.2.Second part :The Nurse stuff 27

3-6.Data collections 29

3-7. Piloting 29

CHAPTER 4 30

4. Data analysis 30

4.1.First part: patient 31

4.2.Second part :The Nurse stuff 36

CHAPTER 5: 41

Data Results 41

5.1.Patient results 42

5.1.1.Introduction 42

5.1.2.Study hypotheses 45

5.2.Second part : nursing results 50

5.2.1.Introduction 50

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5.2.2.The Study Result 50

5.2.3.Study hypothesizes 56

5.3.Conclusion 62

5.4.Our Recommendation 63

Nurses questionnaire 64

Patient questionnaire 67

References 70

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TABLES

Table (1): The distribution of the study sample according to the variable of the Age.

Table (2): The distribution of the study sample according to the variable

of the sex.


of Educational Level:


of the Place of Residence

Table (5) : The distribution of the study sample according to the variable

of the Knowing about rights:



of the sex:

Table (8): The distribution of the study sample according to the variable of

the Place of Residence:




of the years of experience:


of the Salary:

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Table (12): means ,standard deviations , percentages and the study degree

for the study questions:

Table (13) : shows the results of One Way Anova for the patients'

attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the age.

Table (14): Shows t- test for the patients' attitudes towards the patients'

rights due to the variable of sex


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the educational level.


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the place of

residence.

Table (17) : The distribution of the study response on the question no. 1






Table (22) : shows the results of One Way Anova for the nurses' attitudes

towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the age.

Table (23): Shows t- test for the nurses' attitudes towards the patients'


Table (24) : shows the results of One Way Anova for the nurses ' attitudes

towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the educational level.

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towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the place of residence.


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the years of

experiences.


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the salary.

11

Abstract:

Patient's rights law is intended to secure good medical practice, but

it can also serve to improve understanding between patients and medical

staffs if both were aware of their rights. Awareness and practice of the

new patient's rights law in Nablus and Tulkarem hospitals was explored

through a survey of 62 patient (above18 years) and 62 nurses randomly

selected by cross-sectional study,the data collected by direct interview

with both patients and nurses ,two questionnaire used in our study , one

for the patient and one for the nurse.

76% of patient say that there right are applicated in the hospital, and

72% of nurses also say that they application the patient right, so that the

sum of patient right application is 74% applicated in the different

hospitals in Nablus and Tulkarem hospitals.

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CHAPTER 1

Introduction

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1. Introduction:

The issue of patient rights in medical research has developed over the

years because of unethical practices that have occurred in the past. So that

the research and study was started to eliminate and decreased these

malpractice, which that maintain and safe the right of patient that must be

applicator in every clinical area.

Patients' rights vary in different countries and in different areas, often

depending upon prevailing cultural and social norms.

A Patient's Bill of Rights is a statement of the rights to which patients are

entitled as recipients of medical care. Typically, a statement articulates

the positive rights which health care team and hospitals ought to provide

patients, thereby providing information, offering fair treatment, and

granting them autonomy over medical decisions.(wikipedia.org. Patient

rights).

1.1 Background:

Formalized in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

recognizes “the inherent dignity” and the “equal and unalienable rights of

all members of the human family”. And it is on the basis of this concept

of the person, and the fundamental dignity and equality of all human

beings, that the notion of patient rights was developed. In other words,

what is owed to the patient as a human being, by physicians and by the

state, took shape in large part thanks to this understanding of the basic

rights of the person. (WHO, 1993).

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Different models of the patient-healthcare team relationship have been

developed, and these have informed the particular rights to which patients

are entitled.

In North America and Europe, for instance, there are at least four

models which depict this relationship: the paternalistic model, the

informative model, the interpretive model, and the deliberative model.

Each of these suggests different professional obligations of the physician

toward the patient. For instance, in the paternalistic model, the best

interests of the patient as judged by the clinical expert are valued above

the provision of comprehensive medical information and decision-making

power to the patient (WHO, 2008).

Medication administration is a complex task which involves human,

device, and environmental influences. Nursing practice standards for

medication administration include the Five Rights, namely, right

medication, dose, patient, time, and route. Failure to apply the five rights

may contribute to clinical practice errors which could result in fatal

patient outcomes. In addition to the clinical practice standards related to

medication administration, technology such as medication infusion

devices adds an additional factor which could influence the five rights.

(Salima, S.2008).

1.1.1 Bill of Rights:

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has been instrumental in

enshrining the notion of human dignity in international law, providing a

legal and moral grounding for improved standards of care on the basis of

our basic responsibilities towards each other as members of the “human

family”, and giving important guidance on critical social, legal and

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ethical issues. But there remains a great deal of work to be done to clarify

the relationship between human rights and right to health, including

patient rights.

Recognizing this challenge, the United Nations Commission on

Human Rights (UNHCR) has designated a Special Rapporteur to provide

it with a report that examines and clarifies the broader relationship

between human rights and the right to health. This report has great

importance for the World Health Organization, whose mission is to

ensure “health for all”. Grounding this mission in a fundamental human

right to health would be an important milestone, and a great step forward

realizing this goal (WHO, 2008). (Patient Bill of Rights and

Responsibilities Catonsville, Hospital, Information).

A Patient's Bill of Rights is a statement of the rights to which patients

are entitled as recipients of medical care. These rights are:

Understand and use these rights. If for any reason you do not

understand or you need help, the hospital MUST provide

assistance, including an interpreter.

Receive treatment without discrimination as to race, color,

religion, sex, national origin, disability, sexual orientation,

source of payment, or age.

Receive considerate and respectful care in a clean and safe

environment free of unnecessary restraints.

Receive emergency care if you need it.

Be informed of the name and position of the doctor who will

be in charge of your care in the hospital.

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Know the names, positions and functions of any hospital

staff involved in your care and refuse their treatment,

examination or observation.

A no smoking room.

Receive complete information about your diagnosis,

treatment and prognosis.

Receive all the information that you need to give informed

consent for any proposed procedure or treatment. This

information shall include the possible risks and benefits of

the procedure or treatment.

Receive all the information you need to give informed

consent for an order not to resuscitate. You also have the

right to designate an individual to give this consent for you if

you are too ill to do so. If you would like additional

information, please ask for a copy of the pamphlet “Do Not

Resuscitate Orders — A Guide for Patients and Families.”

Refuse treatment and be told what effect this may have on

your health.

Refuse to take part in research. In deciding whether or not to

participate, you have the right to a full explanation.

Privacy while in the hospital and confidentiality of all

information and records regarding your care.

Participate in all decisions about your treatment and

discharge from the hospital. The hospital must provide you

with a written discharge plan and written description of how

you can appeal your discharge.

Review your medical record without charge. Obtain a copy

of your medical record for which the hospital can charge a

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reasonable fee. You cannot be denied a copy solely because

you cannot afford to pay.

Receive an itemized bill and explanation of all charges.

Complain without fear of reprisals about the care and

services you are receiving and to have the hospital respond

to you and if you request it, a written response. If you are not

satisfied with the hospital’s response, you can complain to

the New York State Health Department. The hospital must

provide you with the State Health Department telephone

number.

Authorize those family members and other adults who will

be given priority to visit consistent with your ability to

receive visitors.

Make known your wishes in regard to anatomical gifts. You

may document your wishes in your health care proxy or on a

donor card, available from the hospital.(Public Health

Law(PHL).

1.2 Demography:

1.2.1. Nablus city:

Is a Palestinian city in the northern West Bank, approximately

63 kilometers (39 mi) north of Jerusalem, with a population of 321,000.

Located in a strategic position between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim,

it is the capital of the Nablus Governorate and a Palestinian commercial

and cultural center.

Nablus lies in a strategic position at a junction between two ancient

commercial roads; one linking the Sharon coastal plain to the Jordan

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valley, the other linking Nablus to the Galilee in the north, and the

biblical Judea to the south through the mountains. The city stands at an

elevation of around 550 meters (1,804 ft) above sea level, in a narrow

valley running roughly east-west between two mountains: Mount Ebal,

the northern mountain, is the taller peak at 940 meters (3,084 ft), while

Mount Gerizim, the southern mountain, is 881 meters (2,890 ft) high.

(http://www.asiarooms.com).

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Nablus

had a population of 134,116 inhabitants in mid-year 2006. In the PCBS's

1997 census, the city had a population of 100,034, including 23,397

refugees, accounting for about 24% of the city's residents. Nablus' Old

City had a population of 12,000 in 2006.The population of Nablus city

comprises 40% of its governorates inhabitants. (Palestinian Central

Bureau of Statistics Population, Housing and Establishment Census

2007).

1.2.2.Tulkarem city:

Ṭūlkarem is a Palestinian city in the Tulkarm Governorate in the extreme

northwestern West Bank and North-Central Israel. According to the

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Tulkarm city and the adjacent

refugee camp had a population of approximately 58,962 inhabitants at

mid-year 2006.Its land area consists of 28,793 dunam.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulkarm.

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1.3.Significance of study:

Since the patient rights are the factors to improve the quality of life

and fixed the full meaning of human right the study of human rights have.

Taken wide rang of research among the countries and improve their

point of view. Application of patient rights is very important title to be

studying here in Palestine because since we have been practice among the

hospitals just few of this rights are applied in their and we aimed to

enhance the health organization to take it into consideration and plicate it

in the hospitals.

Assuring that the rights of patients are protected requires more than

educating policy makers and health providers; it requires educating

citizens about what they should expect from their governments and their

health care providers—about the kind of treatment and respect they are

owed. Citizens, then, can have an important part to play in elevating the

standard of care when their own expectations of that care are raised, some

countries have recognized this, and have advanced their knowledge of

genomics in public, academic and scientific spheres. Some follow

democratic procedures to vote on resolutions pertaining to genomics.

This knowledge and active engagement empowers lay individuals to

make informed decisions about the future of genomics, both at the

personal and at the policy level.

The creation of effective patient protection laws relies on public

knowledge of genetic science and its applications, along with an

awareness of the ethical, social, and legal issues surrounding genomics.

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In light of the present need for increased awareness of human rights

as they relate to health, and to patient rights more particularly, this section

provides information on the rights of patients in various countries,

including examples of exercised rights. Links to human rights

organizations are also provided.

1.4 Objectives:

Health care team is dedicated to their patient's well-being and best

interest, as defined by the patient. Every patient has a right to privacy and

a right to have input into their care. Every patient also has a right to bias-

free access and care, delivered by a health care team conscious of the

effects of social and ethnic discrimination on health access and care.

We intend to conduct this study in order :

To estimate the degree of patient right application in the Nablus

hospitals.

To describe the benefits of application of patient rights in

hospitals, which this helps in provide optimum care for these

patients.

To evaluate the services that provides.

To describe if that all patients are take there rights without any

differentiation between them.

To identify patient needs and priorities, particularly when in

conflict with the student’s.

To protect the patient's rights to privacy and autonomy at all

times.

To identify the effects of intolerance and discrimination on the

health care of non-dominant ethnic and social groups.

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1.5 Hypothesis:

Some patients feel that their rights are persecuted in the hospitals

toward the nursing practice in the hospitals.

There are no significant references at (α =0.05) level about the

nurses' attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of

the name of the years of experiences.

There are no significant references at (α =0.05)level about the

nurses' attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of

the name of the salary.

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CHAPTER 2

Literature Reviews

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2. Literature Reviews:

Patients' rights in the European Union, The rights of patients to

receive health care in other member states of the European Union (EU)

are dependent upon both individual rights and social rights. The problem

is that these rights differ in character and the way they can be claimed.

The right to health care falls under the category of social rights which

require the state to provide the necessary health care services (Hermans,

2007).

International human rights for mentally ill persons: The Ontario

experience this article is part of a working project which assesses

Ontario's mental health legislation and practice vis-à-vis international

human rights standards. The paper focuses on procedural safeguards

provided by the major international human rights instruments in the field

of mental health law such as the UN Principles for the Protection of

Persons with Mental Illness (MI Principles) and the European Convention

on Human Rights as interpreted by the European Human Rights

Court.(Zuckerberg, 2007).

Giuglani, C., m etal, Trecan, G., (August 2009). Concluded in his

research about Evolution of patient's complaints in a French university

Hospital: is there a contribution of law regarding patient's rights? That the

study revealed an increase with time in the number of complaints for

medical issues in a university hospital, as well as increase in the

perception of medical error after the passing of a law regarding patients

rights in France.

24

Rutebemberwa,E., Pariyo1,G.,(August 2009).concluded in his

research about lake of effective communication between communities

and hospitals in Uganda : a qualitative exploration of missing links. That

there is still lack of effective communication between the communities

and the hospitals that serve them in Uganda. This deprives the

communities of the right to participate in the improvement of the services

they receive, to assume their position as stakeholders. Various avenues

could be instituted including using associations in communities, rapid

appraisal methods and community meetings.

Patients like (and dislike) patient-centered communication for

thoughtful, considered reasons that appear grounded in their values and

expectations about physicians, patients, and the clinical encounter.( Sara

L. Swenson a, Patti Zettler a, Bernard Lo, 2006).

Providing adequate medical treatment, while respecting the patient’s

right to self-determination, is the wise course to take in order to avoid

problems. When a patient is a mature minor, his wishes should also be

respected. In the case of a minor patient lacking decision-making

capacity, the wishes of the parents should be respected as much as

possible. We hope that this matter will be considered in a balanced way,

having in mind the ethical, legal, and medical aspects of each case.

(Tomonori Ariga, 2009).

No news isn’t necessarily good news for patients waiting for the

results of medical tests. The first study of its kind finds doctors failed to

inform patients of abnormal cancer screenings and other test results 1 out

of 14 times. The failure rate was higher at some doctors’ offices, as high

as 26 percent at one office. Few medical practices had explicit methods

for how to tell patients, leaving each doctor to come up with a system. In

25

some offices, patients were told if they didn’t hear anything, they could

assume their test results were normal.(Johinson, 2009).

Savanna,R., Reid (August 2009). doing research about injection drug

use , unsafe medical injections, and HIV in Africa . and concluding from

this study that The reuse of injecting equipment in clinical settings is

well documented in Africa and appears to play a substantial role in

generalized HIV epidemics. injection drug use (IDU), of heroin and

stimulants, is a growing risk factor for acquiring HIV in the region. IDU

is increasingly common among young adults in sub-Saharan Africa and is

associated with high risk sex.

It is the consensus of experts in the patient-safety field that little has

changed to improve the safety of hospital care since the Institute of

Medicine's 1999 report, To Err Is Human. The report noted that in order

to be successful, "safety must be an explicit organizational goal that is

demonstrated by clear organizational leadership. . . . This process begins

when boards of directors demonstrate their commitment to this objective

by regular, close oversight of the safety of the institutions they shepherd."

Leape and Berwick agree, noting that safety cannot become an

institutional priority "without more sustained and powerful pressure on

hospital boards and leaders — pressure that must come from outside the

health industry.", In hospital care, the challenge is to reform corporate

governance to make hospital boards take their responsibility for patient

safety at least as seriously as they take the hospital's financial condition

(George,2006).

Physicians strive for the maximal well-being of patients, and safety is

inherently a priority. But is patients' safety, as Annas claims (May 11

issue),a legal "right"? Its absence is as conspicuous as that of the right to

26

food, shelter, or even health care. Daily, 9 million Americans are hungry,

600,000 sleep without roofs over their heads, and 45 million face illness

without health insurance. Troubling as it is, we regularly accept these

gross inequities as the price of living with capitalism (James, 2006).

Katherine Wiltenburg Todrys1 and Joseph J Amon (November

2009).Doing research about human rights and access to HIV prevention

and treatment for internal migrants. And concluding from this study that

more people migrate within their country than out of it. Internal migrants

are those individuals who change residence from one civil division to

another within their country of origin. Gaps in internal migrants' access to

HIV/AIDS services--either as a result of official restrictions or cultural

and linguistic care and treatment, states are less able to realize goals of

reduced HIV incidence and burden of disease, and the public health

community may face the emergence of drug-resistant strains resulting

from interruptions in barriers--have significant consequences: individuals

are less able to access prevention.

Alan, m et al., (December 2009) doing research about informed consent

from patients participating in medical education: a survey from a university

hospital in Jamaica . And concluding from this study that as medical

educators, we are responsible to adhere to ethical and legal guidelines

when we interact with patients. It is apparent that there is urgent need for

policy development at the UWI to guide clinicians and students on their

interactions with patients.

Physicians are committed to the health and safety of their patients.

Unfortunately, many hospitals have not been. Lawsuits to motivate

hospital boards to adopt evidence-based safety standards, including those

recommended by the 100,000 Lives Campaign, can literally save lives.

27

Continuing old medical malpractice debates cannot. In promoting

patients' safety, physicians and lawyers can work together to achieve a

common goal — to save the lives of patients in hospitals — that neither

profession is likely to achieve alone. (George,2006).

Laura Nyblade, Anne Stangl, Ellen Weiss and Kim Ashburn (August

2009) doing research about combating HIV stigma in health care settings:

what works? And concluding from this study that there are three main

immediately actionable causes of HIV-related stigma in health facilities:

lack of awareness among health workers of what stigma looks like and

why it is damaging; fear of casual contact stemming from incomplete

knowledge about HIV transmission; and the association of HIV with

improper or immoral behavior. And To combat stigma in health facilities,

interventions must focus on the individual, environmental and policy

levels.

The American Medical Association has identified 18 states in which

physicians and institutional health care providers are having grave

difficulties obtaining affordable professional liability insurance. (

Michelle M. M e tal, Troyen A. Brennan,2003).

Physicians and hospitals are warning that patients may find medical

care unavailable unless something is done—meaning the enactment or

strengthening of tort reform legislation. (William M. Sage,2003).26.

Some patient safety proponents argue that a systems approach to

protecting patients is inhibited by current law and call for removing the

risk of liability from reporting medical errors. (Peter P. Budetti,2005).

28

If physicians are overly concerned about liability, they may take

actions that jeopardize patient welfare, such as excessive testing or

treatment.( Peter D. Jacobson,2005).

Hospitals reporting lower infection rates are safer and that informed

consumers will obtain safer care has driven many U.S. states to consider

legislation requiring report cards on nosocomial infections.( Robert A.

Weinstein, Jane D. Siegel, P.J. Brennan,2005).

Most patient-safety experts continue to believe that the threat of

liability is the primary barrier to the development of effective and

comprehesive patient-safety programs in hospitals.( George J.

Annas,2006).

2-21. In the absence of a comprehensive social insurance system, the

patient’s right to safety can be enforced only by a legal claim against the

hospital.( George J. Annas,2006).

There is a Barriers that prevent Middle Eastern women from

seeking medical consultation for Urinary incontinence Most common

barriers include the misconceptions about the causes of and

availability of treatment options for UI and embarrassment.( Ahmed

S. Omar M,2010).

There is an increase with time in the number of complaints for

medical issues in a university hospital, as well as an increase in the

perception of a medical error after the passing of a law regarding patients'

rights in France. ( Camila G, Nathalie G, Valia F, Jérémie J, Sergio E ,

Julie B ,and Gwenaelle V,2009).

29

Current initiatives in Congress to limit liability for pharmaceutical

injuries and medical malpractice make it timely to examine how much

legal concerns actually contribute to public health crises such as the flu

vaccine shortage. (Michelle M. Mello, Troyen A. Brennan,2005).

Physician and patient are bound in a partnership that requires both

individuals to take an active role in the healing process. Such a

partnership does not imply that both partners have identical

responsibilities or equal power.( American Medical Association,1993).

The dearth of abortion providers undermines the availability of safe,

legal abortion, and has serious implications for women's access to

abortion services and health service planning.( Jane H , Kathryn S,

Phyllis O,2009).

Complaints for medical issues increased from 1998 to 2004. Error or

delay in diagnosis/treatment and surgical/ medical complication were the

main reasons for complaints.( Camila G, Nathalie G, Valia F, Jérémie J,

Sergio E , Julie B ,and Gwenaelle V,2009).

.

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CHAPTER 3

Methodology

31

3.Methodology:

This chapter deals with the study method, community and sample, in

addition to the tool, credibility, reliability, variables, procedures and

statistical processes.

Surveying, descriptive and analytic method was used for its suitability for

the study purposes.

The Study consists of two parts :

The Patients.

The nursing staff.

3.1 Sample design :

Descriptive (cross-sectional) design was used to get more distribution

of data, get more accuracy in the result .The study discuss the application

of patient right in hospitals the suitable sample selection is simple random

selection .

3.2 Sample :

Cross-sectional. Governmental and private hospitals situated in Nablus

and Tulkarem cities of Palestine ,the study sample consists of (62) nurses

and (62) patients who have been hospitalized at the mentioned hospitals.

This sample was selected randomly sample by taken all nurse and all

patient whom found in the selected ward.we select the medical and

sergical ward for both male and female.

32

3.3 .Characteristic of sample:

People have admitted to hospital for at least 2 days, they are above 18

years old. Disclosing criteria people under 18 years old and admitted to

the hospitals for less than 2 days.

3.4. Setting:

This study was conducted in Palestine ( Nablus and Tulkarem cities )

Specifically in:

a) Rafedia governmental hospital.

b) AL-Watane governmental hospital.

c) Specialized Nablus hospital.

d) Specialized Arab hospital.

e) Thabit Thabit hospital.

3.5. Instruments:

3.5.1. Questionnaire:

The Study consists of two parts:

The Patients.

The nurse staff.

3.5.1.1.First Part :Patient.

Questionnaire for collecting information has been developed after

surveying some previous studies dealing with the same subject. The

questionnaire consisting of three parts as the following:

33

Part One:

Includes the introduction, several elements which emphasize the target of

the study, kind of data that the researchers need to collect from the study

sample in addition to a paragraph aims in order to encourage the targeted

individuals to respond frankly on the study questions after satisfying the

tested people that the information will be secret and will not be used

except for the scientific research only.

Part Tow:

Includes general information dealing with the independent variables of

the study like age, sex, educational level, place of residence and knowing

about rights.

Part Three:

Includes 18 paragraphs dealing with the questions that the patients in the

mentioned hospitals will response to.

Credibility:

The study tool was subjected for the test by experts who recommended

for its validity for the achieving of the study purposes.

Reliability:

Was tested by using Khronapach Alpha test which was (0.8447) . And

this result is acceptable for the study purposes.

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Procedures:

The study has been made according to the following:

- Preparing the study tool.

- The study sample is identified.

- Distribution of the questionnaire.

- Gathering the questionnaire.

- Statistically processing by using the statistical package for social

science (SPSS).

- Gathering the responds.

-Results, and - Recommendations.

Study Design:

The study includes the following variables:

- Independent variables:

1- Age : which has four levels (15-25, 26-35, 36-45, 46 and more )

2-Sex: with two levels (Male and Female).

3-Educational level : which has four levels (Illiterate, Primary,

secondary and university).

4- Place of Residence : which has three levels ( City, Village and camp).

- Dependent variables:

The means for the responds of the study sample on its questions about

the patients' attitudes towards there rights in the hospitals.

35

3.5.1.2.Second Part: The Nurse staff :

Study Tool:

Questionnaire for collecting information has been developed after

surveying some previous studies dealing with the same subject. The

questionnaire consisting of three parts as the following:

Part One:

Includes the introduction, several elements which emphasize the target of

the study, kind of data that the researchers need to collect from the study

sample in addition to a paragraph aims in order to encourage the targeted

individuals to respond frankly on the study questions after satisfying the

tested people that the information will be secret and will not be used

except for the scientific research only.

Part Tow:

Includes general information dealing with the independent variables of

the study like age, sex, educational level, place of residence and knowing

about rights.

Part Three:

Includes 20 paragraphs dealing with the questions that the Nursing stuff

in the mentioned hospitals will response to .

Credibility:

The study tool was subjected for the test by experts who recommended

for its validity for the achieving of the study purposes.

Reliability:

Was tested by using Khronapach Alpha test which was (0.8907) . And

this result is acceptable for the study purposes.

36

Procedures:

The study has been made according to the following:

- Preparing the study tool.

- The study sample is identified.

- Distribution of the questionnaire.

- Gathering the questionnaire.

- Statistically processing by using the statistical package for social

science (SPSS).

- Gathering the responds.

-Results, and recommendations.

Study Design:

The study includes the following variables:

Independent variables:

1- Age: which has four levels (20-30, 31-40, 41- 50 and 51 and more)

2-Sex: with two levels (Male and female).

3-Educational level : which has four levels (diploma Bachelor and High

studies ).

4- Place of Residence : which has three levels ( City, Village and camp).

5- Years of Experiences : which has four levels ( Less than 6 months,

from 6 months – 5 years m 5-10 years and more than 10 years).

6- Salary : which has four levels ( Less than 1500 N.S, 1500-2500, 2000-

2500 and more than 2500).

37

Dependent variables:

The means for the responds of the study sample on its questions about

the nursing stuff ' attitudes towards the rights of the patients in the

hospitals.

3.6 Data collections:

The data collected by face to face interview. Which we get the answer

by direct question directed toward participles, to be get accurate answer

and clarify any misunderstanding of the question. This gives our research

more variability and reality.

3.7. Piloting:

We applied this questioner on 20 samples, conducted in 5 hospitals in

Nablus and Tulkarem hospitals. The result of this sample was as the

following:

-70% of patients stated that their rights are provided by health team

providers.

-80% of nurses believes that they apply patient's bill of right in

governmental and private hospitals .

During piloting we didn't face much problems, many patients stated that

the questions where clear and direct which made it easy to conduct our

tool, and we have intended to take feedbacks from health care providers

and patients about our study as whole and the tool specifically .

38

CHAPTER 4

Data Analysis & Results

39

4.1.First part: Patient


Percentage No. Age

27.4 17 15-25

27.4 17 26-35

14.5 9 36-45

30.6 19 40 years and more

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

4

40


of the sex.

Percentage No. Sex

48.4 30 Male

51.6 32 Female

100% 62 Total

1

2

41



Percentage No. Educational Level

11.3 7 Illiterate

21.0 13 Elementary

33.9 21 Secondary

33.9 21 University

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

4

42


of the Place of Residence

Percentage No. Place of Residence

37.1 23 City

40.3 25 Village

22.6 14 Camp

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

43


of the Knowing about rights:

PercentageNo.Knowing about rights

96.860Yes

3.22No

100%62Total

1

2

44

4.2.Second part

The Nurse staff :


Percentage No. Age

56.5 35 20-30

24.2 15 31-40

16.1 10 41-50

3.2 2 51 and more

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

4

45


of the sex:

Percentage No. Sex

48.4 30 Male

51.6 32 Female

100% 62 Total

1

2

46


of the Place of Residence:

Percentage No. Place of Residence

45.2 28 City

45.2 28 Village

9.6 6 Camp

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

47



Percentage No. Educational Level

43.5 27 Diploma

48.4 30 Bachelor

8.1 5 High Studies

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

48


of the years of experience:

Percentage No. Years of experience

4.8 3 Less than 6 months

41.9 26 From 6 months – 5 years

24.2 15 From 5- 10 years

29.1 18 More than 10 years

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

4

49


of the Salary:

Percentage No. Salary

8.1 5 Less than 1500 N.S

14.5 9 1500-2000

22.6 14 2000-2500

54.8 34 More than 2500

100% 62 Total

1

2

3

4

50

CHAPTER 5

Discussion

51

5.1.Patient results :

5.1.1.Introduction:

This study aims at identifying the patients' attitudes towards there rights

in the hospitals due to several factors . Also it aims at identifying several

study variables like age ,sex, educational and place of Residence.

For achieving the study purpose, a questionnaire consisting of (18)

paragraphs has been developed, distributed among of (62) individuals of

study sample, gathered, codified, entered the computer and statistically

processed by using the statistical package of social science (SPSS).

First : The results of the study question which is:

What are the patients' attitudes towards there rights in the

Palestinian hospitals?

For achieving the question purpose, means and percentages for each

paragraphs were used.

The paragraphs means were given the following scale:

Less than 50% is low

Between 50-75% is medium

More than 75% is high.

And the following table shows the study results about its questions:

Table (12): means ,standard deviations , percentages and the study

degree for the study questions:

52

Paragraph

No.

Paragraph Mean standard

deviations

Percentages Response

Degree

1. Health care services provide in

suitable way for patients.

3.20 0.63 80.00 High

2. Patient can object on the level of

health services which are

provided to him

3.20 0.90 80.00 High

3. I' am well informed about my

doctor.

2.70 0.75 67.50 Medium

4. I' am well informed about my

illness.

3.22 0.83 80.50 High

5. I' am provided with realistic

information about my health

status.

3.29 0.79 82.00 High

6. Nurses respects my privacy and

confidentiality about my illness.

3.42 0.66 86.00 High

7. Nurses are supportive.

(emotionally & psychologically ).

3.22 0.71 80.50 High

8. Nurses respect my believes and

religious.

3.59 0.49 90.00 High

9. Nurse explains treatment process

and how to deal with it.

2.54 0.91 88.50 High

10. I sign consent inform and the

health care providers clarify all

3.37 0.48 84.00 High

53

potential complication before any

major procedure.

11. I have the right to choose my own

doctor.

2.48 0.97 62.00 Medium

12. I have the right to refuse the

treatment.

2.83 0.90 71.00 Medium

13. The relationship between the

health care team and patient good

relationship.

3.29 0.71 82.00 High

14. The health care team listen

attentively to patients complains

and suggestions.

2.91 0.73 73.00 Medium

15. The patient participates in his

treatment process.

2.24 0.84 56.00 Medium

16. The method used by Health staff

to talk about the problem of

patient is the style required.

2.80 0.76 70.00 Medium

17. The health care services provided

equally to the patients.

2.98 0.83 74.50 Medium

18. I feel respected and treated

friendly by health care providers.

3.24 0.80 81.00 High

The Total Degree 3.03 0.45 76.00 High

54

It has shown from the previous table that the response degree was from

Medium to high .

1.There are paragraphs have gotten high degree which are (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,

8, 9, 10, 13, 18) ..

2. There are paragraphs have gotten medium degree which are

(3,11,12,14, 15, 16, 17).

3. None of the paragraphs has gotten a low degree

Finally, the total degree was (76.00% ) which refers to medium degree.

5.1.2.Study hypotheses:

Hypothesis (1) :

There are no significant references at (α =0.05) level about the patients'

attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the name of the Age.

There is a relationship between the age and health status, Functional

health literacy was markedly lower among older age groups.The

Association Between Age and Health Literacy Among Elderly Persons

David W. Baker.

For achieving this , One Way ANOVA Test was used ,and table (7)

shows it:

55

Table (13) : shows the results of One Way Anova for the patients' attitudes towards

there rights due to the variable of the age.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups

0.395 3 0.132 0.620 0.605

Within

groups

12.316 58 0.212

Total 12.711

It has been shown from the previous table that there are no significant

references at (α =0.05) level about the patients' attitudes towards there

rights due to the variable of the age.

The significant was (0.605) which is higher than (0.05) and that means

there are no differences between the ages levels towards the subject.

56

Hypothesis (2):


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of sex.

For achieving this hypothesis, t-test for two independent samples was

used .The results were as the following:

Table (14): Shows t- test for the patients' attitudes towards the patients'


Patients T Sig.

Male

(n=30)

Female

(n=32)

means s.deviation means s.deviation

2.99 0.49 3.07 0.42 -0.642 0.523





there are no differences between the males and females towards the

questions of the subject.

When compare our result with Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics

Population, Housing and Establishment Census 2007. 1,193,244 males

and 1,157,339 females. The male/female sex ratio totaled 103.1

57

males/100 females. There is rapprochement between our values and theirs

study. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.

Hypothesis (3):


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the name of the

Educational level.

For achieving this , One Way Anova Test was used ,and table (9) shows

it:


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the educational level.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups

1.140 3 0.380 1.906 0.139

Within

groups

11.571 58 0.199

Total 12.711 61

58



rights due to the variable of the educational level.


there are no differences between the educational levels towards the

subject.

Hypothesis (4):


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the name of the Place

of residence .


it:


attitudes towards there rights due to the variable of the place of

residence.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups590.

0.986 2 0.493 2.480 0.092

Within

groups

11.726 59 0.199

Total 12.711 61

59



rights due to the variable of the place of residence. .


there are no differences between the place of residence levels towards the

subject.

5.2.Second part : nursing results :

5.2.1.Introduction

This study aims at identifying the nurses' attitudes towards there rights of

the patients in the hospitals due to several factors . Also it aims at

identifying several study variables like age ,sex, educational , place of

Residence , experiences and the salary.

For achieving the study purpose, a questionnaire consisting of (20)

paragraphs has been developed, distributed among of (62) individuals of

study sample, gathered, codified, entered the computer and statistically

processed by using the statistical package of social science (SPSS).

5.2.2.The Study Result:

First : The results of the study question which is:

What are the nurses' attitudes towards the patients' rights in the

Palestinian hospitals?

For achieving the question purpose, frequencies for the first four

paragraphs, means and percentages for the other paragraphs were used.

60


Percentage No. Are there any rights of patients?

95.2 59 Yes

4.8 3 No

100% 62 Total

1

2

61

Table (18) : The distribution of the study response on the question 2.

Percentage No. Do all patients have the same

rights?

77.4 48 Yes

22.6 14 No

100% 62 Total

1

2

62

Table (19) : The distribution of the study response on the question 3.

Percentage No. Does the workplace "a government

hospital / special" affects the

application of the patient's rights?

58.1 36 Yes

41.9 26 No

100% 62 Total

1

2

63

Table (20) : The distribution of the study response on question 4.

Percentage No. Do you believe in the

importance of the application

of the patient's rights?

96.8 60 Yes

3.2 2 No

100% 62 Total

1

2

The paragraphs means were given the following scale:

Less than 50% is low

Between 50-75% is medium

More than 75% is high.

And the following table shows the study results about its questions:

64



Paragrap

h No.

Paragraph Mean standard

deviations

Percentages Response Degree

5. All patients' rights applied 2.93 0.75 73.00 Medium

6. All nurses apply the patient's rights 2.64 0.74 66.00 Medium

7. The salary has relation to the extent the application of those rights

2.85 1.15 71.00 Medium

8. There is internal and external monitoring for the application of those rights

3.00 0.67 75.00 Medium

9. There is seriousness from the control to monitor the application of these rights

3.01 0.58 75.00 Medium

10. There is a distinction between patients in the application of their rights (the status of the patient, income level)

2.64 0.97 66.00 Medium

11. The nurse is obliged to apply the patient's rights

3.51 0.67 88.00 High

12. Patients are aware of their rights 2.90 0.67 73.00 Medium

13. There a relationship between experience and the ability to apply the rights of patients

3.41 0.77 85.00 High

14. Is there a relationship between educational level and extent of application of the rights of patients

3.09 0.80 77.00 High

65

15. The rights of patients are applied in private hospitals as much as than in governmental hospitals

3.03 0.95 76.00 High

16. Nurse who works in both private and governmental hospital deals with in same level with the patient disagreed Last whether in private or governmental

2.51 0.90 63.00 Medium

17. the patient in private hospital get better care than in the governmental hospital

2.93 1.00 73.00 Medium

18.

It is different from your application over the rights of a patient from one patient to another

2.32

1.02

83.00

High

19. You circulated by the supervisors concerning the rights of patients

2.88 0.94 72.00 Medium

20. All nurses apply the rights of patients in the required form?

2.66 0.74 66.50 Medium

The Total Degree 2.89 0.31 72.00 Medium

It has shown from the previous table that the response degree was from

Medium to high .

1.There are paragraphs have gotten high degree which are (11,

13, 14, 15, 18) .

2. There are paragraphs have gotten medium degree which are

(1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , 10, 12, 16, 17, 19, 20).

3. None of the paragraphs has gotten a low degree

66

Finally, the total degree was (72.00% ) which refers to medium

degree.

5.2.3.Study hypothesizes:

Hypothesis (1):

There are no significant references at (α =0.05) level about the nurses'

attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the name of the

Age.


it:


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the age.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups

0.157 3 0.0522 0.524 0.667

Within

groups

5.784 58 0.0997

Total 5.940 61


references at (α =0.05) level about the nurses' attitudes towards the

patients' rights due to the variable of the age.

67


there are no differences between the ages levels towards the subject.

Hypothesis (2):


attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of sex.

For achieving this hypothesis, t-test for two independent samples was

used .The results were as the following:

Table (23): Shows t- test for the nurses' attitudes towards the patients'


Patients T Sig.

Male

(n=30)

Female

(n=32)

means s.deviation means s.deviation

2.88 0.30 2.91 0.23 -0.334 0.739



patients' rights due to the variable of sex.


there are no differences between the males and females towards the

questions of the subject.

68

Hypothesis (3):

There are no significant references at (α =0.05) level about the nurses''

attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the name of the

Educational level.


it:

Table (24) : shows the results of One Way Anova for the nurses ' attitudes

towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the educational level.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups

0.233 2 0.117 1.206 0.307

Within

groups

5.707 59 0.0967

Total 5.940 61



patients' rights due to the variable of the educational level.


there are no differences between the educational levels towards the

subject.

69

Hypothesis (4):


attitudes towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the name of

the Place of residence .


it:


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the place of residence.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups590.

0.0320 2 0.0160 0.160 0.853

Within

groups

5.908 59 0.100

Total 5.940 61



patients' rights due to the variable of the place of residence. .


there are no differences between the place of residence levels towards the

subject.

70

Hypothesis (5):



the years of experiences .


it:


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the years of

experiences.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups590.

0.0467 3 0.0155 0.153 0.927

Within

groups

5.894 58 0.102

Total 5.940 61



patients' rights due to the variable of the years of experiences. .


there are no differences between the years of experiences levels towards

the subject.

71

Hypothesis (6):



the salary .


it:


towards the patients' rights due to the variable of the salary.

Sum of

squares

D f Mean

square

F Sig.

Between

groups590.

0.414 3 0.138 1.447 0.239

Within

groups

5.527 58 0.0952

Total 5.940 61



patients' rights due to the variable of the salary. .


there are no differences between the salary levels towards the subject.

72

5.3.Conclusion:

76% of patient say that there right are applicated in the hospital, and

72% of nurses also say that they application the patient right, so that the

sum of patient right application is 74% applicated in the different

hospitals in Nablus and Tulkarem hospitals.

73

5.4.Our Recommendation:

1.Justice on the right of patients to seek healthcare in another Member

State.

2.Ensuring the safety and quality of the care that patients will receive in

another Member State.

3.For increased cooperation between healthcare systems in a number of

key areas.

4.Enhancements of health or knowledge must be derived from the

research.

5.To promote the interests and well-being of the patients of health care

providers and health care facilities.

6.To promote better communication between the patient and the health

care provider.

7.public policy will be recognized a patient's bill of rights and

responsibilities in health care facility or health care setting.

74

Nurses questionnaire :

Age

20_30 31-40 41-50 more than 51.

Sex:

Male Female

place of permanent residence:

City village camp.

educational level

Diploma Bachelor PhD

Field Experience:

less than 6 months 6 months_ 5 years 5_ 10 years

more than 10 years .

the salary that you get (NIS):

Less than 1500 1500 -2000 2000 -2500

over 2500

75

No Yes Question

Are there any rights of patients?

Do all patients have the same rights?

Does the workplace "a government hospital / special" affects the application of the patient's rights?

Do you believe in the importance of the application of the patient's rights ?

Strongly Disagree

Disagree Strongly Agree

Agree Question

All patient's rights applied?

All nurses apply the patient's rights ?

Salary has relation to the extent the application of those rights?

There are internal and external monitoring for the application of those rights?

There is a seriousness from the control to monitor the application of these rights?

There is a distinction between patients in the application of their rights (the status of the patient, income level)?

76

Is the nurse is obliged to apply the patient's rights?

Patients are aware of their rights?

There a relationship between experience and the ability to apply the rights of patients?

There a relationship between educational level and extent of application of the rights of patients?

The rights of patients are applied in private hospitals as much as than in governmental hospitals?

Nurse who works in both private and governmental hospital deals with in same level with the patient disagreed Last whether in private or governmental?

The patient in private hospital get better care than in the governmental hospital?

Is it different from your application over the rights of a patient from one patient to another?

77

You circulated by the supervisors concerning the rights of patients?

All nurses apply the rights of patients in the required form?

:العمر

فأكثر . 51 50_41 40 _ 31 30_20

:الجنس أنثى كرذ

:مكان الإقامة الدائم مدينة قرية مخيم .

: المستوى التعليمي دراسات عليا بكالوريوس دبلوم

الخبرة العملية:

سنة 10سنوات أكثر من 10_ 5 سنوات 5أشهر _ 6أشهر من 6اقل من

ل) :الراتب الذي تحصل عليه (بالشيك

2500أكثر من 2500- 2000 2000- 1500 1500اقل من

78

لا نعم السؤال

هل هنالك حقوق للمرضى؟

لحقوق؟هل كل المرضى لهم نفس ا

هل لمكان العمل " مستشفى حكومي/ خاص " علاقة بمدى تطبيق حقوق المرضى؟

هل تؤمن بأهمية لتطبيق حقوق المرضى؟

أوافق السؤال بشدة

أعارض أعارض أوافق بشدة

هل تعتقد أن جميع حقوق المرضى تطبق؟

هل تعتفد أن جميع الممرضين يطبقون حقوق المرضى؟

ل تعتقد أن للراتب علاقة بمدى رغيتك ه بتطبيق تلك الحقوق؟

هل تعتقد أن هنالك رقابة داخلية وخارجية تهتم بمراقبة تطبيق تلك الحقوق؟

79



هل تعتقد أن هنالك جدية من قبل المراقبة

لمراقبة مدى تطبيق هذه الحقوق؟

تعتقد أن هنالك تمييز بين المرضى في هل تطبيق حقوقهم (مكانة المريض,مستوى دخله)؟

هل الممرض مجبر لتطبيق حقوق المريض؟

هل تعتقد أن المرضى مدركون لحقوقهم ؟

هل هنالك علاقة بين الخبرة والقدرة على تطبيق حقوق المرضى؟

مي ومدى هل هنالك علاقة بين المستوى التعلي تطبيق حقوق المرضى؟

هل تعتقد بأن حقوق المرضى تطبق في المستشفيات الخاصة بقدر أوسع منه في

المستشفيات الحكومية؟

هل تعتقد أن الممرض الذي يعمل في المجالين الخاص والحكومي يتعامل بنفس الأسلوب مع المريض إذا اختلف تواجد المريض سواء في

ومي ؟الخاص أو الحك

هل تعتقد أن المريض في المستشفى الخاص يحصل على رعاية أفضل منه في المستشفى

80

الحكومي ؟

هل يختلف لدبك مدى تطبيق حقوق المريض من مريض لآخر؟

هل عمم عليكم من قبل رؤسائكم قوانين تتعلق بحقوق المرضى ؟

هل تعتقد أن جميع الممرضين يطبقون حقوق رضى بالشكل المطلوب؟الم

Patient questionnaire:

Age

15-25 26-35 36-45 more than 46

Sex:

Male female

Educational level

Not educated school university

Place of permanent residence:

City town camp

Did you know that there rights to the patients?

Yes No

81

Strongly

Disagree

Disagree Agree Strongly

Agree

Question

Health care services provide in suitable

way for patients.

Patient can object on the level of health

services which are provided to him

I' am well informed about my doctor.

I' am well informed about my illness.

I' am provided with realistic

information about my health status.

Nurses respects my privacy and

confidentiality about my illness.

Nurses are supportive. (emotionally &

psychologically ).

Nurses respect my believes and

religious.

Nurse explains treatment process and

how to deal with it.

I sign consent inform and the health

care providers clarify all potential

complication before any major

procedure.

82

I have the right to choose my own

doctor.

I have the right to refuse the treatment.

The relationship between the health

care team and patient good

relationship.

The health care team listen attentively

to patients complains and suggestions.

The patient participates in his treatment

process.

The method used by Health staff to talk

about the problem of patient is the style

required.

The health care services provided

equally to the patients.

I feel respected and treated friendly by

health care providers.

83

:العمر

. فأكثر 46 45_36 35_26 25_15

:الجنس

ر أنثىذك

: المستوى التعليمي غير متعلم أساسي ثانوي جامعي .

:مكان الإقامة الدائم مدينة قرية مخيم .

هل تعلم بوجود حقوق للمرضى؟

لا نعم

84

أوافق الالسؤ بشدة


تعتقد أنه يتم تقديم الرعاية الصحية هل بالشكل المناسب للمريض ؟

تعتقد أن المريض بإمكانه هل الاعتراض على مستوى تقديم الرعاية

الصحية له ؟

يتم تزويدك بالمعلومات حولهل المعالج ؟ طبيبك

ت كافيه عنبمعلوما كإخبار يتم هل

مرضك؟

الطبي الطاقم بواسطة كإخبار يتمهل ؟ واقعية بكل الصحية كحالت عن

يتم المحافظة على أسرار المريضهل

؟الخاصة بمرضه بينه وبين الطاقم

85



قبل من النفسي الدعم على حصلهل ت ؟ الصحية الطواقم

الدينية كومعتقدات كمبادئ احترام يتمهل ؟ الطبية الطواقم قبل من

كل بالشرح ات/ين الممرض يقومهل وكيفية كل المقدمة العلاج خطة عن

؟ معها التعامل

العمليات ورقة على بالتوقيع قومهل ت

كافة توضيح ويتم عملية عمل عند ؟ المحتملة المضاعفات

المشرف الطبيب اختيار في الحق هل لك ؟ كعلاج على

كل المقدم العلاج رفض في الحق هل لك ؟

86



تعتقد أن العلاقة بين المريض وبين هل ؟ جيدة الطاقم الصحي علاقة

هل يتقبل الطاقم الطبي الاجابة على رحاتهم؟شكاوى المرضى ومقت

مشاركة في بال هل يقوم المريضوضع الخطة العلاجية من قبل الطاقم

الصحي ؟

تعتقد أن الأسلوب المستخدم من قبل هل الطاقم الصحي في الحديث عن مشكلة

؟ هو الاسلوب المطلوبالمريض

تقديم طريقة في بالعدالة شعرتهل ؟ كل الصحية الرعاية

الطواقم قبل من والاحترام بالود شعرتهل ؟ الطبية

87

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