Cristóbal Cobo, phd Oxford Internet Institute

“My grandmother wanted me to have an education, so she kept me out of school.”

Margaret Mead.

• … as a significant in its future affect upon the American way of living…something that every educator must take into consideration.

• …. open ups a brand new world.

ipad

ipad

• … as a significant in its future affect upon the American way of living…something that every educator must take into consideration.

• …. open ups a brand new world. […TV]

[…TV]

Spokane Daily Chronicle – Oct 29, 1948.

http://media.photobucket.com/image/recent/cheater001/martin_luther_king_jr.jpg

Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929 –1968)“the vision of a color blind society”

Changing the rules

a technology mature education

Intellect Technology Association > Department for Education (DfE) in the UK:

"El sistema actual está demasiado centrado en enseñar a los estudiantes cómo utilizar software específicos y no favorece el desarrollo de habilidades informáticas más avanzadas".

Existe la necesidad de adoptar una capacitación más amplia en el uso de TIC que favorezcan una mayor creatividad, donde contenidos interactivos y tecnología multimedia se empleen transversalmente en distintas clases.

Intensity of computer use in school lessons, and digital reading performance[OECD average-15]

http://tinyurl.com/pisa2009

1895Herbert George Wells,

1. “Education is no longer terminal”. 2. The explosion of knowledge will cause sweeping curriculums

changes”.3. “There will be so much knowledge available that the primary

problem will be to teach students how to find what they need”. 4. “Technologies […] opportunities for learning new skills”. 5. “The greatest challenge education faces is to deal with the new

importance of radio, television, recording … will be a crucial”.

The Leader Post.1967 2010

Inspired by Technology, Driven by Pedagogy

Plato critiques the writing because it weakens the memory and leads people to forgetfulness….

http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/media/galleries/philosophy/philosophy_gallwancient.htm

{Phaedrus(275a)}

370 BC

http://cgd.s3.amazonaws.com/GrowthReportAppendix.pdfSource: Foguer.1999. Catching Up with the Economy. American Economic Review. 89(1)W

orld

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oninfo-nano-eco-cogno era > new literacies

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Time (Years)

Internet blocked in schools

"shut down"

“We drive into the future using only our rear view mirror.” Marshall McLuhan

statements

imposing technologies in a fairly inflexible way

Statement #1

http://www.cognitivetechnologies.net/90-years-since-pressey/

Have we focused too much on the technology (since Skinner)?

Skinner and teaching machine

1958

Frederic Skinner,

Harvard University

List of questions. Mechanism to respond.

http://tinyurl.com/aprendizajeprogramado

1995Unreliable, boring, more technology to do the same.Memorization. Mechanical Task. Limited in time/space.

future>http://tinyurl.com/interneten1995

http://www.guardian.co.uk/government-computing-network/2011/apr/21/intellect-crticises-ict-curriculum-schools

1920/2010

post modern schoolshttp://tinyurl.com/tabletolpc

¿Qué es lo que no queremos?Nuevas tecnologías para hacer lo mismo de siempre

http://tinyurl.com/educaciondistancia

Literacy: number of people (+15) who can read and write

1950

traditional literacy + 21st century literaciesilliterate educational institutions

Statement #2

Matthew White (1997)

World (traditional) illiteracy

Increase 3 times Afghanistan/Niger

United Nations Millennium Development GoalsIncrease adult literacy by 50%

2015

World Illiteracy Rate 1970 – 2000 (prognosis for 2005 – 2015), age 15 years and over. Source UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS).

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010*0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Global ICT developments, 2000-2010*

Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions

Internet users

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*EstimatesSource: ITU World Telecommunication /ICT Indicators database

8

Television: Total Revenue by Category,as % of GDP, 1970-2009

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

0.0%

0.2%

0.4%

0.6%

0.8%

1.0%

1.2%

1.4%

.38%

.93% 1.06%

% G

DP

Broadcasting

Internet

Cable TV

DBS/Telco

Sources: U.S. Census; trade associations; industry analysts; 10-K reports; author estimationsPreliminary data (Waterman/Ji, March, 2011)

9

Movie Theaters/Video: Total Revenue by Category as % of GDP, 1970-2009

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

0.20%

0.25%

0.30%

.14%

.27%

.23%

% G

DP

Theater

Home Video

Internet.

Sources: U.S. Census; trade associations; industry analysts; 10-K reports; author estimationsPreliminary data (Waterman/Ji, March, 2011)

Digital divide > connectivity

telegeography.comAccess only 2 every 7

http://www.ragtag.info/2011/feb/2/history-world-100-seconds/

One (random) day in Wikipedia…

424,000 articles + 14,200 geo-tagged events. [by Gareth Lloyd and Tom Martin.]

84% articles from EU and US More Articles of Antarctica than any other country in South America or Africa

Graham, M., Hale, S. A. and Stephens, M. (2011) Geographies of the World’s Knowledge. London, Convoco! Edition. Oxford Internet Institute.

• Capability to evaluate information from several web-based sources, assessing the credibility and utility of what they read using criteria that they have generated themselves.

• Ability to work out a pathway across multiple sites to find information without explicit direction:

that is autonomous and efficiently.

• These two capabilities –

critical evaluation and expertise in locating relevant information – are key skills in a medium in which there is virtually unlimited material available, and in which the integrity of the sources is often dubious.”

OECD - [digital reading skills] 2011

Digi-Log: "Briefcase Portability" (1976)

Content creation

Translation/integration

Sharing of knowledge

3 basic literacies

Literacy: capacity to apply knowledge and skills in key areas to analyse, communicate effectively, solve problems in different situations (OCDE, 2004).

http://tinyurl.com/competenciadigital

http://www.flickr.com/photos/passetti/5468641095/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Create/ Connect / AggregationBasic literacy #1

less Copyright and more right to copy

in.reuters.com

Basic Literacy # 2 Translation (meaning-format), Transformation, Contextualization,

repliers > connectors

www.DiTzeitung.comWhere is Hillary Clinton?

Retrieve, select, analyze, contextualize

in.reuters.com

‘everybody lies’

http://mindshift.kqed.org/2011/05/10-open-education-resources-you-may-not-know-about-but-should/

Basic literacy #3 Knowledge distribution, low cost, decentralization

SCOLARI, C. COBO, C. and PARDO, H. (forthcoming) Should We Take Disintermediation In Higher Education Seriously? Expertise, Knowledge Brokering, and Knowledge Translation in the Age of Disintermediation. In Takševa, T. (coord.) Social Software and the Evolution of User Expertise: Future Trends in Knowledge Creation and Dissemination. IGI Global (Idea Group Reference).

http://tinyurl.com/Khan2011

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Statement #3

• contenido: librería• continente: dispositivo• contenido + contexto: escuela analógica• contenido + continente: laptops subutilizada

• contenido + continente + (multi)contexto: aprendizaje invisible

http://tinyurl.com/creatividad2011

Committee for Democracy in Information Technology (1995, Santa Marta -slum-, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Regional offices in 20 Brazilian States, + Colombia, Uruguay, Chile, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Japan, Angola, South Africa & Argentina (5000 café – 850 community centers)

Using Internet to attack young people at risk

slum children, indigenous, former prisoners, physically & mentally disables.

To build new bridges between different kinds of learningProject: To develop an IT project relevant for the community

{ 1 }

{ 2 }

Experimental communities> trial/error + combine disciplines + Problem based learning[real world] ICT outside of the classroom

Peer based learningmicro-transference (exchange of experiences)– (different ages, uses context)

“doesn´t matter if kids don´t have a great IT teacher” (Sugata Mitra)

{ 3 }

We learn….10% of what we read.20% of what we hear.30% of what we see.

50% of what we both see and hear.70% of what is discussed with others

80% of what we experience95% of what we teach

-William Glasser-

90% of what we learn come informallyPrinceton´s center for creative leadership

70/20/1070% work/experience.20% interaction with others.10% formal learning.

{ 4 }

Lifelong learning > DIY (time/spaces)

‘we need to engineer new technologies to help them HOW to learn, not WHAT to learn’(Moravec)

{ 5 }"Recognition of Non-Formal and Informal Learning" OCDE. Werquin. 2010

More flexible instrument of assessmentRecognize tacit knowledge + soft skills.“Life is not a multiple choice test, it's an open-book essay exam” Alan Blinder (Princeton)

www.aprendizajeinvisible.com

Cristóbal Cobo Romaní, phdOxford Internet InstituteUniversity of Oxford

John Moravec, phdDocente Estudios de InnovaciónPosgrado de Estudios Liberales,Universidad de Minnesota.

Lets dream with an education that includes technology no to make old thing faster but to

trigger creativity and innovation

From hardware to the mindware

360º:Visión crítica inn. tecnológicaModelos de generación.Modelos de distribución - OER.Redeficinición de espacios.Repensar i. evaluación.Rediseñar m. acreditación.Mayor movilidad.DIY + LLL.Experimentation continua.Habilidades blandas.Laboratorios de colaboraciónCompetencias + madurez digital

San Francisco Exploratorium

… the future of the US education. Scientific technology has been taking place in the classroom in the form of educational television, teaching machines, electronic computers […] There is so much to learn and so little time in which to learn it… Tape recorders, earphones and phonographs [give students] individualized instruction”.

Eugene Register-Guard – Sep 5, 1963.