ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF ARSENIC IN GROUND ...tspcb.tripura.gov.in/TSPCB-Websit/Arsenic...

REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF ARSENIC IN GROUND WATER IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF TRIPURA

1. Introduction

Presence of Arsenic in ground water in excess of permissible limit is proving to be a serious health hazard in many parts of West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Bangladesh.

1.2 Tripura is a landlocked state skirted on almost all sides by Bangladesh. And since Bangladesh ground waters have tested highly Arsenic containing, the Tripura State Pollution Control Board(TSPCB) has taken special care for assessment of the Arsenic content in all ground water samples it tested during the past two to three years. But on no occasion did the TSPCB find any measurable presence of Arsenic in these samples.

1.3 As to how and why Arsenic finds entry into ground water, in the main, there are two broad theories. One theory suggests that excessive use of lead arsenate and copper arsenite as rodenticides and pesticides is responsible for arsenic contamination in ground water. The other begins from the assumption that Arsenic originates in the Himalayan headwaters of the Ganga and the Brahamaputra rivers. Over many many years these rivers have deposited arsenic in the Ganga plains and Padma-Meghna-Bramhaputra basin. There are also indications that Arsenic finds an easy adsorption in iron oxides. Tripura is considered to be a part of the Meghna basin and since presence of iron is aplenty in Tripura ground water, there is always an apriory risk of getting Arsenic in the ground water of Tripura although Tripura land, in most likelihood, was not made of Meghna sediments.

Report on Analysis of Arsenic:April,2005 -Tripura State Pollution Control Board 1

2. Objective

2.1 In the September, 2004 issue of the Doner Newsline, a newsletter published from the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DONER), there appeared a news item which stated that the North East Regional Institute of Water and Land Management (NERIWALM), Tezpur had found presence of Arsenic much above the permissible level in 117 ground water samples they had tested. The text of the Doner News item published in this score is annexed as Annexure-I.

2.2 This is an alarming finding. NERIWALM authorities were immediately requested to kindly forward the names of the actual locations from where the 117 samples of ground water were collected. But they did provide only the names of the blocks/regions from where the said samples were collected and not the actual locations.

2.3 The TSPCB, therefore, decided to collect a number of ground water samples at random from the locations scattered all over the likely zones in each of the blocks/regions in question as well as other places. Accordingly 94 number of ground water samples were collected in the month of February, 2005 and analysed to ascertain their Arsenic contents.


3. Methodology

For the study of arsenic present in ground water of Tripura a scientific team of Tripura State Pollution Control Board collected 94 numbers of ground water samples from Deep Tube Wells set up by Public Health Engineering Department, Mark-II tube wells, Shallow tube wells, dug wells and overflows located in concerned Blocks/regions in February 2004. Samples of ground water were collected in the same manner in the past.

3.2 During the collection of samples the tube wells were operated approximately 10 minutes before collection to flash out the stagnant water inside the tube and to get fresh ground water. The water samples were collected in plastic container and preserved by using of 1:1 HNO3 solution.

3.3 The chemical analysis of arsenic in ground water samples were carried out by using Silver Diethyldithiocarbamate method. In this method, 20 ml of water samples were pipetted in to Erlenmeyer flask of the apparatus. After that 30 ml of sulfuric acid (40%), 2 ml potassium Iodide (KI) solution and 8 drops of Tin (II) Chloride solution were taken and closed the flask. After shaking the flask well to mix the solution, it was kept for 15 minutes. Thereafter, 2 gm of zinc granuals were added to the reaction flask and the absorption tube containing exact 5 ml Silver Diethyldithiocarbamate-Brucine-solution was immediately assembled to the apparatus. After starting the reaction the assembly was put into the fume cupboard for one hour to complete the reaction. This was done for observing the colour changes. Afterwards, the absorbance of the absorption solution was measured by SQ-118 Spectrophotometer. The detection level of the SQ118 of TSPCB for Arsenic is of the range 0.05-0.6 mg/l.

3.4 The description of the instrument (SQ 118) is annexed as Annexure-II.


4. Observations

4.1 In none of the 94 samples so collected was found the presence of Arsenic in detectable range.

4.2 In Annexure-III, IV and V the findings of the TSPCB in respect of Arsenic contents in Tripura ground are summarised. The Annexure-VI gives the findings of a short survey conducted by the Centre for Study of Men and Environment. The Arsenic content status of Tripura ground water as obtains in a paper of Dr. A. K. Singh of NERIWALM and technical report prepared accordingly is presented as Annexure VII.

4.3 But there probably is no scope of complacence. In the TSPCB, the instrument used is SQ118 whereas NERIWALM has the most sophisticated Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. In spite of the null results it found, the TSPCB, therefore, feels that there is a necessity to conduct a full scale survey of ground water of Tripura analyzing quite a large number of samples. It is learnt that the Public Health Engineering Department of Tripura has already entrusted such a work to the All India Institute of Public Health and Hygiene of Kolkata for collection and analysis of some 5000 samples of ground water drawn from all over the State. When these results will be available a better picture of Arsenic distribution all over the State will be automatically available.


5. Drinking Water Standard of Arsenic in Ground Water

Maximum allowable concentration of Arsenic in drinking water is as follows :

Sl. No.

Standard prescribed by mg/l

1. Bureau of Indian Standard 0.05 (desirable)2. Central Public Health Environmental

Engineering Organisation, Ministry of Urban Affairs, Govt. of India

0.05

3. WHO 0.05 (desirable)4. European Union 0.055. Russia 0.016. Canada 0.05

6. Health effect of Arsenic

Arsenic is not an essential element for human, although it is found in very small quantities. It causes serious air and water pollution problems in the environment. Arsenic is an accumulative, potent, protoplasmic poison. Elemental arsenic is not absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic poisoning by arsenic compounds leads to loss of appetite and weight, diarrhea alternating with constipation, gastrointestinal disorders, peripheral neuritis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis and sometimes skin cancer, which collectively constitute what is called arsenic poisoning. It is also carcinogenic in mouth, esophagus, lyrynx and bladder. (Source: Elements of Bio-Inorganic Chemistry, G. N. Mukherjee & Aurobinda Das)


7. Recommendation

Tthe present as well as the earlier studies conducted by the Tripura State Pollution Control Board and Centre for Study of Man and Environment, Kolkata have not found the presence of Arsenic above detection level. But since the NERIWALM study has revealed that Arsenic is present in alarming proportion in many ground water samples drawn from Tripura it becomes obligatory to go for large scale study of ground waters of Tripura to ascertain the presence of Arsenic in these.


Annexure-I

EMERGING NATURAL AESENIC GROUND WATER CONTAMITION IN NORTH EASTERN INDIA: A FUTURE DANGER

Arsenic in groundwater is one of the most dangerous environmental hazards and was discovered by NERIWALAM in North East India after analysing 1500 water samples in Assam, 296 samples in Arunachal Pradesh, 182 samples in Meghalaya, 132 samples in Nagaland, 128 samples in Sikkim, 117 samples in Tripura, 114 samples in Mizoram and 60 samples in Manipur in the year 2003-04.

The WHO recommended value of arsenic in drinking water is 50 ppb based on water consumption of 2 litre per day. It is reported by WHO that 1.0 mg of inorganic arsenic per day may give rise to skin lesions within a few years and according to the US National Research Council (NRC) 50ppb of arsenic per day results in the risk of developing cancer. In the states of Assam, Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh, the arsenic levels stood above 300 ppb whereas Nagaland recorded arsenic level of above. 50 ppb.

In the North Eastern Region villages, tube wells are not only used for drinking and cooking but also for agricultural purposes. This way arsenic enters the food chain and causes chronic arsenic toxicity in course of time, resulting in arsenical skin lesions and dermatitis in the initial stages and cancer and death in patients exposed to high concentration over prolonged periods. So far there is no available medicine for chronic arsenic toxicity. Safe water, nutritious food, vitamins and physical exercise are the only preventive measures to fight the arsenic toxicity. It is the responsibility of the community workers, local and national authorities and policy makers, national and international organisation to ensure that actions are initiated to combat the emerging arsenic problem in the North Eastern Region. We should take fluoride and arsenic in groundwater as nature’s preliminary warning about more dangerous toxins yet to come.


Source : Doner Newsline, Vol-1, No.2, September, 200 4 issue, Page-5(A quarterly publication of Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region)

Annexure-II

Operation of the SQ-118 Photometer -Description of the Instrument

The SQ 118 is a universal standard photometer which can be used for routine analysis as well as for the well-directed solution of more complex tasks. This functional versatility has been achieved by the consistent use of the latest micro-processing technology. Optimal software in combination with microprocessors and other electronic components control the setting of the instrument and the data processing so that a maximum of user-friendliness is guaranteed and the movements necessary for carrying out a determination have been reduced to a minimum.

The SQ 118 is specially adapted to the analysis methods formulated for use with the well-proven Spectroquant tests. The data of all Spectroquant tests, such as factors, measuring ranges, units etc, are fix programmed. In addition user-generated methods can be entered to solve special formulations.

The SQ 118 is a single beam photometer. It functions with a tungsten halogen lamp and a filter rotor with a wavelength range of 340 to 820 nm. The filter is automatically placed in the beam path.

The detection range of the instrument for Arsenic is 0.05 – 0.60 mg/l. If Arsenic content of a sample is less than 0.05 mg/l the instrument will give null result and when the Arsenic content is more than 0.60 mg/l , the scale shows ++, meaning Arsenic content is more than 0.60 mg/l.


Annexure-III

ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF ARSENIC IN GROUND WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED BY TSPCB FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF TRIPURA

SAMPLES COLLECTED AND ANALYSED DURING FEBRUARY, 2005FEBRUARY, 2005

Sub-Division : Dharmanagar, North Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date

Name of Location Typeof source

Arsenicmg/l

Kadamtala R. D. Block1. 16.02.05 Sanicherra DTW (PHE) Nil2. 16.02.05 Kheranjuri Mark – II Nil3. 16.02.05 Churaibari,

Near Churaibari GateRing Well Nil

4. 16.02.05 M/s Anibita Petrolum Agency, Churaibari Gate

Ring Well Nil

5. 16.02.05 M/s Insaniet Brick Industires, Bhagun, Churaibari

Ring Well Nil

6. 16.02.05 Dharmapur Senior Basic School

DTW (PHE) Nil

7. 16.02.05 Sakhai Bari DTW (PHE) Nil8. 25.07.03 Govindapur J. B. School,

GovindapurShallow Tube

WellNil

Dharmanagar Nagar Panchayat9. 16.02.05 Sanitala, Dharmanagar DTW (PHE) Nil10. 16.02.05 Office Tilla, Near Kali Mandir

Dharmanagar, Shallow Tube

WellNil

11. 16.02.05 Raj Bari, Residence of Dr. Bishnupada Roy

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

12. 16.02.05 TRTC Stand, Raj Bari Mark – II NilPanisagar R.D. Block

13. 16.02.05 Mangal Khali, Near M/s Suratan Nasa Bricks Field

Over Flow Nil

14. 16.02.05 Rajnagar Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil15. 16.02.05 Jalabasa Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil16. 16.02.05 Panisagar Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil17. 16.02.05 Cham Tilla, Road side of NH-

44Mark – II Nil

18. 16.02.05 Ramnagar, Deocherra Mark – II Nil19. 16.02.05 Uptakhali Bazar Mark – II Nil


Sub-Division : Kanchanpur, North Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

20. 18.02.05 Gopalpur,Beside Gopalpur High School

Mark – II Nil

21. 18.02.05 Shantipur, Kanchanpur Ring Well Nil22. 18.02.05 Sree Rampur, Kanchanpur Mark – II Nil23. 18.02.05 Kanchanpur, Near Kanchanpur

Class XII SchoolDTW (PHE) Nil

24. 18.02.05 Subhash Nagar, Kanchanpur DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Kailashhar, North Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lGournagar R.D. Block

25. 18.02.05 Jalai, Kailashahar Mark – II Nil26. 18.02.05 Sonamukhi, Kailashahar DTW (PHE) Nil27. 18.02.05 Golakpur Tea Estate, Golakpur DTW (PHE) Nil28. 18.02.05 Rangrung, Kailashahar Ring Well Nil29. 18.02.05 Rangrung, Kailashahar Mark – II Nil30. 18.02.05 Halaipar, Dakhin Srinagar,

KailashaharMark –II Nil

31. 18.02.05 Sree Rampur , Kailashahar DTW (PHE) Nil32. 18.02.05 Chirekuti, Kailashahar Mark –II Nil

Sub-Division : Kamalpur, Dhalai

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Ambassa R. D. Block33. 18.02.05 Kulai DTW (PHE) Nil

Kamalpur Nagar Panchayat34. 19.02.05 Kamalpur Town, Kamalpur Mark –II Nil35. 19.02.05 Kamalpur Town, Kamalpur DTW (PHE) Nil36. 19.02.05 Kamalpur Town, Kamalpur Shallow

Tube WellNil

37. 19.02.05 Mohanpur, Kamalpur Mark –II Nil38. 19.02.05 Rupaspur, Kamalpur Mark –II Nil39. 19.02.05 Rupaspur, Kamalpur Shallow

Tube WellNil

40. 19.02.05 Halholi, Kamalpur Shallow Tube Well

Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

41. 19.02.05 Halholi, Kamalpur Mark – II Nil42. 19.02.05 Halholi Bazar Mark-II Nil

Salema R. D. Block43. 19.02.05 West Nalicharra DTW (PHE) Nil44. 19.02.05 Bhatkhaori, Road side of

Ambassa- Kamalpur.Shallow

Tube WellNil

45. 19.02.05 Residence of Sri Dhirendra Debnath, Bhatkhaori,

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

46. 19.02.05 Madhucherra, Road side of Ambassa-Kamalpur.

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

47. 19.02.05 Salema Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

48. 19.02.05 Salema Bazar Mark – II Nil49. 19.02.05 Maharani, Road side of

Ambassa- Kamalpur.DTW (PHE) Nil

50. 19.02.05 Nagphul, Halahali DTW (PHE) Nil51. 19.02.05 Nagphul Coloney, Halahali Mark – II Nil52. 19.02.05 Halahali Bazar Mark –II Nil

Sub-Division : Bishalgarh, West Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lDukli R.D. Block

53. 09.02.05 Anandanagar DTW (PHE) Nil54. 09.02.05 Uttrar Anandanagar DTW (PHE) Nil55. 09.02.05 Anandanagar Road No. 6, Shallow

Tube WellNil

56. 09.02.05 Sri Nagar Daskhin Anandanagar

DTW (PHE) Nil

57. 09.02.05 Ranir Khamar DTW (PHE) Nil58. 09.02.05 Ramkrishna Belurmath, Amtali, DTW (PHE) Nil59. 09.02.05 Residence of Sri Gouranga

Saha, Madhuban road No. 4Shallow

Tube WellNil

60. 09.02.05 Residence of Sri Shepal Saha, Chowmuhani Bazar, Suryamani Nagar

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

Bishalgarh R.D. Block61. 09.02.05 Nehalchandra Nagar Shallow

Tube WellNil

62. 09.02.05 Madhupur Hospital Chowmuhani

DTW (PHE) Nil

63. 09.02.05 Debipur, Kashba DTW (PHE) Nil64. 09.02.05 Residence of Smt. Bhajan Sen,

Dabipur, Kamalasagar, Shallow

Tube WellNil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/l65. 09.02.05 Office Tilla DTW (PHE) Nil66. 09.02.05 Golaghati Bazar Shallow

Tube WellNil

67. 09.02.05 Shepahaijala Class XII School, Shepahaljala

Mark – II Nil

68. 09.02.05 Baidyar Dighi High School, Baidya Dighi

DTW (PHE) Nil

69. 09.02.05 Main Gait of Shepahijala Sanctuary

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

70. 09.02.05 Shepahaijala Sanctuary, Near Dear Park

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

71. 09.02.05 Charilam DTW (PHE) Nil72. 09.02.05 Chechrimai, Bisharmgang DTW (PHE) Nil73. 09.02.05 Bishramganj DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Sadar, West Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Jirania R.D.Block74. 10.02.05 Residence of Sri Ashuranjan

Sarkar, Paul Para, Nandannagar Mark – II Nil

75. 10.02.05 Amtali, Near Nandannagar DTW (PHE) Nil76. 10.02.05 Durga Chowdhury Para DTW (PHE) Nil77. 10.02.05 R. K. Nagar, Near NEEPCO DTW (PHE) Nil78. 10.02.05 Bodhjung Nagar Industrial

Estate, TIDC Campus Pump – IDTW (PHE) Nil

79. 10.02.05 Bodhjung Nagar Industrial Estate, TIDC Campus Pump – II

DTW (PHE) Nil

80. 10.02.05 Chaturdash Devatar Mandir Complex, Puratan Agartala

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

81. 10.02.05 Dalura, Khayapur DTW (PHE) Nil

82. 10.02.05 Ranirbazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

83. 10.02.05 Nalgaria, Ranirbazar DTW (PHE) Nil84. 10.02.05 Mohanpur High School,

MohanpurShallow

Tube WellNil

85. 10.02.05 Mohanpur DTW (PHE) Nil86. 10.02.05 Harijoy Chowdhury Para High

SchoolShallow

Tube WellNil

87. 10.02.05 Bhagaban Kobra Para S. B. School

Mark – II Nil

88. 10.02.05 Jirania DTW (PHE) Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

89. 10.02.05 Jirania Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

90. 10.02.05 In front of Jirania R. D. Block Office

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

91. 10.02.05 Champaknagar DTW (PHE) Nil92. 10.02.05 Chandra Sadhu Para Mark – II Nil93. 10.02.05 Champaknagar Bazar Shallow

Tube WellNil

94. 10.02.05 Kirtibasi Para, Khumlung DTW (PHE) Nil


Annexure-IV


SAMPLES COLLECTED AND ANALYSED DURING 20042004

Sub-Division : Sabroom, South Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Santchand R.D Block1. 07.01.04 Santchand Block Chowmuhani DTW (PHE) Nil2. 07.01.04 New Manu Colony J.B. School Mark-II Nil3. 07.01.04 Manu Bazar Mark-II Nil4. 07.01.04 Manu Bazar Shallow

Tube WellNil

5. 07.01.04 Kalacherra Bazar Mark-II NilRupaichari R. D Block

6. 08.01.04 Rupaichari Hospital Complex Mark-II Nil7. 08.01.04 Parimal Chowdhury Para Mark-II Nil8. 08.01.04 Rupaichari S.B. School Mark-II Nil9. 08.01.04 Rupaichari Para Mud Well Nil10. 08.01.04 Manu Bankul DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Belonia, South Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lBagaffa R.D. Block

11. 09.01.04 Abhang Charra High School Mark-II Nil09.01.04 Nishimalay Para, Jolaibari Overflow Nil

12. 09.01.04 Shyam Sundar Para, Dakhin Jolaibari

DTW (PHE) Nil

13. 09.01.04 Kalshimukh, Baikhora DTW (PHE) Nil14. 09.01.04 Subhash Colony, Santir Bazar Mark-II Nil15. 09.01.04 Santir Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil16. 09.01.04 Birchandra Manu, Near

Inspector of School OfficeMark-II Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/l17. 09.01.04 Rajapur DTW(PHE) Nil

Rajnagar R.D. Block18. 09.01.04 Paikhalla, Near Panchayat

OfficeMark-II Nil

19. 09.01.04 Chittamara DTW (PHE) Nil20. 09.01.04 Shankar Math Ashram,

Subhash Colony, RajnagarShallow

Tube WellNil

21. 09.01.04 Dakhin Bharat Chandra Nagar DTW (PHE) Nil22. 09.01.04 Laxmipur, Near Gram

Panchayat OfficeMark-II Nil

23. 09.01.04 Barpathari DTW (PHE) NilHrishamukh R.D. Block

24. 09.01.04 Sharashima High School Mark-II Nil25. 09.01.04 Amjad Nagar DTW (PHE) Nil26. 09.01.04 Shikaripara, Baspadua Mark-II Nil27. 09.01.04 Sonaicharri DTW (PHE) Nil28. 09.01.04 Ratanpur DTW (PHE) Nil29. 09.01.04 Puran Matai DTW (PHE) Nil30. 09.01.04 Sripur DTW (PHE) Nil31. 09.01.04 Near Hrishamukh Sahid Bedi Shallow

Tube WellNil

Sub-Division : Udaipur, South Tripura

Sample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Matabari R. D Block32. 08.01.04 Garji, DTW (PHE) Nil33. 08.01.04 Chandrapur Shallow

Tube WellNil

34. 08.01.04 Matabari Temple Complex Shallow Tube Well

Nil

35. 08.01.04 M/s Binod Datta Bricks, Maharani

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

36. 08.01.04 Near Love Story Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

37. 08.01.04 Near Maharani Bazar Mark-II Nil38. 08.01.04 Heerapur, Maharani Mark-II Nil

Kakraban R.D. Block39. 08.01.04 Jamjuri, Udaipur DTW (PHE) Nil40. 08.01.04 Dhuchi Khala Sr. Basic School,

IchacharaMark-II Nil


Sample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

41. 08.01.04 Basantanagar, Kakraban Mark-II Nil

42. 08.01.04 Near Kakraban Commandar Stand

Mark-II Nil

43. 08.01.04 Kakraban Bazar Mark-II Nil

Udaipur Nagar Panchayat44. 08.01.04 Udaipur Bus Stand Shallow

Tube WellNil

Sub-Division : Sonamura, West Tripura

Sample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lKathalia R.D. Block

45. 10.01.04 Nidaya DTW (PHE) Nil46. 10.01.04 Maheshpur DTW (PHE) Nil47. 10.01.04 North Maheshpur Mark-II Nil48. 10.01.04 Kalikholla Shallow

Tube WellNil

49. 10.01.04 Manaipathar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

50. 10.01.04 Baghyerchar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

51. 10.01.04 Near Bashpukur Bazar Mark-II Nil52. 10.01.04 Dhanpur Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil53. 10.01.04 Shobhapur DTW (PHE) Nil

Melaghar R.D. Block54. 10.01.04 Begimara, Near Panchayat

OfficeMark-II Nil

55. 10.01.04 Begimara, Near M/s R.M. Bricks Shallow Tube Well

Nil

56. 10.01.04 Khedabari, Near Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

57. 10.01.04 Durlav Narayan Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

58. 11.01.04 Chandigarh, Near road side Mark-II Nil59. 11.01.04 East Chandigarh DTW (PHE) Nil60. 11.01.04 Rajghat, Neermahal Shallow

Tube WellNil

61. 11.01.04 Indira Nagar, Road Side Shallow Tube Well

Nil

Boxanagar R. D. Block62. 11.01.04 Kulubari Shallow Nil


Sample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lTube Well

63. 11.01.04 Matinagar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

64. 11.01.04 Kamalanagar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

65. 11.01.04 Bijoynagar Overflow Nil67. 11.01.04 South Kalamcharra DTW

(PHE)Nil

68. 11.01.04 Kalsimura Shallow Tube Well

Nil

69. 11.01.04 M/s Ramkrishna Bricks, Valuarchar

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

70. 11.01.04 Putia Shallow Tube Well

Nil

71. 11.01.04 Manikyanagar DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Amarpur, South Tripura

Sample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Karbook R. D Block71. 30.04.04 Jatanbari Bazar Tilla Ring Well Nil72. 30.04.04 Jatan Bari ITI Complex Ring Well Nil73. 30.04.04 Baidhya Bari DTW (PHE) Nil74. 30.04.04 Jatanbari Bazar Mark-II Nil75. 30.04.04 Forest Office, Nutanbazar Spring Well Nil

Amarpur R.D Block76. 30.04.04 Chelagang Muk Gram Mark-II Nil77. 30.04.04 Dalak Gram Ring Well Nil78. 30.04.04 Rangkang Shallow

Tube WellNil

79. 30.04.04 Thack Cherra DTW (PHE) Nil

DTW (PHE) : Deep Tube Well (Public Health Engineering)


Annexure-V


SAMPLES COLLECTED AND ANALYSED DURING DURING 2003 2003

Sub-Division : Dharmanagar, North Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Kadamtala R. D. Block01. 21-11-03 Jherjhari, Near M/s Narul

Haque Brick IndustryMark – II Nil

02. 21-11-03 Chanpur, Sanicherra, Near M/s United Brick Producer

Ring Well Nil

03. 21-11-03 Ganganagar, Near M/s Chapaha Bricks Industry

Mark – II Nil

04. 24.07.03 Near Phulubari Panchayat office

Mark-II Nil

05. 24.07.03 Phulubari Anganwari Mark-II Nil06. 24.07.03 Residence of Md. Abdul Ukil,

PhulubariMark-II Nil

07. 24.07.03 Residence of Md. Inanudhin Chowdhury, Phulubari.

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

08. 24.07.03 Lohar Patti, Phulubari Ring Well Nil09. 24.07.03 Dayananda Dham Thakur

AshramMark-II Nil

10. 24.07.03 Kadamtala Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil11. 24.07.03 Kalaganger Para Mark-II Nil12. 24.07.03 Near Kalaganger Par

Panchayat office.Ring Well Nil

13. 24.07.03 Tarapur High School Mark-II Nil14. 24.07.03 Mantique Anganwari Kendra Mark-II Nil15. 24.07.03 Mantiqe Gram Mark-II Nil16. 24.07.03 Peara Chara Tea Garden Shallow Tube

WellNil

17. 24.07.03 Sonaichari J.B. School Mark-II Nil18. 25.07.03 Sonaichari Tea garden Ring Well Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

19. 25.07.03 Near Ranirbari Panchayat office

Ring Well Nil

20. 25.07.03 Birajanagar J.B. School Mark-II Nil21. 25.07.03 B.S.F. Camp, Brajendra

NagarMark-II Nil

22. 25.07.03 B.S.F. Camp, Brajendra Nagar

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

23. 25.07.03 Brajendra Nagar Paschim GaoAdjacent to Indo-Bangla Boarder

Mark-II Nil

24. 25.07.03 Brajendra Nagar Paschim Gao

Mark-II Nil

25. 25.07.03 Brajendra Nagar Paschim Gao

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

26. 25.07.03 Brajendra Nagar Mark-II Nil

27. 25.07.03 Near Prateykrai Panchayat office

Mark-II Nil

28. 25.07.03 Prateykrai Gram Ring Well Nil29. 25.07.03 West Manipuri Mandap Shallow Tube

WellNil

30. 25.07.03 Residence of Sri H. S. Debnath, Govindapur

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

31. 25.07.03 Residence of Sri K. Nama, Govindapur

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

32. 25.07.03 Residence of Sri M. Bhowmik, Govindapur

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

33. 25.07.03 Anganwari School , Govindapur

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

34. 25.07.03 Residence of Sri K. Nama, Govindapur

Ring Well Nil

35. 25.07.03 Govindapur Tanta Silpa Samity, Govindapur

Deep Tube Well

Nil

36. 25.07.03 Govindaur Post office, Govindapur

Deep Tube Well

Nil

37. 25.07.03 Govindapur J. B. School, Govindapur

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

Panisagar R.D. Block38. 21-11-03 Krishnapur, Near M/s

Swarupananda Brick KilnMark – II Nil

39. 21-11-03 Huplongcharra, Near M/s Priyanka Brick Industry

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

40. 22-11-03 Batareshi, Near M/s Raj Brick Industry

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

41. 22-11-03 Mongalkhali, Near M/s Surat Over flow Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Tun Nasa Brick Industry42. 22-11-03 Roa, Near M/s TSIC Brick

fieldShallow Tube

WellNil

43. 22-11-03 Manipuri Basti, Jalebasa Mark –II Nil44. 22-11-03 Panisagar Police Station Mark – II Nil

Sub-Division : Kanchanpur, North Tripura

Sample

No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Pecharthal R.D. Block45. 23-11-03 Santipur,

Road side pointDTW (PHE) Nil

46. 23-11-03 Ledrai Dewan H/S School, Machmara

Mark – II Nil

47. 23-11-03 Block Tilla, Near B. D. O. Quarter Mark – II Nil48. 23-11-03 Laxmanchora, Road side point Mark – II Nil

Dasda R.D. Block49. 23-11-03 Narsinghpur, Kanchanpur DTW (PHE) Nil50. 23-11-03 Santipur, Near M/s Kshisoda

Bricks IndustryOld Ring

WellNil

51. 23-11-03 Kanchanpur Hospital Tilla Mark – II Nil

Sub-Division : Kailashhar, North Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lKumarghat R.D. Block

52. 24-11-03 Nedivi, Kumarghat, Near M/s Soma Brick Industry

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

53. 25-11-03 Betcharra, Kanchanbari Road, Mark – II Nil54. 24-11-03 Sonaimuri Village, Kumarghat-

Kailashahar roadShallow

Tube WellNil

Gournagar R.D. Block55. 24-11-03 Jalai S. B. School Mark – II Nil

56. 24-11-03 Chantali, Near M/s Sarada Moni Brick Industry, Kailashaha

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

57. 24-11-03 Kailashahar Bazar, South – East side of Fish Market

Mark – II Nil


Sub-Division : Lontarai Valley, Dhalai

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Manu R.D. Block58. 25-11-03 Devipur, Nalkata

Road side point of NH-44DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Kamalpur, Dhalai

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Ambassa R. D. Block59. 25-11-03 D. M. Office Complex, Ambassa Mark – II Nil60. 25-11-03 Jagannath Pur, Near M/s

Kalimata Brick IndustryOver Flow Nil

61. 25-11-03 Ambassa, Near Tehsil office DTW (PHE) Nil62. 26-11-03 Ganganagar Mark – II Nil63. 25-11-03 Uttar Nalicharra, On the way of

Ambassa-Kamalpur RoadMark – II Nil

Kamalpur Nagar Panchayat64. 26-11-03 Kamalpur Town Mark – II Nil65. 26-11-03 Rupshapur, Kamalpur Mark – II Nil66. 26-11-03 Mohanpur, Kamalpur Mark – II Nil

Salema R. D. Block67. 25-11-03 Baralutma, Near M/s

Swarupananda Brick Ind.Shallow

Tube WellNil

68. 26-11-03 Manik Bhander Bazar Shallow Tube Well

Nil

69. 26-11-03 Manik Bhander, Near M/s Maa Bricks Industry, South-West of Airport

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

70. 26-11-03 Netaji Club, Near Airport, South Manik Bhandar

Mark – II Nil

71. 26-11-03 Halahali Bazar, Mark – II Nil72. 26-11-03 Nagpur Colony, Near Halahali

BazarDTW (PHE) Nil

73. 26-11-03 Salema Bazar DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Gandacharra, Dhalai

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Dumburnagar R.D. Block74. 26-11-03 Narayanpur, Gandacharra Mark – II Nil75. 26-11-03 Gandacharra, Near North Shallow Nil


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Eastern Corporation Tube Well76. 26-11-03 Narayanpur, Near Vivekananda

Club, GandacharraMark – II Nil

77. 26-11-03 Narayanpur, Gandacharra DTW (PHE) Nil

Sub-Division : Bishalgarh, West TripuraSample No.

Sampling Date


Arsenicmg/l

Jampuijala R.D. Block78. 19.11.03 Hridoy colony Shallow

Tube WellNil

79. 19.11.03 Kalikanta para Shallow Tube Well

Nil

80. 19.11.03 Residence of Sri Kumar Debbarma

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

81. 19.11.03 Residence of Sri Swapan Debbarma

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

82. 19.11.03 House of Sri Swapan Debbarma

Shallow Tube Well

Nil

83. 19.11.03 House of Sri Sushil Debbarma Shallow Tube Well

Nil

84. 19.11.03 Falguna para Shallow Tube Well

Nil

85. 19.11.03 Sangatrampara Shallow Tube Well

Nil

86. 19.11.03 Vivekananda Kalyan Ashram Shallow Tube Well

Nil

Sub-Division : Sadar, West Tripura

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lMandai R.D. Block

87. 18.11.03 Chargaria, Mandai Mud Well Nil88. 18.11.03 Dinabandhu Sadhu para,

MandaiRing Well Nil

89. 18.11.03 Nabin Sadhu para, Mandai Mud Well Nil90. 18.11.03 Rabikumarpara, Mandai Mud Well Nil91. 18.11.03 Gachia, Mandai Ring Well Nil92. 18.11.03 Old Bazar, Mandai Ring Well Nil93. 18.11.03 Debcharanpara, Mandai Mud Well Nil94. 18.11.03 Mandai Hospital Mark-II Nil


SUMMARY LIST OF THE GROUND WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED BY TSPCB FROM

DIFFERENT PARTS OF TRIPURA FOR DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC

Sl No

Name of the Sub-division

Name of Block/Nagar Panchayats

Typeof Sources

Total No. of

Samples

DTW(PHE

)

Mark-II

Shallow Tube

Well

Dug Well

Overflow

1.Dharma-nagar

KadamtalaR.D. Block

7 17 10 10 - 44

2. Dharmanagar Nagar Panchayat

1 1 2 - - 4

3. PanisagarR.D. Block

3 6 3 - 2 14

4.Kanchanpur PecharthalR.D. Block

1 3 - - - 4

5. DasdaR.D. Block

3 3 - 2 - 8

6.Kailashahar KumarghatR.D. Block

- 1 2 - - 3

7. GournagarR.D. Block

3 6 1 1 - 11

8.Longtarai Valley

ManuR.D. Block

1 - - - - 1

9.Kamalpur AmbassaR.D. Block

2 3 - - 1 6

10. Kamalpur Nagar

1 8 3 - - 12


Sl No



Typeof Sources

Total No. of

Samples

DTW(PHE

)

Mark-II

Shallow Tube

Well

Dug Well

Overflow

Panchayat11. Salema

R.D. Block5 5 7 - - 17

12.Ganda-charra

Dumburnagar R.D. Block

1 2 1 - - 4

13.Bishalgarh DukliR.D. Block

5 - 3 - - 8

14.`

BishalgarhR.D. Block

7 1 5 - - 13

15. JampuijalaR.D. Block

- - 9 - - 9

16.Sadar JiraniaR. D. Block

11 3 7 - - 21

17. MandaiR.D. Block

- 1 -

7 - 8

18.Amarpur KarbookR.D. Block

1 1 - 2 1 5

19. AmarpurR.D. Block

1 1 1 1 - 4

20.Sabroom SantchandR.D. Block

1 3 1 - - 5

21. RupaichariR.D. Block

1 3 - 1 - 5

22.Belonia BagafaR.D. Block

4 1 2 - 1 8

23. RajnagarR.D. Block

3 2 1 - - 6

24. Hrishyamukh R.D. Block

5 2 1 - - 8

25.Udaipur MatabariR.D. Block

1 2 4 - - 7

26. KakrabanR.D. Block

1 4 - - - 5

27. Udaipur Nagar Panchayat

- - 1 - - 1

28.Sonamura KathaliaR.D. Block

4 2 3 - - 9

29. Melaghar 1 2 5 - - 8


Sl No



Typeof Sources

Total No. of

Samples

DTW(PHE

)

Mark-II

Shallow Tube

Well

Dug Well

Overflow

R.D. Block30. Boxanagar

R.D. Block2 - 6 - 1 9

Total 76 83 78 24 6 267

Annexure-VI

ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF ARSENIC IN GROUND WATER SAMPLESCOLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT PART OF TRIPURA BY

CENTRE FOR STUDY OF MAN & ENVIRONMENT

Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lDistrict : North Tripura

1. 14.05.01 Kailashahar Deep Tube Well

<0.003

2. 14.05.01 Dharmanagar Hand Pump <0.0033. 14.05.01 Kanchanpur Deep Tube

Well<0.003

4. 14.05.01 Kumarghat Deep Tube Well

<0.003

District : Dhalai5. 18.05.01 Manu Deep Tube

Well<0.003

District : West Tripura6. 10.06.01 Dukli Deep Tube

Well<0.003

7. 10.06.01 Jirania Deep Tube Well

<0.003

8. 11.06.01 A.D.Nagar Deep Tube Well

<0.003

9. 11.06.01 Kunjaban Deep Tube <0.003


Sample No

Sampling Date


Arsenic

mg/lWell

10. 15.06.01 Dhanpur Hand Pump <0.00311. 23.06.01 Dhanpur Deep Tube

Well<0.003

12. 16.06.01 M/s Ramkrishna Engineering Works

Hand Pump <0.003

13. 24.06.01 Khowai Deep Tube Well

<0.003

14. 24.06.01 Khowai Auto flow <0.00315. 25.06.01 R. C. Nagar Deep Tube

Well<0.003

16. 16.06.01 Chandrapur Deep Tube Well

<0.003

District : South Tripura17. 18.06.01 Santirbazar Deep Tube

Well<0.003

18. 22.06.01 Belonia Deep Tube Well

<0.003

Annexure-VIIANALYTICAL RESULTS OF ARSENIC IN GROUND WATER SAMPLES

COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT PART OF TRIPURA BY

NORTH EASTERN REGIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND LAND MANAGEMENT TEZPUR, ASSAM

A. Arsenic Contaminated Area of Tripura (Permissible level: 50 g/l or ppb

as per WHO)

District Number of Samples Analysed

(% age of As conta-

mination)

Location Arsenic (g/l) Maximum Arsenic Contamination Area

Non-Monsoon

Monsoon

West Tripura

52(22.2)

Jirania, Bishalgarh

191 144 Jirania and Bishalgarh Block

Dhalai 36(42.1)

Salema, Hallahali, Halhooli, Kamalpur, Joynagar

65-444 77-165 Salema and Kamalpur Block

North 30 Sanitala, 122-283 62-215 Dharmanagar


Tripura (57.1) Rajbari, Dharmanagar, Kailashahar, Kanchanpur & Jampui

and Kailashahar Block

SouthTripura

36(Nil)

-- 6.38 5-23 --

Source : Characterisation of Drinking Water for the quality in NE India, Technical Report, NERIWALAM, Tezpur-784027, Assam, 2004(Received from Chief Engineer, PHE, Agartala)

B. In Tripura, part of West Tripura, North Tripura and Dhalai district have arsenic in between 65-444 g/l. The details of the samples, percent As contamination and concentration of iron, arsenic and pH is shown in Table below:

District Number of samples analysed (% age of As contamination

Location PH Iron(mg/l)

Arsenicg/l

West Tripura

38(22.2)

Jirania 7.1 10.98 191

Dhalai 19(42.1)

Salema, Halhali, Halhooli, Kamalpur, Joynagar

7.3 – 8.3 0.45 – 8.91

65-444

North Tripura

21(57.14)

Sanitala, Rajbari, Dharmanagar

6.8 – 8.1 0.48 – 1.04

122-283

Source : Arsenic Contamination in Ground Water of North Eastern India. Dr. A.K. Singh, Associate Professor and Adviser (Soil and Water Testing Lab & Microbiology Lab), NERIWALAM, Tezpur-784027, Assam (India)


Published in Proceedings of National Seminar on ‘Water Quality’ held at National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee during November 22-23, 2004.


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