Welcome to the ‘Achieving Behavioural Change’ (ABC)
Course
Presented by:
NAME
Communication and Worker Engagement Training
Produced from original work for:
The Department for Work and Pensions (2003 to 2007)
This must be read in conjunction with the Tutor Notes
Welcome to the ‘Achieving Behavioural Change’ (ABC)
Course
Presented by:
NAME
Communication and Worker Engagement Training
Produced from original work for:
The Department for Work and Pensions (2003 to 2007)
This must be read in conjunction with the Tutor Notes
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Administration
Fire & First Aid Arrangements Refreshments / Meal Breaks Mobile Phones Smoking Policy Welfare Facilities
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Ice Breaker
Introduce another person
Company, job they do
Experience – safety training?
Something interesting, e.g......
– Claim to fame!
– Interests
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Aim
To enhance delegates existing training / experience with an understanding of the influence they as individuals have on health & safety performance, as an integral part of what we do.
To develop a partnership in which all persons involved with “xxx” projects will have an input into achieving the goal of “ABC” through the life of the project.
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What is ABC?
‘Achieving Behavioural Change (ABC)’
– A determination and belief that no one should have to be injured, or worse in the course of their work.
– The need of communication and worker engagement in reporting near hits/misses, as a positive means of preventing ill-health and severe accidents and incidents
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Following the course you will be able to: List the Legal Duties of Employers and Employees Define Hazards, Risks and Control Measures List Possible Causes of Accidents Appreciate the Link between Attitude, Behaviour, Consultation and
Cooperation (communication and worker engagement) Appreciate the Costs of Poor Safety Performance Appreciate the Benefits of Good Safety Performance and positives
of reporting near hits/ misses Put ‘ABC’ into Practice using the ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Card Successfully Complete the Course Assessment
Objectives
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Legal reasons
Financial reasons
Moral reasons
Why Manage Health and Safety?
Legal Duties
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Exercise 1 – Consequences of an Accident
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Facts about Health & Safety
Fatal & ill Health - Figures are for years 1981 to 2006/2007
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
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Not intended to stop work being done Intended to make those with duties Stop and Think
how it can be done safely
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Provides good framework for H&S in workplaces Sets minimum standards Makes safety everyone's business
Health and Safety at Work?
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Exercise 2 – Legal Duties
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Legal DutiesEmployers
Ensure health & safety of employees Ensure health & safety of others Provide safe systems and procedures Provide training, supervision etc. Provide safe workplace and equipment Provide welfare facilities and first aid cover Consultation with employees
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Legal DutiesEmployees
Ensure your own health & safety Ensure health & safety of others Co-operate with your employer Don’t interfere with safety equipment etc. Report health & safety problems Use equipment safely as trained
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“It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure,
so far as is reasonably practicable
the health, safety and welfare at work
of all his/her employees”.
Reasonably Practicable – 1
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Reasonably Practicable – 2
•Cost of implementing V’s Risk
(Time, effort etc). High, Medium, Low
•Cost of maintaining. Extent of Risk Elimination/Reduction
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Penalties for getting it wrong – 1
Magistrates Court– Fine up to £20,000 and/or– Prison 6 months
Crown Court– Fine £Unlimited and/or prison– Example most recent: £15,000,000
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Penalties for getting it wrong – 2
Compensation – Insurance Excess
Negligence
Contributory Negligence
Hazard, Risk and Control
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Exercise 3 – Health & Safety Problems
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Foreseeable
75% of Accidents deemed Foreseeable.
If Foreseeable - Then Preventable!
Behaviour– Alertness– Hazard Spotting
Reporting– Actual and Potential
Attitude to Risk– Workplace standards – Unsafe Acts/Conditions– Reporting of Near Hits/Misses
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Accident Triangle – Positive Reporting
The Industry
With True NearMiss Reporting
& Behavioural Change
FatalsMajors3 Day+First AidNear Hit-Misses
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Definitions – 1
• Hazard
A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm.
• Risk
The risk is the likelihood of the harm occurring,during the work coupled with the severity.
• Risk Assessment
Structured and systematic technique to identify hazards,evaluate risks and prioritise actions.
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Definitions – 2
• Method Statement
A documented logical description of a task.
• Risk Control
The measures taken to eliminate hazard or reduce risk to an acceptable level.
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Suitable Controls – ‘ERIC’ Principles
Eliminate Reduce / Substitute (with lesser risk) Engineering controls
– (Isolation, Containment, Guarding) Safe systems of work
– (Information, Instruction, Supervision, Training,)
Warning signage PPE Control
A combination of some or all
may be needed until
risk is adequately controlled
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What is a ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card?
A point of work assessment completed by you A tool which is intended to:
– Compliment the formal risk assessment– Prompts and reminds us to:
–Consider our workplace–Consider our activity–Consider the potential for accidents
You must carry your card at all times on site
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What isWhat is S.T.A.A.R.R.?A tool asking individuals to:A tool asking individuals to:A tool asking individuals to:A tool asking individuals to:
TThink hink TThink hink
AAct ct AAct ct
RRevieweviewRRevieweview
AAssessssessAAssessssess
RReport eport RReport eport
Before commencing the task / job &Before commencing the task / job &
Your controlsYour controls
On Additional controls ?On Additional controls ?
Upon completionUpon completion
Problems encounteredProblems encountered
Use the tool to help youUse the tool to help you
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How is it used / operatedHow is it used / operated
S.T.A.A.R.R.S.T.A.A.R.R.
Contractors staff issued with ‘STAARR’ card
Completed by individuals at the point of work, before commence of the task.
Other contractors working in the area.
Other hazards introduced
Only one assessment need be completed in a group
All team members sign / initial appropriate section
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OperativesOperatives
Complete your group exercise entitled
“Motivating Safety Behaviour”
Managers / SupervisorsManagers / Supervisors
View the following video clips then Complete Part 2 of the tool
kit form “Point of Work Assessment”“STAARR”“STAARR”
24
Other's (specify)
Risk to you from others 12
Risk to others from your work 23Vehicle 11
Uncertified equip. (see supervisor) 22Stored energy or insecure load 10
Adverse weather 21Manual Handling 9
Temperature 20Object overturning / collapsing 8
Poor lighting 19Contact with stationary object 7
Contamination (loose, airborne) 18Risk to plant 6
Electricity 17Heat / fire / explosion 5
Vibration 16Chemicals / harmful substances 4
Noise 15Falling / flying objects 3
Fumes 14Falls from height 2
Dusts 131Slips, trips or falls on same level 1
Point of Work Assessment Identify any hazards that have not been identified in formal risk assessment/method statement.
Video Clip 1Video Clip 1Video Clip 1Video Clip 1
PA
RT
2
T
HIN
KP
AR
T
2
TH
INK
PA
RT
2
T
HIN
KP
AR
T
2
TH
INK
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Introducing the ‘TASK’ Card
Think first
Act safe
Stop if hazardous
Keep safe
Causes of accidents
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Near hit / missNear hit / missNear hit / missNear hit / miss
Hazard – Unsafe Act or ConditionHazard – Unsafe Act or Condition
DeathDeath
Plant/equip Damage Plant/equip Damage Plant/equip Damage Plant/equip Damage
Serious injurySerious injury
First aid injuryFirst aid injuryUnplanned Event
Unplanned Event
AccidentAccidentAccidentAccident
IncidentIncident
OutcomeOutcome
Unplanned Events and Outcomes
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Safe Behaviour
Causes of accidents are:-– Unsafe Acts– Unsafe Conditions
People cause accidents!
NAPO
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Exercise 4A – Unsafe Acts
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Unsafe Acts
Standing on top step of step ladders Removing guards from machines Leaving materials on floor of a corridor Blocking a doorway or escape route Not wearing correct PPE Putting chemicals in unmarked containers Using machines or tools without training
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Exercise 4B – Unsafe Conditions
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Unsafe Conditions
Unstable or dangerous working platform Dangerous machinery Materials and trip hazards on floor Blocked access routes and exits Excessive noise levels, or dust in air etc. Overcrowding External factors such as weather etc.
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Causes of Unsafe Acts and/or Conditions
Lack of:-– Experience– Training
Poor Supervision Laziness Distractions Pressures:-
– Peers– Management
Cost:-– Time– Equipment
Personal Pressures:-– Your team playing
tonight?– Problems at home
Human Errors– Forgetfulness
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Chain of events
Lack of ControlUnsafe Acts
Unsafe ConditionsAccident
Consequences
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Exercise 5 – Costs of Accidents
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Business costs:
Lost time Damaged equipment and materials Loss of contracts Loss of expertise Higher insurance premiums Damaged reputation Fines, Compensation Claims etc.
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Human Cost of Accidents
Physical injury or ill health Pain and suffering Loss of earnings Treatment / medication costs Temporary or permanent inability to enjoy
pastime activities / hobbies and possible Change of Job Change of Lifestyle Stress to family/friends
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Cost of Accidents
Ian wasn’t killed in a building site accident
He just lost his life…
VIDEO
Attitude and Behaviour
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Reminder: Causes of Unsafe Acts/Conditions
Lack of:-– Experience– Training
Poor Supervision Laziness Distractions Pressures:-
– Peers– Management
Cost:-– Time– Equipment
Personal Pressures:-– Your team playing
tonight?– Problems at home
Human Errors– Forgetfulness
NAPO
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Results of behaviour
Safe AttitudePhysical actions
Effect on selfEffect on others
Safe Outcome
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Results of Behaviour
Safe AttitudePhysical actions
Effect on selfEffect on others
Safe Outcome
Unsafe Attitude
Unsafe Outcome
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Experience and Attitude
Experience shapes our attitudes
NAPO
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Experience and Behaviour
Take a short cut
Nothing Accident/Injury
You were lucky
You will do it the same way again(Habit)
HOW LONG WILL LUCK LAST?
You learned the hard way
Next time do it differently(Correct way)
WILL YOU GET A NEXT TIME?
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What else influences attitudes?
Previous experienceOther’s opinionsKnowledge TrainingPerception
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Motivation for Safe Behaviour
Definition:
The enthusiasm for doing something continually safely
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Exercise 6 – Motivation for Safe Behaviour
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Motivation for Safe Behaviour
Reward:– Financial bonus– Promotion– Extra responsibility– Incentive schemes
Active Encouragement of Involvement in:– Decisions on Consultation– Risk Assessments– Safe Systems of Work
Provision of:– Training– Good Working Environment– Welfare Facilities
Explanation of Ultimate Consequences
Consistent/Controlled Discipline
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How to Motivate for Safe Behaviour
Effective clear and timely communication Co-operation and Co-ordination Selection of Competent Persons Sharing Ownership Providing Leadership Never ignoring safety problems Not allowing pressures or other priorities to
influence them to condone deviations or short cuts Being polite Praising safe performance
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Safety Culture
“The way we do things around here”
Benefits of getting it right
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Exercise 7 – Benefits
In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form
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Benefits of ‘ABC’:
Safe working environmentHealthy working environmentBetter lifestyle – less stressSavings in time and moneyA good reputationConsistent safe working
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal
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Understand your legal responsibilities Change of attitudes Influence behaviour – report near hits/misses
and ensure lessons are learnt Identify possible hazards Eliminate or control hazards Realisation of benefits Communicate with others Practice what you preach
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal:
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Achieving the ‘ABC’ GoalEmployers’ Actions
– Induction– Continuous Training– Refreshers– Good Working
Environment– Sufficient well
maintained equipment– Safe Systems of Work
– Appropriate Supervision– Good Communication– Consultation– Regular Team Briefings– Safety Meetings– Tool Box Talks– Resources
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Achieving the ‘ABC’ GoalEmployees Actions
Site Rules:-– Understand & follow them
Induction/Toolbox Talks:-– Listen and ask questions
Comply with SSoW Report problems and watch out for Hazards Check equipment and tags Communicate with others Set a personal example of safe behaviour IF IN ANY DOUBT – ASK – Remember yours is a dynamic
changing environment
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What can we use to prevent this?
A tool designed to help prevention of error– the ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card
Forgetfulness?
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Completed by individuals at point of task– Before commencement of the job
Checked / updated when task / workplace changes– Other contractors move into working area
– Other hazards introduced Only one assessment needed in a group
– All team members sign/initial appropriate section
How is ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Used and Operated
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Task Use and Operation
Only needs to identify problems not in original Risk Assessment
For each hazard identified and ticked there must be an appropriate control
Control measures if...– Complex or– In doubt or– Group cannot agree
Must consult management before continuing
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Exercise 8 – Use of ‘STAAR’ / TASK’ card
In groups, complete each exercise as instructed on the form.
VIDEO
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Dedicated telephone number – xxx will be answered between 0900-1700hrs Monday to Friday
After hours – Answer service only
Contact Hotline
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Contact Hotline
Report Received Form sent to EHS Investigated immediately by appointed EHS and
depending upon severity no later than within 5 working days
Response sent back to the office Conclusion to be posted onto site notice boards or
as appropriate for nature of complaint
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DWP Hotline – Questions Asked
Name (optional anonymity will be respected) Site Name of Contractor Sub-Contractor if applicable Date of Health & Safety Issue Nature of Health & Safety Issue Injury or property damage Management response Would you like a response to this issue?
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Legal Duties - Employer & Employee Hazard, Risk and Control Causes of Accidents Attitude, Behaviour – Communication &
Worker Engagement Benefits of Getting in Right – Problem &
Solution Solving Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal Integral to what we should be doing!
Summary
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Course test
‘We hope you enjoyed and benefited from participating in this course’.
Have a Safe Journey Home