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8/8/2019 Anatomy, Lecture 11, Abdominal Cavity 2
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Anatomy: CavityAnatomy: Cavity (2):(2):
Liver, Pancreas &Liver, Pancreas & SpleenSpleen
55thth Lecture of SecondLecture of Second
8/8/2019 Anatomy, Lecture 11, Abdominal Cavity 2
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The LiverThe Liver
The largest internal organ & gland in the body
Functions:
bile prod. & secretion
metabolismbld. Filtration
Surfaces:
convex supero-anterior (Diaphragmatic)
flat infero-posterior (Visceral)
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Diaphragmatic SurfaceDiaphragmatic Surface
Supero-anteriorly
Separated from diaphragm:
subphrenic space
Attached to ant. abd. Wall:
falciform ligament
Superiorly:Bare area of the liver
Due to split of falciform peritoneal layers,
Extends posteriorly between coronary peritoneal layers
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Visceral SurfaceVisceral Surface
Infero-posteriorly (facing other abdominal viscera)
Contain impressions from other viscera:
gastric imp. (Lf.)
renal imp. (Rt. & Post.)
Colic imp. (Rt. & Ant.):
by Rt. Colic flexure
Covered with peritoneum, except:
1. over the bed of gall bladder2. in porta hepatis (hilum of liver)
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Porta HepatisPorta Hepatis
In the middle of visceral surface
Contains: (Portal Triad)
Portal vein (in)
Hepatic artery (in)
Bile duct (out)
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Lobes ofThe LiverLobes ofThe Liver
Specific partial parts of the organ that separated by fissures or ligaments
Anatomically:
4 lobes;
Rt., Lf., caudate & quadrate
Physiologically (Fxn.):
2 lobes;
Rt. & Lf.
*bld. Supply & bile secretion of caudate & quadrate lobes are passing with
left lobe.
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Quadrate Lobe:
Quadrangular in shape
Between gall bladder &
Ligamentum teres
Caudate Lobe:
(Latin for tail)
Between IVC &
Ligamentun venosum
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Ligaments ofThe LiverLigaments ofThe Liver
Double layers of peritonuem that attach the liver to another organDouble layers of peritonuem that attach the liver to another organ
or to the abdominal wallor to the abdominal wall
Falciform Lig.: (located Ant.)
Attaches liver to ant. abd. Wall
Inf.:
encloses ligamentum teres
Sup.:
splits to coronary & lf. Triangular lig.s
forming the bare area
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Falciform lig. & lig. teresFalciform lig. & lig. teres
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Superior Ligaments (3 lig.)
Right side
coronary lig.:
2 layers that are widely seperated
Extends the bare area
Rt. Triangular ligament:
Termination of the coronary lig.
When the 2 layers meet
Connects liver to ???
Left Side
Lf. Triangular lig.
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Inferior Ligaments (2 lig.)
Ligamentum teres:
(round lig. of the liver)
Reminant of umbilical vein
Umbilicus portal vein (lf. Branch)
Ligamentum Venosum:
Reminant of ductus venosus in
fetus
Lf. branch of Portal vein IVC
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Liver (Review)Liver (Review)
Surfaces? 2
Areas without peritoneum? 3
Lobes? 4
Ligaments? 6
Ant. (1)
Sup. (3)Inf. (2)
*Porta hepatis is locatedbetween which lobes ant. &post. ?
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Blood Supply to LiverBlood Supply to Liver
*Bld. Comes from 2 sources to the liver
1. Hepatic artery: (oxygenation)
from celiac trunk of abd. Aorta
brings O2 bld.
2. Portal Vein: (filtration)
formed by Splenic & Sup. Mesenteric veins
brings deO2 bld. For filtration
* bld. Mix within the liver & drain throughHepatic Veins:
located post.
open directly into IVC
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Bile DuctsBile Ducts
Bile Secretion:Liver
Bile Storage:
gall bladder
Hepatic (liver) bile ducts:
Rt. & Lf. Hepatic ducts
Common hepatic duct
Gall bladder duct:
Cystic duct
common hepatic duct + cystic duct = common bile duct
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Common Bile DuctCommon Bile Duct
Formed by union of:? +?
Descends down behind ??
Joins the main pancreatic duct
Opens in 2nd partof duodenum
Through:
Ampulla of Vater
Into major duodenal papilla
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Ampulla of Vater & Major duodenalAmpulla of Vater & Major duodenal
papillapapilla
Ampulla of Vater
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Gall BladderGall Bladder
Stores & concentrate bile
Anatomy:
Fundus, body & neck
Cystic duct:
Joins which duct?
To form?
Bld. Supply:
Cystic a. from right hepatic artery
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PancreasPancreas
Both exocrine & endocrine gland
Exocrine:
hydrolytic enzymes duodenum
Endocrine:
Islets of Langerhans (insulin & glucagon)
venous bld. Circulation
* Retroperitoneal except the tail part
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Anatomy of PancreasAnatomy of Pancreas
4 parts
Head:
disc shaped
within the concavity of the duodenum
(in close contact)
Neck:
constructed portionbetween head & body
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Body:largest part
Tail:
intraperitoneal
in contact with the hilum of the spleen
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spleenspleen
*Intraperitoneal
In the left hypochondriac region
(over 9th, 10th & 11th ribs)
Attaches to stomach by:
gastrosplenic lig.
Attaches to Lf. Kideny by:
splenicorenal lig.