ASHRAE Standard 62 Ventilation Report Rep… · that the minimum levels of outdoor air entering the...

Daryl Summerson Mechanical Option Dr. Jelena Srebric Riggs Alumni Center College Park, MD October 6, 2004 Mechanical Technical Report 1

ASHRAE Standard 62 Ventilation Report

Daryl Summerson Mechanical Option

Riggs Alumni Center College Park, MD

Mechanical Technical Report 1 Dr. Jelena Srebric October 6, 2004

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Table of Contents

I Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

II Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

III Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

IV Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

V Sample Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

VI Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

VII Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

VIII Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

IX Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3

Executive Summary

9 of 10 Air-Handling Units (AHUs), in the Riggs Alumni Center of College Park,

MD, pass the ASHRAE Standard 62-2001 Addendum n requirements. The results show

that the minimum levels of outdoor air entering the AHUs are reduced for all but AHU-2.

For AHU-2, the new outdoor air requirement is less than a 3% increase over the current

unit’s minimum. However as a whole the building reduces its outdoor air requirements

by over 13%.

AHUs 1-4, serving the administration half of the building, utilize an under-floor,

low-velocity air distribution system. This system sets the ventilation effectiveness, Ez,

equal to 1.2 and lowers the minimum outdoor air levels. AHU’s 5-8, serving the Alumni

Hall and main entrance, use a ceiling supply of cool air: Ez = 1.0. AHU’s 9&10, serving

the Hall of Fame & Maryland Room, are designed with supply diffusers on the opposite

side of the room from the return registers. This reduces the effectiveness to Ez = 0.8,

increasing the minimum outdoor air levels.

The results show that even though a greater Ez means less outdoor air required the

system does not always reduce its outdoor air when compared to the former version of

Standard 62. For this case the increase is due to either the new method of finding a

critical space and its affects on the system or just a difference in defining zone areas and

occupancies. Applying Addendum n to a building generally will reduce the outdoor air

requirements and will ultimately save energy and reduce first cost.

4

Assumptions

Short-Term Conditions:

AHU-3, Zone 27: Employee Lounge: T = 133min

AHU-5, Zone 1: Alumni Hall: T = 256min = 4hr 16min

AHU-6, Zone 1: Alumni Hall: T = 188min = 3hr 8 min

AHU-7, Zone 1: Alumni Hall: T = 206min = 3hr 26min

AHU-9, Zone 1: Hall of Fame: T = 265min = 4hr 25min

Neglect the effect of Stairwells, Elevators, and Restrooms

Sample Calculations

Example Calculation for a System with a Critical Zp < 0.55, Analyzing the Critical

Zone: AHU-1, Zone 21

Floor Area (ft^2): Az = 366.5

Zone Population (people): Pz = 19

Space Type: Conference/Meeting Room

• People Outdoor Air Rate (cfm/person): Rp = 5

• Area Outdoor Air Rate (cfm/ft^2): Ra = 0.06

Pz*Rp (cfm): Pz*Rp = 19*5 = 95

Az*Ra (cfm): Az*Ra = 366.5*0.06 = 21.99

Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness: Ez = 1.2

Corrected Outdoor Airflow to the Zone (cfm): Voz = (Pz*Rp+Az*Ra)/Ez

Voz = (95+21.99)/1.2 = 97

Primary Airflow to the Zone from AHU-1 (cfm): Vpz = 300

5

Minimum Primary Airflow to the Zone (cfm): Vpzm = 200

Primary Outdoor Air Fraction : Zp = Voz/Vpzm

Zp = 97/200 = 0.49

System Population (people): Ps = 128

Total Zone Populations (people): ΣPz = 128

Occupant Diversity Ratio: D = Ps/ ΣPz

D = 128/128 = 1.0

ΣPz*Rp (cfm): ΣPz*Rp = 640

ΣAz*Ra (cfm): ΣAz*Ra = 715

Uncorrected Outdoor Air Intake (cfm): Vou = D*ΣPz*Rp+ΣAz*Ra

Vou = 1.0*640+715 = 1355

Total System Primary Flow to all Zones: Vps = ΣVpz = 11500

Mixing Ratio at AHU-5: Xs = Vou/Vps

Xs = 1355/11500 = 0.12

Max Zp: Max Zp = 0.49

• System Ventilation Efficiency: Ev = 0.60

Minimum Outdoor Air Intake (cfm): Vot = Vou/Ev

Vot = 1355/0.60 = 2259

Percent Outdoor Air Intake: % = Vot / ΣVpz*100%

% = 2259 / 11500*100% = 20%

Example Calculation for a Zone with Short-Term Conditions: AHU-5, Zone 1

Floor Area (ft^2): Az = 4744

6


Height (ft): h = 28

Volume (ft^3): v = Az*h

v = 4744*28 = 132832

Space Type: Mulit-Use Assembly

• People Outdoor Air Rate (cfm/person): Rp = 7.5


Pz*Rp (cfm): Pz*Rp = 170*7.5 = 1275

Az*Ra (cfm): Az*Ra = 4744*0.06 = 284.64

Breathing Zone Outdoor Airflow (cfm): Vbz = Pz*Rp+Az*Ra

Vbz = 1275+284.64 = 1560

Averaging Time Period (min): T = 3*v/Vbz

T = 3*132832/1560 = 255.4 > 200

Approximation of the Length of Time the Room will be Fully Occupied (min):

t = 200

T > t: New Zone Population (people): nPz = Pz/2 = 170/2 = 85

nPz*Rp (cfm): nPz*Rp = 85*7.5 = 637.5


Corrected Outdoor Airflow to the Zone (cfm): Voz = (nPz*Rp+Az*Ra)/Ez

Voz = (637.5+284.64)/1.0 = 922

Primary Airflow to the Zone from AHU-1 (cfm): Vpz = 5200

Minimum Primary Airflow to the Zone (cfm): Vpzm = 2550

Primary Outdoor Air Fraction : Zd = Voz/Vpzm

7

Zp = 922/2550 = 0.36

System Population (people): Ps = 85

Total Zone Populations (people): ΣPz = 85

Occupant Diversity Ratio: D = Ps/ ΣPz

D = 85/85 = 1.0

ΣPz*Rp (cfm): ΣPz*Rp = 637.5

ΣAz*Ra (cfm): ΣAz*Ra = 284.64

Uncorrected Outdoor Air Intake (cfm): Vou = D*ΣPz*Rp+ΣAz*Ra

Vou = 1.0*637.5+284.64 = 922

Total System Primary Flow to all Zones (cfm): Vps = ΣVpz = 5200

Mixing Ratio at AHU-5: Xs = Vou/Vps

Xs = 922/5200 = 0.18

Max Zp: Max Zp = 0.36

• System Ventilation Efficiency: Ev = 0.70

Minimum Outdoor Air Intake (cfm): Vot = Vou/Ev

Vot = 922/0.70 = 1317


% = 1317 / 5200*100% = 25%

Example Calculation for a 100% Outdoor Air System, Analyzing the Critical Zone:

AHU-8, Zone 2

Floor Area (ft^2): Az = 1757


Space Type: Main Entry Lobbies

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• People Outdoor Air Rate (cfm/person): Rp = 5


Pz*Rp (cfm): Pz*Rp = 0*5 = 0

Az*Ra (cfm): Az*Ra = 1757*0.06 = 105


Corrected Outdoor Airflow to the Zone (cfm): Voz = (Pz*Rp+Az*Ra)/Ez

Voz = (0+105)/1.0 = 105

Total Corrected Outdoor Airflows to Zones (cfm): ΣVoz = 174

Minimum Outdoor Air Intake (cfm): Vot = ΣVoz = 174

Total System Primary Flow to all Zones (cfm): Vps = ΣVpz = 1810


% = 174 / 1810*100% = 9%

Analysis

AHU-1 serves the West end of the administration half of the building, referred to as the

Admin Building. The variable air volume (VAV) unit distributes air by means of an

under-floor plenum, low-velocity displacement system with a ceiling return plenum.

This system lets us assume a ventilation effectiveness, Ez, equal to 1.2. The air terminal

units (ATUs) also are VAV units. Some of the ATU’s along the perimeter are also

ducted to several reheat boxes in the under-floor air plenum. The system distributes air

to mainly offices and a few conference rooms. Zone 21, the critical space for this unit, is

shown in APPENDIX A and detailed in APPENDIX D. This zone was chosen as one of

the sample calculations. The zone is critical because it both has a high occupancy density

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and a small minimum air supply, resulting in a primary outdoor air factor, Zp, of 0.49.

This sets the system’s ventilation efficiency, Ev, to 0.6. APPENDIX B shows that there

is a 100% increase between the sum of zone outdoor air requirements, ΣVoz, and the

corresponding total outdoor air, Vot. Having such a high Zp creates the drastic increase

in outdoor air required. The end results of the report are displayed on APPENDIX C.

This compares the original design of the system to the outdoor air requirements of

ASHRAE Standard 62-2001, Addendum n. The original system specified 2560 cfm as

their minimum outdoor air, ASHRAE found the minimum to be 2259 cfm, or 2.7% less

outdoor air. The system is compliant with the new code.

AHU-2 serves the MidWest part of the Admin Building. AHU-2’s system has the same

properties as AHU-1’s system. Zone 19, the critical space for this unit, is shown in

APPENDIX A and detailed in APPENDIX D. The zone is critical because it both has a

large area and a small minimum air supply, resulting in a primary outdoor air factor, Zp,

of 0.55. This sets the Ev = 0.6. APPENDIX B shows that there is again a 100% increase

between the ΣVoz and the Vot. The end results of APPENDIX C show that the original

system specified 1080 cfm as their minimum outdoor air, ASHRAE found the minimum

to be 1211 cfm, or 2.4% more outdoor air. The system is not compliant with the new

code. This failure to meet the code could result from either the new method of finding a

critical space and its affects on the system or just a difference in defining zone areas and

occupancies.

AHU-3 serves the MidEast part of the Admin Building. AHU-3’s system has the same

properties as AHU-1&2’s systems. Zone 27, an employee’s lounge, met the short-term

conditions specified under ASHRAE 6.2.5.2, cutting its expected maximum occupancy in

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half for the calculations. An example of these calculations is shown in the sample

calculations. Zone 10, the critical space for this unit, is shown in APPENDIX A and

detailed in APPENDIX D. The zone is critical because it has a larger area, multiple

office occupants, and a small minimum air supply with Zp = 0.29 and Ev = 0.8.

APPENDIX B shows that there is only 50% increase between the ΣVoz and the Vot. This

tells us that although zone 10 is critical it is not that far from the average Zp.

APPENDIX C shows that the original system specified 2140 cfm as their minimum

outdoor air, ASHRAE found the minimum to be 1754 cfm, or 3.4% less outdoor air. The

system is compliant with the new code.

AHU-4 serves the East end of the Admin Building. AHU-4’s system has the same

properties as AHU-1,2,&3’s systems. Zone 4, the critical space for this unit, is shown in

APPENDIX A and detailed in APPENDIX D. The zone is critical because it has a larger

area with only a small minimum air supply with Zp = 0.43 and Ev = 0.7. APPENDIX B

shows that there is a 71% increase between the ΣVoz and the Vot. APPENDIX C shows

that the original system specified 3060 cfm as their minimum outdoor air, ASHRAE

found the minimum to be 1729 cfm, or 14.7% less outdoor air. The system is compliant

with the new code.

AHU-5 serves the North end of the Alumni Hall half of the building, referred to as the

Alumni Hall. The variable air volume (VAV) unit distributes air by means of overhead

diffusers. This system lets us assume a ventilation effectiveness, Ez, equal to 1.0. The

system distributes air mainly to a third of the Alumni Hall and also to the catering pantry

and service corridor. There is only one zone, so it is the critical space for this unit, shown

in APPENDIX A and detailed in APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.36 and Ev = 0.7. The zone

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also met the short-term conditions specified under ASHRAE 6.2.5.2, cutting its expected

maximum occupancy in half for the calculations. This is shown as one of the sample

calculations. APPENDIX B shows that there is a 43% increase between the sum of zone

outdoor air requirements, ΣVoz, and the corresponding total outdoor air, Vot.

APPENDIX C compares the original design of 2250 cfm minimum outdoor air, to the

ASHRAE minimum of 1317 cfm, or 18% less outdoor air. The system is compliant with

the new code.

AHU-6 serves the middle of the Alumni Hall. AHU-6’s system has the same properties

as AHU-5’s system. The system distributes air to a third of the Alumni Hall. There is

only one zone, so it is the critical space for this unit, shown in APPENDIX A and

detailed in APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.33 and Ev = 0.8. The zone also met the short-term

conditions specified under ASHRAE 6.2.5.2. APPENDIX B shows that there is a 25%

increase between the ΣVoz and the Vot. APPENDIX C compares the original design of

2250 cfm minimum outdoor air, to the ASHRAE minimum of 1044 cfm, or 26% less

outdoor air. The system is compliant with the new code. This is also a significant drop

in the outdoor air requirements that would save both on first cost and energy consumption

if this standard had been applied to the system. The same can be said for similar

reductions like in AHU’s 4 &5.

AHU-7 serves the South End of the Alumni Hall. AHU-7’s system has the same

properties as AHU-5&6’s systems. The system distributes air to a third of the Alumni

Hall. There is only one zone, so it is the critical space for this unit, shown in APPENDIX

A and detailed in APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.34 and Ev = 0.8. The zone also met the

short-term conditions specified under ASHRAE 6.2.5.2. APPENDIX B shows that there

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is a 25% increase between the ΣVoz and the Vot. APPENDIX C compares the original

design of 2250 cfm minimum outdoor air, to the ASHRAE minimum of 1071 cfm, or

25% less outdoor air. The system is compliant with the new code. This is unit is really

almost identical to AHU-6.

AHU-8 serves the main entrance lobby, connecting the Alumni Hall to the Admin

Building. The constant volume(CV), 100% outdoor air unit distributes air by means of

overhead diffusers. This system lets us assume an Ez = 1.0. There critical zone is Zone

2, shown in APPENDIX A and detailed in APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.12 and Ev = 0.9.

This zone was also a sample calculation for 100% outdoor air systems. APPENDIX B

shows that there is a 0% change between the ΣVoz, and the Vot, resulting from the

incredibly low Zp. APPENDIX C compares the original design of 1810 cfm minimum

outdoor air, to the ASHRAE minimum of 174 cfm, or 90% less outdoor air. The system

is compliant with the new code. This unit has the potential to save a lot of energy if it

would no longer be a 100% outdoor air unit.

AHU-9 serves the Hall of Fame, a lounge area. The variable air volume (VAV) unit

distributes air by means of overhead diffusers placed at the opposite side of the room

form the return registers. This system lets us assume Ez = 0.8. There is only one zone,

so it is the critical space for this unit, shown in APPENDIX A and detailed in

APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.32 and Ev = 0.8. APPENDIX B shows that there is again a

0% change between the ΣVoz and the Vot. APPENDIX C compares the original design

of 750 cfm minimum outdoor air, to the ASHRAE minimum of 240 cfm, or 14% less

outdoor air. The system is compliant with the new code.

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AHU-10 serves the Maryland Room, a bar or cocktail lounge. The variable air volume

(VAV) unit distributes air by means of overhead diffusers placed opposite of a return

register. This system lets us assume a ventilation effectiveness, Ez, equal to 0.8. There is

only one zone, so it is the critical space for this unit, shown in APPENDIX A and

detailed in APPENDIX D with Zp = 0.47 and Ev = 0.6. APPENDIX B shows that there

is a 32% increase between the ΣVoz, and the Vot. APPENDIX C compares the original

design of 1235 cfm minimum outdoor air, to the ASHRAE minimum of 774 cfm, or 27%

less outdoor air. The system is compliant with the new code.

TOTAL BUILDING

APPENDIX B shows that there is a 54% increase between the sum of the AHUs’ ΣVoz’s,

and the Vot’s. This means that there is a large amount of outdoor air being unnecessarily

drawn into the building. However when you compare the results to the original design

there is a reduction of total outdoor air required anyway. APPENDIX C compares the

sum of the original minimum design of 19385 cfm , to the sum of the ASHRAE

minimums 11573 cfm, or 13.3% less outdoor air. The building would be overall

compliant with the new code. However as previously mentioned AHU-2 does not meet

the standard. I believe that in practice this would not be too much of a concern since it is

so close to being acceptable and since the unit actually shares plenum space with the

AHU’s 1,3,&4 which all were at or below the original design.

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Discussion

The Ventilation Rate Procedure (VRP) and the Indoor Air Quality Procedure

(IAQP) both are ASHRAE Standard 62 methods of eliminating building contaminants by

ventilation. The VRP identifies people and area as separate contaminant sources

categorized by the space type of their zone. Each contaminant has a set limit. For each

part, people and area, a corresponding design parameter is assigned. These parameters

are added to provide an adequate diffusion the contaminants.

The IAQP identifies all contaminant sources individually and gives them a concentration

and generation rate. It allows the designer to choose which contaminants are limited and

at what level they are limited. Verses in the VRP, limited contaminants and those limits

are predetermined. The IAQP also has a more thorough verification method, generally

involving previous designs or continuous monitoring. In contrast, once the VRP has been

designed it operates in compliance so long as adequate commissioning was done.

Another option is the combination of these two procedures. Sometimes a designer will

choose to design a system with VRP to get acceptable ventilation and then apply the

IAQP to further limit a particular contaminant. The industry tends to lean towards the

VRP method because of its relative simplicity and the less extensive commissioning

process.

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Appendices

APPENDIX A – Space Characteristics, Outdoor Air Required, and Zp Values

AHU-1 Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp

Zone1 990.5 Office Space 6 75 0.17 Zone2 359 Office Space 2 26 0.15 Zone3 18725 Office Space 1 14 0.15 Zone4 194.5 Office Space 1 14 0.08 Zone5 328 Office Space 2 25 0.14 Zone6 295 Office Space 2 23 0.13 Zone7 310.5 Office Space 2 24 0.13 Zone8 1642 Office Space 15 145 0.13 Zone9 338.5 Office Space 2 25 0.14

Zone10 206.5 Office Space 1 14 0.16 Zone11 197.5 Office Space 1 14 0.07 Zone12 316 Office Space 2 24 0.13 Zone13 960.5 Office Space 6 73 0.12 Zone14 362 Office Space 2 26 0.15 Zone15 179 Office Space 1 13 0.15 Zone16 250 Office Space 1 17 0.11 Zone17 276.5 Office Space 2 22 0.12 Zone18 354.5 Office Space 2 26 0.14 Zone19 336.5 Office Space 2 25 0.19 Zone20 2383.5 Corridors 0 119 0.12 Zone21 366.5 Conference/Meeting 19 97 0.49 Max Zp Zone22 733 Conference/Meeting 37 191 0.19 Zone23 352 Conference/Meeting 19 97 0.32

AHU-2

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 181.5 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone2 177 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone3 549.5 Office Space 4 44 0.15 Zone4 246.5 Conference/Meeting 8 46 0.46 Zone5 346 Office Space 1 21 0.11 Zone6 293 Office Space 2 23 0.11 Zone7 180.5 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone8 180.5 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone9 693 Office Space 4 51 0.17

Zone10 162.5 Storage Room 0 16 0.16 Zone11 441.5 Office Space 2 30 0.10 Zone12 135.5 Office Space 1 11 0.11 Zone13 181 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone14 176 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone15 467 Office Space 6 48 0.21 Zone16 168 Office Space 1 13 0.13 Zone17 415 Office Space 2 29 0.19 Zone18 387.5 Corridors 0 19 0.10 Zone19 546.5 Corridors 0 27 0.55Max Zp

16

AHU-2 Continued Zone20 179 Storage Room 0 18 0.18 Zone21 492 Conference/Meeting 25 129 0.26

AHU-3

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 228 Corridors 0 11 0.05 Zone2 229.5 Corridors 0 11 0.05 Zone3 163 Office Space 1 12 0.12 Zone4 336 Office Space 2 25 0.11 Zone5 340.5 Office Space 2 25 0.12 Zone6 299 Office Space 1 19 0.09 Zone7 154 Office Space 1 12 0.12 Zone8 166 Office Space 1 12 0.12 Zone9 167 Office Space 1 13 0.13

Zone10 601 Office Space 6 55 0.29Max Zp Zone11 318 Corridors 0 16 0.04 Zone12 311 Corridors 0 16 0.04 Zone13 125.5 Office Space 1 10 0.10 Zone14 309 Office Space 2 24 0.11 Zone15 344 Office Space 2 26 0.12 Zone16 308 Office Space 2 24 0.11 Zone17 119.5 Office Space 1 10 0.10 Zone18 896.5 Office Space 13 99 0.16 Zone19 390 Corridors 0 20 0.04 Zone20 497 Office Space 3 37 0.12 Zone21 357 Office Space 2 26 0.12 Zone22 341 Office Space 2 25 0.12 Zone23 152.5 Office Space 1 12 0.12 Zone24 978 Office Space 9 86 0.16 Zone25 1727 Storage Room 0 173 0.24 Zone26 531 Storage Room 0 53 0.19 Zone27 607 Library 10 82 0.10 Zone28 303 Conference/Meeting 15 78 0.14 Zone29 642 Conference/Meeting 30 157 0.26

AHU-4

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz

(cfm) Zp Zone1 191 Office Space 1 14 0.23 Zone2 346 Office Space 2 26 0.21 Zone3 183 Office Space 1 13 0.22 Zone4 818 Office Space 4 58 0.43 Max Zp Zone5 272 Conference/Meeting 14 72 0.26 Zone6 443 Conference/Meeting 16 89 0.30 Zone7 163.5 Office Space 2 17 0.28 Zone8 202 Office Space 1 14 0.24 Zone9 303 Office Space 2 23 0.08

Zone10 286 Conference/Meeting 15 77 0.26 Zone11 305 Conference/Meeting 15 78 0.14

17

AHU-4 Continued

Zone12 392 Corridors 0 20 0.16 Zone13 408 Office Space 3 33 0.27 Zone14 180 Office Space 1 13 0.22 Zone15 333 Office Space 2 25 0.13 Zone16 682 Office Space 7 63 0.21 Zone17 307 Conference/Meeting 15 78 0.26 Zone18 282.5 Conference/Meeting 15 85 0.28 Zone19 305 Conference/Meeting 15 90 0.16 Zone20 363 Corridors 0 18 0.24 Zone21 293 Office Space 1 18 0.15 Zone22 185 Office Space 1 14 0.23 Zone23 1209 Office Space 3 58 0.08 Zone24 243 Storage Room 0 15 0.25

AHU-5

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 4744 Multi-use Assembly 170 922 0.36 Max Zp

AHU-6


AHU-7


AHU-8

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 1146 Main Entry Lobby 0 69 0.07 Zone2 1757 Main Entry Lobby 0 105 0.12 Max Zp

AHU-9

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 2330 Lobbies/Prefunction 13 240 0.32 Max Zp

AHU-10

Area(ft^2) Use Design Occupancy Voz (cfm) Zp Zone1 914 Bars, Cocktail Lounges 40 581 0.47 Max Zp

18

APPENDIX B – Comparison of ΣVoz and Vot for Each AHU

ΣVoz (cfm)

Vot (cfm)

% = Vot/ΣVoz

AHU-1 1129 2259 100.1AHU-2 605 1211 100.2AHU-3 1169 1754 50.0AHU-4 1009 1729 71.4AHU-5 922 1317 42.8AHU-6 836 1044 24.9AHU-7 857 1071 25.0AHU-8 174 174 0.0AHU-9 240 240 0.0AHU-10 581 774 33.2

Total 7522 11573 53.9

APPENDIX C – Comparison of Original Design Parameters and New Requirements

Original Design New Requirements Max SA Min OA Min OA/Max SA (%) Vot Vot/Max SA (%) %-change AHU-1 11220 2560 22.8 2259 20.1 -2.7 AHU-2 5450 1080 19.8 1211 22.2 2.4 Does Not ComplyAHU-3 11220 2140 19.1 1754 15.6 -3.4 AHU-4 9075 3060 33.7 1729 19.1 -14.7 AHU-5 5200 2250 43.3 1317 25.3 -17.9 AHU-6 4670 2250 48.2 1044 22.4 -25.8 AHU-7 4670 2250 48.2 1071 22.9 -25.2 AHU-8 1810 1810 100.0 174 9.6 -90.4 AHU-9 3600 750 20.8 240 6.7 -14.2

AHU-10 1700 1235 72.6 774 45.5 -27.1 Total 58615 19385 33.1 11573 19.7 -13.3

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APPENDIX D –ASHRAE Standard 62-2001 Addendum n Spreadsheets: 62n-

VRP.xls for Calculating Vot

AHU-1 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Space type (select from pull-down list) Office

space Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Az Floor area of zone, ft2 990.5 359 187.5 194.5 328 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to

occupy zone 6 2 1 1 2

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 5 5 5 5 5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 Pz*Rp 30 10 5 5 10 Az*Ra 59.43 21.54 11.25 11.67 19.68 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air

distribution effectiveness, (Pz*Rp + Az*Ra)/Ez, cfm 75 26 14 14 25

Vpz Primary airflow to zone from air handler. In VAV systems, use the design value. Cfm

700 460 260 240 370

Vpzm The minimum value of the primary airflow to zone from air handler. In CAV systems, Vpzm = Vpz. Cfm

450 180 90 180 180

Zp Primary outdoor air fraction, Voz/Vpzm 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.08 0.14

Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Zone 14 Zone 15 Office space Office space Office

space Office space

Office space Office space Office space Office space Office spaceOffice space

Az 295 310.5 1642 338.5 206.5 197.5 316 960.5 362 179Pz

2 2 15 2 1 1 2 6 2 1

Rp 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5Ra 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06Pz*Rp 10 10 75 10 5 5 10 30 10 5Az*Ra 17.7 18.63 98.52 20.31 12.39 11.85 18.96 57.63 21.72 10.74Ez 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz 23 24 145 25 14 14 24 73 26 13

Vpz 580 330 1300 460 280 210 370 650 440 250

Vpzm 180 180 1150 180 90 200 180 610 180 90

Zp 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.07 0.13 0.12 0.15 0.15

20

Zone 16 Zone 17 Zone 18 Zone 19 Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22 Zone 23 Office space Office space Office space Office space Corridors Conference /

meeting Conference / meeting

Conference / meeting

Az 250 276.5 354.5 336.5 2383.5 366.5 733 352Pz

1 2 2 2 0 19 37 19

Rp 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 5Ra 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06Pz*Rp 5 10 10 10 0 95 185 95Az*Ra 15 16.59 21.27 20.19 143.01 21.99 43.98 21.12Ez 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz 17 22 26 25 119 97 191 97

Vpz 210 330 300 430 1080 300 1500 450

Vpzm 150 180 180 135 995 200 1000 300

Zp 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.19 0.12 0.49 0.19 0.32

SYSTEM LEVEL Ps System population, maximum simultaneous # of

occupants of space served by system 128

D Occupant diversity, ratio of system peak occupancy to

sum of space peak occupancies, = Ps/ΣPz 1.00

Vou Uncorrected outdoor air intake, = D*ΣRp*Pz +ΣRa*Az,

cfm 1355

Xs Mixing ratio at primary air handler of uncorrected

outdoor air intake to system primary flow, = Vou/Vps 0.24 Not used in calculation

SYSTEM EFFICIENCY Max Zp Max Zp 0.49 Ev System ventilation efficiency, Table 6.3 based on

maxZp 0.60

Percent outdoor air intake Vot Minimum outdoor air intake, Vou/Ev, cfm 2259 20% = Vot/Sum of Vpz

21


space Office space

Office space


Office space

Az Floor area of zone, ft2 181.5 177 549.5 246.5 346 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to




Vpz Primary airflow to zone from air handler. In VAV systems, use the design value. cfm

215 255 420 290 245

Vpzm The minimum value of the primary airflow to zone from air handler. In CAV systems, Vpzm = Vpz. cfm

100 100 300 100 200


Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Zone 14 Zone 15 Office

space Office space

Office space

Office space

Storage rooms

Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Az 293 180.5 180.5 693 162.5 441.5 135.5 181 176 467 Pz

2 1 1 4 0 2 1 1 1 6

Rp 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 Ra 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 Pz*Rp 10 5 5 20 0 10 5 5 5 30 Az*Ra 17.58 10.83 10.83 41.58 19.5 26.49 8.13 10.86 10.56 28.02 Ez 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz 23 13 13 51 16 30 11 13 13 48

Vpz 240 210 250 300 100 570 150 220 260 235

Vpzm 200 100 100 300 100 300 100 100 100 230

Zp 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.16 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.21

22

Zone 16 Zone 17 Zone 18 Zone 19 Zone 20 Zone 21 Az Office

space Office space

Corridors Corridors Storage rooms


Pz 168 415 387.5 546.5 179 492 Rp

1 2 0 0 0 25

Ra 5 5 0 0 0 5 Pz*Rp 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.06 Az*Ra 5 10 0 0 0 125 Ez 10.08 24.9 23.25 32.79 21.48 29.52 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz Vpz 13 29 19 27 18 129

Vpzm 140 275 200 100 145 770

Zp 100 150 200 50 100 500

0.13 0.19 0.10 0.55 0.18 0.26






cfm 726




maxZp 0.60


23

AHU-3 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Space type (select from pull-down list) Corridors Corridors Office

space Office space

Office space

Az Floor area of zone, ft2 228 229.5 163 336 340.5 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to





420 420 100 360 280


240 240 100 220 220


Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Zone 14 Zone 15

Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Corridors Corridors Office space

Office space

Office space

Az 299 154 166 167 601 318 311 125.5 309 344 Pz

1 1 1 1 6 0 0 1 2 2


Vpz 290 100 100 100 270 510 510 100 360 280

Vpzm 210 100 100 100 190 410 390 100 220 220

Zp 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.29 0.04 0.04 0.10 0.11 0.12

24

Zone 16 Zone 17 Zone 18 Zone 19 Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22 Zone 23 Zone 24 Zone 25

Office space

Office space

Office space

Corridors Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Office space

Storage rooms

Az 308 119.5 896.5 390 497 357 341 152.5 978 1727 Pz

2 1 13 0 3 2 2 1 9 0


Vpz 340 100 750 570 460 280 350 100 720 820

Vpzm 220 100 610 440 320 220 220 100 550 730

Zp 0.11 0.10 0.16 0.04 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.16 0.24

Zone 26 Zone 27 Zone 28 Zone 29 Storage

rooms Libraries Conference /


Az 531 607 303 642 Pz

0 5 15 30

Rp 0 5 5 5 Ra 0.12 0.12 0.06 0.06 Pz*Rp 0 25 75 150 Az*Ra 63.72 72.84 18.18 38.52 Ez 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz 53 82 78 157

Vpz 280 810 560 780

Vpzm 280 780 560 600

Zp 0.19 0.10 0.14 0.26

25






cfm 1403




maxZp 0.80


26


space Office space

Office space

Office space


Az Floor area of zone, ft2 191 346 183 818 272 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to





260 440 260 450 420


60 120 60 135 280


Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Zone 14 Zone 15 Conference

/ meeting Office space

Office space

Office space




Office space

Office space

Az 443 163.5 202 303 286 305 392 408 180 333 Pz

16 2 1 2 15 15 0 3 1 2


Vpz 560 260 245 450 450 570 125 375 210 295

Vpzm 300 60 60 300 300 570 125 120 60 190

Zp 0.30 0.28 0.24 0.08 0.26 0.14 0.16 0.27 0.22 0.13

27

Zone 16 Zone 17 Zone 18 Zone 19 Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22 Zone 23 Zone 24 Office space Conference /




Office space

Office space

Storage rooms

Az 682 307 450 550 363 270 190 900 150 Pz

7 15 15 15 0 1 1 3 0

Rp 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 0 Ra 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.12 Pz*Rp 35 75 75 75 0 5 5 15 0 Az*Ra 40.92 18.42 27 33 21.78 16.2 11.4 54 18 Ez 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Voz 63 78 85 90 18 18 14 58 15

Vpz 725 450 450 550 120 270 190 900 150

Vpzm 300 300 300 550 75 120 60 765 60

Zp 0.21 0.26 0.28 0.16 0.24 0.15 0.23 0.08 0.25






cfm 1210




maxZp 0.70


28

AHU-5 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Space type (select from pull-down list) Multi-use

Assembly

Az Floor area of zone, ft2 4744 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to

occupy zone 85

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 7.5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 Pz*Rp 637.5 Az*Ra 284.64 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 1 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air

distribution effectiveness, (Pz*Rp + Az*Ra)/Ez, cfm 922


5200


2550

Zp Primary outdoor air fraction, Voz/Vpzm 0.36






cfm 922




maxZp 0.70


29


Assembly


occupy zone 85

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 7.5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 Pz*Rp 637.5 Az*Ra 198 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 1 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air



4670


2550







cfm 836




maxZp 0.80


30


Assembly


occupy zone 85

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 7.5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 Pz*Rp 637.5 Az*Ra 219.36 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 1 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air



4670


2550







cfm 857




maxZp 0.80


31

AHU-8 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Zone 2 Space type (select from pull-down list) Main entry

lobbies Main entry lobbies

Az Floor area of zone, ft2 1149 1757 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to

occupy zone 0 0

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 5 5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 0.06 Pz*Rp 0 0 Az*Ra 68.94 105.42 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 1 1 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air

distribution effectiveness, (Pz*Rp + Az*Ra)/Ez, cfm 69 105 174


945 905


945 905

Zp Primary outdoor air fraction, Voz/Vpzm 0.07 0.12






cfm 174




maxZp 0.90


32

AHU-9 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Space type (select from pull-down list) Lobbies/prefunction Az Floor area of zone, ft2 2330 Pz Zone population, largest # of people expected to

occupy zone 7

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 7.5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.06 Pz*Rp 52.5 Az*Ra 139.8 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 0.8 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air



3600


750







cfm 192




maxZp 0.80


33

AHU-10 ZONE LEVEL Zones served by system Zone 1 Space type (select from pull-down list) Bars, cocktail

lounges


occupy zone 40

Rp Area outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/ft2 7.5 Ra People outdoor air rate from Table 6.1, cfm/person 0.18 Pz*Rp 300 Az*Ra 164.52 Ez Zone air distribution effectiveness, Table 6.2 0.8 Voz Outdoor airflow to the zone corrected for zone air



1700


1235







cfm 465




maxZp 0.60


34

Bibliography

ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum n to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62-2001. ASHRAE

Incorporated, Atlanta, GA. 2003

ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum h to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62-2001. ASHRAE

Incorporated, Atlanta, GA. 2003

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