ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERSUses & Drawbacks

Farwa A. GhafoorUniversity of the Punjab, Pakistan

To Cover……Introduction.Classification of sweeteners.Artificial sweetenersUses of artificial sweeteners

In food industryIn pharmaceuticalsIn cosmetics etc.

AdvantagesDrawbacksReferences

Introduction

Food additive

Harmful Low calories

+Poor judgment =

Classification

SWEETENERS

NATURAL SWEETENERS

ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS

NUTRITIVE SWEETENERS(e.g. sugar alcohols)

NON-NUTRITIVE SWEETENERS(e.g.Aspartame etc)

Source: (Dills, 1989)

Artificial sweeteners

Synthetic compounds

High sweetness

Non-nutritive

ACESULFAME-K®ASPARTAME®CYCLAMATE®NEOTAME®SACCHARIN®SUCRALOSE®

Commercial name: sunett & Sweet OneMetabolism: excreted unchangedToxicity: Genotoxic

ACESULFAME-K®

ASPARTAME®Commercial name: EQUAL & NUTR-SWEETSMetabolism: no accumulationToxicity: highly carcinogen Migraines sudden decrease in platelet count &liver,spleen

enlargement

I’M SURROUNDED BY Artificial Sweeteners! IT’S EVERYWHERE!&IT’S SO TASTY!

breakfast cereal sugar free or diet yogurts

Snack bars

IN FOOD INDUSTRY

Popcorns Beverages

Milk

Candies & gums Frozen desserts

Fruit cocktail

MouthwashToothpastes

Drugs &syrups

Vitamins

Lip gloss

Lip Balm

IN PHARMACEUTICAL & COSMETICS

Advantages

• Weight management• Sugar control• Enhance taste• Prevent from tooth decay

SOURCE:journal of an AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOSIATION, 104, 255-275.

DRAWBACK…

• Gastrointestinal tract:• Brain Damages• Cancer• Obesity

Gastrointestinal tract

• Kill beneficial microflora.• Suppresses P-glycoprotein & CYP• Suppresses appetite• Disrupts gastric acid secretion.• Disrupts proteolytic activity

SOURCE: Journal of toxicology and Environmental Health, 1415-29.

Brain damages

• Negative effect on CNS• Mental dysfunction• Lack of concentration• Genetic disorder phenylketonuria

SOURCE:Hollenbeck, N. K. (1991). Sugars and sweeteners. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Cancer

• Highly carcinogenic• Leukemia• lymphomas cancer• Bladder cancer

SOURCE:European Journal of Oncology, 107-116.

Obesity

Can cause ObeSitY• Disrupts Innate behavior

SOURCE:calorie predictive relations in energy regulation by rats. Behavioral Neurocience

REFRENCES• Abou Donia, E. M.-R. (2008). Splenda alters gut microflora and increases intestinal p-

glycoprotein and cytochrome p-450 in male rats. Journal of toxicology and Enviornmental Health, 1415-29.

• Athanasios Labropoulos, S. A. (2012). HONEY. In A. L. Theodoros Varzakas, sweeteners:Nutritional Aspects, Applications, and Production Technology (pp. 122-123). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group,LLC.

• Dills, W. (1989, July). Sugar alcohols as bulk sweeteners. Annual Review of Nutrition, 6, 161-186. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nu.09.070189.001113

• G.H.Anderson. (1997, SEP). Sugars and health:A Review. nutrition research, 17(9), 1485-1498. doi: 10.1016/S0271-5317(97)00139-5

• Hollenbeck, N. K. (1991). Sugars and sweeteners. Boca Raton: CRC Press.• https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/keep-sugar-substitutes-away-from-dogs/

2015/03/05/531c98f6-c20d-11e4-9ec2-b418f57a4a99_story.html. (n.d.). Retrieved from The washington post.

• Layarda, S. (2009, OCT). http://www.healthcastle.com/artificial_sweetener_foods.shtml. Retrieved from http://www.healthcastle.com.

• use of nutritive and non nutritive sweeteners. (2004). journal of an AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOSIATION, 104, 255-275.

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