Energy intake > Energy expenditure stored as adipose

AppetiteSatiety

Absorption

Metabolic rateThermogenesisPhysical action

Genetic Factors

Energy expenditure↓

Environmental Factors

Energy intake ↑

Neuroendocrine regulation

OBESITY

•Psycological aspect•Cultural &

Socioeconomic aspects

•Hormones•

Neurotransmitter• Enzymes •Receptors

•Total caloric content•Composition of the

diet

•Resting metabolic rate

•Thermo genesis•Physical activity

Central NPY Cocaine Agouti related peptide Amphetamine Dopamine Histamine Noradrenaline Peripheral Gherlin Leptin Dynorphin Insulin