+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and)...

Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and)...

Date post: 16-Jul-2021
Category:

Documents
Upload: others
View: 1 times
Download: 0 times
Download Report this document
Share this document with a friend
54
Ar#ficial Intelligence Swarm Intelligence Prof Alexiei Dingli
Transcript
Page 1: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Ar#ficial  Intelligence  

Swarm  Intelligence    

Prof  Alexiei  Dingli  

Page 2: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Fast  changing  world  •  Environment  very  dynamic  and  cannot  be  framed  into  algorithms  

•  Social  insects  and  animals  are  –  Efficient  –  Flexible    –  Robust  

•  Solve  problems  like  –  Food  finding  –  Self  Organisa#on  –  Path  Op#misa#on  

Page 3: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Powerful  ...  

•  Swarms    – Build  colonies  – Work  in  a  coordinated  manner  without  having  anyone  in  control  

– Build  giant  structures  – Find  food  sources  quickly  and  efficiently  

– Flocks  coordinate  to  move  without  collisions  

– Schools  of  fish  fend  off  predators  

Page 4: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Bees  

Page 5: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Bees  •  Colony  coopera.on    

 •  Regulate  hive  temperature  

 •  Efficiency  via  Specializa.on:  division  of  

labor  in  the  colony    

•  Communica.on  :  Food  sources  are  exploited  according  to  quality  and  distance  from  the  hive  

Page 6: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Wasps  

Page 7: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Wasps  

•  Pulp  foragers,  water  foragers  &  builders  

•  Complex  nests  – Horizontal  columns  

– Protec.ve  covering  – Central  entrance  hole  

Page 8: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Termites  

Page 9: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Termites  

•  Cone-­‐shaped  outer  walls  and  ven.la.on  ducts  

•  Brood  chambers  in  central  hive  

•  Spiral  cooling  vents  •  Support  pillars  

Page 10: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of
Page 11: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Ants  

Page 12: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Ants  •  Organizing  highways  to  and  from  their  

foraging  sites  by  leaving  pheromone  trails  

•  Form  chains  from  their  own  bodies  to  create  a  bridge  to  pull  and  hold  leafs  together  with  silk  

•  Division  of  labor  between  major  and  minor  ants  

Page 13: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of
Page 14: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of
Page 15: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of
Page 16: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Problem  and  Solu#on  

•  Systems  are  becoming    –  Larger  and  error  prone  –  Complex  – Difficult  to  have  a  global  control  

•  Swarm  intelligence  –  Robust  –  Flexible  –  Rela#vely  simple  –  Self-­‐Organised  

Page 17: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Defini#on  

 Any  aMempt  to  design  algorithms  or  distributed  problem-­‐solving  devices  inspired  by  the  collec#ve  behaviour  of  social  insect  colonies  and  other  animal  socie#es  

Page 18: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Boids  

•  Created  in  1987  •  Simulates  a  flock  of  birds  •  Each  boid  is  –  Independent  – Navigates  on  its  own  percep#on  of  the  environment  

Page 19: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

4  rules  of  Boids  

•  Avoidance  

•  Alignment  or  Copy  

•  Centre  

•  View  

Page 20: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Avoidance  Rule  

•  Avoids  collisions  •  Acquire  the  unfilled  space  

Page 21: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Alignment  Rule  

•  Copy  movements  of  neighbours  by  steering  towards  the  average    

•  Match  velocity  

Page 22: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Center  Rule  

•  Steer  to  move  towards  the  average  posi#on  of  flockmates  

Page 23: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

View  Rule  

•  A  boid  should  move  away  from  any  boid  that  blocks  its  view  

Page 24: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of
Page 25: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Principles  of  Flocking  •  Homogeneity  –  Every  bird  has  the  same  behaviour  model  

•  Locality  – Mo#on  is  only  influenced  by  its  nearest  flock  mate  

•  Collision  avoidance  •  Velocity  matching  •  Flock  Cantering  –  Stay  close  to  nearby  flock  mates  

Page 26: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

An  In-­‐depth  Look  at  Real  Ant  Behaviour  

Page 27: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Interrupt  The  Flow  

Page 28: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

The  Path  Thickens!  

Page 29: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

The  New  Shortest  Path  

Page 30: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Adap.ng  to  Environment  Changes  

Page 31: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Adap.ng  to  Environment  Changes  

Page 32: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Problems  Regarding  Swarm  Intelligent  Systems  

   •  Swarm  Intelligent  Systems  are  hard  to  ‘program’  since  the  problems  are  usually  difficult  to  define  –  Solu.ons  are  emergent  in  the  systems  

–  Solu.ons  result  from  behaviors  and  interac.ons  among  and  between  individual  agents  

Page 33: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Possible  Solu.ons  to  Create  Swarm  Intelligence  Systems  •  Create  a  catalog  of  the  collec.ve  behaviors    

•  Model  how  social  insects  collec.vely  perform  tasks  –  Use  this  model  as  a  basis  upon  which  ar.ficial  varia.ons  can  be  developed  

– Model  parameters  can  be  tuned  within  a  biologically  relevant  range  or  by  adding  non-­‐biological  factors  to  the  model  

Page 34: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Four  Ingredients  of    Self  Organiza.on  

•  Posi.ve  Feedback    •  Nega.ve  Feedback  •  Amplifica.on  of  Fluctua.ons  -­‐  randomness  

•  Reliance  on  mul.ple  interac.ons  

Page 35: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Proper.es  of    Self-­‐Organiza.on  

•  Crea.on  of  structures  

–  Nest,  foraging  trails,  or  social  organiza.on    

•  Changes  resul.ng  from  the  existence  of  mul.ple  paths  of  development    

–  Non-­‐coordinated  &  coordinated  phases    

•  Possible  coexistence  of  mul.ple  stable  states  

–  Two  equal  food  sources  

Page 36: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Types  of  Interac.ons    For  Social  Insects  

•  Direct  Interac.ons  – Food/liquid  exchange,  visual  contact,  chemical  contact  (pheromones)    

•  Indirect  Interac.ons  (S.gmergy)  –  Individual  behavior  modifies  the  environment,  which  in  turn  modifies  the  behavior  of  other  individuals  

Page 37: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

S.gmergy  Example  

•  Pillar  construc.on  in  termites  

Page 38: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

S.gmergy      in    

 Ac.on  

Page 39: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Ants  ≡  Agents  

•  S.gmergy  can  be  opera.onal  – Coordina.on  by  indirect  interac.on  is  more  appealing  than  direct  communica.on    

– S.gmergy  reduces  (or  eliminates)  communica.ons  between  agents  

Page 40: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

From  Ants  to  Algorithms  

•  Swarm  intelligence  informa.on  allows  us  to  address  modeling  via:  – Problem  solving  – Algorithms  – Real  world  applica.ons  

Page 41: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Modeling  

•  Observe  Phenomenon  

•  Create  a    biologically  mo.vated  model  

•  Explore  model  without  constraints  

Page 42: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

A  Good  Model  has...  

•  Parsimony  (simplicity)      

•  Coherence    

•  Refutability    

•  Parameter  values  correspond  to  values  of  their  natural  counterparts  

Page 43: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Travelling  Salesperson  Problem  

Ini#alize    Loop  /*  at  this  level  each  loop  is  called  an  itera.on  */    Each  ant  is  posi#oned  on  a  star#ng  node      Loop  /*  at  this  level  each  loop  is  called  a  step  */      Each  ant  applies  a  state  transi#on  rule  to  incrementally        build  a  solu#on  and  a  local  pheromone  upda#ng  rule    Un.l  all  ants  have  built  a  complete  solu#on  

A  global  pheromone  upda#ng  rule  is  applied  Un.l  End_condi#on    M. Dorigo, L. M. Gambardella : Zp://iridia.ulb.ac.be/pub/mdorigo/journals/IJ.16-­‐

TEC97.US.pdf  Ant Colony System: A Cooperative Learning Approach to the Traveling Salesman

Problem

Page 44: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Traveling  Sales  Ants  

Page 45: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Robots  

•  Collec.ve  task  comple.on  •  No  need  for  overly  complex  algorithms  

•  Adaptable  to  changing  environment  

Page 46: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Communica.on  Networks  

•  Rou.ng  packets  to  des.na.on  in  shortest  .me    

•  Similar  to  Shortest  Route    

•  Sta.s.cs  kept  from  prior  rou.ng  (learning  from  experience)  

Page 47: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

•  Shortest  Route  

•  Conges.on  

•  Adaptability  

•  Flexibility  

Page 48: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

An.fying  Website  Searching  

•  Digital-­‐Informa.on  Pheromones  (DIPs)    

•  Ant  World  Server    

•  Transform  the  web  into  a  gigANTic  neural  net  

Page 49: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Closing  Arguments  

•  S.ll  very  theore.cal    

•  No  clear  boundaries    

•  Details  about  inner  workings  of  insect  swarms    

•  The  future…???  

Page 50: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

 Dumb  parts,  properly  connected  into  a  swarm,  yield  smart  results.    

       Kevin  Kelly  

Page 51: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

The  Future?  

Cleaning  Ship  Hu

lls  

Pest  Eradi

ca#on  

Job  Scheduling  

Page 52: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Nanobots?  

Page 53: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Ques#ons  ?  

Page 54: Ar#ficial) Intelligence)Fastchanging)world ) • Environmentvery)dynamic)and) cannotbe)framed)into)algorithms) • Social)insects)and)animals)are) – Efficient – Flexible)) Principles)of

Exercise  

•  Implement  flocking  …  


Recommended
Efficient Slide Attacks - ChainNews

Efficient Slide Attacks - ChainNews

Documents

ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient CNN ...openaccess.thecvf.com/...Light-weight_CNN_Architecture_ECCV_2018_paper.pdf · ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient

ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient CNN ...openaccess.thecvf.com/...Light-weight_CNN_Architecture_ECCV_2018_paper.pdf · ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient

Documents

Efficient Graph-Based Document Similarity · Efficient Graph-Based Document Similarity 337 3 Semantic Document Similarity Our main contribution is an approach for efficient assessment

Efficient Graph-Based Document Similarity · Efficient Graph-Based Document Similarity 337 3 Semantic Document Similarity Our main contribution is an approach for efficient assessment

Documents

Efficient Computation of Optimal Trading Strategies

Efficient Computation of Optimal Trading Strategies

Documents

Efficient Convex Optimization Approaches to Variational ...wims.math.ecnu.edu.cn/ChunLi/973_Seminar_20120320... · Efficient Convex Optimization Approaches to Variational Image Fusion

Efficient Convex Optimization Approaches to Variational ...wims.math.ecnu.edu.cn/ChunLi/973_Seminar_20120320... · Efficient Convex Optimization Approaches to Variational Image Fusion

Documents

Efficient Distribution Mining and Classification

Efficient Distribution Mining and Classification

Documents

Fuzzy Systems and Arti ficial Neural Network - chontech.ac.th fileFuzzy Systems and Arti ficial Neural Network - chontech.ac.th

Fuzzy Systems and Arti ficial Neural Network - chontech.ac.th fileFuzzy Systems and Arti ficial Neural Network - chontech.ac.th

Documents

Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization∗†michas/optsurvnew.pdf · Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization ... Combinatorial optimization deals with problems of

Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization∗†michas/optsurvnew.pdf · Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization ... Combinatorial optimization deals with problems of

Documents

CSE 473: Ar+ficial Intelligence - University of Washington · 2018-03-04 · CSE 473: Ar+ficial Intelligence Constraint Sasfac+on Problems Instructor: Luke Ze@lemoyer University

CSE 473: Ar+ficial Intelligence - University of Washington · 2018-03-04 · CSE 473: Ar+ficial Intelligence Constraint Sasfac+on Problems Instructor: Luke Ze@lemoyer University

Documents

Energy Efficient Wireless Communication using Distributed ...

Energy Efficient Wireless Communication using Distributed ...

Documents

Efficient Hardware/Software Architectures for …willmann/pubs/willmann_dissertation.pdfRICE UNIVERSITY Efficient Hardware/Software Architectures for Highly Concurrent Network Servers

Efficient Hardware/Software Architectures for …willmann/pubs/willmann_dissertation.pdfRICE UNIVERSITY Efficient Hardware/Software Architectures for Highly Concurrent Network Servers

Documents

Semiparametric Efficient Estimation of Partially Linear ...ftp.aefweb.net/AefArticles/aef060107.pdf · Semiparametric Efficient Estimation of Partially Linear Quantile Regression

Semiparametric Efficient Estimation of Partially Linear ...ftp.aefweb.net/AefArticles/aef060107.pdf · Semiparametric Efficient Estimation of Partially Linear Quantile Regression

Documents

Efficient Functionalization.pdf

Efficient Functionalization.pdf

Documents

Efficient exploration of faulty trees

Efficient exploration of faulty trees

Documents

Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization∗†michas/optsurvnew.pdf · Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization ... type problems and their efficient solution. We then

Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization∗†michas/optsurvnew.pdf · Efficient Algorithms for Geometric Optimization ... type problems and their efficient solution. We then

Documents

Computationally Efficient Offline Demand …web.mit.edu/osorioc/www/papers/phdThesisChaoZhang2018.pdfComputationally Efficient Offline Demand Calibration Algorithms for Large-scale

Computationally Efficient Offline Demand …web.mit.edu/osorioc/www/papers/phdThesisChaoZhang2018.pdfComputationally Efficient Offline Demand Calibration Algorithms for Large-scale

Documents

Regression Forests for Efficient Anatomy Detection and ... · PDF fileRegression Forests for Efficient Anatomy ... Regression Forests for Efficient Anatomy Detection 109 ... A coronal

Regression Forests for Efficient Anatomy Detection and ... · PDF fileRegression Forests for Efficient Anatomy ... Regression Forests for Efficient Anatomy Detection 109 ... A coronal

Documents

Ar#ficial)Intelligencebartak/ui/lectures/lecture09... · 2013. 12. 8. · Ar#ficial)Intelligence! Roman Barták Department of Theoretical Computer Science and Mathematical Logic

Ar#ficial)Intelligencebartak/ui/lectures/lecture09... · 2013. 12. 8. · Ar#ficial)Intelligence! Roman Barták Department of Theoretical Computer Science and Mathematical Logic

Documents