“GREEN” CONSTRUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AT A
SMALL PARTS MANUFACTURING FACILITY USING THE CONCEPTS OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
Jamie RussellLaboratory for Sustainable Solutions
Ferol Vernon (coauthor)President and CEO, SDST, LLC
Dr. Wally Peters (coauthor)Director Laboratory for Sustainable SolutionsLaboratory for Sustainable Solutions
The Building of SDST’s Columbia Facility as a Green and Sustainable Industry
� Developing SDST as a good neighbor to the community: people, critters, and economy – Green Building Practices– ISO 14001 Implementation (using IE concepts)
Green Building Practices
� Site Initiatives--flexible siting to work with the wetlands, advanced jobsite siltation control, low mow/low water landscaping
� Energy Efficiency Measures--high efficiency chiller system, insulated prepoured tilt up slabs, low E glazing, minimal solar gain orientation
� Construction waste recycling-- 73% construction waste recycled or 294 tons diverted from the landfill, at a cost savings vs. landfilling!
C&D Debris Recycling
SDST Columbia Site
Construction Waste Recycling
Summary
Material
Amount Recycled
(yd 3̂)
Amount Recycled
(tons)Recycling
CostsRecycling
Transportation
Amount Landfilled
(yd 3̂)
Amount Landfilled
(tons) Landfill CostsLandfill
TransportationRoofing/Gen 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00 140 24.53 $343.38 $400.00Gen. Waste 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00 210 71.90 $1,006.56 $630.00Cardboard 230 7.67 $0.00 $480.00 64 2.14 $29.97 $80.00
Wood 159.6 23.82 $670.99 $1,800.00 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00Masonry 240 256.80 $600.00 $960.00 8 8.54 $119.61 $80.00Metals 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00Plastic 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Gypsum 30 6.00 $84.83 $150.00 0 0.00 $0.00 $0.00Totals 659.6 294.29 $1,355.82 $3,390.00 422 107.11 $1,499.52 $1,190.00
Trans. costs if landfilled: $1,860.01Current Costs $7,435.34 Cost to Landfill all Materials ($14/ton) $8,669.56
SDST Columbia Site
EPA RTP Project
61.0% NA73.3% 90%
Volume percentage of material recycled to total:Weight percentage of materal recycled to total:
� Must be flexible:– Work with the land not against it– Be able to change design
� Time constraints critical, it’s a one time shot� Must have financial flexibility to incorporate
efficiency that pays off in operation costs� More information:
– www.engr.sc.edu/research/lss
What is an EMS?What Does ISO 14001 Require?
� Use the Deming Cycle (continuous improvement) to establish and maintain an EMS including:
�Management Rev.�Audits�Record Keeping�Training�Corrective Action�Objectives Targets�Emergency Prep.�Aspects Impacts�Operation Control�Legal Req.’s�Doc. Control�Policy Statement
� Appropriate to nature, scale, and environmental impacts of activities, products, or services
� Include commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution
� Commitment to comply with environmental regulations (i.e. regulatory compliance)
� Framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives andtargets
It is the goal of SDST to be a leader in the protection of our world, meeting and exceeding regulatory requirements while creating a model for our community.
Specifically, we will aggressively pursue sustainable solutions for our interactions with the larger environment for the life cycle of our product including:
– Pollution prevention– Manufacturing processes– Product use– Remanufacturing at usable life cycle
These solutions will be created using the principles of industrial ecology.
This includes the concept of continuous improvement, which is a foundation for SDST’s operating philosophy.
It is the responsibility of all SDST associates to work in a safe and environmentally responsible manner.
� Regulatory Requirements (EPA)– Focus on outputs: end of pipe/command and control
� Aspects (Inputs, Outputs, Processes)– ISO focused on but not limited to local operation– IE broadens the focus to life cycle effects
� Impacts (Interaction with Environment)– ISO focus “controlling impacts on the environment”– IE coherence with earth systems
Getting The Big PictureThe Earth is a closed system”
Energy From Sun
Spent Energy(Heat)
The Earth SystemFor over 4 billion years, the Earth System Could be represented by four spheres
Ayres & Simonis (1994)
Modern Earth SystemRecently, we need a fifth sphere to complete the description
Anthrosphere
Ecosystem (subsystem of the Biosphere)Ecosystems are technically considered open systems, but mass is recycled through the system
Industrial System(subsystem of the anthrosphere)Industrial systems are open systems and normally do not recycle mass
Extractors Producers Consumers Disposers
Industrial System: Closing the LoopNeed demanufacturing to close the loop
Extract Produce Consume Demanufacture/Decompose
Sunlight Precipitation
Air Emissions
Noise, Light,Heat
Product, Spent Materials
Sewage, Spent Water, Storm Water
Vehicles, People,Information
Utilities, Materials
Customer
Machining Washing Assemble& Test
Air Emissionsheat, noise
Air Emissionsheat, noise
Air Emissionsheat, noise
CuttingFluid
GrindWheels Steel Cleaning
Fluid Water CalibFluid
Swarf:Steel
AbrasiveFluid
Maint:Oil, Rags,
Filters, Oily Water
SpentCutting Fluid Spent
Wash WaterRejects
Maint:Oil, Rags,
Filters, Oily Water
SpentCalib Fluid
Input Energyto all processes
� ISO 14001– Scale of impact– Severity of impact– Probability of occurrence– Duration of impact– Regulatory/Legal exposure– Difficulty to change impact– Cost to change impact– Effect of change on other
products or processes– Concerns of interested
parties– Effect on public image
� Industrial Ecology– Balancing loops or
(waste=food)– Mass flow rates– Purity (configurational
entropy)– Imparted structure or form– Chemical energy– Earth Systems Interactions– Transportation energy
(distance to consumer or decomposer)
– Life cycle impacts of product
� ISO 14001 & Industrial Ecology are compatible� Explain Industrial Ecology principles before beginning
ISO 14001 implementation� Start with the “big picture” and zoom in� Don’t get stuck in the process:
– Focus on big items first– Will get to the smaller using Deming cycle
� The key interface between IE and ISO occurs when examining Aspects and Impacts
� Full Presentation Available on the Web www.engr.sc.edu/research/lss