ARMY POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL ARMY POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES APPLIED LINGUISTICS IN ENGLISH PROGRAM APPLIED LINGUISTICS IN ENGLISH PROGRAM Author : Author : Kléber O. Sarmiento Chugcho Kléber O. Sarmiento Chugcho THEME: THEME: POOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE LISTENING SKILL AND POOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE LISTENING SKILL AND ITS INCIDENCE IN ENGLISH LEARNING PROCESS FOR ITS INCIDENCE IN ENGLISH LEARNING PROCESS FOR STUDENTS OF THE NINTH COURSES, VESPERTINE STUDENTS OF THE NINTH COURSES, VESPERTINE SECTION AT THE “JUAN MONTALVO” HIGH SCHOOL, SECTION AT THE “JUAN MONTALVO” HIGH SCHOOL, DURING 2007-2008. DURING 2007-2008.
Transcript
ARMY POLYTECHNIC SCHOOLARMY POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL
SCHOOL OF LANGUAGESSCHOOL OF LANGUAGES
APPLIED LINGUISTICS IN ENGLISH PROGRAMAPPLIED LINGUISTICS IN ENGLISH PROGRAM
Author : Author : Kléber O. Sarmiento ChugchoKléber O. Sarmiento Chugcho
THEME:THEME: POOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE LISTENING SKILL POOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE LISTENING SKILL
AND ITS INCIDENCE IN ENGLISH LEARNING AND ITS INCIDENCE IN ENGLISH LEARNING PROCESS FOR STUDENTS OF THE NINTH PROCESS FOR STUDENTS OF THE NINTH COURSES, VESPERTINE SECTION AT THE “JUAN COURSES, VESPERTINE SECTION AT THE “JUAN MONTALVO” HIGH SCHOOL, DURING 2007-2008.MONTALVO” HIGH SCHOOL, DURING 2007-2008.
RESEARCH PROBLEMRESEARCH PROBLEM
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
PROBLEM SETTING
PART I
VARIABLE WORKING
OUT
JUSTIFICATIONINTRODUCTION
Poor development of the Listening Skill
Main Problem
Secondary Problems
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
OBJECTIVES
General Objective
Specific Objectives
EffectCause
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Education process is interactive where teacher and student are connected at the same time.
To domain a foreign language it should be developed all of language skills together.
English language is used in all specialities around the world.
A foreign language such as English gives the possibility to have an access to different information sources.
By speaking English language people can know other realities and cultures.
Repetitive and traditional methods and techniques
Lack of laboratories and audiovisual material
Lack of teachers' training
Lack of motivation
Reduction of students' motivation and class participation
Limits teaching-learning process of English language
Reduction of students' desire to learn English
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
CAUSES EFFECTS
Restriction to develop the Listening Skill
VARIABLES VARIABLES WORKINGWORKING OUT OUT
Independent variableIndependent variable Listening Skill development on students of the ninth courses at the Listening Skill development on students of the ninth courses at the
“Juan Montalvo” high school, during 2007-2008.“Juan Montalvo” high school, during 2007-2008.
Dependent variableDependent variable English learning process on students of the ninth courses at the English learning process on students of the ninth courses at the
“Juan Montalvo” high school, during 2007-2008.“Juan Montalvo” high school, during 2007-2008.
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES GENERAL OBJECTIVEGENERAL OBJECTIVE
To determine the main causes that provoke poor development of theTo determine the main causes that provoke poor development of the Listening Skill and its incidence in English learning process for Listening Skill and its incidence in English learning process for students of the ninth courses.students of the ninth courses.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESSPECIFIC OBJECTIVES To establish methods and techniques used mostly by the teacher.To establish methods and techniques used mostly by the teacher.
To determine how the lack of laboratories and audiovisual material To determine how the lack of laboratories and audiovisual material reduce students' motivation and class participation.reduce students' motivation and class participation.
To establish the significant learning by implementing strategies To establish the significant learning by implementing strategies aimed to develop the Listening Skill.aimed to develop the Listening Skill.
JUSTIFICATIONJUSTIFICATION
ENGLISH LEARNERS HAVE TO OPTIMIZE THEIR LISTENING SKILL:
To discriminate alike phonemes in English language.
To be able to be exposed to conversations with native speakers or non-native speakers.
To have an integrated English -learning.
STRUCTUREINDEPENDENT VARIABLE: Listening Skill. The development of the Listening Comprehension.Strategies for Listening Comprehension.
•Lack of a laboratory of audiovisual•Bad teachers’pronunciation.•Teachers make use of structures have never been taught before.•Lack of interest about something that the teacher is saying.
STRATEGIES FOR LISTENING COMPREHENSION
•Looking for key words.•Looking for nonverbal clues to meaning.•Prediciting speaker’s purpose by the context of the spoken discourse.•Associating information with ones existing cognitive structure (activating background information).•Seeking clarification.•Listening for the general gist.
PEDAGOGICAL MODELS
•Traditional
•Activist of a new school
•Behaviorist
•Cognitive
•Contextual
•Pedagogical
METHODOLOGICAL TRENDSMETHODOLOGICAL TRENDS
TRADITIONAL METHODSTRADITIONAL METHODS
• The Grammar Translation The Grammar Translation Method Method
• The Audio- Lingual Method The Audio- Lingual Method
• Suggestopedia Suggestopedia
LATEST METHODSLATEST METHODS
•Cooperative Learning.Cooperative Learning.
•Communicative methodCommunicative method
CURRICULUMCURRICULUM
Needs analysisNeeds analysis
Goals and objectivesGoals and objectives
Language TestingLanguage Testing
Material developmentMaterial development
Language TeachingLanguage Teaching
Evaluation.Evaluation.
HYPOTHESISHYPOTHESIS
WORKING HYPOTHESIS
Poor development of the Listening Skill is affecting the English Poor development of the Listening Skill is affecting the English learning process .learning process .
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
Poor development of the Listening Skill provokes a passive learning Poor development of the Listening Skill provokes a passive learning on students . on students .
NULL HYPOTHESIS
Poor development of the Listening Skill is not affecting the English Poor development of the Listening Skill is not affecting the English
learning process.learning process.
METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGYRESEARCH TYPE
AND DESIGNPOPULATION AND
SAMPLE
Methodology forThe research
Modality of theresearch
VARIABLES WORKING OUT
Surveys
Field researchCauses and effects Sources to collect inf. through SurveysUsing questionnairesStudents from nine courses at the “Juan Montalvo” high school.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Do you understand when your teacher is giving instructions Do you understand when your teacher is giving instructions in English language to carry out activities in class?in English language to carry out activities in class?
ALTERNATIVES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGEMALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
STUDENTS’SURVEYSTUDENTS’SURVEYNº QUESTION Yes No Sometimes1 Do you feel motivated by your teacher during English
classes? 18 116 62 Do you think that your English teacher receives courses or
seminaries to improve his/her English? 18 114 83 Do you go to the English lab to receive classes? 0 140 04 Do methods and techniques employed by the teacher
help you to feel motivated during English classes? 15 121 45 Do you consider "active" the participation during English
classes? 9 126 56 Do you understand when your teacher is giving
instructions in English language to carry out activities in class? 13 122 5
7 Do you consider "appropriate" the methodology applied by the teacher to develop the Listening Skill? 13 118 9
8 Does your teacher employ relaxing techniques such as video, music, didactic games to motivate the Listening Skill development? 0 140 0
9 Does your teacher employ audiovisual material such as, slides-projector, pictures, CDs, tape recorder to develop the Listening Skill? 0 140 0
10 Do you consider "adequate" teacher`s performance to develop the Listening Skill? 16 117 7
TOTAL 102 1254 44AVERAGE 10,2 125,4 4,4
TEACHERS’SURVEYTEACHERS’SURVEYNº QUESTION Yes No Sometimes1 Do you motivate your students during English classes? 2 0 02 Do you receive courses or seminaries to improve your
English? 1 0 13 Do you take your students to the English lab to receive
classes? 0 2 04 Do you employ methods and techniques which really help
your students to feel motivated during English classes? 2 0 05 Is there an "active" class participation during English
classes? 2 0 06 Do you think that your students really understand when
you are giving instructions in English language to carry out activities in class? 1 0 1
7 Do you consider "appropriate" the methodology applied by yourself to develop the Listening Skill? 2 0 0
8 Do you employ relaxing techniques such as video, music, didactic games to motivate the Listening Skill development? 0 0 2
9 Do you employ audiovisual material such as, slides-projector, pictures, CDs, tape recorder to develop the Listening Skill? 0 0 2
10 Do you consider "adequate" your performance to develop the Listening Skill? 2 0 0
TOTAL 12 2 6AVERAGE 1,2 0,2 0,6
RESEARCHRESEARCH SUBJECTSSUBJECTS
OBSERVED FREQUENCIESOBSERVED FREQUENCIES
YESYES NONO SOMETIMESSOMETIMES TOTALTOTAL
STUDENTSSTUDENTS 10,2 125,4 4,4 140
TEACHERSTEACHERS 1,2 0,2 0,6 2
TOTALTOTAL 11,4 125,6 5 142
EXPECTED FREQUENCIESEXPECTED FREQUENCIES
YESYES NONO SOMETIMESSOMETIMES
11,24 123,83 4,93
0,16 1,77 0,07
E
EOx
22
CHI SQUARED FORMULACHI SQUARED FORMULA
CHI-SQUARED CALCULATION
O E O-E (O - E)2 (O - E)2 /E
10,2 11,24 -1,04 1,08 0,10
1,2 0,16 1,04 1,08 6,73
125,4 123,83 1,57 2,46 0,02
0,2 1,77 -1,57 2,46 1,39
4,4 4,93 -0,53 0,28 0,06
0,6 0,07 0,53 0,28 3,98
chi-square 12,28
CHI-SQUARE CALCULATION
THEORETICAL CHI -SQUAREDTHEORETICAL CHI -SQUAREDGL = (Row N0 -1) (column N0 -1)GL = (Row N0 -1) (column N0 -1)
With 2 grades of freedom and a level of Significance of 0, 01 With 2 grades of freedom and a level of Significance of 0, 01
correspond to a THEORETICAL CHI -SQUARED de 9,210 established correspond to a THEORETICAL CHI -SQUARED de 9,210 established in the statistical table of values of chi -squared.in the statistical table of values of chi -squared.
STATISTICAL DECISION FOR SPECIFIC HYPOTHESIS
ONCE CALCULATED CHI-SQUARED ONCE CALCULATED CHI-SQUARED (12.28)(12.28) higher than the higher than the THEORETICAL CHI-SQUARED THEORETICAL CHI-SQUARED (9,210)(9,210) the the Null Hypothesis Ho (Listening Skill is not affecting the English Laerning Process on students oh the ninth courses at the “Juan Montalvo” high school, during 2007-2008) is not accepted .
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
Lack of an English lab. Lack of an English lab.
Lack of audiovisual materials.Lack of audiovisual materials.
Lack of variability of methods and techniques.Lack of variability of methods and techniques.
RERECOMMENDATIONSCOMMENDATIONS
To build an equipped English lab with a person in charge of it.To build an equipped English lab with a person in charge of it.
To develop language skills with audiovisual materials; tape recorder, To develop language skills with audiovisual materials; tape recorder, slides-projector, CDs, pictures, movies, to keep students interested slides-projector, CDs, pictures, movies, to keep students interested and motivated.and motivated.
To vary methods and techniques to have a dynamic class participation To vary methods and techniques to have a dynamic class participation from students; application of Audio-Lingual and Communicative from students; application of Audio-Lingual and Communicative methods.methods.
PART V
PROPOSALPROPOSAL
PART VI
• A seminar for a week 3 hours daily about teaching methodologies.
• Students’checking chart.
ObjectivesObjectives
•To refresh teachers’knowledge about To refresh teachers’knowledge about teaching- methodologies.teaching- methodologies.
•To monitor students’progress by themselves.To monitor students’progress by themselves.
APLICATION OF AUDIO-LINGUAL APLICATION OF AUDIO-LINGUAL AND COMMUNICATIVE AND COMMUNICATIVE
