ANAIS RESUMOS · 2018. 5. 30. · Chair: Dr. Valério Monteiro Neto, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma),...

I Simpósio Internacional de Patogênese Microbiana e Desenvolvimento de Drogas - ANAIS

Proceedings of “1st International Symposium on Microbial Pathogenesis and Drug Development”

São Luís – MA I 03 a 06 outubro de 2017

ANAIS – RESUMOS

São Luís

2017




Copyright © 2018 UNIVERSIDADE CEUMA

REITOR

SAULO HENRIQUE BRITO MATOS MARTINS

Pró-Reitor de Pós-Graduação, Pesquisa e Extensão

VALÉRIO MONTEIRO NETO

Coordenador do Mestrado em Biologia Parasitária

ANDREA DE SOUZA MONTEIRO

Coordenador do I Simpósio Internacional de Patogênese Microbiana e Desenvolvimento de Drogas LUÍS CLÁUDIO NASCIMENTO DA SILVA

ORGANIZAÇÃO

AFONSO GOMES ABREU JUNIOR

ANDREA DE SOUZA MONTEIRO

ELIZABETH SOARES FERNANDES

JULLIANA RIBEIRO ALVES DOS SANTOS

LUÍS CLÁUDIO NASCIMENTO DA SILVA

PRODUÇÃO EDITORIAL FERNANDA NAHUZ

HELENA RIBEIRO SOUSA

COMITÊ CIENTÍFICO

Profa. Dra. Andrea de Souza Monteiro

Prof. Dr. Afonso Gomes Abreu Junior

Profa. Dra. Cristina de Andrade Monteiro

Prof. Dr. Eduardo Martins de Sousa

Profa. Dra. Elizabeth Soares Fernandes

Profa. Dra. Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos

Profa. Dra. Karen Angeliki Krogfelt

Prof. Dr. Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto

Profa. Dra. Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim

Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Assunção de Holanda

Prof. Dr. Valerio Monteiro Neto

APOIO

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão - FAPEMA

FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA ELABORADA PELA EDCEUMA

______________________________________________________________________________________________

S612 Simpósio Internacional de Patogênese Microbiana e Desenvolvimento de Drogas (1, 2017: São Luís, MA).

Anais do 1° Simpósio Internacional de Patogênese Microbiana e Desenvolvimento de Drogas: resumos. / Organizadoras: Afonso Gomes Abreu Junior, Andrea de Souza Monteiro, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes, Juliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos e Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva. – São Luís, MA: EDCEUMA, 2017.

70 p. Disponível na internet: <http://www.ceuma.br>. Evento realizado pela Universidade CEUMA – Campus Renascença, São Luís – MA. ISBN 978-85-67714-18-9 1. Antimicrobianos – uso terapêutico. 2. Relações Parasita-Hospedeiro. 3. Bactérias – patogenicidade. 4. Fungos - patogenicidade. 5. Vírus – patogenicidade. I.Abreu Júnior, Afonso Gomes Abreu Júnior. II. Monteiro, Andrea de Souza. III. Fernandes, Elizabeth Soares. IV. Santos, Juliana Ribeiro Alves dos. V. Silva, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da. VI. Título

CDD: 570.01

CDU: 579.2

______________________________________________________________________________________________




APRESENTAÇÃO

PRESENTATION

O evento “1st International Symposium on Microbial Pathogenesis and Drug Development” (I Simpósio Internacional sobre Patogênese Microbiana e Desenvolvimento de Drogas) é extremamente importante para o estado do Maranhão, uma vez que será possível uma ampla discussão dos desafios e perspectivas em relação às infecções microbianas e seu tratamento. É sempre importante ressaltar que o Maranhão ocupa uma posição estratégica no Brazil, ligando diferentes ecossistemas Brazileiros (Amazônia e Cerrado), o que faz deste estado uma importante fonte de Biodiversidade essencial para a descoberta de drogas. Assim, as discussões sobre como desenvolver novos modelos para explorar de forma sustentável esses recursos também são relevantes. Durante este evento, os professores, pesquisadores, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduados terão a oportunidade de acessar e trocar conhecimentos com pesquisadores de renomadas instituições nacionais e internacionais (University of Copenhagen, Staten Serum Institute, University of Virginia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul / PUCRS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul / UFGRS, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / UFMG, Universidade Federal do Maranhão / UFMA, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro / UFRJ, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco / UFPE, Universidade Federal do Pará / UFPA, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora / UFJF, Universidade de São Paulo / USP, Instituto Butantā e Centro de Pesquisas Ageu Magalhães / CPqAM da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Fiocruz). Nesse sentido, o “1st International Symposium on Microbial Pathogenesis and Drug Development” é uma oportunidade excepcional para os pesquisadores do Maranhão criar e/ou solidificar colaborações com essas instituições. Acreditamos que essas conexões são extremamente importantes para o desenvolvimento científico do Maranhão.

Obrigado por sua participação e até a próxima edição! Comissão Executiva

The event "1st International Symposium on Microbial Pathogenesis and Drug Development" is extremely important for the state of Maranhão as it will be possible to have a wide discussion of the challenges and prospects for infections microbial and its treatment. It is always important to emphasize that Maranhão occupies a strategic position in Brazil, linking different Brazilian ecosystems (Amazon and Cerrado), which makes this state an important source of Biodiversity essential for the discovery of drugs. Thus, discussions on how to develop new models to exploit these resources sustainably are also relevant. During this event, teachers, researchers, undergraduates and postgraduates will have the opportunity to access and exchange knowledge with researchers from renowned national and international institutions (Staten Serum Institute, University of Virginia, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul / Federal University of Pernambuco / UFPE, Federal University of Minas Gerais / UFMG, Federal University of Maranhão / UFMA UFPA, Federal University of Juiz de Fora / UFJF, University of São Paulo / USP, Butantā Institute and Ageu Magalhães Research Center / CPqAM of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation / Fiocruz). In this sense, the "1st International Symposium on Microbial Pathogenesis and Drug Development" is an exceptional opportunity for Maranhão researchers to create and / or solidify collaborations with these institutions. We believe that these connections are extremely important for the scientific development of Maranhão.

Thanks for your participation and until the next issue! Executive Comission




PROGRAMAÇÃO - PROGRAMMING

Terça-feira, 3 de Outubro - Tuesday, October 3rd

8h – 19h CADASTRO - REGISTRATION

19h30min

Conferência de Abertura - Opening Conference “Gut microbiota and host interaction” Dr. Karen Angeliki Krogfelt

Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark Chair: Dr. Valério Monteiro Neto, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil

20h30min ENCERRAMENTO – CLOSING (Coquetel – Cocktail / Apresentação Cultural – Cultural Presentation)

Quarta-feira, 4 de Outubro - Wednesday, October 4th

8h30min – 9h30min

Conferência 1 - Conference 1 “The two-way road linking infection and inflammation” Dr. Maria Martha Campos Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre – RS, Brazil Chair: Dr. Elizabeth Fernandes Soares, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil.

9h45min -12h

Sessão Plenária 01 - Plenary Session 01 “New targets for antimicrobial development” Chair: Dr. Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil. “Developing anti-adherence surface using natural products” Dr. Alexandre José de Macedo, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil “Design, purification and action mechanism of antimicrobial peptides” Dr. Octávio Luiz Franco, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasília - DF, Brazil. “DNA replication machinery as target for new antimicrobials” Dr. Anders Løbner-Olesen, University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Copenhagen, Denmark

12h – 14h ALMOÇO - LUNCH

14h – 17h

Sessão Plenária 02 - Plenary Session 02 “Mechanisms of resistance and virulence of pathogens” Chair: Dr. Afonso Gomes Abreu Junior, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís -MA, Brazil. “Mechanisms involved on Klebsiella pneumoniae virulence”

Dr. Carsten Struve, Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark “Strategies of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli to promote pathogenesis” Dr. Waldir Pereira Elias Júnior, Instituto Butantã, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. “Characterization of the structural determinants of fungal capsules related to pathogenesis and virulence” Dr. Susana Frases Cravajal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil. “Strategies of Pathogenic Escherichia Coli to Colonize the Host” Dr. Jorge A. Girón, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville - VA, USA

17h – 17h50min COFFEE BREAK

16h30min – 19h Sessão de Posters - Poster Session




Quinta-feira 5 de Outubro - Thursday, October 5th

8h30min -10h30min

Plenary Session 03 – Immunopathogenesis of infectious diseases Chair: Dr. Elizabeth Fernandes Soares, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil “Zika vírus and host interaction” Danielle da Glória de Souza, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil “Immune response characterization of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients cells” Dr. Maria Carolina Accioly Brelaz de Castro, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife - PE, Brazil.

11h -12h Conferência 2 - Conference 2 “Heteroresistance and fungi” Dr. Gabriella Freitas Ferreira, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora - MG, Brazil

12h – 14h ALMOÇO - LUNCH

14h – 16h30min

Sessão Plenária 04 - Plenary Session 04 “Panorama of Postgraduate Courses of North and Northeast regions of Brazil” Chair: Dr. Andrea de Souza Monteiro, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil. “Postgraduate Program of Medical Microbiology” Dr. Adriano Penha Furtado, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Bélem - PA, Brazil. “Postgraduate Program of Biological Sciences” Dr. Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife – PE, Brazil “Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology” Dr. Patricia Maia Correia de Albuquerque, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís - MA, Brazil. “Professional Master's Program of Microbiology” Dr. Cláudio Antonio Bonjardim, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil

17h – 17h50min COFFEE BREAK

16h30min – 19h

Sessão de Posters - Poster Session

Sexta-feira 6 de Outubro - Friday, October 6th

9h – 18h

Mini Cursos - Mini-Courses “Microscopy techniques for studying Parasite biology” Dr. Jana Messias Sandes, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFMG), Recife - PE, Brazil Dr. Amanda Silva dos Santos Aliança, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma), São Luís - MA, Brazil “Design and characterization of viral antigens for vaccine and diagnostic.” Dr. Isabelle Freire Tabosa Viana, Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM). Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Recife - PE, Brazil “Techniques for virus cultivation” Dr. Cláudia Trigo Pedroso de Moraes, Instituto Butantã, São Paulo - SP, Brazil




SUMÁRIO

Antagonist effect of Lactobacillus spp. soluble factors against Candida albicans isolated from vaginal microbiota. SANTOS, Camilla Itapary dos Santos; FRANÇA, Yasmine Ramos; CASTELO BRANCO, Simeone Júlio dos Santos; MONTEIRO Andréa de Souza; MONTEIRO NETO, Valério; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade.

11.

Antifungal potential of an essential oil against Candida spp from onychomycosis. ATHAIDE NETA, Olinda Soares; MENDES, Iven Neylla Farias Vale; FERNANDES, Elizabeth Soares; NASCIMENTO, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade.

12.

Antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. Isolated from tuberculosis patients. MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; FERREIRA, Rayana Larissa Pinheiro Soares; MENDES, Amanda Graziela Gonçalves; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; ARAÚJO, Ione Cristine da Silva de; AZEVEDO, Conceição de Maria Pedroso e Silva de; MARQUES, Sirlei Garcia; DINIZ, Yankee Costa Magalhães; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos

13.

Antimicrobial activity analysis of Catappa terminalia extract on Mycobacterium abscessus. CARVALHO, Gesanaje da Paz; LOBATO, Luis Felipe Lima; MORAIS, Roseana Muniz Diniz Danilo de Araujo; FRANÇA, Yasmine Ramos; ZAGMIGNAN, Adrielle; SOUSA, Eduardo Martins de.

14.

Antimicrobial activity of Terminalia catappa ethyl acetate fraction agaisnt respiratory pathogens. LOBATO, Luis Felipe Lima; CARVALHO, Gesanaje da Paz: ZAGMIGNAN, Adrielle; SOUSA, Eduardo Martins de

15.

Antimicrobial activity of Psidium cattleianum essencial oil against Corynebacterium diphtheriae. NASCIMENTO, Katyane Silva; ALVES, Marcia Barros; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; MENDES, Leandra Sofia dos Santos; LEITE, Denes Sousa; GUARALD, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

16.

Antimicrobial resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from immunocompromised patients. RODRIGUES, Lílya Xelle de Brito; MELO, Bruna de Oliveira de; CARMO, Monique Santos do; ROCHA, Carla Cunha; BONFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma; MONTEIRO NETO, Valério.

17.

Biofilm formation and characterization of pathogenicity in Tenebrio molitor host model by Corynebacterium propinquum strains. ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; SANTOS, Jéssica Silva dos; ALVES, Márcia Barros; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; SANTOS, Juliana Ribeiro Alves dos; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

18.

Biofilm production and pathogenicity in the Tenebrio molitor insect by Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum strains isolated from humans in Maranhão, Brazil. ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; SANTOS, Jéssica Silva dos; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; FERRO, Thiago Azevedo Feitosa; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da; SOUZA, Mônica Cristina de; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

19.

Bioprospecting of endophytic microorganisms in plants of the medicinal garden of an institution of higher education. MARTINS, Ábia de Jesus; ARAÚJO, Thalison Romulo Rocha; SANTOS, Sâmia Melo M; MENDES, Saulo José Figueiredo; MIRANDA, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de.

20.

Bioprospection of microorganisms with biotechnological interest isolated in mangrove ecosystem. DIAS, Léon Ruben Lopes; BASTOS, Diana Karla Lourenço; COSTA, Mariana Santos; SILVA, Queren Hapuque Sousa da; SILVA, Maria Raimunda Chagas; MIRANDA, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de.

21.

Cratylia mollis lectin prevents Staphylococcus aureus infection in Tenebrio molitor larvae. SUAREZ, Mariela Andrea Medeiros; COLASSO, Arthur Henrique Mendes; BARROS, Thayná Fernandes; MAIA, Hermerson Sousa; CUNHA, Cassia Regina Alburquerque da; CORREIA, Maria Tereza dos Santos; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da

22.

Cytotoxic effect of Chenopodium ambrosioides in epithelial cells. CASTELO BRANCO, Simeone Júlio dos Santos; FONTES, Valéria Costa; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; GONÇALVES, Letícia Machado; ZAGO, Patricia Maria Wiziack

23.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28743086




Cytotoxic effect of Hibiscus acetosella (WELW) hidroalcoholic extract in epithelial cell. FONTES, Valéria Costa; CASTELO BRANCO, Simeone Júlio dos Santos; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; ZAGO, Patricia Maria Wiziack

24.

Cytotoxic effects of sepa: a Serine Protease Autotransporter Protein of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE). ANDRADE, Fernanda Batista de; NEPOMUCENO, Roberto de Souza Lima; PIAZZA, Roxane Maria Fontes; ELIAS, Waldir Pereira

25.

Development of alginate based films for encapsulation of essential oils and wound healing. CARVALHO, Vanessa F. M.; MATTOS, Jenyffer; DILVA, Mattos, Luis Claudio N. da; FERNANDES, Elizabeth S.; LOPES, Luciana B.

26.

Diphtheria and infectious mononucleosis as coinfections in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Ana Antunes; Nadjla Ferreira Souza; Katyane Silva Nascimento; Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo*; Liliane Simpson Lourêdo; Mônica Cristina de Souza; Priscila Soares Sabbadini; Ana Luíza de Mattos-Guaraldi.

27.

Effects of Punica granatum l leaves extract on biofilm formation of Candida albicans oral isolates from AIDS patients. LIMA, Evenny Nascimento; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos; ROCHA, Flaviane Maria Galvão; ROCHA, Carlos Henrique Lopes; PINHEIRO, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade.

28.

Elaboration of a database with all CRISPR certified information: CRISPR archives. SOARES, Lucas Weba; ATHAIDE NETA, Olinda Soares; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Alexsander Rodrigues; FRANÇA, Hermeson Lima; MORAES NETO, Roberval Nascimento; CRUZ, Allan Kássio Beckman Soares da; ALVES, Matheus Silva.

29.

Evaluating the antimicrobial potential of Cinnamomum verum essential oil against Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated in Maranhão, Brazil. ALVES, Marcia Barros; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; NASCIMENTO, Katyane Silva; ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; MENDES, Leandra Sofia dos Santos; VIANA, Pamela Ruth Santos; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

30.

Evaluation of antifungal activity of Punica granatum extract against Cryptococcus ssp. MENDES, Amanda Graziela Gonçalves; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira; PINHEIRO, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos.

31.

Evaluation of antifungal activity of Syagrus coronata seed oil against Cryptococcus spp. ARAÚJO, Ione Cristine da Siva de; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; MENDES, Thayariane Lira; FURTADO, Haryne Lizandrey Azevedo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Alexsander Rodrigues; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos.

32.

Evaluation of antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activities of Himatanthus drasticus. FIGUEIREDO, Cristiane Santos Silva e Silva; CASTELO BRANCO, Joice; CASTRO JÚNIOR, José Artur de Aguiar; WAKUI, Vinícius G.; RODRIGUES, João Francisco Silva; ARRUDA, Mariana Oliveira; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza; MONTEIRO-NETO, Valério; BONFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma; KATO, Lucília; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da; GRISOTTO, Marcos Augusto Grigolin.

33.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of quercetin against Staphylococcus aureus. MENDES, Aleff Ricardo Santos; CASTELO BRANCO, Simeone Júlio dos Santos; FONTES, Valéria Costa; LINS, Jadiel de Abreu Pimenta; GONÇALVES, Jaciara Sá; DOURADO, Ádylla Willena Alves; ZAGO, Patrícia Maria Wiziack; PINHEIRO, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; LIMA NETO, Lidio Gonçalves.

34.

Evaluation of in vivo antimicrobial effects of latex obtained from Euphorbia Tirucalli lineu using Tenebrio mollitor larva as model. COLOSSO, Arthur Henrique Mendes; MAIA, Hermerson Sousa; FIGUEIREDO, Isabella Fernandes da Silva; PONTES, Jaqueline Pessoa; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; ARAÚJO, Mizael Calácio; BARROS, Thayná Fernandes; SILVA, Luís Claudio Nascimento da; UCHÔA, Michelle Russo Bendelack.

35.

Evaluation of leprosy in a Reference Health Unit, São LuÍs – MA (Brazil). SANTOS, Cindy Márvia Neves dos; FERREIRA, Ivelize Cristina Mendes; MARQUES, Jadyelma Ramos; SILVA, Tayssa Nayra Correia da; CRUZ, Dinaura Maramaldo.

36.





Evaluation of phospholipases as a factor of virulence of pathogenic fungi in tuberculosis patients. FERREIRA, Rayana Larissa Pinheiro Soares; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; MENDES, Amanda Graziela Gonçalves; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; ARAÚJO, Ione Cristine da Silva de; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade; MARQUES, Sirlei Garcia; CUTRIM, Heylane Ferreira; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos.

37.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of Theobroma grandiflorum (Cupuaçu) seed extract in Escherichia coli infection in vivo. PONTES, Jaqueline Pessoa; FIGUEIREDO, Isabella Fernandes da Silva; PEREIRA, Domingos Magno Santos; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; BARROS, Thayná Fernandes; ROCHA, Cláudia Quintino da; ALMEIDA, Luciana Salles Branco de; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da; FERNANDES, Elizabeth Soares.

38.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of Anacardium occidentalis and Caesalpinia leiostachya extracts. FARAH, Emmanueli Iracema; MONTEIRO, J. M.; PORTELA, C. E.; MENDES, Aleff Ricardo Santos; RABELO, Hérica Polyana Silva; P. S. M.; CARVALHO, M. J. F.; SOUZA, Marcus Vinicius Dias; SANTOS, Vera Lúcia; FERREIRA, Gabriella Freitas; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza.

39.

Evaluation of the effects of Punica granatum in the hepatic oxidative stress of septic mice. ARAÚJO, Mizael Calácio; SOUSA, Nágila Caroline Fialho; FIGUEIREDO, Isabella Fernandes da Silva; PEREIRA, Domingos Magno Santos; TEIXEIRA, Simone Aparecida; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; MUSCARÁ, Marcelo Nicolás; FERNANDES, Elizabeth Soares.

40.

Evaluation of the immune response against protein involved in colonization in murine model of sepsis. DUTRA, Itaynara Lobato; LIMA, Yago Abreu; NASCIMENTO, Johnny Ramos do; VALE, André Álvares Marques; ALVES, Patricia Costa dos Santos; TROVÃO, Liana de Oliveira; ASSUNÇÃO, Raissa Guará; SILVA, Rosa Maria; ELIAS JÚNIOR, Waldir Pereira; SOUSA, Eduardo Martins de; NASCIMENTO, Flavia Raquel Fernandes do; ABREU JÚNIOR, Afonso Gomes

41.

Evaluation of the in vivo efficacy of Senna splendida extracts against Staphylococcus aureus. BARROS, Thayna Fernandes; SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; SILVA, Tiago Fonseca da; FIGUEIREDO, Isabella Fernandes da Silva; PONTES, Jaqueline Pessoa; COLASSO, Arthur Henrique Mendes; MAIA, Hermerson Sousa; CORREIA, Maria Tereza dos Santos; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da.

42.

Evaluation of virulence factors of Corynebacterium diphtheria. SANTOS, Jéssica Silva dos; ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

43.

Experimental design to improve the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 in Cupuaçu (Theobromagrandiflorum) juice. MAIA, Hermerson Sousa; OLIVEIRA, Brenda Ferreira de; SALES, Amanda Caroline de Souza; BARROS, Thayná Fernandes; COLASSO, Arthur Henrique Mendes; ZAGMIGNAN, Adrielle; MIRANDA, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da

44.

Hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia catappa leaves inhibits growth of Cryptococcus gattii. ROCHA, Carlos Henrique Lopes; ROCHA, Flaviane Maria Galvão; MONTEIRO, Cristina Andrade; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves; HOLANDA, Rodrigo Assunção.

45.

In vitro study of the synergistic activity between the butanolic fraction of Terminalia catappa hidroalcoholic leves extract and fluconazol against Candida albicans. ROCHA, Flaviane Maria Galvão; ROCHA, Carlos Henrique Lopes; SILVA, Anderson França da; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos; ASSUNÇÃO, Rodrigo Holanda; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade.

46.

Inhibition of Corynebacterium ulcerans biofilm formation by Plathymenia reticulata benth and in vitro toxicity. FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; VIANA, Pamela Ruth Santos; LEITE, Denes Sousa Leite; NASCIMENTO, Katyane Silva; ARAÚJO, Jéssica Mayara Mendes; ALVES, Márcia Barros; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos; SABBADINI, Priscila Soares.

47.

Investigation of the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of Punica granatum L. IN C57BL/6J mice infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae. MENDES, Aleff Ricardo Santos; PINHEIRO, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; LIMA NETO, Lidio Gonçalves.

48.




Isolation of Cryptococcus spp. from pigeon droppings (Columba livia) in areas near to health care centers of São Luís, Maranhão. PINHEIRO, Edilene de Araújo Diniz; MENDES, Amanda Graziela Gonçalves; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; SILVA, Fabricio Brito; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos.

49.

Microbiological analysis of Crassostrea rhizophorae oysters commercialized on a beach in São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brazil. CORRÊA, Naiane de Fatima Santiago; PERREIRA, Ana Beatriz Dutra; AMORIM, Brenda Castro; FERREIRA, Jethania Glasses Cutrim Furtado; MARINHO, Silvio Carvalho; RABELO, Weslley Phelix Silveira; RODRIGUES, Elisa Santos Magalhães; ROCHA, Marina Sousa; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Sousa; RABELO, MARTINS, Hérika Polyana Silva.

50.

Molecular characterization of providencia rettgeri clinical strains carrying the BLANDM and BLATEM genes. NUNES NETO, Wallace Ribeiro; BOMFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma; MONTEIRO, Joveliane de Melo; PORTELA, Carlos Eduardo; CARVALHO, Matheus José Ferreira; MELLO, Bruna de Oliveira de; OLIVEIRA, Gabriela Chaves de; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza

51.

Molecular investigation of resistance gene to colistin in clinical isolates from patients of São Luis - MA. MELO, Bruna de Oliveira de; NITZ, Fabiana; TURRI, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes; MONTEIRO, Andreia Sousa; MARQUES, Sirley Garcia; COSME, Lecia Maria Sousa Santos; MONTEIRO NETO, Valerio; CARMO, Monique Santos do; OLIVEIRA, Ozama Martins de; SILVA, Telma de França Carvalho; RODRIGUES, Lilya Xelle de Brito; BONFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma.

52.

MRPA gene expression in antimony resistant Leishmania infantum strains. SOARES, Gustavo Henrique Corrêa; OLIVEIRA, Robson Pontes de; SOUSA, Juliana Mendes; AGUIAR, Andressa Silva; GONÇALVES, Ricardo Mendes Gonçalves; MOREIRA, Vanessa Ribeiro; AZEVEDO, Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de; LIMA, Mayara Ingrid Sousa.

53.

One-step reverse transcription-PCR for detection of arboviruses in serum samples of patients assisted in basic health units in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. NUNES, Jadna Patricia Pinheiro; MELO, Bruna de Oliveira de; PINTO, Conceição de Maria Fernandes da Silva; COSME, Lecia Maria Sousa Santos; TURRI, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes; FALCAI, Angela; MOFFA, Eduardo Buozi; ABREU, Afonso Gomes; MONTEIRO, Silvio Gomes; BOMFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma

54.

Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from diphtheria outbreak in Pernambuco, Brazil. SILVA, Cecilia Maria Ferreira da; LOURÊDO, Liliane Simpson; FIRMO, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo; SANTOS, Louisy Sanches dos; HIDRATA JÚNIOR, Raphael; SABBADNI, Priscila Soares; GUARALDI, Ana Luíza de Mattos.

55.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of the providencia stuartii harboring BLANDM from clinical samples. MONTEIRO, Joveliane De Melo; REIS, Alexsandro Guimarães; NUNES NETO, Wallace Ribeiro; OLIVEIRA, Gabriela Chaves de; MELO, Bruna de Oliveira de; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza; BONFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma

56.

Phytochemical characterization of Terminalia catappa linn. Extracts and their antifungal activities against Candida spp. MENDONÇA, Aline Michelle Silva; PINTO, Anna Rhaabe Braga; COSTA, Paola Caroline da Silva; SILVA, Anderson França da; MOFFA, Eduardo Buozi; TORRES, Luce Maria Brandão; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade.

57.

Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Manilkara zapota extract against microorganisms of clinical interest. SILVA, Douglas Henrique dos Santos; TIMÓTEO, Drielly Costa; FERREIRA, Annyta da Cruz; MELO, Jeiny Randyelen Sá; CAMARA, Marcos Bispo Pinheiro; COSTA, Nadine Cunha; NUNES, Gilberth Silva; MORAES, Francyelle Costa.

58.

PIC stimulates M1 macrophage polarization with intense inflammatory response. LIMA, Yago Abreu; DUTRA, Itaynara Lobato; NASCIMENTO, Johnny Ramos; VALE, André Alvares Marques; SOUSA, Eduardo Martins de; SILVA, Rosa Maria; ELIAS, Waldir Pereira; NASCIMENTO, Flávia Raquel Fernandes; ABREU, Afonso Gomes

59.




Pneumonia cases in a public hospitals of São Luís - MA. ASSUNÇÃO, Raissa Guará; GONÇALVES, Mayana Beatriz Saraiva; PEREIRA, Wellison Amorim; NOVAIS, Tânia Maria Gaspar; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; ABREU, Afonso Gomes

60.

Psychophysical visual evaluation of ocular toxoplasmosis: case report. VIEIRA, Raissa Cerveira; FERREIRA, Juliana Abenante Fernandes; LACERDA, Eliza Maria da Costa Brito

61.

Resistance profile of bacteria isolated from Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Intensive Treatment Units. REGO, Mariana Cavaignac Sousa do; SOUSA, Roniere Viana; GONÇALVES, Mayana Beatriz Saraiva; FERREIRA, Hivylla Lohanna Santos; CHAVES, Susana Fernandes; MELÔNIO, Luciana da Conceição Machado; MARQUES, Sirlei Garcia; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; ABREU, Afonso Gomes

62.

Resistance profile, production of exoenzymes and hemolysins by clinical samples of Serratia marcescens MARTINS, Samantha Alvares; SOUSA, Edelson Lima; CONSTANTINO, Sâmia Fernanda Rocha; MACIEL, Wene Dayane Machado; MORAES, Francyelle Costa

63.

Senna splendida: evaluation of antimicrobial activities and combinatory effect with antibiotics. SANTOS, Joice Castelo Branco; ARAÚJO, Ione Cristine da Silva de; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; SOARES, Rayanna Larissa Pinheiro; SOUSA, Monica Naufel de; FERNANDES, Thayná Barros; COLASSO, Arthur Henrique Mendes; PONTES, Jaqueline Pessoa; SILVA, Tiago Fonseca da; CORREIA, Maria Tereza dos Santos; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da

64.

Sulforaphane modulates joint inflammation in mouse CFA-induced Mono-arthritis. RODRIGUES, João Francisco S.; SILVA, Cristiane Santos; MUNIZ, Thayanne F.; NINA, Larissa N. S.; SILVA, Luis Claudio Nascimento da; FERNANDES, Elizabeth Soares; GRISOTTO, Marcos Augusto Grigolin

65.

Susceptibility of microorganism isolated from diabetic foot infections of patients in a public Hospital of São Luís - MA. PEREIRA, Maury Luz; CAMPELO, Bruno Carvalho; CANTENHEDE, Eriko Brito; COSTA, Paola Caroline da Silva; MARQUES, Sirlei Garcia; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade

66.

Synergisms between Terminalia catappa extract and fluconazole and its effect on Candida albicans membrane integrity. COSTA, Paola Caroline da Silva; FERRO, Amanda Costa; PINTO, Anna Rhaabe Braga; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos; MOFFA, Eduardo Buozi; SILVA, Luis Claúdio Nascimento da; MONTEIRO, Cristina de Andrade

67.

Targeting the immune system with plant lectins to combat microbial infections. MORAES NETO, Roberval Nascimento; SOARES, Lucas Weba; ZAGMIGNAN, Adrielle; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da

68.

The effect of Punica granatum extract against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. SOUSA, Monica Naufel de; MACEDO, Alessandra Teixeira de; SANTOS, Joyce Castelo Branco; ARAÚJO, Ione Cristine da Silva; FERREIRA, Rayana Larrisa Pinheiro Soares; PINHEIRO, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; LIMA NETO, Lídio Gonçalves; SANTOS, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos

69.

Virulence and resistance features of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from blood cultures of patients treated in Hospitals in São Luís – MA, Brazil. NITZ, Fabiana; MELO, Bruna de Oliveira de; MONTEIRO, Andrea de Souza; MARQUES, Sirlei Garcia; TURRI, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes; BOMFIM, Maria Rosa Quaresma

70.




11 Universidade CEUMA

Pró-reitoria de Pós-graduação Pesquisa e Extensão

ANTAGONIST EFFECT OF Lactobacillus spp. SOLUBLE FACTORS AGAINST Candida albicans

ISOLATED FROM VAGINAL MICROBIOTA

Camilla Itapary dos Santos1,2; Yasmine Ramos França1; Simeone Júlio dos Santos Castelo Branco1; Andréa de Souza Monteiro1; Valério Monteiro Neto1,2; Cristina de Andrade Monteiro1,3.

[email protected]

1 CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 3 Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA) - Av. Getúlio Vargas n.4, Monte Castelo - São Luís/MA, 65030-005, Brazil.

Candida yeasts are usually found in the vaginal microbiota and when there is a disturb between host factors and microorganisms such as lactobacilli, manifestation of the disease known as vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) occurs. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus spp and Candida albicans isolated from vulvovaginal cavity. To verify this, antagonism assay was performed by overlay technique and verified biosurfactant production by Lactobacillus. The biosurfactants were tested during adhesion process and C. albicans biofilm formation. The test to evaluate cytotoxicity of biosurfactants was performed in human keratinocytes using the Alamar Blue test. Antagonism assay showed that 15 of 19 Lactobacillus strains, including five strains of reference, had inhibitory effect against C. albicans with zones varying from 9.5 to 28.5 mm, with clinical L. paracasei LV11 strain able to form the largest inhibition zone among clinical isolates. Regarding biosurfactant production, 7 of 19 samples were producers, including three clinical strains. The biosurfactant produced by clinical L. crispatus LV1, increased C. albicans CV25 adhesion. During co-incubation biofilm assay all three clinical Lactobacillus were capable to decrease C. albicans biofilm formation, while in pre-incubation only L. crispatus LV1 biosurfactant was able to reduce in 53% C. albicans CV8 biofilm. Cytotoxic assay have shown only L. fermentum ATCC 23271 biosurfactant was cytotoxic, decreasing in 26% the cellular viability. In conclusion, we can suggest Lactobacillus spp have some mechanisms that are able to control the overgrowing and expression of C. albicans virulence devices. Keywords: Candida albicans – virology; Lactobacillus spp – metabolism

mailto:[email protected]






ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF AN ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST Candida spp FROM ONYCHOMYCOSIS

Olinda Soares Athaide Neta1, Iven Neylla Farias Vale Mendes2, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes3, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento4, Cristina de Andrade Monteiro3

[email protected]

1 Undergraduate Student, Biomedicine. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology. RENORBIO. Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) – Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 3 Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology. RENORBIO. Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) – Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil;

Candida spp. are potentially pathogenic yeasts that are part of the normal human microbiota. Onychomycoses are infections in the nail plate caused by the action of dermatophyte, non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi and yeasts. They can be difficult to treat even in individuals without previous immunological involvement. Due to the fact that both fungi and humans are made up of eukaryotic cells, the discovery of new antifungal therapies has been a challenge. The interaction between fungi and plants (especially due to the occurrence of phytopathogens) provides a selective pressure so that vegetables are constantly acquiring fungal growth control strategies, thus presenting a good source for new antifungal agents. In this sense, the present study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an essential oil with recognized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties (called by us initially “ivenolind”) on yeasts of the genus Candida. Microdilution methodology used was that described by CLSI standard M7-A6. Ten different concentrations (2500μg to 4.5μg) of the oil diluted in DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) were tested against four Candida spp. isolates from onychomycosis and the reference strain Candida albicans ATCC 90028. Microplates were incubated for 48 hours and thereafter growth was observed in each well. The MIC obtained was 39 μg/ml for all tested strains. MIC50 was found at 19 μg/ml. These data show that the oil studied has an antifungal potential. New experiments will be conducted, seeking a better understanding of the activity of this compound.

Keywords: Essential Oil – therapeutic use; Onychomycoses - microbiology; Antifungal Agents - metabolism







ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Candida spp. ISOLATED FROM TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

Alessandra Teixeira de Macedo1*; Rayana Larissa Pinheiro Soares Ferreira1; Amanda Graziela Gonçalves Mendes1; Joice Castelo Branco Santos1; Ione Cristine da Silva de Araújo1; Conceição de Maria Pedroso e

Silva de Azevedo2; Sirlei Garcia Marques3, Yankee Costa Magalhães Diniz3; Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1

[email protected] 1 Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 3 Cedro Laboratory – Av. Silva Maia n. 81, Centro - São Luís/MA, 65020-570, Brazil.

The rate of tuberculosis and pulmonary mycosis co-infection in human has been increased in Brazil. Immune disturbances, lack of diagnosis and the use of non-specific drugs for reduction of microbial burden could be associated to the augmentation of the co-morbidities. Here, we evaluate the antifungal susceptibility of pathogenic fungi isolated from patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in public hospitals of Maranhão, Brazil. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the CEUMA University. The sputum, bronchial lavage, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, serum were sown onto Sabouraud-Dextrose agar and incubated at 28 ºC and 37 ºC for 10 days. The identification and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were performed using VITEK 2 equipment. Candida albicans was isolated in 70 % of patients, followed by C. tropicalis (30%). In the antifungal drug test, all samples were susceptible to amphotericin B (0.5/0.25 µg/mL), caspofungin (≤ 0.25 µg/mL), fluconazole (≤ 1 µg/mL), micafungin (≤ 0.06 µg/mL) and voriconazole (≤ 0.12 µg/mL). The early diagnosis and suitable drugs therapy in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and pulmonary mycosis contribute to a better prognosis. Keywords: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Candida, drug effects.







ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ANALYSIS OF CATAPPA TERMINALIA EXTRACT ON Mycobacterium

abscessus.

Gesanaje da Paz Carvalho¹, Luis Felipe Lima Lobato1, Roseana Muniz Diniz¹ Danilo de Araujo Morais1, Yasmine Ramos França¹, Adrielle Zagmignan1, Eduardo Martins de Sousa1

[email protected]

1 CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Due to the HIV epidemic, several species of mycobacteria have come to act as opportunistic agents. Brazil presents one of the largest biodiversity on the planet, presenting a wide variety of biomes that reflect a wealth of flora and fauna. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia catappa (TcHE) in fast growing mycobacteria. The leaves of the plant were collected, dried and macerated with alcohol / water solution (7:3). The TcHE was concentrated by rotoevaporation and stored at -20ºC until use. A sample of clinical isolates of MCR (Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii) was used for the assays. The bacterial strain were submitted to the broth microdilution assay to determine the antimicrobial activity, with MIC values determined by the colorimetric assay (resazurin). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined after 3 days in Mueller Hinton broth having the highest concentration 100mg and the lowest concentration 0.39mg. The lowest tested concentration capable of inhibiting bacterial growth was 1.56mg and the bactericidal concentration minimum (MBC) was determined in 7h11 agar medium where there was no bacterial growth. In view of the results, an important antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii is demonstrated, since this study intends to obtain a better knowledge about the antimicrobial activity of the TcHE for future use as antimicrobial or as an adjuvant in the treatment of infections caused by mycobacteria.

Keywords: Terminalia catappa – microbiologia; Mycobacterium abscessus - patogenicidade







ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Terminalia catappa ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION AGAISNT

RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS.

Luis Felipe Lima Lobato1, Gesanaje da Paz Carvalho¹, Adrielle Zagmignan1, Eduardo Martins de Sousa1. [email protected]

1 Laboratory of Microbiology of Microbiology and Immunology of Respiratory Infections. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is an important public health problem that motivates the interest for searching by new compounds with antimicrobial activity. Here, we evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia catappa (TcEtAc) against pathogenic respiratory bacteria. The plant leaves were collected, dried and macerated with alcohol/water solution (7:3). The hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia catappa (TcHE) was concentrated by rotoevaporation and stored to -20°C until its use. The TcHE was fractionated in solvents with increasing polarity and the TcEtAc fraction was chosen for the tests. The broth microdilution assay was performed to determine the antibacterial activity, with MIC values determined by colorimetric assay (resazurin). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by re-culturing of wells content with concentrations higher than the MIC value. TcEtAc was used ranging from 150 mg/mL to 0,001 mg/mL. The MIC and MBC were determined to ATCC 19606 Acinetobacter baumannii (2.34 mg/mL and 9.37 mg/mL), ATCC 25923 Staphylococcus aureus (0.36 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL), ATCC 343602 MRSA (0.29 mg/mL and 4.68 mg/mL) and to ATCC 27283 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.37 mg/mL and 37.5 mg/mL), respectively. Our data demonstrated an important antimicrobial activity of TcEtAc against pathogenic bacteria of the respiratory tract. Keywords: Terminalia catappa – microbiologia; Doenças do Trato Respiratório - patogenicidade

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma)







ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Psidium cattleianum ESSENCIAL OIL AGAINST Corynebacterium

diphtheria.

Katyane Silva Nascimento¹, Marcia Barros Alves¹, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo¹, Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araújo¹, Leandra Sofia dos Santos Mendes¹, Denes Sousa Leite¹, Ana Luíza de Mattos Guaraldi2, Priscila

Soares Sabbadini1*. [email protected]

1 Laboratory of Bacterial Respiratory and Systemic Diseases. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance. Medical Sciences College (FCM). University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.

Resistance and intermediate susceptibility to the drugs of choice used for eradication of Corynebacterium diphtheriae as penicillin-G and erythromycin have been reported in Brazil. There is a growing interest in the use of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy against various infectious diseases. This work investigated the antimicrobial activity of P. cattleianum essential oil against C. diphtheria isolated from Maranhão, Brazil. For extraction of essential oil (EO), the fresh leaves of P. cattleianum were dried, crushed and submitted to the Clevenger type equipament. Inocula of six strains of C. diphtheriae from Maranhão, Brazil, and two strains from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), prepared in saline (0,9%) and diluted with Mueller Hinton culture medium, were transferred to microplate wells containing EO serial dilutions (initial concentration at 3000 µg/mL) and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Then, 30 μL of resazurin was added to each well, incubating at 37°C for 30 minutes. P. cattleianum EO did not inhibit any strains evaluated. P. cattleianum EO could be combined with antimicrobial compounds to verify synergism action against C. diphtheria.

Keywords: P. cattleianum; Herbal Medicine – trends; Essential Oil – therapeutic use; Corynebacterium diphtheria - therapy

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)








ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM

IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS.

Lílya Xelle de Brito Rodrigues1; Bruna de Oliveira de Melo1; Monique Santos do Carmo1; Carla Cunha Rocha1; Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim1; Valério Monteiro Neto1.

[email protected]


The incidence of nosocomial infections acquired in the intensive care units (ICU) can vary from 12% to 80%. Patients in ICU present higher susceptibility to infections as result of impaired host defense, underlying chronic diseases, long-term hospitalization, immunosuppressive therapies, and colonization by resistant microorganisms, principally gram-negative bacteria. In this study we investigated the presence of major resistance genes in gram-negative microorganisms isolated from patients who are under cancer therapy in a reference cancer hospital of São Luís-MA, from November 2016 to July 2017.The isolates from were identified by Vitek2 and MALDI-TOF, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for detection of the resistance genes blaOXA23-24-51-58; blaKPC; blaTEM; blaCTX-M; blaSHV-1; blaIMP-1; mcr-1 e ampC. Of 28 bacterial strains, 10 were identified as Klebsiella pneumonia, 4 as Escherichia coli, 2 as Proteus mirabilis, 2 as Serratia marcescens; 3 as Acinetobacter baumanni, 4 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 as Enterobacter cloacae, and 2 as Citrobacter freundi. The presence of blaTEM; blaSHV-1; ampC, blaOXA23-24-51-58; blaKPC and blaIMP-1 was detected in 19 isolates, including 7 K. pneumoniae, 4 A. baumanni, 3 P. aeruginosa, 2 C. freundii, 1 E. coli, 1 P. mirabilis, and 1 S. marcescens. Our data are preliminary, but they showed a high frequency of resistance genes in bacteria from these patients. In this context, with the increasing prevalence of nosocomial infections among immunocompromised patients with cancer, molecular methods are essential tools for a more precise investigation of the resistance mechanisms to help in the control of hospital infections by gram-negative bacteria. Keywords: Genes, Bacterial – immunology; Cross Infection - microbiology







BIOFILM FORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENICITY IN Tenebrio molitor HOST

MODEL BY Corynebacterium propinquum STRAINS.

Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araújo1; Jéssica Silva dos Santos1; Márcia Barros Alves1, 2; Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo1, 2; Juliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos 3; Ana Luíza de Mattos Guaraldi 4; Priscila Soares

Sabbadini 1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Bacterial Respiratory and Systemic Diseases. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Student of the Doctoral Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology (Rede Bionorte). Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) - Av. Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos n. 3000 - Manaus/AM, Brazil; 3 Professor of the Master's Degree in Parasitary Biology. University CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance. Medical Sciences College (FCM). University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.

Corynebacterium propinquum, Gram-positive bacillus belonging to the human microbiota, has been associated with serious infections, mainly in immunocompromised patients. The virulence factors of this pathogen have not yet been fully elucidated and, therefore, this study had as objective to evaluate the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, genotypic evaluation to the detection of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, adhesion to n-hexadecane, biofilm formation on hydrophilic (glass and stainless steel) and hydrophobic (Polystyrene and polyurethane) surfaces, in addition to the interaction of Tenebrio molitor with C. propinquum strains isolated in the state of Maranhão. Strains were isolated from the nasopharynx (n= 6) and oropharynx (n=1) of nosocomial patients. All C. propinquum strains were sensitive to penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, imipenem, cefotaxime, tetracycline, gentamicin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Many isolated multiresistant showed resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The presence of the deoxyribonuclease enzyme gene was not observed for all C. propinquum isolates. Different degrees of surface hydrophobicity were visualized, all strains being considered hydrophobic by the adhesion test to n-hexadecane. Biofilm formation on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces was observed, but the only oropharynx isolate was the second most adherent to stainless steel and the one most adherent to polyurethane. In addition, C. propinquum strains significantly reduced the survival of infected T. molitor larvae. Thus, C. propinquum has been shown to present several factors that may contribute to the onset and dissemination of infections. However, additional studies are needed to better understand the virulence mechanisms expressed by this pathogen. Keywords: Corynebacterium propinquum – virology; Tenebrio molitor – immunology; Tenebrio molitor - virology







BIOFILM PRODUCTION AND PATHOGENICITY IN THE Tenebrio molitor INSECT BY Corynebacterium

pseudodiphtheriticum STRAINS ISOLATED FROM HUMANS IN MARANHÃO, BRAZIL.

Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araújo1. Jéssica Silva dos Santos1. Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo1,2. Thiago Azevedo Feitosa Ferro3. Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva4. Mônica Cristina de Souza5. Ana Luíza de Mattos

Guaraldi5. Priscila Soares Sabbadini1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Bacterial Respiratory and Systemic Diseases. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Student of the Doctorate in Biodiversity and Biotechnology (Rede Bionorte). Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) - Av. Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos n. 3000 - Manaus/AM, Brazil; 3 Professor at the Nursing Undergraduate Program. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 Professor of the Master's Degree in Parasitary Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 5 Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance. Medical Sciences College (FCM). University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.

Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, a commensal bacterium that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes, has been regularly associated with severe infections in immunocompetent and immunocompetent patients. Despite the increasing number of hospital infections caused by this microorganism and the frequent isolation of multiresistant strains, little is known about the virulence factors involved in the colonization and pathogenesis of this species. Was evaluated in this study the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, genotypic evaluation to the detection of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) technique, adhesion to n-hexadecane, biofilm formation on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, in addition to the interaction with Tenebrio molitor of C. pseudodiphtheriticum strains isolated in the state of Maranhão. In this study, all strains of C. pseudodiphtheriticum were sensitive to β-lactams (penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime and imipenem) and tetracycline, gentamicin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Some were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The presence of the deoxyribonuclease enzyme gene was not observed for all C. pseudodiphtheriticum strains and most of them presented a hydrophobic surface, which was partially correlated with the ability to adhere and form biofilm on hydrophobic surfaces (polystyrene and polyurethane). They were also able to adhere and form biofilm on hydrophilic surfaces (glass and stainless), at different levels of intensity, independent of the isolation site. Significant reduction of survival of Tenebrio molitor larvae infected with C. pseudodiphtheriticum was observed. Thus, it was concluded that C. pseudodiphtheriticum is a species that cannot be neglected, since it presented several factors that may contribute to its virulence. Keywords: C. pseudodiphtheriticum – virology; Tenebrio molitor - virology







BIOPROSPECTING OF ENDOPHYTIC MICROORGANISMS IN PLANTS OF THE MEDICINAL GARDEN OF

AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

Ábia e Jesus Martins 1; Thalison Romulo Rocha Araújo.1; Sâmia Melo Santos.2; Saulo José Figueiredo Mendes.3; Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda 4

[email protected]

1 Undergraduate Student of Biomedical Science. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Undergraduate Student of Pharmacy. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Professor of Pharmacy Graduation Course. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 Professor at Master’s Program in Environmental Sciences. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

In recent years, much research has been done on the roles of endophytic fungi and their natural products. These studies have shown a number of interesting biological products with potential activities as antioxidants, anticancer, immunomodulators, antiviral, antitubercular, antiparasitic and insecticides agents. Isolation of the endophytic microorganisms from the leaves and roots of Citronella (Citronella mucronata) to prospect new secondary metabolites with activity against clinical pathogens. The leaves of Citronella were submitted to disinfection according to a protocol described by Petrini (1986). The leaves and root were fragmented and deposited on Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Agar media, Agar Malt Extract and Mueller Hinton Agar. A total of 52 microorganisms were isolated, 21 of which were grown in the Sabouraud medium, 11 in Mueller Hinton and 8 in the malt extract with predominance of fungi in the roots and bacteria in the leaves. The results demonstrate that the plant studied has endophytic microorganisms that may be associated with its insecticidal ability.

Keywords: Endophytes – drug effects; Citronella mucronate – adverse effects; Biological products –

therapeutic use







BIOPROSPECTION OF MICROORGANISMS WITH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INTEREST ISOLATED IN

MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM.

Léo Ruben Lopes Dias 1.; Diana Karla Lourenço Bastos.2; Mariana Santos Costa.2.; Queren Hapuque Sousa da Silva

2.; Maria Raimunda Chagas Silva 3; Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda 3 [email protected]

1 Master in Environment. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Graduation in Biomedicine. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Professor of the Masters in Environment. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

The development of microbial resistance to antibiotics is not considered novel in the scientific environment. The discovery of new drugs is not progressing with the same speed as the emergence of new forms of resistance. Microorganisms found in mangrove biome have been reported as sources for new compounds that may have several applications in the drug industry, since the microorganisms present in this habitat possess important survival skills. They are also potential producers of enzymes of biotechnological interest. This research aimed to perform the bioprospection of mangrove microorganisms with activity against clinical and agricultural microorganisms. Physical-chemical analyzes of the soil were carried out in order to know the properties of the soil. After isolation of the microorganisms from the mangrove area by means of growth selection in diversified culture media, a variety of bacteria (sixteen), equivalent to 68.75% of the total microorganisms, identified through their macromorphology and optical microscopy by staining of gram. Five fungi equivalent to 31.25% of the samples were also identified. It was concluded that the main physicochemical characteristics of the soil of the mangrove were of fine sand to the average silty to the clayey, corroborating to a natural soil of mangrove. Among the isolated microorganisms, a relevant group was described belonging to the order Actinomycetales that remained constant to the appearance of other bacteria and fungi, evidencing the stability of Actinomycetes in this environment that is independent of specific climatic conditions.

Keywords: Bioprospecting; Microorganisms – isolation & purification







Cratylia mollis LECTIN PREVENTS Staphylococcus aureus INFECTION IN Tenebrio molitor LARVAE.

Mariela Andrea Medeiros Suarez1, Arthur Henrique Mendes Colasso1, Thayná Fernandes Barros1, Hermerson Sousa Maia1, Cassia Regina Alburquerque da Cunha2, Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia2, Luís Cláudio

Nascimento da Silva1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Molecular Prospecting. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry. Department of Biochemistry. Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil.

One of the major obstacles to tissue repair is the contamination by microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus. The lectin isolated from Cratylia mollis (Cramoll) has immunomodulatory and healing activity. Recently, it was shown that Cramoll is able to improve the phagocytic activity of mice macrophages towards S. aureus. However, its action on in vivo models of infection has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Cramoll in larvae of Tenebrio mollitor infected by S. aureus. Tenebrio mollitor larvae were randomly assigned to groups (n = 30). Before inoculation into the body of the larvae, the cuticles were cleaned with 70% alcohol. The bacterial inoculum (10 μl of bacterial suspension) was injected into each larvae. Larvae were submitted to different doses of cramoll (0.5 mg/Kg, 0.25 mg/Kg or 0.125 mg/Kg) 2h before or 2h after the infection. Infected larvae treated with PBS were used as a negative control. All untreated larvae infected with S. aureus died 24h after infection. In both treatment schedules Cramoll was able to improve larvae survival, however the best action was observed using Cramoll 2h before the infection at 0.5 mg/Kg (70% of survival rate). When inoculated 2h after infection this dose promoted a survival rate of 50%. Cramoll increased larval resistance to S. aureus infection. This result may be associated with its well-known immunomodulatory properties since this lectin did not display antimicrobial activity.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus – immunology; Cratylia mollis – immunology; Tenebrio molitor - immunology







CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF Chenopodium ambrosioides IN EPITHELIAL CELLS.

Simeone Júlio dos Santos Castelo Branco¹, Valéria Costa Fontes¹, Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto¹, Letícia Machado Gonçalves¹, Patricia Maria Wiziack Zago¹.

[email protected]


Chenopodium ambrosioides (mastruz) is a native Central and South America plant, with antifungal, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects previously described. Recently, the hydroalcoholic plant extract showed antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans biofilms developed on poly (methyl methacrylate) dental prostheses’s surface. That antimicrobial effect induced the present study that aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the cytotoxic effect of the Chenopodium ambrosioides’s hydroalcoholic extract. Rat fibroblasts (3t3) were inoculated into 96-well plates (4x104 cells / mL; DMEM / 10% Fetal Bovine Serum; incubation at humid atmosphere, 5% CO2). After cell adhesion period, C. ambrosioides extract was added to cell medium at concentrations of 2500; 1250; 250; 50 and 25 μg / mL. Platess were incubated for 24 hours and subsequently submitted to MTT viability evaluation. The experiments were performed in triplicate and with the appropriate controls. Data were submitted to the analysis of variance with significance level of 5%. A viability of 97.45% (± 12.84%), 124.56% (± 10.54%), 98.80% (± 6.60%), 110.36% (± 22.51%) and 109.77% (± 23.04%) was obtained with C. ambrosioides extract concentrations of 1250; 250 50; 25 and 10 μg / mL, respectively; not differing from control group viability (p>0,05). The highest concentration (2500 μg / mL) was cytotoxic to the cells (viability 17.3% ± 1.49%, p <0.05). These preliminary outcomes suggest that concentrations lower than 2500 μg / mL of the C. ambrosioides hydroalcoholic extract were not cytotoxic to epithelial cells; however, further studies are needed to confirm the present data.

Key words: Chenopodium ambrosioides – citology; Chenopodium ambrosioides – toxicity; Fibroblasts - citology

Funding:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (Fapema) Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma)







CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF Hibiscus acetosella (WELW) HIDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT IN EPITHELIAL

CELL.

Valéria Costa Fontes¹, Simeone Júlio dos Santos Castelo Branco¹, Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto¹, Patricia Maria Wiziack Zago¹

[email protected]


Hibiscus acetosella, (Welw) is an African plant popularly known as purple vinegar, sage-okra, purple okra, gooseberry and garden guaxima. Preliminary studies showed the Hibiscus genus has high anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic and cardioprotective properties, however, little is known about H. acetosella species cytotoxicity effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the toxicity of the crude hydroalcoholic H. acetosella extract in rat fibroblasts (3t3). Cells were inoculated into 96-well plates (4x104 cells/well; DMEM / 10% Fetal Bovine Serum, incubation at humid atmosphere, 5% CO2). After a 24 h cell adhesion period, the culture medium containing H. acetosella at different concentrations (500; 50; 5; 0.5 μg / mL) was added to the wells. Cells were incubated for 48 h and submitted to MTT viability evaluation, subsequently. The experiments were performed in triplicate and with the appropriate controls. Data were submitted to analysis of variation with significance level of 5%. A viability of 98.8% (± 11.40%), 112.70% (± 4.60%), 107.19% (± 5.40%) and 81.70% (± 15, 60%) was obtained with the H. acetosella concentrations of 0.5, 5, 50, 500 μg / mL, respectively. No statistical difference was found between the test groups and the control group. These preliminary data suggest that the H. acetosella hydroalcoholic is not cytotoxic to epithelial cells, however, further studies are required to confirm the obtained results.

Keywords: Hibiscus acetosella – citology; Hibiscus acetosella – toxicity; Fibroblasts - citology

Funding:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (Fapema) Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma)







CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF SEPA: A SERINE PROTEASE AUTOTRANSPORTER PROTEIN OF

ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (SPATE).

Fernanda Batista de Andrade; Roberto Nepomuceno de Souza Lima; Roxane Maria Fontes Piazza; Waldir Pereira Elias Junior.

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Bacteriology. Butantan Institute - Av. Vital Brazil n. 1500, Butantã - São Paulo/SP, 05503-900, Brazil.

Shigella extracellular protein A (SepA) is a potential virulence factor of Shigella flexneri 2a and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC). It is a 110 kDa protein part of class II of serine protease autotransporter proteins of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE), which is strongly associated with diarrhea cases by EAEC. This SPATE has a role in epithelial tissue destruction, mucosal damage, but do not induce cytopathic effect on Hep-2 cells. However, this effect has not been evaluated in other eukaryotic cell lineages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the SepA effect on HeLa, Y-1 and Vero cells. Native SepA was purified from culture supernatants of S. flexneri 2a using a HiTrap Benzamidine column coupled to Äkta System. The cells were cultivated in high-glucose DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics in cell culture plates (80% confluent). The cells were incubated with 20µg of SepA for 5, 10, 18 and 30 h (37°C and 5% CO2), and washed twice with PBS, fixed with 70% methanol, and stained with May Grünwald-Giemsa. Purification was successful yielding 115 µg/mL of SepA. Except for Vero cells, where no cytotoxic effect was observed, HeLa and Y-1 presented cell damage. After 10 h HeLa cells presented cell deformity and apparently decreased in confluency, for Y-1 the same effect was observed after 18 h, but apparently with higher decrease in confluency. These results demonstrated that SepA presents cytopathic effects, despite of being classified as class II SPATE, the group that includes the serine proteases with immunomodulatory effects. Keywords: Enterobacteriaceae – immunology; Serine proteases – immunology; Serine proteases –toxicity Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)







DEVELOPMENT OF ALGINATE BASED FILMS FOR ENCAPSULATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND

WOUND HEALING.

Vanessa F. M. Carvalho¹; Jenyffer Mattos1; Luis Claudio Nascimento da Dilva²; Elizabeth Soares Fernandes²; Luciana B. Lopes1

[email protected]

1 Institute of Biomedical Sciences. University of Sao Paulo (USP) - Av. Prof. Orlando Marquês Paiva, Butantã – São Paulo/SP, 05340-000, Brazil; 2 Postgraduate Program of CEUMA University. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil;

In chronic wounds, there are excessive amounts of exudates, which may lead to complications and compromise healing due to an imbalanced proteinase activity, and an excess of other biological components. There is a lack of devices and dressings capable to remove excess exudate while still maintaining the wound bed moist. To improve treatment, an alginate-based bioadhesive film was developed for encapsulation of essential oils (rich in aldehyde or belonging to the terpene group) with antioxidant and antiseptic properties aiming at the control of lipid peroxidation processes and improvement of cutaneous healing. To obtain the alginate films, the essential oils were emulsified within the alginate aqueous dispersion, followed by ionotropic gelation in CaCl2 solution. The films were dehydrated in a desiccator for 48h. Swelling studies, performed to evaluate the rate and kinetics of water uptake, were conducted up to 48h after placing the films in contact with excess water. Incorporation of the essential oils did not preclude film formation; a smooth surface was displayed while the films were hydrated, whereas after dry the film remained homogenous and flexible, without ruptures or fractures. Swelling followed second-order kinetics and varied depending on the solvent used for emulsification of the essential oils. These results suggest the films as a potential wound dressing material and could be a valuable strategy to manage wet wounds by providing improved uptake of excess exudate while releasing agents locally for promotion of healing. Keywords: Alginates – therapeutic use; Alginates – metabolism; Alginates – toxicity; Wound Healing – immunology; Wound Healing – physiology







DIPHTHERIA AND INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS AS COINFECTIONS IN THE STATE OF

PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL.

Ana Antunes1; Nadjla Ferreira Souza1; Katyane Silva Nascimento2; Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo2*; Liliane Simpson Lourêdo3,4; Mônica Cristina de Souza3; Priscila Soares Sabbadini2; Ana Luíza de Mattos-Guaraldi3

[email protected]

1 Central Laboratory of Public Health of Pernambuco (LACEN-PE) – Rua João Fernandes Vieira - Boa Vista, Recife/PE, 50050-200, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Respiratory and Systemic Bacterial Diseases. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance (LDCIC). Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, 20551-030, Brazil; 4 National Institute of Quality Control in Health (INCQS). Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) - Av. Brazil n. 4365, Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.

The etiologic agent of diphtheria is Corynebacterium diphtheriae, however, has been observed an increase in the number of cases of zoonotic diphtheria due to Corynebacterium ulcerans, mainly in industrialized countries. The aim of this work is to report the clinical aspects of a case of diphtheria by C. ulcerans-mononucleosis in the year 2014/2015 in a patient from Pernambuco, Brazil. A 15-year-old male patient, a student and resident in the urban area of Chã Grande-PE, was admitted to the Municipal Chã Grande Hospital in October 2014, presenting a complaint of fever and sore throat for 10 days. Tonsillitis was diagnosed and penicillin G benzathine was administered and then amoxicillin. The patient reported an increase in sore throat, dysphagia, inappetence and prostration. Clinical examination showed a toxemia, with low fever, taurine neck, ganglionic edema and pseudomembrane extending from the amygdala to the retropharyngeal region ("bridal veil" aspect). Hemogram and biochemical tests did not show any alterations. The viral anti-capsid antibody test for Epstein-Barr virus presented a positive result, and although the oropharynx culture was negative for C. diphtheriae, LACEN-PE identified corineform Gram-positive rods and LDCIC-UERJ identified the microorganism as C. ulcerans. The patient had complete vaccination schedule for diphtheria, with the last booster 2 years ago. In addition, C. diphtheriae or C. ulcerans were not isolated in the oropharynx and/or nasopharynx of the communicants and animals. In conclusion, it was confirmed the case of diphtheria by C. ulcerans and mononucleosis in a patient with complete vaccination scheme, not identifying primary or secondary cases. Keywords: Corynebacterium ulcerans – metabolism; Diphtheria, Mononucleosis - virology







EFFECTS OF Punica granatum L LEAVES EXTRACT ON BIOFILM FORMATION OF Candida albicans

ORAL ISOLATES FROM AIDS PATIENTS.

Evenny Nascimento Lima1, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos2, Flaviane Maria Galvão Rocha3, Carlos Henrique Lopes Rocha3, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro4, Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto2,

Cristina de Andrade Monteiro2

[email protected] / [email protected]

1 Undergraduate student, Biomedicine, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Parasite Biology Master Program, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Master's Degree Student, Parasite Biology Master Program, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 PhD student - Bionorte PhD Program, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

In last decades, the increase of fungal infections in human has been linked to the augment of immunocompromised people in the world. The treatment for candidiasis in immunosuppressed patients is a challenge due the conditions of illness, limited number of available antifungal agents and their undesirable side effects and toxicity. This has contributed to the emergence of resistant strains and recurrence. Therefore, antimicrobial compounds obtained from herbal medicine may represent an interesting approach against fungal infection. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the antifungal and anti-biofilm activities of hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum (PgHE) leaves against C. albicans isolated from oral mucosa of patients with AIDS. PgHE displayed a high content of phenols, flavonoids and hydrosoluble tannins. Both by agar diffusion and microdilution methods PgHE showed inhibitory activity against tested isolates with MICs range of 4.0 to 8.0 mg/mL. PgHE, at 32 mg/mL, caused interference on biofilm development of two clinical isolates (C. albicans 35 and C. albicans 48) and at 64 mg/mL also interfered in biofilm formation of another isolated (C. albicans 46). However, P. granatum extract had no effect against pre-formed biofilms of tested samples at any concentration. The results of this study confirm the potential of the pomegranate extract as new antifungal compounds.

Keywords: Biofilm – growth & development; Candida albicans – cytology; Candida albicans – metabolism;

Punica granatum – metabolism; Punica granatum – microbiology








ELABORATION OF A DATABASE WITH ALL CRISPR CERTIFIED INFORMATION: CRISPR ARCHIVES.

Lucas Weba Soares¹*, Olinda Soares Athaide Neta¹, Alexsander Rodrigues Carvalho Junior¹, Hermeson Lima França¹, Roberval Nascimento Moraes Neto¹, Allan Kássio Beckman Soares da Cruz², Matheus Silva Alves³.

[email protected]

¹ Undergraduate Students in Biomedicine. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; ² Information Systems Professor. Unit of Higher Education Don Bosco (UNDB) - Av. Colares Moreira n. 443, Jardim Renascença – São Luís/MA, 65075-441, Brazil; ³ Biomedicine Professor. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is an immune system present in some bacteria and most of archaea against phages. The system consists of the CRISPR locus and its associated proteins (Cas) to acquire fragments of the invading phage, insert it on the CRISPR locus and use it to produce a CRISPR RNA (crRNA) that will later be used to destroy the exact matched sequence and protect the bacteria against next phage attacks. This system has been harvested in the lab for use in many applications including genomic engineering, DNA sequencing and therapy. Becoming an undoubtedly revolution in the fields touched by it and, as a consequence, generating an immense amount of research every day, making it difficult to keep up with this ever-growing field. To address this issue, we started developing a website that only contains CRISPR related articles called “CRISPR archives”. This website is powered by WordPress, a web content management tool to properly classify and label every CRISPR article published as well as the constantly added ones in 5 main categories: applications, characterization, reviews, protocols and bioinformatics tools. Those being further sub-categorized and tagged in aspects such as species studied, Cas used, vectors, cells studied and more. Our database could provide a reliable CRISPR article database for the people that desire a better understanding of the system, facilitating research elaboration and development. Keywords: CRISPR, Bioinformatics – methods; Database, CRISPR; Archives, CRISPR







EVALUATING THE ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF Cinnamomum verum ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST

Corynebacterium diphtheriae ISOLATED IN MARANHÃO, BRAZIL.

Marcia Barros Alves¹, Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo¹, Katyane Silva Nascimento¹, Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araújo¹, Leandra Sofia dos Santos Mendes¹, Pamela Ruth Santos Viana¹, Ana Luíza de Mattos Guaraldi2,

Priscila Soares Sabbadini*¹

[email protected]

¹ Laboratory of Bacterial Respiratory and Systemic Diseases. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; ² Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance. Medical Sciences College. University of Rio de Janeiro state (UERJ) - Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu n. 444, 2º andar, Vila Isabel - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, 20550-170, Brazil.

Popular medicine has been shown as an alternative in the search for new drugs, being abundant in examples of effective plants in the prevention or treatment of microbial diseases. This work investigated the antimicrobial activity of Cinnamomum verum essential oil (EO) against C. diphtheriae. For obtaining EO, the fresh leaves of C. verum were dried, crushed and submitted to the Clevenger type equipament to drag by water vapor. Microbial suspensions of 6 strains of C. diphtheriae isolated in Maranhão, Brazil and 2 strains American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), prepared in saline (0,9%) and diluted with Mueller Hinton culture medium, were transferred to microplate wells containing serially diluted EO (initial concentration 3.000 µg/mL) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours. Then, 30 μL of resazurin was added to each well, incubating at 37 ° C for 30 minutes. From wells that did not show growth, 10μL was inoculated in plates of Mueller Hinton agar and incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. Four strains were inhibited by EO of C. verum at different concentrations varying between 1500 to 750 μg/mL. None of the strains tested showed minimal bactericidal concentration. EO of C. verum showed inhibitory activity against C. diphtheriae, indicating the existence of active principle capable of acting alone or in synergy with another active principle against infections caused by this pathogen. Keywords: Cinnamomum verum – drug effects; Corynebacterium diphtheriae – metabolism; Oils, Volatile – therapeutic use








EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Punica granatum EXTRACT AGAINST Cryptococcus ssp.

Amanda Graziela Gonçalves Mendes1*; Alessandra Teixeira Macedo1; Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro3; Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto2; Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1.

[email protected]

¹ Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; ² Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of Respiratory Infections. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; ³ Doctoral Program of the Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil.

Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii cause a systemic mycosis called cryptococcosis, which is an important public health problem of difficult treatment. These yeasts are found in the environment associated to vegetables, dropping pigeon and decomposition materials. Punica granatum (pomegranate) is a fruit described with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal activity of the freeze-dried leaf extract of Punica granatum against Cryptococcus ssp. The lyophilized extract was solubilized in sterile water to be used to the microdilution assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), where fluconazole was used as control. The inocula were standardized according to the 0.5 McFarland scale (1.5 x 106 cel/mL). The visual reading showed that pomegranate extract inhibited C. neoformans (24067 ATCC) at 2 mg/mL and C. gattii (547) at 0.5 mg/mL. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for fluconazole against 24067 ATCC and RN01 C. neoformans were 2 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL, respectively, while for 24065 ATCC and 547 C. gattii were 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, we can assume that the antifungal activity of the extract could represent an alternative therapy against mammalian infections caused by Cryptococcus ssp. Keywords: Cryptococcus – drug effects; Cryptococcus – metabolism; Pomegranate – immunology; Pomegranate – drug effects Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)







EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Syagrus coronata SEED OIL AGAINST Cryptococcus

spp.

Ione Cristine da Silva de Araujo1*; Joice Castelo Branco Santos2; Alessandra Teixeira de Macedo1; Thayariane Lira Mendes1; Haryne Lizandrey Azevedo Furtado1; Alexsander Rodrigues Carvalho Junior1; Luís

Cláudio Nascimento da Silva2; Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Molecular Prospecting. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Cryptococcosis is a public health problem caused by fungi of Cryptococcus species, whose main agents are Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii. Syagrus coronata is a species of palm that is native to the caatinga and cerrado biomes, and is popularly known as ouricuri. It has a great importance in the economy of the traditional communities of northeastern Brazil, but there are no reports of use for therapeutic purposes. We evaluated the antifungal activity of S. coronata seed oil against Cryptococcus isolates. Seeds of S. coronata (250 g) were submitted to hydrodistillation for 4 h in a Clevenger type apparatus. Subsequently, they were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and stored at 4°C. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and fungicide (MFC) were determined against C.neoformans (RN01 and ATCC 24067) and C. gattii (547 and ATCC 24065) isolates. S. coronata inhibited C. gattii 547 and C. neoformans RN01 with MIC value of 0.78 mg/ml, while inhibited C. neoformans ATCC 24067 with a value of 3.12 mg/ml and C. gattii ATCC 24065 with 6.25 mg/mL. The oil showed a fungicidal action against C. neoformans ATCC 24067 of 3.12 mg/ml, C. gattii 547 of 1.56 mg/ml and C. gattii ATCC 24065 with 6.25 mg/ml. This study evidenced the therapeutic potential of S. coronata oil against Cryptococcus spp., encouraging future studies to develop new antifungal agents. Keywords: Cryptococcus – metabolism; Ouricuri - antifungal activity;







EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIBIOFILM AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF

Himatanthus drasticus.

Cristiane Santos Silva e Silva Figueiredo1, Joice Castelo Branco1, José Artur de Aguiar Castro Junior1; Vinícius G. Wakui2, João Francisco Silva Rodrigues1, Mariana Oliveira Arruda1,3, Andrea de Souza Monteiro1, Valério Monteiro-Neto1,3, Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim1, Lucília Kato2, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva1*,

Marcos Augusto Grigolin Grisotto1,4*. [email protected]

1 Postgraduate Program in Biology Parasitic. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Natural Products and Synthesis. Institute of Chemistry. Av. Esperança s/n, Chácaras de Recreio Samambaia – Goiânia/GO, 74690-900, Brazil; 3 Center for Biological and Health Sciences. Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, n.1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 4 Florence Institute. Instituto Florence de Ensino Superior - Rua Rio Branco, 216 - Centro, São Luís - MA, 65020-470, Brazil. *Equal Contributors

Infectious diseases are prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality in humans, particularly in tropical and developing countries such as Brazil. In this sense, few alternative treatments are available until a given. Plant products have played a key role in the development of new therapeutic agents. This study aimed to analyze the cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antiproliferative effect of extract and fractions of H. drasticus leaves. After a harvest, leaves were macerated, then hydroalcoholic extract (HDHE) and fractions were prepared for analysis. Antimicrobial tests were performed, defining MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration), CBM (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration), as well as the effect of extract on bacterial membrane integrity, cell viability and LPS-induced proliferation. HDHE and its fraction showed poor antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, but many inhibited biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations (0.78 mg / mL and 1.56 mg / mL). As a better activity to found for a HDHE selected it for additional trials. HDHE was able to increase the activity of ciprofloxacin against K. pneumoniae exhibiting synergy and additive effects. This extract did not cause lysis of red blood cells and was not toxic to mononuclear cells. In addition, to inhibiting a proliferation of their productions due to lipopolysaccharide complications. These results suggest H. drasticus compounds, antimicrobial activities and antibiofilm against K. pneumoniae.

Keywords: Biological products – therapeutic use; Klebsiella pneumoniae – drug effects; Plants, Medicinal – drug effects

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologia do Maranhão

(FAPEMA)







EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF QUERCETIN AGAINST

Staphylococcus aureus.

Aleff Ricardo Santos Mendes¹*; Simeone Júlio dos Santos Castelo Branco¹; Valéria Costa Fontes¹; Jadiel de Abreu Pimenta Lins¹,²; Jaciara Sá Gonçalves¹; Ádylla Willena Alves Dourado¹; Patrícia Maria Wiziack Zago¹;

Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro¹,²; Lidio Gonçalves Lima Neto¹. [email protected]

1CEUMA University, Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of Respiratory Infections - LIMIR (Rua Josué Montello, 1 - Renascença II, CEP 65075-120, São Luís – MA, Brazil); 2Federal University of Maranhão, Doctoral Program of the Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon - BIONORTE (Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966 - Bacanga, CEP 65065-545, São Luís – MA, Brazil).

Our group demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract and fractions of Punica granatum L. against bacteria that cause respiratory infections, since quercetin was one of the main bioactive molecules present in its composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the antimicrobial activity of quercetin against Staphylococcus aureus, as well as its cytotoxicity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of quercetin were determined by the microdilution method of the two strains of S. aureus (MSSA, ATCC® 6538 and MRSA, ATCC® 25923) and revealed by the resazurin at 0.03% after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C using an ELISA reader at 550nm. For determination of MBC, 10μL of the solution was plated in MH agar. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity, the MTT method was used in which four concentrations of quercetin added to 4x104 fibroblasts/well obtained from mice of the 3t3 strain and maintained in 10% DMEM fetal bovine serum. A bactericidal effect of quercetin on S. aureus strains was observed considering that the MIC obtained for MSSA was 0.256mg/mL and MBC was 1.024mg/mL, and for MRSA the MIC was 0.128mg/mL and MBC 0.256mg/mL. In addition, quercetin was found to have 98.93% cell viability at 0.5μg/mL, 130.70% at 5μg/mL and 76.49% at 50μg/mL, respectively. Therefore, quercetin may be an effective antimicrobial for the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus. However, further studies are needed to better evaluate its antimicrobial activity. Keywords: Quercetin – metabolism; Quercetin - therapeutic use; Quercetin – toxicity; cytotoxicity








EVALUATION OF IN VIVO ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF LATEX OBTAINED FROM Euphorbia tirucalli

LINEU USING Tenebrio mollitor LARVA AS MODEL.

Arthur Henrique Mendes Colasso1; Hermerson Sousa Maia1; Isabella Fernandes da Silva Figueiredo1; Jaqueline Pessoa Pontes1; Joice Castelo Branco Santos1; Mizael Calácio Araújo1; Thayná Fernandes Barros1; Luís Cláudio Nascimento da

Silva1; Michelle Russo Bendelack Uchôa1

[email protected]


The use of plants for medicinal purposes is a very old practice, referring to the origins of Humanity. For example, there are records of the application of Euphorbia tirucalli latex in the folk medicine since at least 400 B.C. In Brazil, it is used as sap for treatment by the Indians and later by traditional communities at the northeast of Brazil. However, few studies have evaluated its antimicrobial action. This work aims to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial effects of the latex obtained from E. tirucalli lineu using Tenebrio mollitor larvae as model. T. mollitor larvae were randomly distributed in groups (n = 30). Before inoculation into the body of the larvae, the cuticles were cleaned with 70% alcohol. The bacterial inoculum (10 μl of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 suspension) was injected in each larvae. After 2 h, the larvae were treated with different doses of latex (50ul/l, 100ul/l, 150ul/l). Infected larvae treated with PBS were used as negative control. A survival rate of 70% of the larvae treated with E. tirucalli lineu latex at the dose of 100ul/l was observed. However, the latex protected the larvae during S. aureus infection, and a survival rate of 40% was observed to S. aureus-infected larvae treated with latex at 100ul/l. E. tirucalli latex increased the larval resistance to S. aureus infection. Since the latex did not display in vitro antimicrobial activity, this result may be associated to a possible immunomodulatory activity. Keywords: Euphorbia tirucalli – cytology; Euphorbia tirucalli – immunology; Euphorbia tirucalli – toxicity; Staphylococcus aureus – metabolism; Tenebrio molitor - metabolism







EVALUATION OF LEPROSY IN A REFERENCE HEALTH UNIT, SÃO LUIS - MA (BRAZIL).

Cindy Márvia Neves dos Santos; Ivelize Cristina Mendes Ferreira1; Jadyelma Ramos Marques1 Tayssa Nayra Correia da Silva1; Dinaura Maramaldo Cruz.²

[email protected]; [email protected]

1 Graduates of Biomedicine. Estácio Faculty – Rua Oswaldo Cruz n.1455, Camboa - São Luís/MA, 65020-250, Brazil; 2 Master in Environmental Health from the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA). Professor of the Biomedicine Course. Estácio Faculty – Rua Oswaldo Cruz n.1455, Camboa - São Luís/MA, 65020-250, Brazil.

Leprosy is a chronic, infectious and contagious disease, the main etiological agent of which is Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), which is considered to be a serious public health problem both as to its evolution and as a drop out. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological situation of leprosy in a reference health center in the municipality of São Luís, MA, from January 2012 to December 2016. Methodology: This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, retrospective study, descriptive and analytical. Data were collected from patients' charts submitted to diagnosis and assisted treatment at the Fatima Health Center in São Luís, MA, and residing in the state of maranhão. The ethical aspects were taken care of and the data were tabulated in Word 2010 and Excel tables, and analyzed statistically. There were 172 cases of leprosy, most of them men (54%) and women (45.35%), age group of 30 to 39 years (38.3%) and man / woman relationship in treatment delay was 13.3 / 10.1 months. Five cases were identified in children under 10 years of age, two of them being in the clinical form Dimorfa. This form had a prevalence of 58.1%, followed by Virchowiana (18.6%) and Tuberculoid (16.9%). Leprosy continues as a disease with late diagnoses reaching the economically active population, and in a multibacillary situation. Knowledge about the problem in the city will imply more commitment, either through the promotion of public policies or new disease control programs for the general population. Keywords: Leprosy – prevention & control; Leprosy – epidemiology; Leprosy - diagnosis








EVALUATION OF PHOSPHOLIPASES AS A FACTOR OF VIRULENCE OF PATHOGENIC FUNGI IN

TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS.

Rayana Larissa Pinheiro Soares Ferreira1*; Alessandra Teixeira de Macedo1; Amanda Graziela Gonçalves Mendes1; Joice Castelo Branco Santos1; Ione Cristine da Silva de Araújo1; Cristina de Andrade Monteiro1, Sirlei Garcia Marques2;

Heylane Ferreira Cutrim2; Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of Respiratory Infections (LIMIR). Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 CEDRO Laboratory. Av. Silva Maia n. 81, Centro - São Luís/MA, 65020-570, Brazil.

The virulence of the microorganism is the result of a variety of factors that act concomitantly to control the host defenses. Due to the increase in opportunistic infections caused by fungi, especially in people infected with HIV and/or co-infection with tuberculosis, research has been carried out to uncover the virulence factors and the pathogenicity scenario of the various fungal species. The aim of this study was to evaluate phospholipase as virulence factor in fungal isolates from patients with tuberculosis. The samples of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis were used to detect fungal cells through identification by Vitek-2 system. After the identification of the isolates and confirmation of the co-infection between them, the fosfolipase test by egg yolk emulsion plate method was performed. 5 µl of fungal inoculum was added to the plate in duplicate. After 3 days at 37°C, the enzymatic activity in petri dishes was observed, by formation of an opaque halo around the colony and determination of precipitation zone (PZ). All isolates of Candida albicans obtained positive phospholipase activity, with PZ values varying from 0.64 to 0.84, while the two isolates of Candida tropicalis did not present enzymatic activity. Through the phospholipase Test, it is possible to observe its enzymatic action mainly in C. albicans species. In adition, the knowledge of this mechanism can provide preventive strategies and improve the treatments for the patient.

Keywords: Candida spp; co-infection; phospholipase; virulence

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão – FAPEMA







EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF Theobroma grandiflorum (CUPUAÇU) SEED

EXTRACT IN Escherichia coli INFECTION in vivo.

Jaqueline Pessoa Pontes¹*; Isabella Fernandes da Silva Figueiredo¹, Domingos Magno Santos Pereira¹, Joice Castelo Branco Santos¹, Thayná Fernandes Barros¹, Cláudia Quintino da Rocha², Luciana Salles Branco de Almeida², Luís

Cláudio Nascimento da Silva¹, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes¹. [email protected]

1 Nucleus of Parasitoses Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil.

Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities have been suggested for Theobroma species, however, the therapeutic potential of Theobroma grandiflorum in infectious diseases has not yet been addressed. To evaluate the in vivo effects of T. grandiflorum seed extract in E. coli infected Tenebrio molitor larvae. Larvae (n=10/group) were infected with E. coli ATCC (1x105 in saline, 10 μl) in the last left proleg. Larvae received seed extract (10-100 mg/kg) or vehicle (2% DMSO in saline), 2h after infection. Survival was assessed (5 days). Treatment with T. grandiflorum seed extract exhibited cytotoxicity at the doses of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, reducing the viability of uninfected larvae when compared to those vehicle-controls; however, the seed extract improved survival in E. coli infected larvae, reducing the mortality rate from the first until the last day (fifth) post infection. A dose of 100 mg/kg did not cause citotoxicity and was not able to modulate the survival of infected larvae. Overall, T. grandiflorum seed extract may represent an alternative therapy for the treatment of infections caused by E. coli. Keywords: Seed. Theobroma grandiflorum. Larvae. E. coli.







EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Anacardium occidentalis AND Caesalpinia

leiostachya EXTRACTS.

Emmanueli Iracema Farah.1*, MONTEIRO, J. M1.; PORTELA, C. E1.; Aleff Ricardo Santos Mendes1.; Hérica Polyana Silva Martins Rabelo1.; CARVALHO, M. J. F1.; Marcus Vinicius Dias Sousa2.; Vera Lúcia Santos.2.; Gabriella Freitas

Ferreira3.; Andrea de Souza Monteiro1. [email protected]

1 CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos n. 6627, Pampulha - Belo Horizonte/MG, 31270-901, Brazil; 3 Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) – Rua São Paulo n.745, Centro – Governador Valadares/MG, 35010-180, Brazil.

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic bacterium resident in the skin and nasal mucosa, which can cause mild and severe infections. Unsuitable antibacterial therapy could contribute for treatment failure and could favor the emergence of resistance strains. In this study, we evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Anacardium occidentale leaves and Caesalpinia leiostachya stembark against Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the hydroalcoholic extracts was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2016). Twenty-two strains of S. aureus previously grown in Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with 1% glucose were used to prepare inocula at 1.5 x 105 CFU/mL. MIC assays were conducted with different concentrations of the extracts (2-1,024 μg/mL) and 5 μL of each standardized bacterium suspension was added per well. The microplates were incubated at 35±2 °C for 24 h. The bacterial growth inhibition was visually determined. Eighty-six percent of bacterial growth inhibition was displayed at 256 μg/mL of Anacardium occidentale extract and fourteen percent inhibition was displayed at 512 mg/mL of Caesalpinia leiostachya extract. Three less susceptible S. aureus strains were inhibited at 1024 μg/mL (14%) of C. leiostachya extract. The hydroalcoholic extracts were effective against S. aureus and further studies are necessary to evaluate their in vivo efficacy. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, antimicrobial activity, hydroalcoholic extracts, Anacardium occidentale, Caesalpinia leiostachya. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão – FAPEMA







EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF Punica granatum IN THE HEPATIC OXIDATIVE STRESS OF

SEPTIC MICE.

Mizael Calácio Araújo1 Nágila Caroline Fialho Sousa1, Isabella Fernandes da Silva Figueiredo1, Simone Aparecida Teixeira2, Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto, Marcelo Nicolás Muscará2, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes1

[email protected]

1 CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 University of Sao Paulo (USP) - Av. Prof. Orlando Marquês Paiva, Butantã - São Paulo/SP, 05340-000, Brazil.

Sepsis affects thousands of patients annually. Still, there are few effective drugs to combat it. Metabolic alterations occur in the host during sepsis which are essential to fight infection. It was previously suggested that the liver damage caused by free radicals is associated with increased mortality in sepsis (Makled et al., 2016). Punica granatum possesses antioxidant actions; however, little is known of its effects in the liver. We evaluated the antioxidant effects of the hexanic fraction (HF) obtained from P. granatum leaves in the hepatic oxidative stress of septic mice. Mice received a HF (100 mg/kg, per os) or vehicle (3% DMSO in saline) and after 1h, sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) as described by Fernandes et al (2012). Sham-operated mice were used as controls. Twenty hours post-surgery, mice were culled and their livers were collected for analysis of catalase (Fossati et al., 1980), glutathione reductase (GR) (Carlberg and Mannervik, 1985) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) (Hill et al., 1997) activities. Furthermore, nitrotyrosine and carbonylation residue levels were quantified in hepatic proteins (Robinson et al., 1999). This study was approved by CEUA-UNICEUMA (002/2014). Septic mice treated with HF exhibited increased catalase and GR activity levels in their livers which were associated with reduction of nitrotyrosine residues and carbonylation of hepatic proteins in comparison with vehicle-controls. These data shows that P. granatum HF reduces the hepatic oxidative stress and may contribute to contain the deleterious alterations associated with sepsis.

Keywords: Sepsis, Punica granatum, oxidative stress.

Acknowledgment: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologia do Maranhão – FAPEMA.







EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AGAINST PROTEIN INVOLVED IN COLONIZATION IN

MURINE MODEL OF SEPSIS.

Itaynara Lobato Dutra1,2, Yago Abreu Lima1, Johnny Ramos do Nascimento1,2, André Álvares Marques Vale1,2, Patrícia Costa dos Santos Alves1,2, Liana de Oliveira Trovão1,2, Raissa Guará Assunção3, Rosa Maria Silva4, Waldir Pereira

Elias5, Eduardo Martins de Sousa3, Flavia Raquel Fernandes do Nascimento1,2, Afonso Gomes Abreu2,3

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Immunophysiology. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 2 Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 3 Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 4 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n. 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 5 Laboratory of Bacteriology. Butantan Institute - Av. Vital Brazil, 1500 - Butantã, São Paulo - SP, 05503-900, Brazil.

The Protein Involved in Colonization (Pic) is an autotransporter serine protease produced and secreted by Shigella flexneri 2a, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) with several biological roles in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of Pic in a murine model of intraperitoneal infection. Six to eight-week-old female Swiss mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with Pic-producing E. coli (F5), F5∆pic mutant, HB101 (non-pathogenic E. coli) or phosphate-buffered saline. Animal survival was monitored for 5 days (n= 6 animals/group) and a subset of mice (n= 6 animals/group) was euthanized after 12 h for cytokines and nitric oxide analysis, cell counts, glucose dosage and determination of colony forming units (CFU's). Intraperitoneal inoculation of Pic-producing bacteria induced 100% death within 24 h, decreased the glucose levels and promoted a reduction on leukocytes migration to the peritoneum, causing neutropenia. Only F5 was able to persisting viable on bloodstream of the animals. Nitric oxide and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-10 and MCP-1) were detected in serum, as well as high levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 on peritoneum of F5 group, significantly higher than other groups. Our data strongly evidenced that Pic is an important virulence factor involved in the E. coli immune evasion inducing a high production of pro-inflammatory mediators by the host and interfering on leukocytes migration, leading animals to death in a murine model of sepsis. Keywords: Pic, Escherichia coli, sepsis.

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão - FAPEMA







EVALUATION OF THE in vivo EFFICACY OF Senna splendida EXTRACTS AGAINST Staphylococcus

aureus.

Thayna Fernandes Barros1*, Joice Castelo Branco Santos2, Tiago Fonseca da Silva2, Isabella Fernandes da Silva Figueiredo1, Jaqueline Pessoa Pontes1, Arthur Henrique Mendes Colasso1, Hermerson Sousa Maia1,

Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia2, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Molecular Prospecting. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Department of Biochemistry. Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife/PE, 50670-901, Brazil.

Senna splendida (Fabaceae) is an endemic species of Caatinga without reports of therapeutic use. Recently, our group has demonstrated the anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of extracts from this plant. In this work, we used Tenebrio molitor larvae as an in vivo model to evaluate the efficacy of extracts during S. aureus infection. Leaves of S. splendida were collected in the Catimbau National Park (Buíque, Pernambuco). The material was subjected to extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus following the eluotropic series, yielding the extracts: ethyl acetate (EASS) and methanol (EMSS). The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (CMB) concentrations of each extract against S. aureus ATCC 6538 were determined. T. molitor larvae were infected with 10 μL of a suspension of S. aureus ATCC 6538 (optical density of 1.3 to 630 nm), by injection in the region next to the last left pro-leg. After 2 hours, the larvae were treated with 10 μL of EASS and EMSS at doses of 1.56 mg/kg and 3.12 mg/kg, respectively. Larvae inoculated with S. aureus alone or PBS were used as control groups. The larvae were kept at 37ºC and mortality rates were measured daily. After 2 days of infection all larvae died in the untreated group. EMSS increased the viability of the larvae by 60% and increased the density of hemocytes. In contrast, EASS showed no in vivo efficacy at the tested dose. The results highlight the therapeutic potential of the S. splendida plant and its possibility of use for the development of new drugs. Keywords: Anti-Staphylococcus aureus; Tenebrio molitor; hemocytes







EVALUATION OF VIRULENCE FACTORS OF Corynebacterium diphtheria.

Jéssica Silva dos Santos1*; Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araujo1; Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo2; Ana Luíza de Mattos Guaraldi3; Priscila Soares Sabbadini1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Bacterial Respiratory and Systemic Diseases. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Student of the Doctoral Program of the Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon (BIONORTE). Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 – Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil. 3 University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.

In last decades, the etiologic agent of diphtheria, Corynebacterium diphtheria, has been studied regarding their virulence factors that could be associated to the augmentation of the disease in human. In this study, we evaluate the virulence factors of C. diphtheriae isolates, including those that caused diphtheria outbreak in Maranhão in 2010. Using C. diphtheria isolates, susceptibility tests to antibacterial drugs, deoxyribonucleic activity (DNase), adhesion to n-hexadecane, formation of biofilm on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces and haemagglutination assays were determined. Furthermore, survival curves with infected larvae of Tenebrio molitor by C. diphtheriae isolates were also performed. All isolates displayed resistance to five antibacterial drugs. Deoxyribonucleic activity was significant after 48 hours of incubation for all isolates as well as they were able to adhere and to form biofilm on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, albeit with different profiles. Four of the six C. diphtheriae isolates related to the outbreak in Maranhão displayed positive haemagglutination, although all of them have induced the melanin synthesis and death on larvae of T. molitor. Other studies should be performed with these microorganisms for knowledge about their virulence. Keywords: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, virulence factors, Tenebrio molitor. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)







EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH OF Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 in

Cupuaçu (Theobromagrandiflorum) JUICE.

Hermerson Sousa Maia*1, Brenda Ferreira de Oliveira1, Amanda Caroline de Souza Sales1, Thayná Fernandes Barros1, Arthur Henrique Mendes Colasso1, Adrielle Zagmignan1, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de

Miranda1, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva1. [email protected]

1 Laboratory of Immunology of Parasitoses. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Several studies have shown the application of Lactobacillus plantarum to prevent diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome and other infections. Therefore, the search for new substrates that improve the growth and survival of this microorganism has increased in recent years. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of Theobroma grandiflorum juice (cupuaçu) as culture medium for L. plantarum ATCC 8014 using the central rotational compound design (DCCR). Eleven trials were carried out varying the optical density (OD at 630 nm) of the inoculum and pulp concentrations (w/v). The pulp was diluted in 250 ml of distilled water, processed, filtered and had its pH corrected to 6 before sterilization. The inoculum was prepared in MRS broth and incubated at 37 °C. After 24h, the inoculum was mixed with the juice (2% v/v). The fermentation occurred at 37 °C under agitation (120 rpm) for 24h. The pH values and colony forming units (CFU) were calculated before and after fermentation. Under all conditions, L. plantarum was able to grow in the cupuaçu-based media. The pH values decreased in all assays (pH ~ 4.0). The highest viability (8.0 x 1020 CFU/ml) was obtained when the initial inoculum was at OD of 3.0 and the pulp concentration was 12% (w/v). Cupuaçu juice favored the growth of L. plantarum without any supplementation. The viability of probiotic culture, gastrointestinal simulation as well as detection of fermentation products are the next steps of our research.

Keywords: Probiotics; Lactobacillus; Cupuaçu.







HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Terminalia catappa LEAVES INHIBITS GROWTH OF Cryptococcus

gattii.

Carlos Henrique Lopes Rocha1,2,3*; Flaviane Maria Galvão Rocha2 Cristina Andrade Monteiro2; Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos3; Rodrigo Assunção Holanda1.

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Parasitic Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Medical Mycology Laboratory. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Terminalia catappa is a herbal medicine used by many people in the world for treatment of infectious diseases. We evaluated the activity of hydroalcoholic extract of T. catappa leaves against C. gattii. Initially, a phytochemical characterization of T. catappa extract was performed by using 1% FeCl3 (w/v). To evaluate antifungal activity, agar diffusion test was carried out, followed by the microdilution assay to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against L2701, 547 andTCC 24065 C gattii isolates. Hydrolysable tannins and flavonoid C-glycosides wereresumptively detected by chemical analysis. Inhibition growth zones ranging 21-23m were observed for all C. gattii cultures in the presence of hydroalcoholic extract (117 mg/mL). Hydroalcoholic extract displayed 100% inhibitory activity (MIC100) ranging from 0,5 to 1 mg/mL. Hydroalcoholic extract of T. catappa seems to be an interest approach for treatment of cryptococosis. However, cytotoxicitynd in vivo assays have to be performed to evaluate the benefit-cost ratio of this promising antifungal therapy. Keywords: Terminalia catappa, fluconazole, Cryptococcus gattii, antifungal therapy. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)







In vitro STUDY OF THE SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY BETWEEN THE BUTANOLIC FRACTION OF Terminalia

catappa HIDROALCOHOLIC LEVES EXTRACT AND FLUCONAZOL AGAINST Candida albicans.

Flaviane Maria Galvão Rocha1,2; Carlos Henrique Lopes Rocha1,2; Anderson França da Silva3, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1,2,4; Rodrigo Holanda Assunção5; Cristina de Andrade Monteiro1,2.

[email protected]

1 Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Medical Mycology. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology. RENORBIO. Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 4 Postgraduate Program in Environmental Microbiology. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 5 Department of Biomedicine. Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Candidiasis is one of the most studied human opportunistic fungal infections, with fluconazole being one of the main antifungal agents used in the treatment of these infections. However, resistance to this drug has been observed, which reinforces the need for alternative therapies. Terminalia catappa is a native plant from Southeast Asia employed in folk medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associated antifungal action of the butanolic fraction (FBuOH) of the hydroalcoholic extract of T. catappa (TcHE) and fluconazole against Candida albicans isolates. For this, a checkerboard assay was used. The quantification of plasma membrane ergosterol, the stability of the lysosomal membrane and the mitochondrial membrane potential were also evaluated in order to verify a supposed mechanism of action of FBuOH. The results obtained showed that FBuOH and fluconazole interact synergistically against Candida albicans. The combination of these two compounds made the action of fluconazole effective even at very low concentrations. The synergism between FBuOH and fluconazole was confirmed by a time-kill assay. The synergistic effect of these two compounds can be attributed to the fact that both have an action on ergosterol biosynthesis, since a reduction of 73% in the amount of this component in fungal cells under synergistic concentration was seen. In addition, mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization and a significant reduction in lysosome integrity were observed. The results reinforce the hypothesis that substances with synergistic actions are a promising alternative in treatment of fungal infections.

Keywords: synergism, Candida spp; fluconazole, Terminalia catappa.







INHIBITION OF Corynebacterium ulcerans BIOFILM FORMATION BY Plathymenia reticulata Benth AND

in vitro TOXICITY.

Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo1*; Pamela Ruth Santos Viana1; Denes Sousa Leite1; Katyane Silva Nascimento1; Jéssica Mayara Mendes Araújo1; Márcia Barros Alves1; Ana Luíza de Mattos-Guaraldi2; Priscila

Soares Sabbadini1. [email protected]

1 Laboratory of Respiratory and Systemic Bacterial Diseases Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance (LDCIC). Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu, Maracanã - Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.

Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen in the world that causes diphtheria. The ability of C. ulcerans to form biofilm on surfaces is an important virulence factor to favor its viability and resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Some herbal medicine as Plathymenia reticulata Benth seem to be effective to inhibit biofilm formation. The present work aimed to verify the inhibition of C. ulcerans biofilm formation by the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) of Plathymenia reticulata and its in vitro toxicity. The leaves of P. reticulata were collected in Estreito, Maranhão, Brazil and submitted to drying. To identify the plant, exsicata was deposited in the Seabra Attic Herbarium of the Federal University of Maranhão. CHE was obtained from the dried leaves after maceration with 70% ethanol (v/v) at the ratio of 1:10 for 7 days, under daily agitation. The biofilm formation experiments were conducted using C. ulcerans CDC KC279 [tox +] strain and a polystyrene surface. To evaluate the inhibition of biofilm formation, a quarter of the minimal inhibitory concentration of P. reticulata CHE was used. Biofilm formation assays were performed at 37 ºC for 24h, followed by reading at 550 nm wavelength. To evaluate CHE toxicity (1000-5μg/mL), a suspension of 1% human red blood cells (CEP: 1.732.522) was used. The biofilm was inhibited in the presence of P. reticulata CHE (p <0.0001). Fifth percent of hemolysis (EC50) was achieved when 91.5 ±0.08109μg/mL of CHE was added. The hydroalcoholic extract of Plathymenia reticulata leaves seems to be a promising therapy against Corynebacterium ulcerans infection. Keywords: Biofilm, Corynebacterium ulcerans, diphtheria. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)







INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF Punica granatum

L. IN C57BL/6J MICE INFECTED WITH Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Aleff Ricardo Santos Mendes¹*; Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro¹,²; Lidio Gonçalves Lima Neto¹.

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of Respiratory Infections. CEUMA University CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil;

2 Doctoral Program of the Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil.

Plants have been used as an alternative therapy by low-income population. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of medicinal plants. Punica granatum L., is a plant with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties that could be used for the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARI), many times caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae. We proposed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of Punica granatum L. in mice infected by Chlamydia pneumoniae. C57BL/6J mice previously treated by oral route with a flavonoid fraction of the Punica granatum L. leaf (30, 100 and 300mg/kg) were infected by Chlamydia pneumoniae. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), whole blood (WB) and lungs were collected for analysis. TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations were assessed by ELISA and the total and differential leukocytes counts of BAL and blood were determined. The ethyl acetate fraction of Punica granatum L. did not affect serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-10 at the concentrations tested. On the other hand, the pre-treatment with 100 mg/kg reduced as concentrations of albumin in BAL. Therefore, the ethyl acetate fraction of Punica granatum L. seems to be a potential phytopharmaceutical for prophylaxis of tissue damage caused by microorganisms.

Keywords: Punica granatum L., Chlamydia pneumoniae, acute respiratory infection








ISOLATION OF Cryptococcus spp. FROM PIGEON DROPPINGS (Columba livia) IN AREAS NEAR TO

HEALTH CARE CENTERS OF SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO.

Edilene Araújo Diniz Pinheiro1*, Amanda Graziela Gonçalves Mendes1, Alessandra Teixeira Macedo1, Fabrício Brito Silva2, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1.

[email protected] 1 Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Geotechnology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Cryptococcosis is a pulmonary fungal infection, which can become systemic, since its etiologic agent has tropism to central nervous system (CNS). It is triggered by Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii, present in environmental niches and old droppings of Columba livia that are the natural reservoirs of these yeasts. We investigated the presence of Cryptococcus spp. in droppings of Columba livia found in the external areas of two public hospitals and a clinic located in São Luis, MA. Three samples of old droppings were collected. Samples were macerated in a safety cabin, placed in falcon tubes with saline solution and chloramphenicol, vortexed and kept to stand. Then, dilutions of 10 μL, 100 μL, 200 μL, 500 μL were transferred to Sabouraud Agar plates containing chloramphenicol (0.4 g/L) and incubated at room temperature for 72 hours. After incubation period, the macromorphological examination showed colonies isolated of mucoid consistency and bright. In the micromorphological examination, the yeast cells with a thick capsule were observed when stained with India ink stain. The colonies were suggested as Cryptococcus spp. for two of the three samples processed. The isolation of this fungus near at health care centers is important for public health due to the increasing of pigeons population in São Luis, which could augment the pulmonary infections by inhalation of fungi propagules from environment. Keywords: systemic mycosis, Columba livia, pigeons, Cryptococcus. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)







MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF Crassostrea rhizophorae OYSTERS COMMERCIALIZED ON A

BEACH IN SÃO JOSE DE RIBAMAR, MARANHÃO, BRAZIL.

Naiane de Fátima Santiago Corrêa1; Ana Beatriz Dutra Pereira1; Brenda Castro Amorim1; Jethânia Glasses Cutrim Furtado Ferreira1; Sílvio Carvalho Marinho1; Weslley Phelix Silveira Rabelo2; Elisa Santos Magalhães

Rodrigues1; Marina Sousa Rocha1.2; Andrea de Sousa Monteiro2; Hérika Polyana Silva Martins Rabelo1.2*. [email protected]

1 Estácio Faculty – Rua Oswaldo Cruz n.1455, Camboa - São Luís/MA, 65020-250, Brazil; 2 CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Crassostrea rhizophorae is a species of marine bivalves that filters sea water and feeds on microalgae. The comsumption of oyster containing pathogenic microorganisms in its intestine is harmful for health of human being. Here, we evaluate the microbial burden in C. rhizophorae commercialized on a beach in São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brazil. A total of 12 oysters were randomly purchased. The most probable number per gram (MPN/g) was used to quantify the total and thermotolerant coliforms at 45 ºC. Simutaneously, Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) Agar medium was used for isolation of Escherichia coli, while the Bactray 1 kit (Laborclin) was used for the identification of Gram negative bacilli, both incubated at 37 ºC for 24 h. For the identification and quantification of Staphylococcus spp., samples were plated onto Baird-Parker Agar, and then coagulase test was performed. The total coliform count ranged between 93 and 1100 MPN/g in 45 coliforms. Staphylococcus spp. ranged between 4.0 x102 and 3.9 x 104 MPN/g. All samples were negative for coagulase test. Our results demonstrate that oysters consumption by human is inappropriate due to the evidence of fecal contamination on the selected beach.

Keywords: Oysters, coliforms, beach. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp.








MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Providencia rettgeri CLINICAL STRAINS CARRYING THE

BLANDM AND BLATEM GENES.

Wallace Ribeiro Nunes Neto1, Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim2, Joveliane de Melo Monteiro1, Carlos Eduardo Portela1, Matheus José Ferreira Carvalho1, Bruna de Oliveira de Mello2, Gabriela Chaves de Oliveira1, Andrea

de Souza Monteiro1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Applied Microbiology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Laboratory of Parasitary Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

Providencia rettgeri is a Gram-negative bacillus widely distributed in the environment and is currently considered an emerging pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. The objective was to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of P. rettgeri strains isolated from clinical samples and to perform a genomic characterization of the PR01 and PR02 strains. In this study, eight P. rettgeri strains were isolated from clinical samples of patients seen in intensive care units. The blaNDM and blaTEM genes were determined by Multiplex PCR and the genomes of the PR01 and PR02 strains, characterized as carrier of the blaNDM-1 and blaTEM genes were sequenced using the Illumina-MiSeq platform. After sequencing, the pre-assembled genomic DNA sequences were annotated using the Prokka software. A complementary genome analysis was performed using the Rapid Annotation Subsystem Technology (RAST). The characterization genomic indicated a wide range of genes related to efflux pumps of antimicrobial drugs. Moreover, genetic systems were characterized, such as multiple drug extrusion (MATE), family nodular division (RND), and large facilitator superfamily (SFM). In these analyzes, on average 91 genes were detected that were related to the subsystem of virulence, disease and defense and prophages. The diversity of genetic elements in P. rettgeri related to mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance can lead in the short term to an inefficiency of antimicrobial therapies in the fight against infections caused by this microorganism, and its rapid rise as a pathogen is a result of its genetic plasticity.

Keywords: Providencia rettgeri, blaNDM gene, blaTEM gene, antimicrobial resistance.







MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF RESISTANCE GENE TO COLISTIN IN CLINICAL ISOLATES FROM

PATIENTS OF SÃO LUIS-MA.

Bruna de Oliveira de Melo1, Fabiana Nitz2, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri3, Andreia Sousa Monteiro1, Sirley Garcia Marques4, Lecia Maria Sousa Santos Cosme5, Valerio Monteiro Neto2, Monique Santos do Carmo6, Ozama Martins de Oliveira1, Telma de França Carvalho Silva1, Lilya Xelle de Brito Rodrigues1, Maria Rosa

Quaresma Bomfim2

[email protected]

1 Undergraduate Program in Biomedicine. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 3 Department of Pharmacy. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 4 President Dutra University Hospital. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 5 Central Laboratory of Public Health of the State of Maranhão (LACEN-MA) Rua Afonso Pena s/n, Centro – São Luís/MA, 65010-030, Brazil; 6 Graduation Program in Medicine. CEUMA University (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II – São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil.

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice has facilitates the appearance of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria which constitutes a serious public health problem worldwide. The resistance to antimicrobial agents such as penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and carbapenem agents in the treatment of infections caused by MDR strains has promoted large-scale use of last-resort antibiotics, such as colistin. However, the emergence of colistin resistance strains has been observed in the last years. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the mcr-1 gene that confers resistance to antimicrobials colistin (Polimixin E) in 84 clinical isolates recovered from patients in hospitals in São Luis-MA, from June 2016 to May 2017. The methodologies used for the phenotypic identification of the isolates were Vitek2 and MALDI-TOF. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used for detection of resistance gene mcr-1 with specific primers. Among the 84 bacterial isolates, 26 strains were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae; 22 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 18 Acinetobacter baumannii, 9 Escherichia coli, 5 Serratia marcescens, and 4 Citrobacter freundii. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 8 (9.5%) clinical isolates, being four K. pneumoniae, three E. coli, and one P. aeruginosa. Among the isolates of K. pneumoniae carrying the gene mcr-1, three (11.5%) also presented the gene blaKPC that confers resistance to carbapenem agents. The use of molecular methods for the correct identification of resistance genes carried by different species of microorganisms is important in the screening of the circulation of these genes in bacteria in the hospital environment.

Keywords: Colistin. mcr-1 gene. Resistance. blaKPC gene







MRPA GENE EXPRESSION IN ANTIMONY RESISTANT Leishmania infantum STRAINS.

Gustavo Henrique Corrêa Soares1*; Robson Pontes de Oliveira1; Juliana Mendes Sousa1; Andressa Silva Aguiar2; Ricardo Mendes Gonçalves1; Vanessa Ribeiro Moreira3; Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de

Azevedo4; Mayara Ingrid Sousa Lima5

[email protected]

1 Graduating in Biological Sciences. Department of Biology. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n. 1966, Vila Bacanga - São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 2 Graduated in Pharmacy. Department of Pharmacy. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n. 1966 Vila Bacanga - São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 3 PhD in Health Sciences. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n.1966, Vila Bacanga - São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 4 Medical Infectologist. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n. 1966, Vila Bacanga - São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil; 5 PhD in Genetics and Biochemistry. Department of Biology. Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) - Av. dos Portugueses n. 1966, Vila Bacanga - São Luís/MA, 65080-805, Brazil.

Leishmania resistance to drugs is a complex and multifactorial process, which probably involves the differential expression of genes involved in the defense mechanisms of the parasite. It’s necessary to verify the sensitivity of Leishmania strains, especially those of the New World, as well as the identification of the genes involved in the parasite responses against the drug, since they could be used as resistance markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differential expression of a gene in L. infantum cultures in order to demonstrate possible correlations with resistance to trivalent antimony (SbIII). For this, the susceptibility of L. infantum isolates that were experimentally induced to resistance to trivalent antimony in different concentrations were evaluated by direct counting and MTT assay. After this phenotypic characterization of these parasites the level of expression of the MRPA gene was analyzed by Real Time PCR (qPCR). The SbIII EC50 concentration was 23.10 nM, based on this value, an interest was shown in the higher concentrations of the EC50, which proves that the viable parasites have the resistance profile. In these resistant isolates the MRPA gene was upregulated, especially at concentrations 25, 50 and 100 nM in comparison of negative control (susceptible strain). This indicates the importance of the gene regulation in L. infantum during the resistance mechanism, which suggests the correlation of this gene with the resistance mechanism and the use as biomarker of drug resistance. Keywords: parasites, in vitro culture, resistance.







ONE-STEP REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR FOR DETECTION OF ARBOVIRUSES IN SERUM

SAMPLES OF PATIENTS ASSISTED IN BASIC HEALTH UNITS IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO, BRAZIL.

Jadna Patricia Pinheiro Nunes1; Bruna de Oliveira de Melo2; Conceição de Maria Fernandes da Silva Pinto3; Lecia Maria Sousa Santos Cosme3; Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri4; Angela Falcai5; Eduardo Buozi Moffa1;

Afonso Gomes Abreu1; Silvio Gomes Monteiro1; Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim1. [email protected]

1 Postgraduate Program in Parasitary Biology, Ceuma University (UNICEUMA)/São Luis-MA. 2 Undergraduate Program in Biomedicine at Ceuma University (UNICEUMA)/São Luis-MA. 3 Central Laboratory of Public Health of the State of Maranhão /LACEN/São Luis-MA. 4 Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA)/São Luis MA. 5 Postgraduate Master's Degree in Environment of the Ceuma University (UNICEUMA)/São Luis-MA.

The dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) are arboviruses involved in acute febrile illness (AFI) that have in common the transmission, which occurs through the vectors arthropods bite, being the Aedes aegypti, the main vector. The aim of this study was to optimize and evaluate a molecular diagnostic method to detect acute infections caused by the DENV or CHIKV. Were evaluated 200 serum samples from patients with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of infection by arboviruses. Serum samples were collected during the period from January 2016 to September 2017, and analyzed by ELISA IgM in the Central Laboratory of Public Health of the State of Maranhão (LACEN-MA). One-Step Reverse Transcription-PCR assay was performed with specific primers and viral RNA. A total of 74 (37%) of the serum samples presented the specific fragment of 623 bp for CHIKV, and 53 (26.5%) were DENV positive, with specific profile for serotype 4, with fragments of 190 and 434 bp. This method was able to detect viral RNA in 127 (63.5%) samples. The diagnosis of CHIKV and DENV infections in the acute phase of the disease is important to the epidemiological surveillance services, as well as to identify the focus of the infection and intensification of measures to combat the vector. Keywords: Chikungunya. Dengue. Molecular diagnosis. One step-RT-PCR.







PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF Corynebacterium ulcerans ISOLATED FROM

DIPHTHERIA OUTBREAK IN PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL.

Cecilia Maria Ferreira da Silva1; Liliane Simpson Lourêdo1,2; Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo3; Louisy Sanches dos Santos1; Raphael Hirata Júnior1; Priscila Soares Sabbadini3; Ana Luíza de Mattos-Guaraldi1

*[email protected]

1Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance (LDCIC)-UERJ-Rio de Janeiro-RJ 2National Institute of Quality Control in Health (INCQS)-FIOCRUZ-Rio de Janeiro-RJ 3Laboratory of Respiratory and Systemic Bacterial Diseases (UniCeuma)-São Luís-MA

Infections caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans are recognized as emerging zoonotic diseases. The microorganism is potentially a producer of diphtheria toxin as well as phospholipase D and may cause cutaneous and classical diphtheria, including the presence of pseudomembrane. The objective of this work was to analyze the phenotypic and genotypic profiles of the isolated microorganism of diphtheria outbreak in Pernambuco, Brazil between 2014/2015. An oronasopharynx sample of a male patient, adolescent, living in the city of Chã Grande-PE, Brazil, was sent to the Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corinebacteria of Clinical Importance of the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (LDCIC-UERJ). The identification was performed by (i) conventional biochemical tests, which evaluated DNAse and gelatinase production, esculin and urea hydrolysis, nitrate reduction, reverse CAMP reaction and fermentation of various sugars; (ii) Coryne API system and (iii) multiplex PCR for detection of the dtxR, tox, pld, 16SrRNA, rpoB genes. Sensitivity to antimicrobial agents by the diffusion method was also evaluated. The microorganism showed white and opaque colonies in blood agar medium and Gram-positive rods were identified after staining by Gram method. The phenotypic and genotypic analysis confirmed the identification of the microorganism as C. ulcerans. The microorganism presented resistance to clindamycin and penicillin. Due to the potential of C. ulcerans to cause zoonotic diphtheria in urban and rural areas in industrialized and developing countries, microbiological diagnostic protocols need to be tailored to reduce the number of false-negative laboratory results and to enable treatment and appropriate monitoring of cases. Keywords: Corynebacterium ulcerans, Diphtheria, Zoonosis.

mailto:*[email protected]






PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE Providencia stuartii HARBORING

BLANDM FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES.

Joveliane de Melo Monteiro; Alexsandro Guimarães Reis; Wallace Ribeiro Nunes Neto; Gabriela Chaves de Oliveira; Bruna de Oliveira de Melo, Andrea de Souza Monteiro; Maria Rosa Quaresma Bonfim.

[email protected]

1- CEUMA University, Campus Renascença

Providencia stuartii is a bacillus considered an emerging human pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. P. stuartii has a highly dynamic genome, which contributes to its resistance to antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of P. stuartii strains isolated from clinical samples and molecular characterization. Thirteen P. stuartii strains were isolated from blood cultures samples of patients in an intensive care unit. The presence of the blaNDM gene was determined by PCR analysis. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials were determined using the VITEK. The genome for P. stuartii PS2 strain harboring blaNDM-1 were sequenced with Illumina MiSeq, and genomic DNA sequences were annotated using Prokka software. A complementary analysis of the genome was performed using Rapid Annotation Subsystem Technology (RAST). Among the 13 of P. stuartii strains analyzed, 11 carriers of the blaNDM gene and showed resistance to meropenem and imipenem. The MIC values ranged from 4-128 μg/mL. A partial genomic characterization for P. stuartii PS2 strain using RAST indicated a wide range of genes related to drug efflux pumps. A total of 73 genes were related to antimicrobial resistance. The genetic systems were characterized, such as the multiple drug extrusion (MATE), family-division-nodulation (RND), and the major facilitator superfamily (MFS). Partial genomic analysis of the PS2 strain confirmed the presence of the blaNDM-1 and blaTEM genes. These P. stuartii strains were highly diverse for antimicrobial resistance which may lead to a difficulty for therapies for infections caused by this bacterium.

Keywords: Providencia stuartii, genomic sequencing, mobilome, resistance genes, virulence






PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Terminalia catappa LINN. EXTRACTS AND THEIR

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES AGAINST Candida spp.

Aline Michelle Silva Mendonça¹, Anna Rhaabe Braga Pinto², Paola Caroline da Silva Costa², Anderson França

da Silva³, Eduardo Buozi Moffa⁴, Luce Maria Brandão Torres⁵, Cristina de Andrade Monteiro⁶. [email protected]

1 Undergraduate student Biomedicine, Ceuma University ([email protected] Rua Josué Montello, 1- Renascença II, São Luís – MA, CEP: 65075-120) 2 Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Master's Program in Parasite Biology, Ceuma University, São Luís, Brazil 3 PhD Program in Biotechnology of the Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil 4 Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Master's Program in Dentistry, Ceuma University, São Luís, Brazil 5 Institute of Botany. Center for Research in Ecology and Physiology, São Paulo 6 Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Master's Program in Parasite Biology, Ceuma University, São Luís, Brazil

Terminalia catappa Linn bark is used to treat dysentery by various populations in Southeast Asian countries, and its leaves have also been used in traditional medicine to treat hepatitis in India and the Philippines. Here, the antifungal actions of crude hydro-alcoholic extract (TcHE) and fractions from T. catappa leaves were assessed via agar diffusion and microdilution tests against Candida reference strains and oral isolates from patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). T. catappa fractions and sub-fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with electron impact, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry “electrospray” ionization in positive mode and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance. TcHE and its fractions were able to inhibit the growth of all tested Candida strains with the n-butanol (FBuOH) fraction presenting the best antifungal activity. Testing of different FBuOH sub-fractions (SF) showed that SF10 was the most active against Candida spp. Fractioning of SF10 demonstrated that 5 out of its 15 sub-fractions were active against Candida spp., with SF10.5 presenting the highest activity. Chemical analysis of SF10 detected hydrolysable tannins (punicalin, punicalagin), gallic acid and flavonoid C-glycosides. Overall, the results showed that T. catappa L. leaf extract, fractions and sub-fractions were antifungal against Candida spp. and may be useful to treat diseases caused by this fungus. Keywords: Terminalia catappa, Candida, tannins.







PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Manilkara zapota EXTRACT

AGAINST MICROORGANISMS OF CLINICAL INTEREST.

Douglas Henrique dos Santos Silva; Drielly Costa Timoteo; Annyta da Cruz Ferreira; Jeiny Randyelen Sá Melo; Marcos Bispo Pinheiro Câmara2; Nadine Cunha Costa3; Gilberth Silva Nunes5; Francyelle Costa Moraes4

[email protected]

1. Estácio Faculty São Luís Maranhão, Biomedicine, São Luís, Maranhão 2. Federal Institute of Education-Science and Technology of Maranhão, Chemistry, São Luís, Maranhão 3. CEUMA University, Pharmacy Course, São Luís, Maranhão 4. Estácio Faculty São Luís Maranhão, Nursing Course, São Luís, Maranhão 5. Estácio Faculty São Luís Maranhão, Nutrition Course, São Luís, Maranhão

The herbal medicine research is important to discovery new compounds with therapeutic properties. Manilkara zapota (sapoti) is a fruit whose bark is used by indigenous people for the treatment of diarrhea and fever. Here, we evaluate the phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial properties of Manilkara zapota extract against microorganisms of clinical interest. The fruit husk was submitted to a drying process followed by the hydroalcoholic extraction using in a mass ratio equal to 1:3 with 70% (v/v) ethanol. Phytochemical assays were performed by pH setting, titration, mixture and filtration procedures. Serial plate agar dilution and macrodilution techniques were used to evaluate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 14053, Candida krusei ATCC 6258 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019. The hydroalcoholic extract displayed significant content of phenols, flavonols, flavonones and xanthones. The antimicrobial activities were only displayed by the macrodilution technique, where the extract was able to inhibit the growth of all strains. Minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations at 0.08 mg/mL and 1.7 mg/mL were displayed against P. aeruginosa and C. parapsilosis, respectively. Our results indicate that new testing should be performed regarding antimicrobial properties of Manilkara zapota. Keywords: Manilkara zapota, antimicrobial activity, antimicrobial therapy, microorganisms.







PIC STIMULATES M1 MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION WITH INTENSE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE.

Yago Abreu Lima1, Itaynara Lobato Dutra1,2, Johnny Ramos Nascimento1,2, André Alvares Marques Vale1,2, Eduardo Martins de Sousa3, Rosa Maria Silva4, Waldir Pereira Elias5, Flávia Raquel Fernandes do

Nascimento1,2, Afonso Gomes Abreu2,3. [email protected]

1Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; 2Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; 3Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology, UNICEUMA, São Luís, Brazil; 4Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 5 Laboratory of Bacteriology, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.

Some Escherichia coli strains are important pathogens responsible for a variety disease, and albeit using distinct mechanisms of pathogenesis, have in common the production of Pic. We have recently shown Pic mediates immune evasion by the direct cleavage of complement molecules, significantly reducing complement activation by all three pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of Pic on macrophages immunomodulation. The ability of bacteria to induce macrophage polarization to M1 or M2 (pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profile, respectively), as well as the cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated after infection of RAW264.7 macrophages. Macrophages were incubated with Pic-producing E. coli (F5), F5∆pic mutant or purified Pic for 6, 12 and 24 h. Immunophenotyping was performed using specific antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. Six hours after infection, an increase in NO production was observed in all groups infected with bacteria, being statistically significant in the cells infected with E. coli F5. Interestingly, purified Pic induced an intense NO production, as well as the cytokines IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant IL-10 production among groups. In addition, the immunophenotyping also showed a high expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IaIe and LyC6) on the cells infected by Pic or Pic-producing bacteria. Pic has a high potential to induce M1 macrophage polarization with intense inflammatory response. Keywords: Pic, Macrophages, Cytokines, Nitric oxide, Inflammation.







PNEUMONIA CASES IN A PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF SÃO LUIS-MA.

Raissa Guará Assunção1; Mayana Beatriz Saraiva Gonçalves1; Wellison Amorim Pereira1; Tânia Maria Gaspar Novais1; Lídio Gonçalves Lima Neto1; Afonso Gomes Abreu1

[email protected]

1CEUMA University, São Luís, Brazil. Nosocomial infections have been common in health services in Brazil. Among them, pneumonia is relevant as a disease in itself and its comorbidity. Pneumonia is a serious infection that usually affects intensive treatment unit (ITU) patients due to the need for endotracheal intubation. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance profile of bacteria isolated from ITU patients with pneumonia in a public hospital in São Luis-MA. Bacteria strains were obtained from tracheal aspiration and collected for diagnosis as well as phenotypic characterization. Standards culture media, such as blood and MacConkey agar, were used to isolate clinical strains. Automatized Vitek 2 method was used to identification of strains and disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) was performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. In this study, ninety patients were diagnosed with pneumonia, detecting more than 20 different bacteria. Among them, P. aeruginosa (26%), Acinetobacter baumannii (19%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (15%), Staphylococcus aureus (7%) and Klebsiela pneumoniae (6%) were the most prevalent microorganisms. Regarding to the resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that majority of Gram-negative bacteria presented resistance to ampicillin. In Gram-positive bacteria there was a high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and erythromycin. This study showed a high prevalence of bacteria resistance in ITU patients in a public hospital. Although P. aeruginosa was the most frequent pathogen, it was possible to find other pathogens that were not recurrent, such as Enterobacter spp, Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii. The results showed a high resistance to several antimicrobials. Keywords: Pneumonia; Infection; Bacteria Resistance.

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico do Maranhão (FAPEMA).






PSYCHOPHYSICAL VISUAL EVALUATION OF OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS: CASE REPORT.

Raissa Cerveira Vieira.*¹; Juliana Abenante Fernandes Ferreira.¹; Eliza Maria da Costa Brito Lacerda .¹ *[email protected]

¹ Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, CEUMA University.

Ocular toxoplasmosis is a retinal manifestation caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection which might be horizontally or vertically transmitted. The present study is a case report of a patient affected by ocular toxoplasmosis. It was used four psychophysical tests to monocular evaluation of both volunteer’s eyes: the software FrACT, Goldman Perimetry, Ishihara’s Pseudoisochromatic Plates and Lanthony D15 desaturated test. The patient is 30-years-old, male and lives in São Luís, MA (Brazil). He is occupationally exposed to toxic agents but he informed to use individual protection equipment. He has informed that his mother had presented toxoplasmosis infection during gestation period. By 6-years-old he started to use correction by lens for astigmatism and myopia. He observed that his right eye vision did not improved with correction at 10 years-old, in this moment it was detected an injury in this retina. By the age of 26, medical evaluation determined damage in the right eye's fovea. This clinical condition was associated with his mother’s infectious history, suggesting ocular sequel by congenital toxoplasmosis. As a result of our tests, the patient had normal sight for the left eye. Using the right eye, he couldn't identify Ishihara's Plates neither organize Lanthony D15d pieces. Visual acuity of right eye was 0.028 and visual perimetry had a normal delimitation, although we observed a series of scotomas localized mostly until 20˚ of visual angle. Data shows deterioration of central vision and commitment of color vision in the right eye.

Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, deterioration, central vision.







RESISTANCE PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN

INTENSIVE TREATMENT UNITS.

Mariana Cavaignac Sousa do Rego1; Roniere Viana Sousa1; Mayana Beatriz Saraiva Gonçalves1; Hivylla Lohanna Santos Ferreira1; Susana Fernandes Chaves1; Luciana da Conceição Machado Melônio2, Sirlei

Garcia Marques2; Lidio Gonçalves Lima Neto1; Afonso Gomes Abreu1

[email protected]

1CEUMA University, São Luís, Brazil. 2CEDRO laboratory, São Luís, Brazil.

Pneumonia is a major cause of nosocomial infection in intensive treatment unit (ITU) and responsible for a spread of multiresistant bacteria. Antimicrobial resistance has been an increasing risk in hospitalized patients, and both mortality and morbidity from infection are greater when caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize pathogens causing hospital-acquired pneumonia in intensive treatment unit. Bacteria strains were obtained from tracheal aspiration and collected for diagnosis as well as phenotypic characterization. Standards culture media, such as blood and MacConkey agar, were used to isolate clinical strains. MALD-TOF was used to identification of strains, and Vitek 2, as well as disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) were performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. A total of 129 tracheal secretion strains were analyzed. Of these, 117 (90%) presented bacterial growth. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent microorganism (37,5%). Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility profile, the bacteria presented a broad resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin and oxacillin. None of the strains showed resistance to vancomycin. Among Gram-negative bacteria, the most prevalent were Acinetobacter baumannii (35%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%). Both species presented wide resistance to beta-lactams and carbapenems, mainly meropenem and imipenem. One isolate of A. baumannii was resistant to polymyxin B. Thus, the present study shows a high prevalence of multiresistant bacteria, mainly against carbapenems, and points to a serious public health problem, since these pathogens are always associated with infections of high morbidity / mortality in ITU. Keywords: Pneumonia; Bacterial resistance; ITU. Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão

(FAPEMA).







RESISTANCE PROFILE, PRODUCTION OF EXOENZYMES AND HEMOLYSINS BY CLINICAL SAMPLES

OF Serratia marcescens.

Samantha Alvares Martins1; Edelson Lima Sousa, Biomédico1; Sâmia Fernanda Rocha Constantino1; Wene Dayane Machado Maciel 1; Francyelle Costa Moraes2.

[email protected]

1. Estácio Faculty de São Luís, Biomedicine, São Luís, Brazil; 2. Estácio Faculty de São Luís, Nursing / Biomedicine, São Luís, Brazil

The isolation of Serratia marcescens from hospitalized patients can reflect a bad prognosis, mainly when strains harboring antibiotics resistance genes, and virulence factors as exoenzymes and hemolysins. Here, we evaluated the resistance profile and the production of extracellular enzymes and hemolysins in clinical samples of S. marcescens. Twenty-one S. marcescens strains isolated from clinical samples in a laboratory in São Luís, MA, were evaluated. The identification and resistance profile were evaluated using the automated Vitek 2 method. Amylase, phospholipase, lipase, protease and gelatinase were the exoenzymes investigated. Muller Hinton Agar medium was supplemented with 1% starch, 10% egg yolk, 1% olive oil, 10% skim milk and 4% gelatin. The medium 5% Blood Agar lamb and human (A, B, O, AB) were used to reveal the activity of hemolysins through the formation of a clear zone around the bacterial growth. All strains showed resistance to ampicillin, ampicillin sulbactam, cefuroxime and cefuroxime axetil. There was no amylase or lipase production detected. The strains displayed highest hemolytic activity in human A blood type. Serratia marcescens strains seem to harbor virulence factors and antibiotics resistance genes that could complicate the treatment of hospitalized patients. Keywords: Serratia marcescens, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance.







Senna splendida: EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND COMBINATORY EFFECT WITH

ANTIBIOTICS.

Joice Castelo Branco Santos1*, Ione Cristine da Silva de Araújo2, Alessandra Teixeira de Macedo2, Rayanna Larissa Pinheiro Soares2, Monica Naufel de Sousa2, Thayná Barros Fernandes1, Arthur Henrique Mendes Colasso1, Jaqueline Pessoa Pontes1, Tiago Fonseca da Silva3, Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia3, Julliana

Ribeiro Alves Santos2, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva1

*[email protected]

1 - Molecular Prospecting Laboratory, Ceuma University, São Luís, Maranhão

1- Molecular Prospecting Laboratory, Ceuma University, São Luís, Maranhão 2- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Ceuma University, São Luís Maranhão 3- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen with a high ability to produce virulence factors and acquire antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, there is a need to develop new strategies anti-S. aureus. Senna splendida is an endemic species of the Caatinga that belongs to the Fabaceae family. There are still no reports of its use for therapeutic purposes. The objective of this work is to evaluate the antimicrobial actions and the combinatorial effects with drugs (Ciprofloxacin and Vancomycin) of different extracts from leaves of S. splendida against clinical isolates of S. aureus. Leaves of S. splendida were collected in the Catimbau National Park (Buíque, Pernambuco). The material was subjected to extraction in the Soxhlet apparatus following the eluotropic series, yielding the extracts: cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and five clinical isolates were determined. Interaction with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin was performed by determining the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FICI). The methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited S. aureus ATCC 6538 with MIC values of 0.78 mg/mL and 0.39 mg/mL, and inhibited the clinical isolates with values of 1.56 mg/mL and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively. In the interaction tests, the methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts presented synergism (FICI <0.5) with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin, with the lowest FICI values observed for Vancomycin. This work highlights the potential anti-S. aureus of S. splendida, encouraging further studies to identify active compound(s) and elucidate the mechanism(s) of action involved. Keywords: Caatinga; Virulence factors; Antimicrobials.







SULFORAPHANE MODULATES JOINT INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE CFA-INDUCED MONO-ARTHRITIS.

João Francisco S. Rodrigues1; Cristiane Santos Silva1; Thayanne F. Muniz1; Larissa N. S. Nina1; Luis Claudio Nascimento da Silva1; Elizabeth Soares Fernandes1; Marcos Augusto Grigolin Grisotto1,2

[email protected]

1 CEUMA University and 2 Florence Institute of Higher Education, São Luis, Brazil

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an inflammatory disease of the joints, affects 1% of the adult world population. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural compound found in cruciferous vegetables, pointed as a potent anti-oxidant [1,2]. This compound was shown to present anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive actions in models of neuropathy and osteoarthritis [3,4]. Additionally, in vitro studies suggest SFN inhibits macrophage- and synoviocyte-mediated responses [5,6]. Here, we investigated the effects of SFN in a mouse monoarthritis model. Monoarthritis was induced in female C57BL/6 mice (10-weeks old) by an intra-articular injection of CFA (10 μg/10 μl) into the ipsilateral knee joint [7]. PBS(contralateral)-injected joints were used as controls. From day 4th post-monoarthritis induction, mice received either vehicle (3% DMSO in saline, i.p.) or SFN (10mg/kg, i.p) twice daily for 3 days. Mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia were evaluated by using Von Frey Filaments (0.4g and 0.6g, respectively). Knee joint thickness was measured as indicative of oedema formation. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) levels and cell populations were evaluated in synovial fluid samples. CFA-injection in vehicle controls, induced knee joint pain and oedema in comparison with PBS-treated joints. SFN had no effects on pain, but reduced CFAinduced knee joint swelling. SFN also increased the levels of TrxR in the synovial fluid of CFAinjected joints, which was accompanied by increased numbers of Ly6C+ and Ly6G+ cells. Our results show that SFN attenuates joint inflammation by modulating inflammatory cell accumulation in to the knee joint and TrxR expression. Keywords: Inflammatory, rheumatoid arthritis, sulforaphane. Funding: CAPES, CNPq and FAPEMA







SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MICROORGANISM ISOLATED FROM DIABETIC FOOT INFECTIONS OF PATIENTS

IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OF SÃO LUÍS-MA.

Maury Luz Pereira1*, Bruno Carvalho Campelo2, Eriko Brito Cantanhede3, Paola Caroline da Silva Costa1, Sirlei Garcia Marques4, Andrea de Souza Monteiro5, Cristina de Andrade Monteiro5.

[email protected]

1 – Graduation student, Biomedicine, Ceuma University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. 2- Graduation student, Medicine, Ceuma University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. 3 - Master's Degree student, Parasite Biology Master Program, Ceuma University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. 4 – Cedro Laboratory, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. 5 – Parasite Biology Master Program, Ceuma University.

Clinical findings are not considered reliable to define the diagnosis of etiological agents associated with diabetic foot. In addition, isolating and identifying the microorganism is important for proper therapy and prevention of complications. The objective of the research was to identify and establish the sensitivity profile of microorganisms from diabetic foot of patients in Public Hospitals of São Luís, Maranhão. Microorganisms were identified by MALDI-TOF MS system. The sensitivity profile was performed by the Vitek-2® system. Biopsy was collected from lesions in 45 patients. Most patients had type II diabetes (88.9%), 53% were overweight and 56% had hypertension as comorbidity. The time of evolution of the wounds ranged from 1 to 5 years for most patients and 40.3% of the patients underwent surgery. Forty-nine microorganisms of clinical importance were isolated, of which the most prevalent were Pseudomonas aeruginosa 30.61%, Staphylococcus aureus 20.40%, Proteus mirabilis 16.32%, Acinetobacter spp. 8.16%; Candida spp. 4.11%. All isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 18.75% were multiresistant to 7, 9 and 10 antibiotics. Ninety percent of Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to at least two antibiotics and 30% were multi-resistant to 8 drugs. Most isolates of Proteus spp. (62.5%) was resistant to at least 3 drugs. All isolates of Acinetobacter spp. were resistant and 50% multidrug resistant to 12 antibiotics. Candida spp. were sensitive to the antifungals tested. The present study confirmed the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers.

Keywords: Diabetic foot infection; microorganisms; antibiotic resistance

Funding: Universidade Ceuma


https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus






SYNERGISMS BETWEEN Terminalia catappa EXTRACT AND FLUCONAZOLE AND ITS EFFECT ON

Candida albicans MEMBRANE INTEGRITY.

Paola Caroline da Silva Costa, Amanda Costa Ferro, Anna Rhaabe Braga Pinto, Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos, Eduardo Buozi Moffa, Luis Claúdio Nascimento da Silva, Cristina de Andrade Monteiro

[email protected]

1 Undergraduate student, Biomedicine, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil; 2 Parasite Biology Master Program, Universidade CEUMA (UniCeuma) - Rua Josué Montello n.1, Renascença II - São Luís/MA, 65075-120, Brazil;

The increase of fungal infections in the last decades is alarming and Candida spp have stand out among other fungi because of their clinical relevance, and the high prevalence of candidiasis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In addition, there is the development of fungal resistance to antifungal agents, especially fluconazole, which is the most widely used drug for treatment of these infections. Thus, medicinal plants have been studied with the aim of identifying new substances and provide the pharmaceutical industry effective drugs with less toxicity. Here, we showed the antifungal, anti-biofilm and synergistic actions with fluconazole of hydroalcoholic crude extract of Terminalia catappa leaves (TcHE) against Candida albicans samples, besides describing possible mechanisms of action of the extract on Candida cells. TcHE showed an excellent antifungal activity against all strains tested and also presented a concentration-dependent effected on C. albicans viability. The extract was not cytotoxic among concentrations of 1 to 0.001 mg/mL tested. Moreover, combinations of T. catappa extract with fluconazole have considerably increased the anti-yeast activity (FIC≤0.5). Ours findings indicated that TcHE promoted cell membrane instability probably causing plasma membrane damage in C. albicans, resulting in increased cell membrane permeability. Analysis of fungal lysosomal membrane integrity confirmed these data. This results could explain the synergistic activity observed between TcHE and fluconazole. TcHE exhibited excellent anti-biofilm properties against C. albicans strains. In conclusion, the antifungical activity and the low cytotoxic potential demonstrated by TcHE reveal that it is a promising for development as a new antimycotic.

Keywords: Candida, anti-biofilm, synergistic, fluconazole.







TARGETING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM WITH PLANT LECTINS TO COMBAT MICROBIAL INFECTIONS.

Roberval Nascimento Moraes Neto1, Lucas Weba Soares1, Adrielle Zagmignan1, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva1

[email protected]

1 Laboratory of Molecular Prospecting, CEUMA University, São Luís, Brazil.

The arsenal of drugs available to treat infections caused by eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes has been declining exponentially due to antimicrobial resistance phenomenon, leading to an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Host-directed immunotherapy has been reported as an attractive option to treat microbial infections. It consists in the improvement of host defenses by increasing the expression of inflammatory mediators and/or controlling of inflammation-induced tissue injury. Although the in vitro antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of lectins have been extensively demonstrated, few studies have evaluated their in vivo effects on experimental models of infections. This review aims to highlight the experimental use of immunomodulatory plant lectins to improve the host immune response against microbial infections. Lectins have been used prophylactically for treat bacterial infections, from example Con A (Canavalia ensiformis), ConBr (Canavalia Braziliensis), CFL (Cratylia argentea). Other lectins showed therapeutic effects in experimental fungal infectiosn such as Artin M (Artocarpus integrifolia) and Cramoll (Cratylia mollis). In all cases, these treatments resulted in the increased ration of mice survival under microbial challenge. Other studies successfully demonstrated that lectins could be used in combination with parasite antigens in order to induce a more efficient immunization (Artin M and Jacalin fromArtocarpus integrifolia and ScLL from Synadenium carinatum). Therefore, these plant lectins represent new candidates for management of microbial infections. Furthermore, immunotherapeutic studies have improved our knowledge about the mechanisms involved in host–pathogen interactions, and may also help in the discovery of new drug targets.

Keywords: Lectins, inflammatory mediators, microbial infections.







THE EFFECT OF Punica granatum EXTRACT AGAINST Enterococcus faecalis AND Candida albicans.

Monica Naufel de Sousa1*; Alessandra Teixeira de Macedo1; Joyce Castelo Branco Santos1; Ione Cristine da Silva Araujo1; Rayana Larrisa Pinheiro Soares Ferreira1; Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro2;

Lídio Gonçalves Lima-neto2; Julliana Ribeiro Alves dos Santos1. *[email protected]

1. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, CEUMA University; 2. Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of respiratory infections, CEUMA University

In refractory endodontic infections, the presence of Enteroccus faecalis and Candida albicans is common, leading to conclude that failure in endodontic treatments can be associated to presence of this microbiota. The aim of this study was to finding substances with effective antimicrobial properties for this resistant microbiota to endodontic treatments. We evaluated the inhibitory activity of the leaves extract of Punica granatum against Enteroccus faecalis and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the Punica granatum leaves extract, amoxicillin and calcium hydroxide were determined, at initial concentrations of 8 mg/mL, 4 μg/mL, 32 mg/mL, respectively, in contact with Enteroccus faecalis ATCC 19433. Punica granatum, nystatin, fluconazole and calcium hydroxide in the initial concentrations of 8 mg/mL, 16 μg/mL, 128 μg/mL and 32 mg/mL were tested against Candida albicans ATCC 90028, respectively. The results showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg/mL for nystatin, 1 μg/mL for fluconazole, 0.015 mg/ml for the leaves extract of Punica granatum and 0.125 mg/mL for calcium hydroxide against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations against Enterococcus faecalis were 0.015 μg/mL for amoxicillin, 0.015 mg/mL for the leaves extract of Punica granatum, and 0.15 mg/mL for the calcium hydroxide. It can be observed that the leaves extract of Punica granatum is effective against Enteroccus faecalis and Candida albicans, demonstrating to be an alternative medication for endodontic treatments, stimulating the other studies that corroborate this results. Keywords: Punica granatum, endodontic treatment, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans.






VIRULENCE AND RESISTANCE FEATURES OF Pseudomonas aeruginosa STRAINS ISOLATED FROM

BLOOD CULTURES OF PATIENTS TREATED IN HOSPITALS IN SÃO LUÍS – MA, BRAZIL.

Fabiana Nitz1, Bruna de Oliveira de Melo2, Andrea de Souza Monteiro1, Sirlei Garcia Marques3, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri4, Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim1.

[email protected]

1 Postgraduate Program in Parasitary Biology, Ceuma University (UNICEUMA)/São Luis-MA. 2 Undergraduate Program in Biomedicine at Ceuma University (UNICEUMA)/São Luis-MA. 3 University Hospital Presidente Dutra / Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA)/São Luis MA. 4 Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA)/São Luis MA.

Among the opportunistic pathogens involved in microbial human infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most prevalent infectious agents in the hospital environment. This bacteria has caused high mortality rates and high costs in the treatment of infected patients.This mortality is associated with the emergence of strains with multidrug-resistance profile for most antimicrobials used in clinical practice. In addition, the presence of multiple virulence factors contribute to its pathogenicity.The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular profile of virulence and resistance genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa recovered from blood cultures of patients treated in hospitals in São Luís – MA, during the period from October 2015 to August 2016. The genomic DNA of 113 isolates was extracted by the boiling method and amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction in multiplex (mPCR) to detect 36 different virulence genes and 12 resistance genes. The mPCR products were analyzed by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. The presence of genes LasB oprlF and toxA was verified in 88, 83 and 82%, respectively of the isolates. These genes favors the establishment, colonization and bacterial invasion. Genes that confer resistance to cephalosporin (AmpC) and oxacillin were detected in 97 and 14%, respectively, of the isolates. Due to the clinical importance of this pathogen, detection of virulence genes and resistance is of great interest for the control of spread of multidrug-resistant isolates in the hospital environment.

Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. virulence factors. AmpC gene.


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ANAIS RESUMOS · 2018. 5. 30. · Chair: Dr. Valério Monteiro Neto, Universidade Ceuma (UniCeuma),...

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